CN103292831B - The single-ended Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor of fiber grating reflection filter structure - Google Patents
The single-ended Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor of fiber grating reflection filter structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of single-ended Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor of fiber grating reflection filter structure, structure is that laser instrument closes terminal light with the first fiber optic splitter combiner and is connected, and the first fiber optic splitter combiner two points of terminals detect light-modulating cell light with pumping pulse light-modulating cell, frequency displacement respectively and are connected; Pumping pulse light-modulating cell and the second fiber optic splitter combiner point of terminal light is connected; Frequency displacement detection light-modulating cell and the second fiber optic splitter combiner another point of terminal light is connected; Second fiber optic splitter combiner closes terminal and is connected with optical circulator Single port light, and optical circulator Two-port netwerk is connected with sensor fibre one end, and the sensor fibre other end is connected with fiber grating reflection filter structured light; Optical circulator three port is connected with signal acquisition process unit light.This sensor realizes single-ended light input Brillouin optical time domain analysis distributing optical fiber sensing, overcomes traditional Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor both-end light input shortcoming, and the temperature can measured real-time on Inductive links and strain information.<!--1-->
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber sensing, particularly relate to a kind of single-ended Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor of fiber grating reflection filter structure.
Background technology
Distributing optical fiber sensing is the novel real time on-line monitoring technology of one developed gradually along with social demand, ultimate principle is the perception and the transmission that utilize an optical fiber to carry out signal simultaneously, in conjunction with advanced input and treatment technology, can to the measurement reaching tens kilometers of optical fiber and carry out the physical quantity such as distributed temperature, strain.Distinctive anticorrosive, the advantage such as electromagnetism interference, stable chemical nature of optical fiber, also makes Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques obtain the favor of numerous researchist and application units, achieves huge progress in recent years.Up to the present, Fibre Optical Sensor the research of every field just carrying out like a raging fire.The Fibre Optical Sensor of the various uses such as fibre optic temperature sensor, fibre optic hydrophone, fibre optic current sensor, optical fibre gyro emerges in an endless stream, and almost can be applied in the various fields of conventional electrical working sensor.Compared with traditional electric sensor, Fibre Optical Sensor has higher sensitivity and life-span.
Distributing optical fiber sensing utilizes optical fiber vertical characteristics to carry out the technology measured, it is using the measured function as fiber lengths, on whole fiber lengths, continuous print can be carried out to the external physical parameter along fiber geometries path profile to measure in real time, the space distribution of tested physical parameter and time dependent feature thereof can be provided for people, territory security protection can be applied in widely, enclose boundary's intrusion detection, buildings health monitoring, the field such as oil pipeline monitoring.Distributed fiberoptic sensor can be divided into following three kinds according to sensing principle: based on the distributed fiberoptic sensor of principle of interference; Based on the distributed fiberoptic sensor of light scattering principle; Based on the distributed fiberoptic sensor of fiber grating principle.The present invention is the distributed fiberoptic sensor based on Brillouin light scattering principle.
Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques based on Brillouin scattering principle comprises two kinds: based on optical time domain reflection technology (BOTDR) and based on optical time-domain analysis technology (BOTDA).BOTDR technology due to adopt be spontaneous brillouin scattering faint in optical fiber, so distance sensing and measuring accuracy limited; BOTDA technology utilizes the stimulated Brillouin effect in optical fiber, and scattered signal is strong, therefore can realize higher measuring accuracy on the distance sensing of tens kilometers.Publication number 101324424 patent " novel optical fiber Brillouin light time domain analyzer ", publication number 202853632U " a kind of long-distance optical fiber Brillouin light time domain analyzer " etc. propose separately based on the brillouin distributed optical fiber sensing scheme of BOTDA technology, but do not solve that BOTDA technically faces must inject the shortcoming that pumping pulsed light and frequency displacement detect light respectively from sensor fibre two ends; Documents such as " design and implimentation of long distance Brillouin optical time domain analysis system " that " Brillouin optical time domain analysis system based on two-way Raman amplifiction ", " Optical Society of China's annual meeting in 2011 " of " Acta Physica Sinica " 2010 08 phase report is reported does not solve problems equally, and therefore BOTDA technology still faces very large difficulty in practical engineering application.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the engineering of above-mentioned existence and technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of single-ended Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor of fiber grating reflection filter structure.This sensor only needs a sensor fibre, by connecting a set of passive fiber grating reflection filter structure at sensor fibre far-end, pumping pulse light and frequency displacement being detected light and is proximally injected in sensor fibre simultaneously; The fiber grating reflection filter structure of far-end is to frequency displacement detection light reflection also filtering pumping pulse light, eliminate pumping pulse light due to the impact of reflection on system signal noise ratio, thus achieve the single-ended distributed temperature of BOTDA technology and the measurement of strain, overcome the shortcoming of traditional B OTDA technology.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The single-ended Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor of fiber grating reflection filter structure, comprise LASER Light Source, two fiber optic splitter combiners, optical circulator, pumping pulse light-modulating cell, frequency displacement detection light-modulating cell, signal acquisition process unit, sensor fibre, fiber grating reflection filter structures is characterized in that: laser instrument closes terminal light with the first fiber optic splitter combiner and is connected, and the first fiber optic splitter combiner two points of terminals detect light-modulating cell light with pumping pulse light-modulating cell, frequency displacement respectively and are connected; Pumping pulse light-modulating cell and the second fiber optic splitter combiner point of terminal light is connected; Frequency displacement detection light-modulating cell and the second fiber optic splitter combiner another point of terminal light is connected; Second fiber optic splitter combiner closes terminal and is connected with optical circulator first port optical, and optical circulator second port is connected with sensor fibre one end, the sensor fibre other end and fiber grating reflection filter anatomical connectivity; Optical circulator the 3rd port is connected with signal acquisition process unit light.
Described laser instrument is narrow-linewidth laser light source.
Described fiber optic splitter combiner is fiber coupler or polarization beam splitter/combiner.
Described optical circulator adopts fiber coupler to replace.
Described fiber grating reflection filter structure is made up of the 3rd fiber optic splitter combiner, fiber grating that four-port photocirculator is identical with two, and the sensor fibre other end closes terminal with the 3rd fiber optic splitter combiner of fiber grating reflection filter structure and is connected; Two branch port of the 3rd fiber optic splitter combiner are connected with two ports of four-port photocirculator respectively, another two ports connected fiber grating respectively of four-port photocirculator.
Described signal acquisition process unit comprises photodetector and circuit processing part.
The present invention's mainly utilize a kind of fiber grating reflection filter structure to solve traditional B OTDA technology must inject light simultaneously shortcoming from sensor fibre two ends.The fiber grating reflection filter structure connected by sensor fibre far-end, reflection frequency displacement detection light, filtering pumping pulse light.Thus realize carrying out distributed temperature and strain measurement by single-ended BOTDA technology.
The method of the single-ended Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor of fiber grating reflection filter structure, is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) continuous light that laser instrument exports is divided into two-way light by the first fiber optic splitter combiner, and a road light is modulated into pumping pulse light through pumping pulse light-modulating cell, and enters sensor fibre by the second fiber optic splitter combiner and optical circulator; Another road light is modulated into frequency displacement detection light by frequency displacement detection light-modulating cell, and enters sensor fibre by the second fiber optic splitter combiner and optical circulator.
(2) detect light after sensor fibre, by fiber grating reflection filter structure reflects, be again coupled into sensor fibre, and along sensor fibre reverse transfer; Pumping pulse light after sensor fibre, by the filtering of fiber grating reflection filter structure;
(3) pumping pulse light forms stimulated Brillouin scattering effect with the detection light reflected through fiber grating in sensor fibre, scattered light carries out collection, the demodulation of opto-electronic conversion and signal through signal acquisition process unit, obtains the temperature on Inductive links and strain information.
