CN103291552B - Multi-blade multi-driving-paddle wind machine structure - Google Patents

Multi-blade multi-driving-paddle wind machine structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103291552B
CN103291552B CN201310242875.8A CN201310242875A CN103291552B CN 103291552 B CN103291552 B CN 103291552B CN 201310242875 A CN201310242875 A CN 201310242875A CN 103291552 B CN103291552 B CN 103291552B
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China
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blades
blade
actuating motor
wheel hub
root
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201310242875.8A
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CN103291552A (en
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屈稳太
应蓓华
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Ningbo Institute of Technology of ZJU
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Ningbo Institute of Technology of ZJU
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-blade multi-driving-paddle wind machine structure which comprises a hub, a wind machine rotating shaft and three large blades which are arranged in a symmetrical mode in space. Each large blade is composed of a conical rotating shaft, three small blades and three servo motors, wherein each servo motor is an outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor, an outer rotor of each servo motor is fixedly connected with each small blade, an inner stator of each servo motor is fixed with the conical rotating shaft, a driving device of each servo motor is installed inside the hub, and a public direct current bus supplies power for the driving device of each servo motor. The multi-blade multi-driving-paddle wind machine structure has the largest advantages that each large blade is composed of the rotating shaft and the three small blades and the three small blades can be driven and controlled by the servo motors. The multi-blade multi-driving-paddle wind machine structure has the advantages of being flexible in control, fast in response, variable in posture, capable of being suitable for uneven distribution of wind energy, wide in effective wind speed range, not prone to producing stress, long in service life, capable of enabling the paddles to be easily manufactured, transported and installed and the like.

Description

Multi-blade multi-driving-paddlewind wind machine structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wind energy conversion system, particularly relate to a kind of wind machine structure of Multi-blade multi-driving-paddlewind.
Background technique
In wind-power generating system, due to the random fluctuation of wind-force, harsh requirement is proposed to wind energy conversion system capturing wind energy.Traditional fixed pitch wind turbine blade is fixedly connected with wheel hub, and its propeller pitch angle is changeless.When direction and the intensity change at random of wind-force, be difficult to obtain best wind energy utilization.Pitch-controlled wind turbine, blade can rotate around central shaft, and propeller pitch angle can along with the size of wind speed adjusts in certain scope, and its wind power conversion efficiency is higher, receive widespread attention and applies.But for large scale wind power machine, paddle size is large, blade controls to have larger hysteresis effect, and flexibility is inadequate, control accuracy and poor stability, is difficult to obtain satisfied control effects; Secondly, monoblock blade global formation in the fabrication process, manufactures, transport, installation difficulty is large; On the area that blade scans, (this area may much larger than 10 3m 2), by the impact of wind shear, tower shadow effect and turbulent flow, the distribution of wind speed can not be uniformly continous, and single monoblock blade is difficult to this nonuniformity and the change at random that adapt to wind-force.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of wind machine structure of Multi-blade multi-driving-paddlewind.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of Multi-blade multi-driving-paddlewind wind machine structure, it is primarily of three blades, wheel hub, pylon, cabin, main shaft, main shaft bearing, rectifier power source and gear-box composition; Wherein, described wheel hub is connected with main shaft by spindle flange, and main shaft is connected with the lower velocity shaft of gear-box by main shaft bearing, and the high speed shaft of gear-box is connected with the rotor shaft of generator.Generator, gear-box, master controller and rectifier power source are installed in the inside in cabin; Three blades have identical structure, and the alternate 120 degree of symmetries in space are arranged on wheel hub; Each blade is made up of diminished shaft, tip blades, tip actuating motor, root blades and root actuating motor; Diminished shaft is formed by two sections, and tip is cylindrical body, and root is hollow cone; The inner stator of tip actuating motor and root actuating motor is all enclosed within the cylindrical body of diminished shaft, and tip blades is fixedly connected with the external rotor of tip actuating motor, and root blades is fixedly connected with the external rotor of root actuating motor.
Further, described wheel hub is drum type three-port structure, and symmetrical at a distance of three blades installation holes of 120 degree on wheelboss side wall, there is mounting flange in aperture; Two annular DC buss are laid at the back side of wheel hub, and brush is pressed on annular DC bus, and spring sheet one end is pressed on brush, the other end is fixed on fixed block, fixed block and cabin are fixed together, and brush is connected with the bus that is flexible coupling, and the bus that is flexible coupling connects with the rectifier power source in cabin; Spindle flange is installed in the central position, the back side of wheel hub.
