CN103290292B - High strength magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High strength magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a high strength magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof. The magnesium alloy comprises the following components, by mass: 1.0-15.0% of Cd, 2.0-10.0% of Bi, 5.0-13.0% of Zn, 7.0-15.0% of Y, 0.4-1.0% of Zr, 0.1-5.0% of Nb, impurity elements, and the balance of Mg, wherein the total amount of the impurity elements such as Si, Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%. The preparation method comprises: adopting an electromagnetic semi-continuous casting method to prepare a magnesium alloy ingot billet, sequentially carrying out uniformization annealing and surface turning on the ingot billet, heating, adopting a reverse extrusion device to carry out reverse extrusion on the ingot billet, and carrying out a heat treatment on the extruded rod material. According to the prepared magnesium alloy material, room temperature mechanical properties can be that a tensile strength is 410-450 MPa, a yield strength is 350-380 MPa, and an elongation rate is more than 6%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallic substance and metallurgical technology field, be specifically related to a kind of high-strength magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The crystalline structure of magnesium alloy belongs to hexagonal close packed lattice, its plastic deformation ability is not as good as aluminium and steel, add difficulty and the manufacture cost of magnesium alloy plastic working, for this reason in novel magnesium alloy development research in recent years, start to pay attention to being designed mutually by wrought magnesium alloys interalloy and adopting the modes such as new deformation technique, while ensureing some strength, more focused on the plastic working ability improving magnesium alloy.
Due to magnesium alloy, to have density little, specific rigidity and specific tenacity high, and have excellent heat conductivity performance, capability of electromagnetic shielding, damping capacity, machinability and damping performance, there is the series of advantages such as dimensional stabilizing, pollution-free, easy recovery simultaneously, be structure lightened ideal material, in the industry such as automobile, aerospace, national defence and 3C Product, have wide commercial application prospect.But due to magnesium alloy absolute strength low, deformation at room temperature ability is poor, oxidizable burning, the defect such as perishable, limits its widespread use as structured material, and it is extensive that the application of current magnesium alloy can not show a candle to aluminium alloy.Therefore, improving magnesium alloy strength and make it have good over-all properties, is the focus of novel magnesium alloy exploitation, and high-strength magnesium alloy exploitation is simultaneously significant to the Application Areas expanding magnesium alloy.
At present, the Mg-Al-Zn system of commercial extensive application and Mg-Zn-Zr system alloy maximum intensity after distortion also thermal treatment is also no more than 350MPa, and the magnesium alloy of such intensity is also difficult to the requirement meeting high performance structures material.For improving thermotolerance and the obdurability of magnesium zinc zirconium series magnesium alloy material, researcher has carried out a large amount of research work, the people such as such as Kun Yu report a kind of novel magnesium zinc zirconium series magnesium alloy Mg-2.8%Ce-0.7%Zn-0.7%Zr (wt.%) at " Scripta Materialia " the 48th volume in 2003, and this alloy possesses the tensile strength of 257.8Mpa and the unit elongation of 12% at 25 DEG C; Patent publication No. is that the Chinese patent of CN101603138A discloses a kind of magnesium zinc zirconium series magnesium alloy Mg-0.2%Y-0.1%Zn-0.6%Zr (wt.% adding rare earth element yttrium, more excellent proportioning in embodiment), it at room temperature possesses the tensile strength of 179Mpa and the unit elongation of 7.2%; Patent publication No. be CN101314829A patent discloses a kind of quasi crystal phase fortified Mg-Zn-Y-Zr magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof, solve the problems such as magnesium alloy strengthening, tensile strength is 290-360MPa, and yield strength is 175-260MPa, and unit elongation is 10-18%; In addition, the applying date is on November 11st, 2004, China's patent of Authorization Notice No. CN1297676C " a kind of high plastic magnesium alloy containing rare-earth yttrium " discloses a kind of high plastic magnesium alloy containing rare-earth yttrium, each constituent mass percentage composition is Zn:5.0-8.5%, Zr:0.6-0.8%, Y:0.7-2.0%, tensile strength is 322-337MPa, and yield strength is 263-267MPa, and unit elongation is 18-21%.