Innovative point of the present invention is: adopt a kind of based on fiber grating reflection filter structure, and reflection frequency displacement detection light, filtering pumping pulse light, achieves single-ended BOTDA technology.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is fiber grating reflection filter structure of the present invention is the schematic diagram of another structure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes narrow-linewidth laser light source 1, two fiber optic splitter combiners (2,5), three ports light rings 6, pumping pulse light-modulating cell 3, frequency displacement detection light-modulating cell 4, signal acquisition process unit 9, sensor fibre 7, fiber grating reflection filter structure 8, narrow-linewidth laser light source 1 is connected with the 2-in-1 terminal light of the first fiber optic splitter combiner, and the first fiber optic splitter combiner two points of terminals detect light-modulating cell 4 light with pumping pulse light-modulating cell 3, frequency displacement respectively and are connected; Pumping pulse light-modulating cell 3 and the second fiber optic splitter combiner 5 one points of terminal light are connected; Frequency displacement detection light-modulating cell 4 and the second fiber optic splitter combiner 5 another point of terminal light is connected; Second fiber optic splitter combiner 5 closes terminal and is connected with three ports light rings 6 first port opticals, and three ports light rings 6 second ports are connected with sensor fibre 7 one end, and sensor fibre 7 other end is connected with fiber grating reflection filter structure 8; Three ports light rings 6 the 3rd port is connected with signal acquisition process unit 9 light.
Described fiber optic splitter combiner, pumping pulse light-modulating cell 3, frequency displacement detection light-modulating cell 4, signal acquisition process unit 9, fiber grating reflection filter structure 8 are present structure, and signal acquisition process unit comprises photodetector and circuit processing part.
As shown in Figure 2, of the present inventionly comprise LASER Light Source 1, two fiber optic splitter combiners (2,5), pumping pulse light-modulating cell 3, frequency displacement detection light-modulating cell 4, three ports light rings 6, sensor fibre 7, signal acquisition process unit 9, fiber grating reflection filter structure 8; Fiber grating reflection filter structure is by the 3rd fiber optic splitter combiner 13, fiber grating (10 that four-port photocirculator 11 is identical with two, 12) form, narrow-linewidth laser light source 1 is connected with the 2-in-1 terminal light of the first fiber optic splitter combiner, and the first fiber optic splitter combiner two points of terminals detect light-modulating cell 4 light with pumping pulse light-modulating cell 3, frequency displacement respectively and are connected; Pumping pulse light-modulating cell 3 and the second fiber optic splitter combiner 5 one points of terminal light are connected; Frequency displacement detection light-modulating cell 4 and the second fiber optic splitter combiner 5 another point of terminal light is connected; Second fiber optic splitter combiner 5 closes terminal and is connected with three ports light rings 6 first port opticals, three ports light rings 6 second ports are connected with sensor fibre 7 one end, and sensor fibre 7 other end closes terminal with the 3rd fiber optic splitter combiner 13 of fiber grating reflection filter structure 8 and is connected; Three ports light rings 6 the 3rd port is connected with signal acquisition process unit 9 light; Two branch port of the 3rd fiber optic splitter combiner 13 are connected with two ports of four-port photocirculator 11 respectively, another two ports connected fiber grating respectively of four-port photocirculator 11.
LASER Light Source 1 sends continuous light through the first fiber optic splitter combiner 2 light splitting, and a road light enters pumping pulse light-modulating cell 3 and is modulated into pumping pulse light, and pumping pulse light enters sensor fibre 7 through the second fiber optic splitter combiner 5 with optical circulator 6 and transmits;
Another road light that first fiber optic splitter combiner 2 separates enters frequency displacement detection light-modulating cell 4 and is modulated into frequency displacement detection light, eventually passes the second fiber optic splitter combiner 5 and enters sensor fibre 7 with optical circulator 6 and transmit;
The 3rd fiber optic splitter combiner 13 that sensor fibre 7 tail end connects, four-port photocirculator 11 and fiber grating (10,12) constitute fiber grating reflection filter structure to the frequency displacement detection light reflection being transferred to tail end, and filtering is transferred to the pumping pulse light of tail end.
Forming stimulated Brillouin scattering effect through reflecting the pumping pulse light that in the frequency displacement detection light and sensor fibre 7 reentering sensor fibre 7 reverse transfer, forward transmits, producing stimulated Brillouin scattering light.
Stimulated Brillouin scattering light is reverse transfer in sensor fibre 7, by three port photocirculator 6 entering signal acquisition process unit 9 acquisition process, and is transferred to computing machine.
By calculating sensor fibre 7 Brillouin scattering frequency shift amount everywhere, demodulate sensor fibre 7 temperature everywhere and strain value according to demodulating algorithm.