Further, six servo drivers are installed in described wheel hub inside, the inlet wire of servo driver is connected with the annular DC bus at the wheel hub back side through threading hole, and the outlet of servo driver connects with tip actuating motor or root actuating motor through the blades installation hole of wheelboss side wall.
Further, described tip actuating motor is identical with the structure of root actuating motor, and external rotor is equipped with circular clamping plate, inner stator is hollow, coiling three-phase windings on inner stator, and magnet steel is fixed on the interior survey of external rotor.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. original big leaf's slice is changed over two small leaf, distributed driving is adopted to small leaf, control flexibly, the change at random of wind-force can be adapted to, improve wind energy utilization.
2. small leaf drive motor adopts the hollow external rotor permanent magnet synchronous machine of slender type, and rotary inertia is little, and dynamic response is fast, and control accuracy is high.
3. sharf is the combination of cylindrical body and cone, and cone structure enhances the mechanical strength of axle root, and it is that actuating motor wiring is provided convenience that cone makes cavity.
4. small leaf is fixedly connected with actuating motor external rotor, and the hollow inner stator of actuating motor is enclosed within blade center axle, fixes with it; In conical section, sharf is milled with the window of blade rotary, and the rotation for blade provides convenient.
5. motor servo driver distributing installation is in the inside of wheel hub, rotates with wheel hub and blade synchronization, and the motor driving cable line of servo driver and code device signal line are connected to actuating motor through blade central shaft cavity.
6. motor servo driver adopts DC power supply, at wheel hub laid inside annular DC bus, the DC supply input of servo driver is directly linked on annular DC bus, and annular DC bus connects with DC electrical source through spring sheet and flexible connecting line, and DC electrical source is arranged in cabin.
7. the Ac that DC electrical source is exported by generator obtains through controlled rectification.
8. master controller is arranged in cabin, is communicated, simplify wiring by wireless network with the servo driver in wheel hub.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Multi-blade multi-driving-paddlewind wind machine general assembly front view;
Fig. 2 is Multi-blade multi-driving-paddlewind wind machine general assembly left view;
Fig. 3 is wheel hub dorsal view;
Fig. 4 is wheel hub internal view;
Fig. 5 is diminished shaft and single blade structure figure;
Fig. 6 is the structural drawing of diminished shaft root and actuating motor;
Fig. 7 is external rotor actuating motor structural drawing;
Fig. 8 is many driving actuating motor electric control structure figure;
Fig. 9 is main controller circuit figure and wireless network figure;
Figure 10 is servo driver circuit diagram;
Figure 11 is child node circuit block diagram;
Figure 12 is child node single-chip microcomputer and nRF2401 interface circuit figure;
Figure 13 is host node program flow diagram;
Figure 14 is child node program flow diagram;
In figure, diminished shaft 1, blade 2, tip blades 3, tip actuating motor 4, root blades 5, root actuating motor 6, wheel hub 7, annular DC bus 8, blades installation hole 9, mounting flange 10, main shaft 11, brush 12, pylon 13, main shaft bearing 14, rectifier power source 15, cabin 16, master controller 17, generator 18, rotor shaft 19, gear-box 20, spring sheet 21, be flexible coupling bus 22, fixed block 23, spindle flange 24, servo driver 25, permanent magnet 26, inner stator 27, magnet steel 28, threading hole 29, circular clamping plate 30, bearing 31, winding 32, synchronous DRAM 33, data/address bus 34, address bus 35, main control chip 36, jtag interface 37, FLASH memory 38, radio receiving transmitting module 39, blades control unit 40, current sensor 41, angular encoder 42, wireless module 43, wireless signal Transmit-Receive Unit 44, single-chip microcomputer 45, D/A converter 46, address latch 47, first bi-directional voltage transducer 48, A/D converter 49, the second bi-directional voltage transducer 50, 3rd bi-directional voltage transducer 51.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, Multi-blade multi-driving-paddlewind wind machine structure of the present invention forms primarily of three blades 2, wheel hub 7, pylon 13, cabin 16, main shaft 11, main shaft bearing 14, rectifier power source 15, gear-box 20.Three blades 2 have identical structure, and the alternate 120 degree of symmetries in space are arranged on wheel hub 7.Blade 2 is made up of diminished shaft 1, tip blades 3, tip actuating motor 4, root blades 5, root actuating motor 6.
As shown in Figure 2, wheel hub 7 is connected with main shaft 11 by spindle flange 24, and main shaft 11 is connected by the lower velocity shaft of main shaft bearing 14 with gear-box 20, and the high speed shaft of gear-box 20 is connected with the rotor shaft 19 of generator 18.Generator 18, gear-box 20, master controller 17 and rectifier power source 15 are installed in the inside in cabin 16.