Therefore, this two substantially series magnesium alloy be widely used in load assembly and be restricted.And the intensity wanting to improve magnesium alloy can improve alloy strength mutually by interpolation particle or fiber reinforcement, also alloy can be improved by the preparation method that strong plastic deformation or powder metallurgy etc. are complicated slight.But above-mentioned two kinds of methods all cannot prepare large size magnesium alloy structural part, therefore its application is restricted.Adding the method that alloying element reinforced magnesium alloy is a kind of simple efficient and cost-effective practicality improving magnesium alloy strength, in high-strength magnesium alloy performance history, improving the most general of intensity use by adding a large amount of alloying elements at present.In the various alloying elements improving Properties of Magnesium Alloy, during multiple rare earth element conbined usage, strengthening effect is best.At present, the exploitation of high-strength magnesium alloy is generally containing two kinds and two or more rare earth element.In addition, rare earth element has purification, degasification and deslagging effect in cast magnesium alloys, effectively can reduce the impact of gas, oxide compound and harmful element.Simultaneously, part rare earth element can refining alloy tissue or solid solution diffusion in intrinsic silicon with the mechanical property of reinforced magnesium alloy, rare earth compound can also be formed in a metal, these compounds produce segregation at the grain boundaries of magnesium alloy substrate, and then add dislocation desity, increase lattice distortion degree, thus reach the object of strengthening.Although a large amount of rare earth element add the intensity that greatly can improve magnesium alloy, the consequent is that magnesium alloy materials price comparison is high, and high magnesium-rare earth is widely applied and is restricted.Therefore exploitation has great importance without rare earth or containing the high-strength magnesium alloy of a small amount of rare earth element.
Summary of the invention
For prior art Problems existing, the invention provides a kind of high-strength magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof, this processing method cost is low and simple and easy to do, and the magnesium alloy of acquisition has higher intensity, makes this type of magnesium alloy have the mechanical property more superior than traditional commerce magnesium alloy.
A kind of high-strength magnesium alloy provided by the invention, each component and mass percent thereof are: the Cd of 1.0 ~ 15.0%, the Bi of 2.0 ~ 10.0%, the Zn of 5.0% ~ 13.0%, the Y of 7.0% ~ 15.0%, the Zr of 0.4 ~ 1.0%, the Nb of 0.1 ~ 5.0%, it is surplus that the total amount of impurity element S i, Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, Mg.
The preparation method of a kind of high-strength magnesium alloy provided by the invention, it mainly comprises following step:
(1) Mg, Cd, Bi, Zn, Y, Nb and Zr are pressed ingredient composition according to claim 1, wherein Mg, Cd, Bi and Zn add with the form of technical pure Mg, pure Cd, pure Bi and pure Zn, and Y, Nb and Zr add with the form of Mg-25 (or 50) wt.%Y, Zn-30wt.%Nb and Mg-30wt.%Zr master alloy respectively;
(2) (1) Raw in claim 1 is placed in baking oven respectively and carries out preheating, preheating temperature is 150 ~ 200 DEG C, and warm up time is 2 ~ 3h;
(3) smelting furnace is warming up to 650 ~ 750 DEG C, pure Mg and the Mg-Y master alloy of preheating is put into smelting furnace melt, need in melting process to pass into shielding gas and insulating covering agent, after above-mentioned raw materials all melts, adopt agitator alloy liquid to stir 5 ~ 10min and make its Homogeneous phase mixing, then remove the slag on aluminium alloy surface;
(4) above-mentioned aluminium alloy is warming up to 720 ~ 750 DEG C and adds metal Bi, stir after master alloy melts completely, add Mg-Zr and Zn-Nb master alloy in batches after aluminium alloy is warming up to 780 ~ 800 DEG C further, and fully stir; Aluminium alloy temperature is down to 720 ~ 740 DEG C and adds pure Cd and pure Zn, after pure Cd and pure Zn melts completely; Adopt Ar gas and solvent alloy liquid to carry out refining treatment, melt is cast through stirring and leaving standstill 30 ~ 60min 700 ~ 720 DEG C of insulations after skimming;
(5) by the ingot blank of casting, the resistance-type process furnace put into recirculating air carries out two-step homogenization process, and Homogenization Treatments system is: after 350 ~ 400 DEG C of insulation 5 ~ 8h, be warming up to 500 ~ 530 DEG C of insulation 10 ~ 15h;
(6) ingot blank after homogenizing is carried out surperficial turning, ingot blank diameter and length are worked into and match with extrusion machine internal diameter of the container and length; The ingot blank processed is put into process furnace and is heated to 340 ~ 420 DEG C, insulation 5 ~ 10h;
(7) container ingot blank heated being put into prior preheating extrudes, and extrusion speed is 1.0 ~ 5.0m/min, and container preheating temperature is 320 ~ 400 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 10 ~ 50: 1, obtains extruded bars;
(8) extruded bars of acquisition is carried out two-stage time effect process, its process system is: after 120 ~ 160 DEG C of insulation 3 ~ 8h, be warming up to 180 ~ 220 DEG C of insulation 30 ~ 80h, air cooling, obtained high-strength magnesium alloy material.
Described casting adopts the cunning semi-continuous casting method of low frequency electromagnetic, casting technique system is: electromagnetic field frequency is 20 ~ 30Hz, and magneticstrength is 15 ~ 30mT, and casting speed is 20 ~ 80mm/min, cooling water inflow is 50 ~ 400L/min, and crystallizer is wrought aluminium cover crystallizer.
