CN103291858A - Mechanical variable speed system - Google Patents

Mechanical variable speed system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103291858A
CN103291858A CN2012100483506A CN201210048350A CN103291858A CN 103291858 A CN103291858 A CN 103291858A CN 2012100483506 A CN2012100483506 A CN 2012100483506A CN 201210048350 A CN201210048350 A CN 201210048350A CN 103291858 A CN103291858 A CN 103291858A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
planet carrier
gear ring
driving wheel
wheel
output
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Granted
Application number
CN2012100483506A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103291858B (en
Inventor
黄建辉
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JIANGSU SPEED ELECYTICAL MACHINERY STOCK CO., LTD.
Original Assignee
ZHANGJIAGANG JIUDING MACHINERY CO Ltd
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Priority to CN201210048350.6A priority Critical patent/CN103291858B/en
Publication of CN103291858A publication Critical patent/CN103291858A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103291858B publication Critical patent/CN103291858B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical variable speed system which comprises a driving wheel, a central shaft, a planetary gear mechanism and an output wheel, wherein the planetary gear mechanism comprises a center wheel, a planet wheel, a planet carrier and a gear ring; the gear ring is axially fixed with the planet carrier; the central shaft is fixed; the center wheel is integrally formed on the central shaft; and the mechanical variable speed system further comprises a gear shifting device which connects the planet carrier and/or the gear ring with the driving wheel and the output wheel to adjust the output rotating speed. By the aid of the arranged gear shifting device, connection relations between the driving wheel and the gear ring and/or the planet carrier and the output wheel are adjusted according to different variable speed requirements, different transmission ratios are output, and accordingly, operating speeds of devices such as wheels, a machine tool and the like are adjusted; variable speed adjustment is performed by the aid of a planetary gear mechanism, the stability is better, both abrasion and noise are small, the service life is longer, less acting force is required to be consumed, the work efficiency is higher, and the service life is longer, and the maintenance cost is low while compared with motor speed regulation.

Description

A kind of mechanical variable speed system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of speed variator system, be specifically related to a kind of mechanical variable speed system.
Background technique
Existing bicycle mainly is to make its operation by the people for applying active force, its speed becomes a cube ratio with the active force that human body applies, therefore, if will regulate the vehicle forward velocity, just need expend more active force, the amount of labour is bigger, and the electric bicycle that occurs on the existing market can carry out real-time speed regulating as required, but it mainly is the operation speed governing that realizes vehicle by the rotational velocity of regulating motor, the damage once motor breaks down, electric bicycle then is difficult to normal operation, influences the use of daily life, and replacing and the maintenance cost of motor are higher.
And most of lathes are as drilling machine, milling machine, lathe etc., mainly be to adopt to change belt pulley and carry out speed change, and this method inconvenient operation that wastes time and energy, working efficiency is lower.
Also have a kind of mechanical variable speed device in the prior art, be specially and adopt the dual-clutch gear-shifting speed governing, but there are serious wearing and tearing in it when gearshift and transmission, energy consumption is serious, and noise is bigger, and working life is lower.
Therefore, a kind of real-time speed regulating of realizing equipment such as vehicle or lathe, simple in structure, easy to operate, reduce the amount of labour, increase work efficiency, and the lower speed variator system of user cost is demanded urgently occurring.
Summary of the invention
Mainly be the speed of regulating vehicle operating by artificial acting for solving traditional vehicle, the amount of labour is bigger, and the electric motor car on the existing market adopts motor to carry out speed governing or adopts the double clutch speed governing, serious wear, fragile, replacing and maintenance cost are all higher, most of machine adopted are changed the belt pulley speed change in addition, problems such as working efficiency is lower, the invention discloses a kind of speed variator system, to reach the motion speed of effectively regulating equipment such as vehicle or lathe according to concrete needs, reduce the amount of labour, easy to operate, increase work efficiency, reduce the purpose of user cost.
For achieving the above object, technological scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of mechanical variable speed system comprises active transmission device, arrangements for speed regulation and the output unit that is in transmission connection with described arrangements for speed regulation; Described active transmission device is driving wheel, described arrangements for speed regulation comprise central shaft with and be installed on planetary gears on the described central shaft, described planetary gears comprises central gear, planet wheel, planet carrier and gear ring, described gear ring and described planet carrier axial restraint; Described central shaft maintains static, and described central gear is shaped on the described central shaft;
Described output unit is the output wheel that is arranged at described planetary gears output terminal;
Described mechanical variable speed system also comprises by described planet carrier and/or gear ring and described driving wheel and output wheel being connected to regulate the gearshift of output speed.
