CN103294851A - Multiple disaster sensitive coefficient index based bridge structure sensor arrangement method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multiple disaster sensitive coefficient index based bridge structure sensor arrangement method. The method mainly includes the following steps: building a bridge structure finite element module, performing single disaster index sensitive coefficient analysis, performing multiple disaster index sensitive coefficient analysis, determining sensor arrangement positions and the like. By the method, sensor arrangement is realized by utilizing multiple disaster sensitive coefficient indexes, intensive monitoring of sensitive areas of disaster effect of a bridge structure is realized, and better monitoring effect can be realized as compared with existing methods that sensors are uniformly arranged.

Description

Bridge structure sensor arrangement method based on disaster-ridden harmful sensitivity coefficient index

Technical field

The present invention relates to bridge disaster monitoring method, particularly a kind of bridge structure sensor arrangement method based on disaster-ridden harmful sensitivity coefficient index.

Background technology

Bridge may face various burst fire-disasters in the phase under arms, for example earthquake, typhoon, ship hit, flood etc., these burst fire-disasters can produce material impact to the normal usability of bridge structure and security performance, and monitoring burst fire-disaster accurately and effectively in real time can play an important role in the Performance Evaluation of bridge structure and safe early warning.

Yet present monitoring method prematurity still about the burst fire-disaster effect, have following problem: 1. the sensor of displacement monitoring, strain generally adopts the method for even layout, such method for arranging can not be realized the emphasis monitoring is carried out in the sensitizing range of bridge structure hazard effects, also can cause unnecessary sensor to arrange at de-militarized zone simultaneously, can't obtain best sensor and arrange; 2. monitor the sensor of bridge vibration and arrange the Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics that is mainly used in Damage Identification of Bridge Structure, namely reflect the long-term accumulated damage of bridge structure according to the variation of kinematic behavior, and very few for the sensor layout study of bridge vibration under the disaster-ridden evil; 3. the monitoring position of bridge structure hazard effects mainly concentrates on main beam member, and it is very few for the monitoring of bridge tower member, this has just ignored the possibility that bridge tower at first destroys under the disaster-ridden evil effect, can't accurately realize Performance Evaluation and safe early warning to bridge structure.

Therefore, be necessary further to improve the monitoring method of the disaster-ridden harmful effect of bridge structure.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention: the present invention will provide the sensor arrangement method of the disaster-ridden harmful effect monitoring of a kind of bridge structure, to realize the disaster-ridden evil effect of the monitoring optimal placement of the sensor of bridge structure effect down.

Technical scheme: a kind of bridge structure sensor arrangement method based on disaster-ridden harmful sensitivity coefficient index comprises the steps:

Step 10: the finite element analysis model of setting up the long span bridge girder construction: according to design drawing and the detail file of long span bridge girder construction, set up the three-dimensional finite elements model of member bridge tower, bridge deck, bridge pier and cable, and direction across bridge and vertical wind-resistant support unit be set between girder and king-tower, set up the master slave relation of each abutment pier place girder node and pier top node, the bridge pier bottom is fixed;

Step 20: analyze the effect index susceptibility of bridge structure node under the single disaster effect, obtain the node effect index sensitivity coefficient of each disaster effect correspondence:

Step 21, the multiple disaster of calculating required consideration at the bridge structure load effect are chosen a kind of on and are applied on the described three-dimensional finite element model, and the analysis indexes of selected model joint load effect obtains the calculated value of analysis indexes by finite element solving

Step 22, the action intensity that will choose disaster are reduced to X%, are applied to described three-dimensional finite element model again, obtain the calculated value of node effect index by finite element solving

Wherein X is 90～98;

Step 23, calculate the sensitivity coefficient K that chooses disaster corresponding node effect index ₁:

$K_1=|{\hat{E}}^1-{{\hat{E}}^1}_{X\%}|$

In the formula, || expression takes absolute value, and can obtain the sensitivity coefficient K of each disaster effect corresponding node effect index, wherein K=[K based on step 21～23 ₁, K ₂..., K _n], n represents to act on the disaster kind of bridge structure, K _iThe sensitivity coefficient of representing i kind disaster effect corresponding node effect index, i=1,2 ..., n;

Step 30: according to the participation weight of each disaster effect to the node effect, calculate the disaster-ridden evil effect effect index sensitivity coefficient of bridge structure node down:

