CN103290406B - Laser cladding in-situ synthesis ceramic phase reinforced Fe-base cladding layer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Laser cladding in-situ synthesis ceramic phase reinforced Fe-base cladding layer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser cladding in-situ synthesis ceramic phase reinforced Fe-base cladding layer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of laser cladding. In-situ synthesis ceramic hard phases mainly comprise TiC, TiB2 and B4C. The coating is prepared according to the following steps of: firstly pretreating a base body; then proportioning alloy power in proportion by adopting a synchronous powder delivery laser cladding mode, and then sufficiently mixing and drying to use as a cladding material; regulating the process parameters of laser cladding in the presence of argon, wherein the cladding material carries out in-situ reaction under the irradiation of laser energy to generate a ceramic hard phase and shows good metallurgical bonding with the base body. The coating disclosed by the invention is compact in tissue without pores or cracks, achieves the large microhardness value more than 1000 HV and has very good application prospect in the field of laser surface modification.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser melting and coating technique, be specifically related to Laser Cladding in-situ synthesize ceramic and strengthen Fe base cladding layer and preparation method thereof mutually.
Background technology
Due to the distinctive excellent properties of laser, from mid-term in 20th century laser apparatus be widely used in scientific and technical research and industrial production since succeeding in developing.Laser surface modification is the application that laser is new in field of surface technology.According to employing different laser energy density and different processing modes, comparing typical method in laser surface technology has laser melting coating, laser transformation hardening, laser impact intensified, laser surface alloying etc.The object of these methods is all to make working face obtain the performances such as high rigidity, high-wearing feature and the highly corrosion resistant that base material cannot reach or cost is too large.Thus reach the requirement of not only having saved cost but also having met work object.
Laser melting coating is a kind of emerging process for modifying surface, and it improves the surface property of material by the rapid melting and solidification process occurring in matrix surface.Laser melting coating possesses many advantages, as: matrix and cladding layer bonding strength high; The heat affecting that matrix is subject to is less, not yielding etc.By laser melting coating differing materials, the performances such as wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, the fire-resistant oxidation resistant of material surface can be improved, reduce the consumption of noble metal simultaneously.Therefore in material surface modifying, there is broad prospect of application.
Pottery has the features such as high-melting-point, high rigidity, Heat stability is good, and Chang Zuowei wild phase is for the preparation of laser melting coating iron base composite material.But current coating, always by some Conventional alloys powder or add ceramic phase and form, still exists the defect such as crackle, pore when cladding, or there is the problem such as poor with matrix wettability, occur mechanical heterogeneity during application, easily the phenomenon such as to peel off.Therefore, suitable laser cladding powder and technique is found to have great importance.The method introducing ceramic enhancement phase has two kinds, i.e. outer addition and in-situ authigenic method usually.The ceramic enhancement phase particle of in-situ authigenic is comparatively tiny, is combined better with basal body interface, and crackle tendency reduces, and is development in recent years metal-base composites preparation method faster.
In recent years, for grow up on rich chromium cast iron basis with M
2b eutectic boride is that the research of the novel Fe-Cr-B wear resistant alloy of wear-resisting skeleton gets more and more.This system alloy has higher performance in wear-resisting and resistance to sudden heating.Cr12MoV is a kind of widely used vehicle mould steel, laser melting coating is carried out at matrix surface by adding new powdered material on Fe-Cr-B powdered alloy basis, reaction in－situ generates ceramic hard phase, is expected to reach improve die steel surface hardness, and extends the object of die life.Therefore, suitable laser cladding powder is developed and technique has great importance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the shortcoming existed for existing laser melting coating surface strengthening, proposes a kind of Laser Cladding in-situ synthesize ceramic and strengthen Fe base cladding layer and preparation method thereof mutually, solve vehicle mould steel surface reinforcement problem.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Laser Cladding in-situ synthesize ceramic strengthens a preparation method for Fe base cladding layer mutually, and the method is carried out according to following steps:
(1) substrate pretreated
To the die steel matrix working-surface oil removing processed, rust cleaning, with sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating; fully mixing will be carried out and as cladding material after drying after alloy powder proportionally proportioning; under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, cladding material reaction in－situ under laser energy irradiates generates ceramic hard phase.