Preferably, described driving wheel is that spline is connected with Placement between described gear ring, and the output terminal of described driving wheel is provided with the driving wheel external splines, and described gear ring input end is provided with gear ring first internal spline that is meshed with described driving wheel external splines.
Preferably, described driving wheel is that spline is connected with Placement between described planet carrier, and the output terminal of described driving wheel is provided with the driving wheel external splines, and the input end of described planet carrier is provided with planet carrier first internal spline that is meshed with described driving wheel external splines.
Preferably, Placement is that spline is connected between described planet carrier and described output wheel, and the output terminal of described planet carrier is provided with planet carrier second internal spline, and the input end of described output wheel is provided with the output wheel external splines that is meshed with described planet carrier second internal spline.
Preferably, described gear ring output terminal is provided with gear ring second internal spline that is meshed with described output wheel external splines.
Preferably, described arrangements for speed regulation also comprise the positioning means with described gear ring and described planet carrier axial restraint.
Preferably, described positioning means comprises the position limit pin that is fixedly set in described gear ring inboard, and the outer groove that is positioned at the described planet carrier outside, and described position limit pin stretches in the described outer groove, described position limit pin can be outside described the groove circumferential running.
Preferably, described gearshift comprises support, is arranged at the push rod that vertically moves for the described gear ring of promotion on the described support and the position-limit mechanism that is used for the described push rod stroke of restriction.
Preferably, be provided with through hole on the described support, described position-limit mechanism comprises the screens element that is arranged at the limited impression on the described push rod and is positioned at described through hole, and described limited impression is at least 2.
Preferably, the front end of described push rod also is provided with the shift fork of vertically fixing with described gear ring.
Mechanical variable speed system disclosed by the invention comprises driving wheel, central shaft, planetary gears, output wheel, and described planetary gears comprises central gear, planet wheel, planet carrier and gear ring, described gear ring and described planet carrier axial restraint; Described central shaft maintains static, and described central gear is shaped on the described central shaft; Also comprise by described planet carrier and/or gear ring and described driving wheel and output wheel being connected to regulate the gearshift of output speed.By gearshift is set, according to different speed change needs adjustment driving wheels and the annexation between gear ring and/or planet carrier and output wheel, export different velocity ratios, thereby regulate the motion speed of equipment such as wheel or lathe, adopt this planetary gears to carry out speed change and regulate, stability is better, and wearing and tearing and noise are all less, working life is longer, need not to consume more active force, working efficiency is higher, relatively motor speed-regulating, working life is longer, and maintenance cost is lower.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technological scheme of the prior art, to do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of mechanical variable speed system disclosed by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of driving wheel in a kind of mechanical variable speed system disclosed by the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of planet carrier in a kind of mechanical variable speed system disclosed by the invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of gear ring in a kind of mechanical variable speed system disclosed by the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of central shaft in a kind of mechanical variable speed system disclosed by the invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of gearshift in a kind of mechanical variable speed system disclosed by the invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of output wheel in a kind of mechanical variable speed system disclosed by the invention.
The title of the numeral among the figure or the corresponding part of alphabetical representative:
1, driving wheel 2, planet wheel 3, planet carrier 4, gear ring 5, central shaft 6, support 7, output wheel; 11, driving wheel external splines; 31, planet carrier first internal spline 32, planet carrier second internal spline 33, outer groove; 41, gear ring first internal spline 42, gear ring second internal spline 43, position limit pin 44, convex edge; 51, central gear; 61, push rod 62, through hole 63, screens element 64, limited impression 65, shift fork; 71, output wheel external splines.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technological scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment who obtains under the creative work prerequisite.
The invention discloses a kind of speed variator system, to reach the motion speed of effectively regulating equipment such as vehicle or lathe according to concrete needs, reduce the amount of labour, easy to operate, increase work efficiency, reduce the purpose of user cost.
Shown in Fig. 1-7, a kind of mechanical variable speed system comprises active transmission device, arrangements for speed regulation and the output unit that is in transmission connection with arrangements for speed regulation; The active transmission device is driving wheel 1, arrangements for speed regulation comprise central shaft 5 with and be installed on planetary gears on the central shaft 5, planetary gears comprises central gear 51, planet wheel 2, planet carrier 3 and gear ring 4, gear ring 4 and planet carrier 3 axial restraints; Guarantee that gear ring 4 and planet carrier 3 can vertically move synchronously, gear ring also can and planet carrier between relatively rotate, can not produce mutual interference, guarantee the normal operation of the two.