Step 31, act on the Probability p that takes place in the bridge structure design reference period according to each disaster _i, determine that each disaster effect is to the participation weight γ of node effect _i:

γ _i=p _i

Step 32, the disaster-ridden evil effect of calculating be the effect index sensitivity coefficient of bridge structure node down

$\widehat{\mathrm{\γ}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{\γ}}_i{K}_i$

Step 40: determine the disaster-ridden evil effect typical node of bridge structure down according to the effect index sensitivity coefficient, this type of node location namely can be used as the position of sensor: choose sensitivity coefficient

Corresponding node is as typical node, wherein sensitivity coefficient

Span be:

$0.9{\widehat{\mathrm{\γ}}}_{\max }\≤\stackrel{\‾}{\mathrm{\γ}}\≤{\widehat{\mathrm{\γ}}}_{\max }$

In the formula,

Ceiling effect index sensitivity coefficient for all nodes of finite element model.

Described disaster effect comprises in hitting at least two of earthquake, typhoon and ship.

Described analysis indexes comprises at least one in shift value, strain value and the vibration acceleration value.

Beneficial effect: the present invention can realize the best sensor layout of the disaster-ridden harmful effect monitoring of bridge structure, utilizing disaster-ridden harmful sensitivity coefficient index to carry out sensor arranges, can realize the emphasis monitoring is carried out in the sensitizing range of bridge structure hazard effects, reducing unnecessary sensor at de-militarized zone simultaneously arranges, compare with the classic method that sensor is evenly arranged, can obtain better sensor and arrange effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the disaster-ridden evil effect sensor layout process flow diagram of bridge structure down.

Embodiment

Below with reference to accompanying drawings 1, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated.

A kind of bridge structure sensor arrangement method based on disaster-ridden harmful sensitivity coefficient index of the present invention, this method for arranging comprises the steps:

Step 10: the finite element analysis model of setting up the long span bridge girder construction:

Design drawing and detail file according to the long span bridge girder construction, its primary structure member bridge tower, bridge deck, bridge pier and cable etc. are carried out three-dimensional finite elements simulation, and direction across bridge and vertical wind-resistant support unit are set between girder and king-tower, this external each abutment pier place girder node and pier top node degree of freedom are set up master slave relation, and the bridge pier bottom is fixed.

Step 20: based on the finite element analysis model of step 10, carry out the effect index sensitivity analysis of bridge structure node under the single disaster effect, obtain the node effect index sensitivity coefficient of each disaster effect correspondence:

Step 21, calculate the multiple disaster effect (earthquake, typhoon, ship hit etc.) of required consideration at the bridge structure load effect, choose wherein a kind of and be applied to the three-dimensional finite element model of step 10, select the analysis indexes (shift value, strain value, vibration acceleration value etc.) of model joint load effect then, and obtain the calculated value of analysis indexes by finite element solving

Step 22, the action intensity that will choose disaster are reduced to 95%, are applied to the three-dimensional finite element model of step 10 again, obtain the calculated value of node effect index by finite element solving

Step 23, utilize formula (1) can calculate the sensitivity coefficient K that chooses disaster corresponding node effect index on this basis ₁:

$K_1=|\hat{E}-{\hat{E}}_{95\%}|---\left(1\right)$

In the formula, || expression takes absolute value.Can obtain the sensitivity coefficient K of each disaster effect corresponding node effect index, wherein K=[K based on step 21～23 ₁, K ₂..., K _n], n represents to act on the disaster kind of bridge structure, K _iThe sensitivity coefficient of representing i kind disaster effect corresponding node effect index, i=1,2 ..., n.

Step 30: according to the participation weight of each disaster effect to the node effect, calculate the disaster-ridden evil effect effect index sensitivity coefficient of bridge structure node down:

Step 31, act on the Probability p that takes place in the bridge structure design reference period according to each disaster _i, utilize formula (2) to determine that each disaster effect is to the participation weight γ of node effect _i:

γ _i=p _i （2）

Step 32, utilize formula (3) to calculate the disaster-ridden evil effect effect index sensitivity coefficient of bridge structure node down on this basis

$\widehat{\mathrm{\γ}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{\γ}}_i{K}_i---\left(3\right)$

Step 40: determine the disaster-ridden evil effect typical node of bridge structure down according to the effect index sensitivity coefficient, this type of node location namely can be used as the optimal placement position of sensor:

For the different nodes of finite element model, therefore the sensitivity coefficient difference that calculates under disaster-ridden evil effect chooses the node of big sensitivity coefficient correspondence wherein as typical node, wherein big sensitivity coefficient

Span be:

$0.9{\widehat{\mathrm{\γ}}}_{\max }\≤\stackrel{\‾}{\mathrm{\γ}}\≤{\widehat{\mathrm{\γ}}}_{\max }---\left(4\right)$

In the formula,

Ceiling effect index sensitivity coefficient for all nodes of finite element model.The typical node position namely can be used as the optimal placement position of sensor.