As limitation of the invention, the alloy powder material composition of step of the present invention (2) be ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder, iron powder, containing Ti29 ?the titanium-iron powder of 31wt% and B
4c powder, the per-cent that element in the material that wherein said ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder are total accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.2 ?1.5%, Si1.1 ?1.2%, Cr10.7 ?11.3%, C0.08 ?0.15%, surplus Fe, and containing Ti29 ?the titanium-iron powder of 31wt% and B
4the per-cent that C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: titanium-iron powder 22.5 ?26.1%, B
4c powder 2.2 ?2.5%.
Powdered alloy granularity be 80 ?120 orders; The ceramic phase that original position is formed is evenly distributed, and microstructure of surface cladding layer is fine and close, and pore-free crackle, cladding coating and matrix present good metallurgical binding.
In addition, in order to obtain, there is specific mechanical property, heterogeneous microstructure and the cladding coating of matrix in conjunction with good even compact, according to the difference of powder sort and proportioning, suitable laser cladding technological parameter must be selected.Laser cladding technological parameter mainly comprises laser power, sweep velocity, powder feeding rate, spot size, argon flow amount etc.The increase of laser power, the reduction of sweep velocity, can make more powder smeltings, improve bonding strength and reduce tearing tendency, but laser power is excessive, sweep velocity is crossed and can be caused a part of hard phase melting loss of elements slowly, and thinning ratio also can be made to increase.Cladding material chemical composition has the greatest impact to quality of cladding layer, the most complicated, B, B
4c content is high, and cladding layer hardness is high, but tearing tendency is large.B
4c, Ti can by reaction B
4c+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC carries out proportioning, but will consider that Ti element has part scaling loss.Therefore, only have between each processing parameter and realize good collocation, the good cladding coating of realistic requirement could be obtained.Given this, laser cladding technological parameter of the present invention is: laser power 900-1500W, sweep velocity 3-8mm/s, spot diameter:
powder feeding rate: 10-15g/min, argon flow amount: 12-18L/min.
Reacted by LASER HEATING, coating situ synthesize ceramic hard phase mainly contains TiC, TiB
2, B
4c(is shown in accompanying drawing).
After adopting such scheme, the beneficial effect that the present invention obtains is: cladding powder reaction in－situ under laser energy irradiates generates ceramic hard phase, and presents good metallurgical binding with matrix, and this coating structure is fine and close, pore-free and crackle.Laser Cladding in-situ synthesize ceramic of the present invention strengthens the preparation technology of Fe base cladding layer mutually, production equipment and process is simple, easy to operate, easily be automated, the advantage such as pollution-free, and cladding does not need to carry out under vacuum, workpiece size is unrestricted, therefore can be used for processed complex surface or surface reconditioning.This coating microhardness value, up to more than 1000HV, is 1.6-2.0 times of matrix hardness.Do not use noble metal simultaneously, for material surface modifying, there is significant economic and social benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment 1 cladding coating micro-organization chart.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described further with regard to following examples.Described alloy powder material composition be ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder, iron powder, containing Ti29 ?the titanium-iron powder of 31wt% and B
4c powder, the per-cent that element in the material that described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder are total accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.2 ?1.5%, Si1.1 ?1.2%, Cr10.7 ?11.3%, C0.08 ?0.15%, surplus Fe, and containing Ti29 ?the titanium-iron powder of 31wt% and B
4the per-cent that C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: titanium-iron powder 22.5 ?26.1%, B
4c powder 2.2 ?2.5%.Specifically see embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Laser power 900W, Ti-Fe powder and B
4c is by reaction B
4c+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC proportioning
(1) substrate pretreated
To the vehicle mould steel Cr12MoV matrix working-surface oil removing processed, rust cleaning, with sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
In preset coating material composition proportioning, the per-cent that the element in the material that described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder are total accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.3%, Si1.2%, Cr11.3%, C0.1%, surplus Fe; And contain titanium-iron powder and the B of Ti30wt%
4the per-cent that C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: containing Ti-Fe powder 22.5%, the B of Ti30%
4c powder 2.5%; Powder size is 80-120 order.Mix after joining powder and drying, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, laser power 900W, sweep velocity 4mm/s, spot diameter:
powder feeding rate: 15g/min, argon flow amount: 12L/min.Under this processing parameter, make cladding material and vehicle mould steel matrix reaction in－situ form ceramic phase strengthen Fe base coating, cladding coating hardness reaches 1040Hv, is reacted by LASER HEATING, and coating situ synthesize ceramic hard phase mainly contains TiC, TiB
2, B
4c, is shown in accompanying drawing 1.