As shown in Figure 3, wheel hub 7 adopts drum type three-port structure, and symmetrical at a distance of three blades installation holes 9 of 120 degree on wheel hub 7 sidewall, there is mounting flange 10 in aperture; Two annular DC buss 8 are laid at the back side of wheel hub 7, brush 12 is pressed on annular DC bus 8, spring sheet 21 one end is pressed on brush 12, the other end is fixed on fixed block 23, fixed block 23 and cabin 16 are fixed together, brush 12 is connected with the bus 22 that is flexible coupling, and the bus 22 that is flexible coupling connects with the rectifier power source 15 in cabin; Spindle flange 24 is installed in the central position, the back side of wheel hub 7.
As shown in Figure 4,6 servo drivers 25 are installed in wheel hub 7 inside, the inlet wire of servo driver 25 is connected through the annular DC bus 8 of threading hole 29 with wheel hub 7 back side, and the outlet of servo driver 25 connects with tip actuating motor 4 and root actuating motor 6 through the blades installation hole 9 of wheel hub 7 sidewall.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, each blade 2 is made up of diminished shaft 1, tip blades 3, tip actuating motor 4, root blades 5, root actuating motor 6, circular clamping plate 30, bearing 31; Diminished shaft 1 is formed by two sections, and tip is cylindrical body, and root is hollow cone, and conical sections has rotary window, is convenient to the rotation of blade.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the inner stator of tip actuating motor 4 and root actuating motor 6 is all enclosed within the cylindrical body of diminished shaft 1, tip blades 3 is fixedly connected with by the external rotor of bolt with tip actuating motor 4, root blades 5 is fixed by the external rotor of bolt and root actuating motor 6, circular clamping plate 30 external rotor of tip actuating motor 4 and root actuating motor are equipped with, for stator blade; Circular clamping plate 30 are enclosed within by bearing 31 on the cylindrical body of diminished shaft 1, and tip blades 3 is fixedly connected with circular clamping plate 30 by bolt with root blades 5.
As shown in Figure 7, tip actuating motor 4 is identical with the structure of root actuating motor 6, all adopts outer-rotor structure, external rotor 28 is equipped with circular clamping plate 30, and inner stator 27 is hollow, coiling three-phase windings 32 on inner stator, and magnet steel 28 is fixed on the interior survey of external rotor.
In this structural design, have two key links, one is the central shaft of blade, and another is the length of point blade.In order to increase the intensity of blade center axle, at the root of central shaft, adopt cone structure, taper length 8m, small end connects with cylindrical body, external diameter 38mm, large end external diameter 180mm.Body length 25m, corresponding wind-driven generator rated power 200kW.The length of leaf tip blades is 18m, and the length of blade root blades is 15m.
Drive actuating motor to adopt the leptosomatic external rotor electric machine with auto-lock function, actuating motor power depends on the wind load that point blade bears.For generator power proposed by the invention and blades size, the actuating motor power 3kw corresponding to the blades of tip, the long 350mm of motor, motor external diameter 80mm, actuating motor power 1.8kw corresponding to root blades, the long 300mm of motor, motor external diameter 80mm.
As shown in Figure 8, the electrical control topological structure of a kind of Multi-blade multi-driving-paddlewind wind machine structure of the present invention, the threephase AC that generator 18 exports is input to rectifier power source 15 and is transformed to direct current, electric current electricity is received on annular DC bus 8 through brush 12, six servo drivers 25 directly connect with annular DC bus 8, and the output of six servo drivers 25 is received on three tip actuating motors 4 and three root actuating motors 6 respectively.
Main controller circuit figure and wireless network figure as shown in Figure 9, master controller 17 by master chip 36, synchronous DRAM SDRAM33, FLASH memory 38, data/address bus 34, address bus 35, jtag interface 37, radio receiving transmitting module (nRF2401) 39 forms.Wherein master chip 36 adopts Samsung RAM chip S3C4510B.Wi-Fi topological structure is star topology, wherein with master controller 17 for host node, each blades control unit 40 is child node.Blades control unit 40 is made up of nRF2401 wireless module 43 and servo driver 25.
The working principle of master controller 17: FLASH memory 38 is for program code stored, SDRAM33 is used for the real time data that storage of collected arrives, jtag interface 37 is for debugging and download, and radio receiving transmitting module (nRF2401) 39 is for receiving and dispatching the data of each child node.