Described shielding gas is SF
6+ CO
2+ Ar mixed gas, SF
6: CO
2: Ar volume ratio is 0.5: 40: 50.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) high-strength magnesium alloy of the present invention rare earth element compared with other high-strength magnesium alloys is less, and raw materials is easy to obtain, and cost is low, and cost performance is high, is easy to scale operation.
(2) present invention process is simple, and equipment used is conventional general-purpose equipment, is easy to transplant and operation, cost is low, obviously can improve the low problem of alloy strength, magnesium alloy limits its an application difficult problem because intensity is low can be solved, also can expand the Application Areas of magnesium alloy.
(3) the magnesium alloy room temperature tensile properties that prepared by alloy compositions provided by the invention and method thereof is: tensile strength is 410 ~ 450MPa, and yield strength is 350 ~ 380MPa, and unit elongation is for being greater than 6%.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment.It should be understood that embodiments of the invention are for illustration of the present invention instead of limitation of the present invention.Essence according to the present invention all belongs to the scope of protection of present invention to the simple modifications that the present invention carries out.
In the present embodiment, Mg, Cd, Bi and Zn add with magnesium ingot (99.95%), cadmium ingot (99.99%), bismuth ingot (99.99%) and zinc ingot metal (99.95%) respectively, Y, Nb and Zr all adopt the form of master alloy to add, and each master alloy composition massfraction is respectively: Mg-25 (or 50) %Y, Zn-30%Nb and Mg-30%Zr.
Shielding gas used in alloy casting process in the present embodiment is SF
6+ CO
2+ Ar mixed gas, SF
6: CO
2: Ar volume ratio is 0.5: 40: 50.
According to the standard of GB GB228-2002, room-temperature mechanical property test is carried out to the various magnesium alloy materials of the present embodiment gained.
Embodiment 1:
The composition (mass percent) of alloy is: Cd content is 10.0%, Bi content be 5.0%, Zn content is 5%, Y content is 7.0%, Zr content be 0.6%, Nb content is 0.1%, it is surplus that the total amount of impurity element S i, Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, Mg.Insulating covering agent each component used in alloy melting process in the present embodiment and weight part thereof are 5 grams of sulphur, 250 grams of diatomite, 200 grams of boric acid, silicon sol 45 grams, and insulating covering agent accounts for 1.0% of alloy melt gross weight; Refining agent each component and mass percent thereof are 900 grams of CaCl
2, 1200 grams of KCl, 150 grams of CaF
2, 750 grams of BaCl
2mixture, refining agent accounts for 6.0% of alloy melt gross weight.
Weigh up the corresponding ingot metal of total amount 50Kg and master alloy by mentioned component, and load weighted ingot metal and master alloy to be put into temperature be the preheating that 150 DEG C of baking ovens carry out 2h;
First preheated Mg ingot and Mg-25 (or 50) %Y master alloy being put into preheating temperature is that the smelting furnace of 700 DEG C melts, need in melting process to pass into shielding gas and insulating covering agent, after above-mentioned raw materials fusing, adopt agitator alloy liquid to stir 5min, remove the slag on aluminium alloy surface and spread insulating covering agent protected in its surface;
Melt temperature in smelting furnace is risen to 730 DEG C, adds metal Bi, stir after master alloy melts completely, after aluminium alloy is warming up to 780 DEG C further, add Mg-Zr and Zn-Nb master alloy in batches, and fully stir; Aluminium alloy temperature is down to 730 DEG C and adds pure Cd and pure Zn, after pure Cd and pure Zn melts completely, Ar gas and solvent alloy liquid is adopted to carry out refining treatment, melt carries out the cunning semicontinuous casting of low frequency electromagnetic through stirring and leaving standstill 50min 710 DEG C of insulations after skimming, and is protected in castingprocesses with shielding gas; Casting technique system is: electromagnetic field frequency is 30Hz, and magneticstrength is 20mT, and casting speed is 80mm/min, and cooling water inflow is 100L/min, and crystallizer is wrought aluminium cover crystallizer, obtains the ingot blank that diameter is 165mm;
By the ingot blank of preparation, the resistance-type process furnace put into recirculating air carries out two-step homogenization process, and Homogenization Treatments system is: after 350 DEG C of insulation 5h, be warming up to 520 DEG C of insulation 10h;
Ingot blank after homogenizing is carried out surperficial turning, and the ingot blank added by car is put into process furnace and is heated to 380 DEG C of insulation 5h and puts into indirect extrusion machine and extrude, and container temperature is 350 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 20: 1, and extrusion speed is 2m/min.Carry out two-stage time effect process to the bar that extruding obtains, its process system is: after 150 DEG C of insulation 5h, be warming up to 200 DEG C of insulation 35h, air cooling.Be processed into standard tensile specimen to the bar of above-mentioned preparation according to national standard, Instron8032 drawing machine carries out room temperature tensile, draw speed is 2mm/min.