Embodiment 2:
Laser power: 1200W, Ti-Fe powder and B
4c is by reaction B
4c+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC proportioning
(1) substrate pretreated
To the vehicle mould steel Cr12MoV matrix working-surface oil removing processed, rust cleaning, with sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
In preset coating material composition proportioning, the per-cent that the element in the material that described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder are total accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.3%, Si1.2%, Cr11.3%, C0.09%, surplus Fe.And contain titanium-iron powder and the B of Ti29.1wt%
4the per-cent that C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: containing Ti-Fe powder 22.5%, the B of Ti29.1%
4c powder 2.5%; Powder size is 80-120 order.Mix after joining powder and drying, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, laser power 1200W, sweep velocity 4mm/s, spot diameter:
powder feeding rate: 15g/min, argon flow amount: 18L/min.Under this processing parameter, make cladding material and vehicle mould steel matrix reaction in－situ form ceramic phase strengthen Fe base coating, cladding coating hardness reaches 1055Hv.
Embodiment 3:
Laser power: 1500W, Ti-Fe powder and B
4c is by reaction B
4c+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC proportioning
(1) substrate pretreated
To the vehicle mould steel Cr12MoV matrix working-surface oil removing processed, rust cleaning, with sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
In preset coating material composition proportioning, the per-cent that the element in the material that described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder are total accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.3%, Si1.1%, Cr10.7%, C0.12%, surplus Fe; And contain titanium-iron powder and the B of Ti30.7wt%
4the per-cent that C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: containing Ti-Fe powder 26.1%, the B of Ti30.7%
4c powder 2.2%; Powder size is 80-120 order.Mix after joining powder and drying, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, laser power 1500W, sweep velocity 8mm/s, spot diameter:
powder feeding rate: 10g/min, argon flow amount: 16L/min.Under this processing parameter, make cladding material and vehicle mould steel matrix reaction in－situ form ceramic phase strengthen Fe base coating, cladding coating hardness reaches 1035Hv.
Embodiment 4:
Laser power: 900W, Ti-Fe powder and B
4c is by reaction B
4c+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC proportioning.
(1) substrate pretreated
To the vehicle mould steel Cr12MoV matrix working-surface oil removing processed, rust cleaning, with sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
In preset coating material composition proportioning, the per-cent that the element in the material that described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder are total accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.5%, Si1.18%, Cr10.76%, C0.11%, surplus Fe; And contain titanium-iron powder and the B of Ti30.6wt%
4the per-cent that C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: containing Ti-Fe26.1%, B of Ti30.6%
4c2.2%.Powder size is 80-120 order.Mix after joining powder and drying, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, laser power 900W, sweep velocity 4mm/s, spot diameter:
powder feeding rate: 12g/min, argon flow amount: 15L/min.Under this processing parameter, make cladding material and vehicle mould steel matrix reaction in－situ form ceramic phase strengthen Fe base coating, cladding coating hardness reaches 1070Hv.