Central shaft 5 maintains static, and central gear 51 is shaped on the central shaft 5; Guarantee the stability between central gear and central shaft; Output unit is the output wheel 7 that is arranged at the planetary gears output terminal; Applied external force directly acts on the driving wheel, and the speed governing processing is carried out by planetary gears in the back, exports by output wheel at last.
This mechanical variable speed system also comprises by planet carrier 3 and/or gear ring 4 and driving wheel 1 and output wheel 7 being connected to regulate the gearshift of output speed.By gearshift is set, according to different speed change needs adjustment driving wheels and the annexation between gear ring and/or planet carrier and output wheel, export different velocity ratios, thereby regulate the motion speed of equipment such as wheel or lathe, adopting this planetary gears to carry out speed change regulates, stability is better, and wearing and tearing and noise are all less, and working life is longer, need not to consume more active force, working efficiency is higher, relative motor speed-regulating, and use and maintenance cost are lower.
Driving wheel 1 is that spline is connected with the Placement of 4 of gear rings, and the output terminal of driving wheel 1 is provided with driving wheel external splines 11, and gear ring 4 input ends are provided with gear ring first internal spline 41 that is meshed with driving wheel external splines 11.The effect of being meshing with each other by 41 of driving wheel external splines 11 and gear ring first internal splines makes driving wheel active force can be directly passed to gear ring, drives gear ring and rotates.
Driving wheel 1 is that spline is connected with the Placement of 3 of planet carriers, and the input end of planet carrier 3 is provided with planet carrier first internal spline 31 that is meshed with driving wheel external splines 11.The effect of being meshing with each other by 31 of driving wheel external splines 11 and planet carrier first internal splines makes driving wheel active force can be directly passed to planet carrier, drives planet carrier and rotates.
7 Placements of planet carrier 3 and output wheel are that spline is connected, and the output terminal of planet carrier 3 is provided with planet carrier second internal spline 32, and the input end of output wheel 7 is provided with the output wheel external splines 71 that is meshed with planet carrier second internal spline 32.By the engagement of 71 of planet carrier second internal spline 32 and output wheel external spliness, can pass to output wheel through planet carrier and directly export rotating.
Arrangements for speed regulation also comprise the positioning means of gear ring 4 with planet carrier 3 axial restraints.Positioning means comprises the position limit pin 43 that is fixedly set in gear ring 4 inboards, and the outer groove 33 that is positioned at planet carrier 3 outsides, and position limit pin 43 stretches in the outer groove 33, and position limit pin 43 can be along outer groove 33 circumferential runnings.On the one hand in the vertical to effectively locating between gear ring and planet carrier, can make the vertical same moved further of gear ring and planet carrier, on the other hand, because the rotational velocity of gear ring and planet carrier is inconsistent, by the two is relatively rotated, to guarantee the two normal operation in a circumferential direction, do not produce mutual interference.In addition, except arranging at gear ring position limit pin positions, also can catch be set at gear ring positions, catch can be sector structure, and concentric with outer groove, with the normal operation between assurance planet carrier and gear ring, or the circumference in the gear ring inboard arranges circle or one section convex edge, convex edge and the effect of cooperatively interacting of outer groove, the structural type of positioning means does not limit at this.
Gearshift comprises support 6, is arranged at the push rod 61 that vertically moves for promotion gear ring 4 on the support 6, and the position-limit mechanism that is used for restriction push rod 61 strokes.Support 6 is provided with through hole 62, and position-limit mechanism comprises the limited impression 64 that is arranged on the push rod 61 and the screens element 63 that is positioned at through hole 62, and limited impression 64 is at least 2.By the effect of cooperatively interacting of limited impression and screens element, push rod is carried out the spacing of different strokes, realize that the gearshift of planet carrier and gear ring is moved, by being set, the screens element make operator can clearly understand gear, so that operation.Screens element 63 comprises spring and steel ball.By to the compression of spring and reset and realize the effect of screens gearshift.Wherein also can directly at support the convex edge that is complementary with limited impression be set, the edge of convex edge is arc, is convenient to clamping and the disengaging of limited impression, is convenient to gear shift operation.
The front end of push rod 61 also is provided with the shift fork of vertically fixing with gear ring 4 65, the output terminal arranged outside of gear ring 4 has convex edge 44, shift fork 65 is provided with bayonet socket, match with bayonet socket in the convex edge, it is fixing to make push rod and gear ring vertically go up, and gear ring and planet carrier can vertically moving and move with push rod, and shift fork is sector structure, with do not have interference on the circumferencial direction of gear ring, the circumference that can not influence gear ring rotates, and guarantees the normal operation of gear ring.In addition, also can be at gear ring arranged outside groove, shift fork stretches in the groove and positions, and concrete mode does not limit.