The present embodiment obtains Alloy At Room Temperature tensile property: tensile strength is 430MPa, and yield strength is 375MPa, and unit elongation is 9%.
Embodiment 2:
The composition (mass percent) of alloy is: Cd content is 15.0%, Bi content be 3.0%, Zn content is 5.0%, Y content is 11.0%, Zr content be 0.6%, Nb content is 0.5%, it is surplus that the total amount of impurity element S i, Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, Mg.Insulating covering agent each component used in alloy melting process in the present embodiment and weight part thereof are 7.5 grams of sulphur, 450 grams of diatomite, 247 grams of boric acid, silicon sol 45 grams, and insulating covering agent accounts for 1.5% of alloy melt gross weight; Refining agent each component and mass percent thereof are 500 grams of CaCl
2, 1250 grams of KCl, 125 grams of CaF
2, 625 grams of BaCl
2mixture, refining agent accounts for 5.0% of alloy melt gross weight.
Weigh up the corresponding ingot metal of total amount 50Kg and master alloy by mentioned component, and load weighted ingot metal and master alloy to be put into temperature be the preheating that 150 DEG C of baking ovens carry out 2h;
First preheated Mg ingot and Mg-25 (or 50) %Y master alloy being put into preheating temperature is that the smelting furnace of 730 DEG C melts, need in melting process to pass into shielding gas and insulating covering agent, after above-mentioned raw materials fusing, adopt agitator alloy liquid to stir 10min, remove the slag on aluminium alloy surface and spread insulating covering agent protected in its surface;
Melt temperature in smelting furnace is risen to 740 DEG C, adds metal Bi, stir after master alloy melts completely, after aluminium alloy is warming up to 790 DEG C further, add Mg-Zr and Zn-Nb master alloy in batches, and fully stir; Aluminium alloy temperature is down to 720 DEG C and adds pure Cd and pure Zn, after pure Cd and pure Zn melts completely, Ar gas and solvent alloy liquid is adopted to carry out refining treatment, melt carries out the cunning semicontinuous casting of low frequency electromagnetic through stirring and leaving standstill 50min 700 DEG C of insulations after skimming, and is protected in castingprocesses with shielding gas; Casting technique system is: electromagnetic field frequency is 30Hz, and magneticstrength is 25mT, and casting speed is 70mm/min, and cooling water inflow is 90L/min, and crystallizer is wrought aluminium cover crystallizer, obtains the ingot blank that diameter is 172mm;
By the ingot blank of preparation, the resistance-type process furnace put into recirculating air carries out two-step homogenization process, and Homogenization Treatments system is: after 350 DEG C of insulation 8h, be warming up to 510 DEG C of insulation 12h;
Ingot blank after homogenizing is carried out surperficial turning, and the ingot blank added by car is put into process furnace and is heated to 340 DEG C of insulation 8h and puts into indirect extrusion machine and extrude, and container temperature is 320 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 40: 1, and extrusion speed is 1m/min.Carry out two-stage time effect process to the bar that extruding obtains, its process system is: after 120 DEG C of insulation 6h, be warming up to 200 DEG C of insulation 30h, air cooling.Be processed into standard tensile specimen to the bar of above-mentioned preparation according to national standard, Instron8032 drawing machine carries out room temperature tensile, draw speed is 2mm/min.
The present embodiment obtains Alloy At Room Temperature tensile property: tensile strength is 410MPa, and yield strength is 350MPa, and unit elongation is 8%.
Embodiment 3:
The composition (mass percent) of alloy is: Cd content is 1.0%, Bi content be 2.0%, Zn content is 7.0%, Y content is 15.0%, Zr content be 0.8%, Nb content is 1.2%, it is surplus that the total amount of impurity element S i, Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, Mg.Insulating covering agent each component used in alloy melting process in the present embodiment and weight part thereof are 4 grams of sulphur, 225 grams of diatomite, 200 grams of boric acid, silicon sol 71 grams, and insulating covering agent accounts for 1.0% of alloy melt gross weight; Refining agent each component and mass percent thereof are 750 grams of CaCl
2, 1350 grams of KCl, 150 grams of CaF
2, 750 grams of BaCl
2mixture, refining agent accounts for 6.0% of alloy melt gross weight.