Servo driver circuit diagram as shown in Figure 10, servo driver 25 adopts three closed-loop control system, by current controller, speed controller, angle controller is formed, and current sensor 41 sample motor electric current also feeds back to current controller, angular encoder 42 motor shaft is equipped with, be used as to gather blades rotation angle, and angle signal is fed back to angle controller, the differential of angle signal feeds back to speed controller as rate signal.
Child node circuit block diagram as shown in figure 11, nRF2401 wireless module 43 is made up of single-chip microcomputer 45 and nRF2401 wireless signal Transmit-Receive Unit 44.
Servo driver (25) with the Principle of Communication of nRF2401 wireless module 43 is: servo driver 25 gathers current signal and angle signal, and the single-chip microcomputer 45 current signal and angle signal delivered in nRF2401 wireless module 43, current signal and angle signal transfer to for wind velocity signal and wind direction signals by single-chip microcomputer 45 respectively, give nRF2401 wireless transmit/receive units 44, nRF2401 wireless transmit/receive units 44 and send data to master controller node 17 by wireless network.NRF2401 wireless transmit/receive units 44 receives the angle commands of master controller node 17 transmission by wireless network, and give single-chip microcomputer 45 by angle commands, the angle that angle commands is converted to servo driver 25 by single-chip microcomputer 45 is given, controls the angle of swing of blades.According to aerodynamic principle, moment of torsion suffered by blades is directly proportional to wind speed square, and the electric current of actuating motor is directly proportional to the moment of torsion of blades, therefore can according to the size of the size of current determination wind speed of actuating motor.
Child node single-chip microcomputer and nRF2401 interface circuit figure as shown in figure 12, nRF2401 wireless module 43 is by single-chip microcomputer (AT89S52) 45, D/A converter (DAC0932) 46, A/D converter (ADC0809) 49, address latch (74LS373) 47, bi-directional voltage transducer 48,50,51, nRF2401 radio transmitting and receiving chip 44 forms.NRF2401 radio transmitting and receiving chip 44 works in full-duplex mode, both can transmitting data, also can receive data.Analog amount from the angle feedback signal of servo driver 25 and current feedback signal, be converted to digital quantity through AD converter 49 and give single-chip microcomputer 45, angle feedback signal and current feedback signal are transformed to wind velocity signal and wind direction signals through software process by single-chip microcomputer 45, then deliver to nRF2401 radio transmitting and receiving chip 44 and launch.NRF2401 radio transmitting and receiving chip 44 receives the angle commands that host node 17 sends and gives single-chip microcomputer 45, single-chip microcomputer 45 is converted to angle data-oriented through software process and gives D/A converter (DAC0932) 46, the angle that D/A converter (DAC0932) 46 is converted to analog amount is given, give servo driver 25 again, for controlling the rotation of blades.Bi-directional voltage transducer 48 adopts chip (74LVC4245), adopt dual power supply, the bilateral switching between 5V level and 3.3V level can be realized, by controlling the direction of pin DIR control voltage conversion, when DIR is high level, data flow enters from A port, and B port goes out, when DIR is low level, data flow is contrary.Bi-directional voltage transducer 50 and 51 adopts chip 74LVC2T45, and 74LVC2T45 realizes the voltage transitions of 2.Current direction due to CE, PWR_UP, CS, CLKl pin of nRF2401 radio transmitting and receiving chip 44 is from single-chip microcomputer 45 to (nRF2401) 44, and the current direction of DR1 pin is from (nRF2401) 44 to single-chip microcomputer 45, the data flow of DATA pin is two-way, therefore the voltage conversion circuit of three parts is added in circuit, wherein the data flow of P1.5 control DATA pin.
Primary controller procedure flow chart as shown in fig. 13 that, first hardware device initialization is carried out, load software startup program BootLoader, ram space is opened up in SDRAM, detection system memory-mapped, set storehouse, for the operation of program is ready, the kernel kernel of main program reflection is read in RAM from FLASH, for kernel runs, start-up parameter is set, call kernel, calculate the attitude parameters of each blades, upgrade the attitude parameters of each blades, program intercepts radio port, determine whether new data to need to send or accept, when needing when there being new data to send, arranging wireless module nRF2410 is emission mode, the data that will send and destination address form fixing Frame, send into the data buffer of nRF2410 module, start nRF2410 module and send data, after completing, program flow returns recalculates the attitude parameters of each blades, when needing when there being new data to receive, arranging wireless module nRF2410 is receiving mode, starts nRF2410 module and receives data, according to the frame structure of data, analyzing data is wind direction data or air speed data, and after completing, program flow returns recalculates the attitude parameters of each blades.