Embodiment 1
Limited impression is 2.Its concrete working principle is as follows:
One grade: previous limited impression 64 clampings on screens element 63 and the push rod, 3 of gear ring 4 and planet carriers are vertically gone up fixing, driving wheel external splines 11 is meshed with gear ring first internal spline 41, planet carrier second internal spline 32 of planet carrier 3 output terminals and 71 engagements of output wheel external splines, applied external force drives driving wheel 1 running, driving wheel 1 will rotate by gear ring 4-planet carrier 3-output wheel 7 and transmit successively, will rotate through output wheel and export equipment operations such as driving wheel or lathe.
Second gear: push rod 61 promotion gear rings 4 and planet carrier 3 are to driving wheel 1 one side shiftings, limited impression 64 clampings that screens element 63 and push rod 61 are back one, driving wheel external splines 11 is thrown off with gear ring first internal spline 41, driving wheel external splines 11 is meshed with planet carrier first internal spline 31, planet carrier second internal spline 32 and the output wheel external splines 71 of planet carrier 3 output terminals continue engagement, applied external force drives driving wheel 1 running, driving wheel 1 will rotate by planet carrier 3 and pass to output wheel 7, will rotate through output wheel and export equipment operations such as driving wheel or lathe.
This embodiment has realized the replacing of two gears, and the instant speed change the when equipment such as vehicle or lathe of being convenient to move need not to consume more active force, has reduced the amount of labour.
Embodiment 2
All the other are identical with embodiment 1, and difference is that limited impression is 3, and gear ring 4 output terminals are provided with gear ring second internal spline 42 that is meshed with output wheel external splines 71.Its concrete working principle is as follows:
One grade: previous limited impression 64 clampings on screens element 63 and the push rod, 3 of gear ring 4 and planet carriers are vertically gone up fixing, driving wheel external splines 11 is meshed with gear ring first internal spline 41, planet carrier second internal spline 32 of planet carrier 3 output terminals and 71 engagements of output wheel external splines, applied external force drives driving wheel 1 running, driving wheel 1 will rotate by gear ring 4-planet carrier 3-output wheel 7 and transmit successively, will rotate through output wheel and export equipment operations such as driving wheel or lathe.
Second gear: push rod 61 promotion gear rings 4 and planet carrier 3 are to driving wheel 1 one side shiftings, screens element 63 and push rod 61 middle limited impression 64 clampings, driving wheel external splines 11 is thrown off with gear ring first internal spline 41, driving wheel external splines 11 is meshed with planet carrier first internal spline 31, planet carrier second internal spline 32 and the output wheel external splines 71 of planet carrier 3 output terminals continue engagement, applied external force drives driving wheel 1 running, driving wheel 1 will rotate by planet carrier 3 and pass to output wheel 7, will rotate through output wheel and export equipment operations such as driving wheel or lathe.
Third gear: push rod 61 promotes gear ring 4 and continues mobile to driving wheel 1 one sides with planet carrier 3, screens element 63 and push rod 61 back limited impression 64 clampings, planet carrier first internal spline 31 continues to be meshed with driving wheel external splines 11, planet carrier second internal spline 32 is thrown off with output wheel external splines 71, gear ring second internal spline 42 and 71 engagements of output wheel external splines, applied external force drives driving wheel 1 running, driving wheel 1 will rotate by planet carrier 3-gear ring 4-output wheel 7 and transmit successively, will rotate through output wheel and export equipment operations such as driving wheel or lathe.
This embodiment has realized the replacing of three gears, and the instant speed change the when equipment such as vehicle or lathe of being convenient to move need not to consume more active force, has reduced the amount of labour.
All there is chamfering in the splined end that above embodiment mentions, and the incision of being convenient to spline connects, and the two ends of central shaft all can be exported.
Except the employing spline is fixedly connected, also can adopt gear connection etc. between central shaft, driving wheel, output wheel, gear ring and the planet carrier, concrete Placement does not limit.
Mechanical variable speed system disclosed by the invention comprises driving wheel, central shaft, planetary gears, output wheel, and described planetary gears comprises central gear, planet wheel, planet carrier and gear ring, described gear ring and described planet carrier axial restraint; Described central shaft maintains static, and described central gear is shaped on the described central shaft; Also comprise by described planet carrier and/or gear ring and described driving wheel and output wheel being connected to regulate the gearshift of output speed.By gearshift is set, according to different speed change needs adjustment driving wheels and the annexation between gear ring and/or planet carrier and output wheel, export different velocity ratios, thereby regulate the motion speed of equipment such as wheel or lathe, adopting this planetary gears to carry out speed change regulates, stability is better, and wearing and tearing and noise are all less, and working life is longer, need not to consume more active force, working efficiency is higher, relative motor speed-regulating, and use and maintenance cost are lower.