Except above-mentioned advantage, the present invention chooses vibration displacement, speed or acceleration as the load effect analysis indexes, calculate the disaster-ridden evil effect sensitivity coefficient of analysis indexes down, the node location of choosing big sensitivity coefficient correspondence namely can be used as the optimal placement position of vibration transducer; Replenished the disaster-ridden evil effect sensor arrangement method of bridge structure king-tower down.Calculate the disaster-ridden evil effect node effect index sensitivity coefficient of king-tower member down based on step 10～40, the node location of choosing big sensitivity coefficient correspondence namely can be used as the optimal placement position of king-tower member sensor.

Claims (3)

1. the bridge structure sensor arrangement method based on disaster-ridden harmful sensitivity coefficient index is characterized in that this method for arranging comprises the steps:

Step 10: the finite element analysis model of setting up the long span bridge girder construction: according to design drawing and the detail file of long span bridge girder construction, set up the three-dimensional finite elements model of member bridge tower, bridge deck, bridge pier and cable; And direction across bridge and vertical wind-resistant support unit be set between girder and king-tower; Set up the master slave relation of each abutment pier place girder node and pier top node; The bridge pier bottom is fixed;

Step 20: analyze the effect index susceptibility of bridge structure node under the single disaster effect, obtain the node effect index sensitivity coefficient of each disaster effect correspondence:

Step 21, the multiple disaster of calculating required consideration at the bridge structure load effect are chosen a kind of on and are applied on the described three-dimensional finite element model, and the analysis indexes of selected model joint load effect obtains the calculated value of analysis indexes by finite element solving

Step 22, the action intensity that will choose disaster are reduced to X%, are applied to described three-dimensional finite element model again, obtain the calculated value of node effect index by finite element solving

Wherein X is 90～98;

Sensitivity coefficient (the K of disaster corresponding node effect index is chosen in step 23, calculating ₁):

$K_1=|{\hat{E}}^1-{{\hat{E}}^1}_{X\%}|$

In the formula, || expression takes absolute value, and can obtain the sensitivity coefficient (K) of each disaster effect corresponding node effect index, wherein sensitivity coefficient K=[K based on step 21～23 ₁, K ₂..., K _n], n represents to act on the disaster kind of bridge structure, K _iThe sensitivity coefficient of representing i kind disaster effect corresponding node effect index, i=1,2 ..., n;

Step 30: according to the participation weight of each disaster effect to the node effect, calculate the disaster-ridden evil effect effect index sensitivity coefficient of bridge structure node down:

Step 31, act on the Probability p that takes place in the bridge structure design reference period according to each disaster _i, determine that each disaster effect is to the participation weight (γ of node effect _i):

γ _i=p _i

Step 32, the disaster-ridden evil effect of calculating be the effect index sensitivity coefficient of bridge structure node down

$\widehat{\mathrm{\γ}}=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{\γ}}_i{K}_i$

Step 40: determine the disaster-ridden evil effect typical node of bridge structure down according to the effect index sensitivity coefficient, this type of node location namely can be used as the position of sensor: choose sensitivity coefficient

Corresponding node is as typical node, wherein sensitivity coefficient

Span be:

$0.9{\widehat{\mathrm{\γ}}}_{\max }\≤\stackrel{\‾}{\mathrm{\γ}}\≤{\widehat{\mathrm{\γ}}}_{\max }$

In the formula,

Ceiling effect index sensitivity coefficient for all nodes of finite element model.

2. the bridge structure sensor arrangement method based on disaster-ridden harmful sensitivity coefficient index as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described disaster effect comprises in hitting at least two of earthquake, typhoon and ship.

3. the bridge structure sensor arrangement method based on disaster-ridden harmful sensitivity coefficient index as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described analysis indexes comprises at least one in shift value, strain value and the vibration acceleration value.

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