Weigh up the corresponding ingot metal of total amount 50Kg and master alloy by mentioned component, and load weighted ingot metal and master alloy to be put into temperature be the preheating that 200 DEG C of baking ovens carry out 3h;
First preheated Mg ingot and Mg-25 (or 50) %Y master alloy being put into preheating temperature is that the smelting furnace of 750 DEG C melts, need in melting process to pass into shielding gas and insulating covering agent, after above-mentioned raw materials fusing, adopt agitator alloy liquid to stir 10min, remove the slag on aluminium alloy surface and spread insulating covering agent protected in its surface;
Melt temperature in smelting furnace is risen to 720 DEG C, adds metal Bi, stir after master alloy melts completely, after aluminium alloy is warming up to 800 DEG C further, add Mg-Zr and Zn-Nb master alloy in batches, and fully stir; Aluminium alloy temperature is down to 720 DEG C and adds pure Cd and pure Zn, after pure Cd and pure Zn melts completely, Ar gas and solvent alloy liquid is adopted to carry out refining treatment, melt carries out the cunning semicontinuous casting of low frequency electromagnetic through stirring and leaving standstill 50min 700 DEG C of insulations after skimming, and is protected in castingprocesses with shielding gas; Casting technique system is: electromagnetic field frequency is 20Hz, and magneticstrength is 30mT, and casting speed is 60mm/min, and cooling water inflow is 70L/min, and crystallizer is wrought aluminium cover crystallizer, obtains the ingot blank that diameter is 200mm;
By the ingot blank of preparation, the resistance-type process furnace put into recirculating air carries out two-step homogenization process, and Homogenization Treatments system is: after 380 DEG C of insulation 6h, be warming up to 530 DEG C of insulation 15h;
Ingot blank after homogenizing is carried out surperficial turning, and the ingot blank added by car is put into process furnace and is heated to 400 DEG C of insulation 10h and puts into indirect extrusion machine and extrude, and container temperature is 380 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 50: 1, and extrusion speed is 1.5m/min.Carry out two-stage time effect process to the bar that extruding obtains, its process system is: after 160 DEG C of insulation 3h, be warming up to 220 DEG C of insulation 30h, air cooling.Be processed into standard tensile specimen to the bar of above-mentioned preparation according to national standard, Instron8032 drawing machine carries out room temperature tensile, draw speed is 2mm/min.
Alloy that the present embodiment obtains records gained alloy through X diffraction experiment and belongs to hexagonal system, and unit cell parameters is a=311.87pm, b=310.65pm, c=506.81pm, α=90 °, β=90 °, γ=120 °.
The present embodiment obtains Alloy At Room Temperature tensile property: tensile strength is 450MPa, and yield strength is 380MPa, and unit elongation is 10%.
Embodiment 4:
The composition (mass percent) of alloy is: Cd content is 1.0%, Bi content be 10.0%, Zn content is 13.0%, Y content is 7.0%, Zr content be 1.0%, Nb content is 2.0%, it is surplus that the total amount of impurity element S i, Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, Mg.Insulating covering agent each component used in alloy melting process in the present embodiment and weight part thereof are 7.5 grams of sulphur, 450 grams of diatomite, 225 grams of boric acid, aluminum phosphate 67.5 grams, and insulating covering agent accounts for 1.5% of alloy melt gross weight; Refining agent each component and mass percent thereof are 750 grams of CaCl
2, 1000 grams of KCl, 125 grams of CaF
2, 625 grams of BaCl
2mixture, refining agent accounts for 5.0% of alloy melt gross weight.
Weigh up the corresponding ingot metal of total amount 50Kg and master alloy by mentioned component, and load weighted ingot metal and master alloy to be put into temperature be the preheating that 180 DEG C of baking ovens carry out 2.5h;
First preheated Mg ingot and Mg-25 (or 50) %Y master alloy being put into preheating temperature is that the smelting furnace of 750 DEG C melts, need in melting process to pass into shielding gas and insulating covering agent, after above-mentioned raw materials fusing, adopt agitator alloy liquid to stir 8min, remove the slag on aluminium alloy surface and spread insulating covering agent protected in its surface;
Melt temperature in smelting furnace is risen to 750 DEG C, adds metal Bi, stir after master alloy melts completely, after aluminium alloy is warming up to 780 DEG C further, add Mg-Zr and Zn-Nb master alloy in batches, and fully stir; Aluminium alloy temperature is down to 730 DEG C and adds pure Cd and pure Zn, after pure Cd and pure Zn melts completely, Ar gas and solvent alloy liquid is adopted to carry out refining treatment, melt carries out the cunning semicontinuous casting of low frequency electromagnetic through stirring and leaving standstill 60min 710 DEG C of insulations after skimming, and is protected in castingprocesses with shielding gas; Casting technique system is: electromagnetic field frequency is 25Hz, and magneticstrength is 22mT, and casting speed is 70mm/min, and cooling water inflow is 50L/min, and crystallizer is wrought aluminium cover crystallizer, obtains the ingot blank that diameter is 165mm;
By the ingot blank of preparation, the resistance-type process furnace put into recirculating air carries out two-step homogenization process, and Homogenization Treatments system is: after 400 DEG C of insulation 5h, be warming up to 520 DEG C of insulation 15h;
Ingot blank after homogenizing is carried out surperficial turning, and the ingot blank added by car is put into process furnace and is heated to 420 DEG C of insulation 8h and puts into indirect extrusion machine and extrude, and container temperature is 400 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 20: 1, and extrusion speed is 5m/min.Carry out two-stage time effect process to the bar that extruding obtains, its process system is: after 120 DEG C of insulation 8h, be warming up to 200 DEG C of insulation 80h, air cooling.Be processed into standard tensile specimen to the bar of above-mentioned preparation according to national standard, Instron8032 drawing machine carries out room temperature tensile, draw speed is 2mm/min.