In view of present invention employs a kind of technology based on fiber grating reflection filter structure, achieve a kind of novel single-ended BOTDA technology, overcome traditional B OTDA technology must inject light signal simultaneously shortcoming from sensor fibre two ends, facilitate engineer applied, improve the practicality of BOTDA technology.
The present invention can apply widely and carry out growing distance, distributed monitoring fields of measurement with various needs.
Claims (6)
1. the single-ended Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor of fiber grating reflection filter structure, comprise LASER Light Source, two fiber optic splitter combiners, optical circulator, pumping pulse light-modulating cell, frequency displacements detect light-modulating cell, signal acquisition process unit, sensor fibre, fiber grating reflection filter structure, it is characterized in that: laser instrument closes terminal light with the first fiber optic splitter combiner and is connected, the first fiber optic splitter combiner two points of terminals detect light-modulating cell light with pumping pulse light-modulating cell, frequency displacement respectively and are connected; Pumping pulse light-modulating cell and the second fiber optic splitter combiner point of terminal light is connected; Frequency displacement detection light-modulating cell and the second fiber optic splitter combiner another point of terminal light is connected; Second fiber optic splitter combiner closes terminal and is connected with optical circulator Single port light, and optical circulator Two-port netwerk is connected with sensor fibre one end, the sensor fibre other end and fiber grating reflection filter anatomical connectivity; Optical circulator three port is connected with signal acquisition process unit light;
Described fiber grating reflection filter structure is made up of the 3rd fiber optic splitter combiner, fiber grating that four-port photocirculator is identical with two, and the sensor fibre other end closes terminal with the 3rd fiber optic splitter combiner of fiber grating reflection filter structure and is connected; Two branch port of the 3rd fiber optic splitter combiner are connected with two ports of four-port photocirculator respectively, another two ports connected fiber grating respectively of four-port photocirculator.
2. the single-ended Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor of fiber grating reflection filter structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described laser instrument is narrow-linewidth laser light source.
3. the single-ended Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor of fiber grating reflection filter structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fiber optic splitter combiner is fiber coupler or polarization beam splitter/combiner.
4. the single-ended Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor of fiber grating reflection filter structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described optical circulator adopts fiber coupler to replace.
5. the single-ended Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor of fiber grating reflection filter structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described signal acquisition process unit comprises photodetector and circuit processing part.
6., according to the analytical approach of the single-ended Brillouin optical time domain analysis sensor of the fiber grating reflection filter structure one of claim 1-5 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) continuous light that laser instrument exports is divided into two-way light by the first fiber optic splitter combiner, and a road light is modulated into pumping pulse light through pumping pulse light-modulating cell, and enters sensor fibre by the second fiber optic splitter combiner and optical circulator; Another road light is modulated into frequency displacement detection light by frequency displacement detection light-modulating cell, and enters sensor fibre by the second fiber optic splitter combiner and optical circulator;
(2) detect light after sensor fibre, by fiber grating reflection filter structure reflects, be again coupled into sensor fibre, and along sensor fibre reverse transfer; Pumping pulse light after sensor fibre, by the filtering of fiber grating reflection filter structure;
(3) pumping pulse light forms stimulated Brillouin scattering effect with the detection light through fiber grating reflection filter structure reflects in sensor fibre, Brillouin scattering carries out collection, the demodulation of opto-electronic conversion and signal through signal acquisition process unit, according to the relation of Brillouin scattering spectrum and temperature, strain, obtain the temperature on Inductive links and strain information.
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| CN104792343B (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2017-09-01 | 广西师范大学 | Brillouin light fiber sensor system and method for sensing that a kind of single-ended structure is dynamically measured |
| CN105928634B (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2018-10-26 | 太原理工大学 | The temperature measuring device for high-voltage cable and method of the relevant domain analysis of single-ended Brillouin light |
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| CN202648830U (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-01-02 | 宁波诺驰光电科技发展有限公司 | A distributed fiber sensing device based on Brillouin scattering |
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| CN102221421A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-10-19 | 宁波诺驰光电科技发展有限公司 | Distributed optical fiber sensor for temperature and strain measurement and measuring method |
| CN202648830U (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-01-02 | 宁波诺驰光电科技发展有限公司 | A distributed fiber sensing device based on Brillouin scattering |
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