Embodiment 5:
Laser power: 1200W, Ti-Fe powder and B
4c is by reaction B
4c+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC proportioning.
(1) substrate pretreated
To the vehicle mould steel Cr12MoV matrix working-surface oil removing processed, rust cleaning, with sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
In preset coating material composition proportioning, the per-cent that the element in the material that described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder are total accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.38%, Si1.15%, Cr10.76%, C0.10%, surplus Fe; And contain titanium-iron powder and the B of Ti30.2wt%
4the per-cent that C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: containing Ti-Fe powder 24.1%, the B of Ti30.2%
4c powder 2.4%; Powder size is 80-120 order.Mix after joining powder and drying, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, laser power 1200W, sweep velocity 6mm/s, spot diameter:
powder feeding rate: 12g/min, argon flow amount: 13L/min.Under this processing parameter, make cladding material and vehicle mould steel matrix reaction in－situ form ceramic phase strengthen Fe base coating, cladding coating hardness reaches 1062Hv.
Embodiment 6:
Laser power: 1500W, Ti-Fe powder and B
4c is by reaction B
4c+3Ti=2TiB
2+ TiC proportioning.
(1) substrate pretreated
To the vehicle mould steel Cr12MoV matrix working-surface oil removing processed, rust cleaning, with sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
In preset coating material composition composition proportion, the per-cent that the element in the material that described ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder are total accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B1.2%, Si1.1%, Cr10.94%, C0.15%, surplus Fe; And contain titanium-iron powder and the B of Ti29.5wt%
4the per-cent that C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: containing Ti-Fe powder 26.1%, the B of Ti29.5%
4c powder 2.4%; Powder size is 80-120 order.Mix after joining powder and drying, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, laser power 1500W, sweep velocity 7mm/s, spot diameter:
powder feeding rate: 15g/min, argon flow amount: 17L/min.Under this processing parameter, make cladding material and vehicle mould steel matrix reaction in－situ form ceramic phase strengthen Fe base coating, cladding coating hardness reaches 1068Hv.
Take embodiments of the invention as enlightenment, and by description herein, laser processing technology personnel can carry out changing and revising in the scope of this invention technological thought.The technology of the present invention scope is not limited to the content on specification sheets, will determine technical scope according to right.
Claims (3)
1. prepare the method that Laser Cladding in-situ synthesize ceramic strengthens Fe base cladding layer mutually, described Laser Cladding in-situ synthesize ceramic strengthens Fe base cladding layer mutually, and fabricated in situ ceramic hard mainly contains TiC, TiB mutually
2and B
4c; It is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) substrate pretreated
To the die steel matrix working-surface oil removing processed, rust cleaning, with sand papering, obtain smooth bright and clean surface;
(2) laser melting coating
Adopt the mode of synchronous powder feeding system laser melting coating, fully mixing will be carried out and as cladding material after drying after alloy powder proportionally proportioning, under argon shield, regulate laser cladding technological parameter, cladding material reaction in－situ under laser energy irradiates generates ceramic hard phase;
The alloy powder of step (2) consist of ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder, iron powder, containing the titanium-iron powder of Ti 29-31wt% and B
4c powder, the per-cent that element in the material that wherein said ferro-boron powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferrochrome powder and iron powder are total accounts for four kinds of alloy powder material gross weights is: B 1.2-1.5%, Si 1.1-1.2%, Cr10.7-11.3%, C 0.08-0.15%, surplus Fe, and the titanium-iron powder and the B that contain Ti 29-31wt%
4the per-cent that C powder accounts for all alloy powder material gross weights is respectively: titanium-iron powder 22.5-26.1%, B
4c powder 2.2-2.5%.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, laser cladding technological parameter is: laser power 900-1500W, sweep velocity 3-8mm/s, spot diameter:
powder feeding rate: 10-15g/min, argon flow amount: 12-18L/min.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, alloy powder granularity is 80-120 order.
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