Alloy that the present embodiment obtains records gained alloy through X diffraction experiment and belongs to hexagonal system, and unit cell parameters is a=325.26pm, b=326.23pm, c=486.61pm, α=90 °, β=90 °, γ=120 °.
The present embodiment obtains Alloy At Room Temperature tensile property: tensile strength is 450MPa, and yield strength is 373MPa, and unit elongation is 9%.
Embodiment 5:
The composition (mass percent) of alloy is: Cd content is 4.0%, Bi content be 3.0%, Zn content is 7.0%, Y content is 11.0%, Zr content be 0.4%, Nb content is 0.3%, it is surplus that the total amount of impurity element S i, Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, Mg.Insulating covering agent each component used in alloy melting process in the present embodiment and weight part thereof are 14 grams of sulphur, 840 grams of diatomite, 420 grams of boric acid, silicon sol 126 grams, and insulating covering agent accounts for 2.0% of alloy melt gross weight; Refining agent each component and mass percent thereof are 1400 grams of CaCl
2, 2520 grams of KCl, 280 grams of CaF
2, 1400 grams of BaCl
2mixture, refining agent accounts for 8.0% of alloy melt gross weight.
Weigh up the corresponding ingot metal of total amount 70Kg and master alloy by mentioned component, and load weighted ingot metal and master alloy to be put into temperature be the preheating that 150 DEG C of baking ovens carry out 3h;
First preheated Mg ingot and Mg-25 (or 50) %Y master alloy being put into preheating temperature is that the smelting furnace of 740 DEG C melts, need in melting process to pass into shielding gas and insulating covering agent, after above-mentioned raw materials fusing, adopt agitator alloy liquid to stir 8min, remove the slag on aluminium alloy surface and spread insulating covering agent protected in its surface;
Melt temperature in smelting furnace is risen to 720 DEG C, adds metal Bi, stir after master alloy melts completely, after aluminium alloy is warming up to 780 DEG C further, add Mg-Zr and Zn-Nb master alloy in batches, and fully stir; Aluminium alloy temperature is down to 720 DEG C and adds pure Cd and pure Zn, after pure Cd and pure Zn melts completely, Ar gas and solvent alloy liquid is adopted to carry out refining treatment, melt carries out the cunning semicontinuous casting of low frequency electromagnetic through stirring and leaving standstill 30min 720 DEG C of insulations after skimming, and is protected in castingprocesses with shielding gas; Casting technique system is: electromagnetic field frequency is 30Hz, and magneticstrength is 20mT, and casting speed is 40mm/min, and cooling water inflow is 200L/min, and crystallizer is wrought aluminium cover crystallizer, obtains the ingot blank that diameter is 300mm;
By the ingot blank of preparation, the resistance-type process furnace put into recirculating air carries out two-step homogenization process, and Homogenization Treatments system is: after 300 DEG C of insulation 8h, be warming up to 500 DEG C of insulation 15h;
Ingot blank after homogenizing is carried out surperficial turning, and the ingot blank added by car is put into process furnace and is heated to 420 DEG C of insulation 8h and puts into indirect extrusion machine and extrude, and container temperature is 400 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 20: 1, and extrusion speed is 3m/min.Carry out two-stage time effect process to the bar that extruding obtains, its process system is: after 120 DEG C of insulation 8h, be warming up to 200 DEG C of insulation 80h, air cooling.Be processed into standard tensile specimen to the bar of above-mentioned preparation according to national standard, Instron8032 drawing machine carries out room temperature tensile, draw speed is 2mm/min.
The present embodiment obtains Alloy At Room Temperature tensile property: tensile strength is 425MPa, and yield strength is 365MPa, and unit elongation is 7%.
Embodiment 6:
The composition (mass percent) of alloy is: Cd content is 7.0%, Bi content be 8.0%, Zn content is 10.0%, Y content is 13.0%, Zr content be 0.5%, Nb content is 0.6%, it is surplus that the total amount of impurity element S i, Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, Mg.Insulating covering agent each component used in alloy melting process in the present embodiment and weight part thereof are 45 grams of sulphur, 1650 diatomite, 750 grams of boric acid, silicon sol 255 grams, and insulating covering agent accounts for 2.0% of alloy melt gross weight; Refining agent each component and mass percent thereof are 2835 grams of CaCl
2, 5250 grams of KCl, 315 grams of CaF
2, 2100 grams of BaCl
2mixture, refining agent accounts for 7.0% of alloy melt gross weight.