Child node program flow diagram as shown in figure 14, first hardware device initialization is carried out, current of electric is sampled, motor angle of swing is sampled, according to current parameters calculation of wind speed parameter, wind direction parameter is calculated according to motor angle of swing, calculate the angle on target of blades thus, be converted to the angle command of servo-drive, control actuating motor rotates, program intercepts radio port subsequently, determine whether new data to need to send or accept, when needing when there being new data to send, arranging wireless module nRF2410 is emission mode, the data that will send and destination address form fixing Frame, send into the data buffer of nRF2410 module, start nRF2410 module and send data, program flow returns resampling current of electric and corner after completing, calculate the wind speed and direction of each blades, when needing when there being new data to receive, arranging wireless module nRF2410 is receiving mode, starts nRF2410 module and receives data, the data of reception are converted to the instruction of servo driver, program flow returns upgrades the instruction of servo driver, starts actuating motor according to new instruction operation.

Claims (4)

1. a Multi-blade multi-driving-paddlewind wind machine structure, it is characterized in that, it is primarily of three blades (2), wheel hub (7), pylon (13), cabin (16), main shaft (11), main shaft bearing (14), rectifier power source (15) and gear-box (20) composition; Wherein, described wheel hub (7) is connected with main shaft (11) by spindle flange (24), main shaft (11) is connected by the lower velocity shaft of main shaft bearing (14) with gear-box (20), and the high speed shaft of gear-box (20) is connected with the rotor shaft (19) of generator (18); Generator (18), gear-box (20), master controller (17) and rectifier power source (15) are installed in the inside of cabin (16); Three blades (2) have identical structure, and the alternate 120 degree of symmetries in space are arranged on wheel hub (7); Each blade (2) is made up of diminished shaft (1), tip blades (3), tip actuating motor (4), root blades (5) and root actuating motor (6); Diminished shaft (1) is formed by two sections, and tip is cylindrical body, and root is hollow cone; The inner stator of tip actuating motor (4) and root actuating motor (6) is all enclosed within the cylindrical body of diminished shaft (1), tip blades (3) is fixedly connected with the external rotor of tip actuating motor (4), and root blades (5) is fixedly connected with the external rotor of root actuating motor (6).
2. Multi-blade multi-driving-paddlewind wind machine structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described wheel hub (7) is drum type three-port structure, symmetrical three blades installation holes (9) at a distance of 120 degree on wheel hub (7) sidewall, and there is mounting flange (10) in aperture; Two annular DC buss (8) are laid at the back side of wheel hub (7), brush (12) is pressed on annular DC bus (8), spring sheet (21) one end is pressed on brush (12), the other end is fixed on fixed block (23), fixed block (23) and cabin (16) are fixed together, brush (12) is connected with the bus that is flexible coupling (22), and the bus that is flexible coupling (22) connects with the rectifier power source (15) in cabin; Spindle flange (24) is installed in the central position, the back side of wheel hub (7).
3. Multi-blade multi-driving-paddlewind wind machine structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, six servo drivers (25) are installed in described wheel hub (7) inside, the inlet wire of servo driver (25) is connected with the annular DC bus (8) at wheel hub (7) back side through threading hole (29), and the outlet of servo driver (25) connects with tip actuating motor (4) or root actuating motor (6) through the blades installation hole (9) of wheel hub (7) sidewall.
4. Multi-blade multi-driving-paddlewind wind machine structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described tip actuating motor (4) is identical with the structure of root actuating motor (6), circular clamping plate (30) external rotor are equipped with, inner stator (27) is hollow, coiling three-phase windings (32) on inner stator, magnet steel (28) is fixed on the inner side of external rotor.
CN201310242875.8A 2013-06-17 2013-06-17 Multi-blade multi-driving-paddle wind machine structure Expired - Fee Related CN103291552B (en)

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EP3331794A1 (en) 2015-08-07 2018-06-13 Otis Elevator Company Elevator system including a permanent magnet (pm) synchronous motor drive system
EP3331793B1 (en) 2015-08-07 2024-10-09 Otis Elevator Company Rescue control and method of operating an elevator system including a permanent magnet (pm) synchronous motor drive system
CN112012888A (en) * 2020-08-17 2020-12-01 海宁惠迪太阳能技术有限公司 Wind power generation device with wind speed detection function
CN112483307B (en) * 2020-10-26 2022-04-05 西安交通大学 Three-section pivoting type wind driven generator blade
CN113982831B (en) * 2021-10-12 2024-03-01 北京福泽润慧科技有限公司 New energy civil lighting and self-checking system for night wind power generation

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