More than be the description to the embodiment of the invention, by the above-mentioned explanation to the disclosed embodiments, make related domain professional and technical personnel can realize or use the present invention.Multiple modification to these embodiments will be apparent concerning those skilled in the art, and defined General Principle can realize under the situation that does not break away from the spirit or scope of the present invention in other embodiments herein.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the wideest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.

Claims (10)

1. a mechanical variable speed system is characterized in that, comprises active transmission device, arrangements for speed regulation and the output unit that is in transmission connection with described arrangements for speed regulation; Described active transmission device is driving wheel, described arrangements for speed regulation comprise central shaft with and be installed on planetary gears on the described central shaft, described planetary gears comprises central gear, planet wheel, planet carrier and gear ring, described gear ring and described planet carrier axial restraint; Described central shaft maintains static, and described central gear is shaped on the described central shaft;
Described output unit is the output wheel that is arranged at described planetary gears output terminal;
Described mechanical variable speed system also comprises by described planet carrier and/or gear ring and described driving wheel and output wheel being connected to regulate the gearshift of output speed.
2. mechanical variable speed system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described driving wheel is that spline is connected with Placement between described gear ring, the output terminal of described driving wheel is provided with the driving wheel external splines, and described gear ring input end is provided with gear ring first internal spline that is meshed with described driving wheel external splines.
3. mechanical variable speed system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described driving wheel is that spline is connected with Placement between described planet carrier, the output terminal of described driving wheel is provided with the driving wheel external splines, and the input end of described planet carrier is provided with planet carrier first internal spline that is meshed with described driving wheel external splines.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described mechanical variable speed systems, it is characterized in that, Placement is that spline is connected between described planet carrier and described output wheel, the output terminal of described planet carrier is provided with planet carrier second internal spline, and the input end of described output wheel is provided with the output wheel external splines that is meshed with described planet carrier second internal spline.
5. mechanical variable speed system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described gear ring output terminal is provided with gear ring second internal spline that is meshed with described output wheel external splines.
6. mechanical variable speed system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described arrangements for speed regulation also comprise the positioning means with described gear ring and described planet carrier axial restraint.
7. mechanical variable speed system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described positioning means comprises the position limit pin that is fixedly set in described gear ring inboard, and the outer groove that is positioned at the described planet carrier outside, described position limit pin stretches in the described outer groove, described position limit pin can be outside described the groove circumferential running.
8. mechanical variable speed system according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described gearshift comprises support, is arranged at the push rod that vertically moves for the described gear ring of promotion on the described support and the position-limit mechanism that is used for the described push rod stroke of restriction.
9. mechanical variable speed system according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, be provided with through hole on the described support, described position-limit mechanism comprises the screens element that is arranged at the limited impression on the described push rod and is positioned at described through hole, and described limited impression is at least 2.
10. speed variator system according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the front end of described push rod also is provided with the shift fork of vertically fixing with described gear ring.
CN201210048350.6A 2012-02-29 2012-02-29 A kind of mechanical variable speed system Expired - Fee Related CN103291858B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104329455A (en) * 2014-11-11 2015-02-04 合肥工业大学 Motor-driven planetary gear train gear shifting mechanism

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN200975446Y (en) * 2006-09-20 2007-11-14 刘硕毅 Three-speed planet speed changing box
CN201521608U (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-07-07 杜明乾 Double-speed planetary reducer
CN201651190U (en) * 2010-01-26 2010-11-24 沈阳安东机电工贸有限公司 Planetary shift reducer of main shaft
WO2011162200A1 (en) * 2010-06-23 2011-12-29 Ntn株式会社 Electrically assisted bicycle
CN202468869U (en) * 2012-02-29 2012-10-03 张家港市九鼎机械有限公司 Mechanical speed change system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN200975446Y (en) * 2006-09-20 2007-11-14 刘硕毅 Three-speed planet speed changing box
CN201521608U (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-07-07 杜明乾 Double-speed planetary reducer
CN201651190U (en) * 2010-01-26 2010-11-24 沈阳安东机电工贸有限公司 Planetary shift reducer of main shaft
WO2011162200A1 (en) * 2010-06-23 2011-12-29 Ntn株式会社 Electrically assisted bicycle
CN202468869U (en) * 2012-02-29 2012-10-03 张家港市九鼎机械有限公司 Mechanical speed change system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104329455A (en) * 2014-11-11 2015-02-04 合肥工业大学 Motor-driven planetary gear train gear shifting mechanism

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