Weigh up the corresponding ingot metal of total amount 150Kg and master alloy by mentioned component, and load weighted ingot metal and master alloy to be put into temperature be the preheating that 180 DEG C of baking ovens carry out 2h;
First preheated Mg ingot and Mg-25 (or 50) %Y master alloy being put into preheating temperature is that the smelting furnace of 680 DEG C melts, need in melting process to pass into shielding gas and insulating covering agent, after above-mentioned raw materials fusing, adopt agitator alloy liquid to stir 10min, remove the slag on aluminium alloy surface and spread insulating covering agent protected in its surface;
Melt temperature in smelting furnace is risen to 750 DEG C, adds metal Bi, stir after master alloy melts completely, after aluminium alloy is warming up to 800 DEG C further, add Mg-Zr and Zn-Nb master alloy in batches, and fully stir; Aluminium alloy temperature is down to 740 DEG C and adds pure Cd and pure Zn, after pure Cd and pure Zn melts completely, Ar gas and solvent alloy liquid is adopted to carry out refining treatment, melt carries out the cunning semicontinuous casting of low frequency electromagnetic through stirring and leaving standstill 60min 700 DEG C of insulations after skimming, and is protected in castingprocesses with shielding gas; Casting technique system is: electromagnetic field frequency is 15Hz, and magneticstrength is 30mT, and casting speed is 20mm/min, and cooling water inflow is 400L/min, and crystallizer is wrought aluminium cover crystallizer, obtains the ingot blank that diameter is 400mm;
By the ingot blank of preparation, the resistance-type process furnace put into recirculating air carries out two-step homogenization process, and Homogenization Treatments system is: after 350 DEG C of insulation 6h, be warming up to 520 DEG C of insulation 15h;
Ingot blank after homogenizing is carried out surperficial turning, and the ingot blank added by car is put into process furnace and is heated to 420 DEG C of insulation 10h and puts into indirect extrusion machine and extrude, and container temperature is 400 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 50: 1, and extrusion speed is 1m/min.Carry out two-stage time effect process to the bar that extruding obtains, its process system is: after 160 DEG C of insulation 3h, be warming up to 220 DEG C of insulation 50h, air cooling.Be processed into standard tensile specimen to the bar of above-mentioned preparation according to national standard, Instron8032 drawing machine carries out room temperature tensile, draw speed is 2mm/min.
The present embodiment obtains Alloy At Room Temperature tensile property: tensile strength is 443MPa, and yield strength is 380MPa, and unit elongation is 8%.
Comparing embodiment 1:
The composition (mass percent) of alloy is: Zn content is 5.0%, Y content be 7.0%, Zr content is 0.6%, and it is surplus that the total amount of impurity element S i, Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, Mg.Insulating covering agent each component used in alloy melting process in the present embodiment and weight part thereof are 7.5 grams of sulphur, 675 grams of diatomite, 600 grams of boric acid, silicon sol 217.5 grams, and insulating covering agent accounts for 1.0% of alloy melt gross weight; Refining agent each component and mass percent thereof are 1800 grams of CaCl
2, 2760 grams of KCl, 240 grams of CaF
2, 1200 grams of BaCl
2mixture, refining agent accounts for 4.0% of alloy melt gross weight.
Weigh up the corresponding ingot metal of total amount 150Kg and master alloy by mentioned component, and load weighted ingot metal and master alloy to be put into temperature be the preheating that 180 DEG C of baking ovens carry out 2h.First preheated Mg ingot and Mg-25 (or 50) %Y master alloy being put into preheating temperature is that the smelting furnace of 680 DEG C melts, after above-mentioned raw materials fusing, adopt agitator alloy liquid to stir 10min, remove the slag on aluminium alloy surface and spread insulating covering agent protected in its surface; Add Mg-Zr in batches after aluminium alloy is warming up to 800 DEG C further and fully stir; Adopt Ar gas and solvent alloy liquid to carry out refining treatment, melt carries out the cunning semicontinuous casting of low frequency electromagnetic through stirring and leaving standstill 60min 720 DEG C of insulations after skimming, and is protected in castingprocesses with shielding gas; Casting technique system is: electromagnetic field frequency is 15Hz, and magneticstrength is 30mT, and casting speed is 20mm/min, and cooling water inflow is 400L/min, and crystallizer is wrought aluminium cover crystallizer, obtains the ingot blank that diameter is 400mm.By the ingot blank of preparation, the resistance-type process furnace put into recirculating air carries out two-step homogenization process, and Homogenization Treatments system is: after 350 DEG C of insulation 6h, be warming up to 520 DEG C of insulation 15h; Ingot blank after homogenizing is carried out surperficial turning, and the ingot blank added by car is put into process furnace and is heated to 420 DEG C of insulation 10h and puts into indirect extrusion machine and extrude, and container temperature is 400 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 50: 1, and extrusion speed is 1m/min.Carry out two-stage time effect process to the bar that extruding obtains, its process system is: after 150 DEG C of insulation 3h, be warming up to 220 DEG C of insulation 30h, air cooling.Be processed into standard tensile specimen to the bar of above-mentioned preparation according to national standard, Instron8032 drawing machine carries out room temperature tensile, draw speed is 2mm/min.
The present embodiment obtains Alloy At Room Temperature tensile property: tensile strength is 323MPa, and yield strength is 220MPa, and unit elongation is 13%.
Comparing embodiment 2:
The composition (mass percent) of alloy is: it is surplus that the total amount of Zn content is 7.0%, Y content to be 10.0%, Zr content be 0.6% impurity element S i, Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, Mg.Insulating covering agent each component used in alloy melting process in the present embodiment and weight part thereof are 10 grams of sulphur, 600 grams of diatomite, 300 grams of boric acid, aluminum phosphate 90 grams, and insulating covering agent accounts for 2.0% of alloy melt gross weight; Refining agent each component and mass percent thereof are 750 grams of CaCl
2, 1350 grams of KCl, 150 grams of CaF
2, 750 grams of BaCl
2mixture, refining agent accounts for 6.0% of alloy melt gross weight.
Weigh up the corresponding ingot metal of total amount 50Kg and master alloy by mentioned component, and load weighted ingot metal and master alloy to be put into temperature be the preheating that 200 DEG C of baking ovens carry out 2h.First preheated Mg ingot and Mg-25 (or 50) %Y master alloy being put into preheating temperature is that the smelting furnace of 700 DEG C melts, after above-mentioned raw materials fusing, adopt agitator alloy liquid to stir 10min, remove the slag on aluminium alloy surface and spread insulating covering agent protected in its surface; Add Mg-Zr in batches after aluminium alloy is warming up to 780 DEG C further and fully stir; Adopt Ar gas and solvent alloy liquid to carry out refining treatment, melt carries out the cunning semicontinuous casting of low frequency electromagnetic through stirring and leaving standstill 50min 740 DEG C of insulations after skimming, and is protected in castingprocesses with shielding gas; Casting technique system is: electromagnetic field frequency is 20Hz, and magneticstrength is 28mT, and casting speed is 60mm/min, and cooling water inflow is 70L/min, and crystallizer is wrought aluminium cover crystallizer, obtains the ingot blank that diameter is 172mm.By the ingot blank of preparation, the resistance-type process furnace put into recirculating air carries out two-step homogenization process, and Homogenization Treatments system is: after 350 DEG C of insulation 5h, be warming up to 510 DEG C of insulation 12h; Ingot blank after homogenizing is carried out surperficial turning, and the ingot blank added by car is put into process furnace and is heated to 430 DEG C of insulation 8h and puts into indirect extrusion machine and extrude, and container temperature is 400 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 30: 1, and extrusion speed is 3m/min.Carry out two-stage time effect process to the bar that extruding obtains, its process system is: after 160 DEG C of insulation 3h, be warming up to 220 DEG C of insulation 30h, air cooling.Be processed into standard tensile specimen to the bar of above-mentioned preparation according to national standard, Instron8032 drawing machine carries out room temperature tensile, draw speed is 1mm/min.
The present embodiment obtains Alloy At Room Temperature tensile property: tensile strength is 358MPa, and yield strength is 263MPa, and unit elongation is 6.0%.
Performance comparision:
| Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Unit elongation (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 430 | 375 | 9 |
| Embodiment 2 | 410 | 350 | 8 |
| Embodiment 3 | 450 | 380 | 10 |
| Embodiment 4 | 450 | 373 | 9 |
| Embodiment 5 | 425 | 365 | 7 |
| Embodiment 6 | 443 | 380 | 8 |
| Comparing embodiment 1 | 323 | 220 | 13 |
| Comparing embodiment 2 | 358 | 263 | 6 |
As can be seen from the above table, after the Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy of the application with the addition of Cd, Bi and Nb, no matter in tensile strength, or all have significant advantage in yield strength, it has excellent unit elongation simultaneously.
Claims (7)
1. a high-strength magnesium alloy, it is characterized in that in alloy, each component and mass percent thereof are: the Cd of 1.0 ~ 15.0%, the Bi of 2.0 ~ 10.0%, the Zn of 5.0% ~ 13.0%, the Y of 7.0% ~ 15.0%, the Zr of 0.4 ~ 1.0%, the Nb of 0.1 ~ 5.0%, the total amount of impurity element S i, Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, and surplus is Mg.
2. high-strength magnesium alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in alloy, each component and mass percent thereof are: Cd content is 1.0%, Bi content is 2.0%, Zn content is 7.0%, Y content is 15.0%, Zr content be 0.8%, Nb content is 1.2%, it is surplus that the total amount of impurity element S i, Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, Mg.
3. high-strength magnesium alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in alloy, each component and mass percent thereof are: Cd content is 1.0%, Bi content is 10.0%, Zn content is 13.0%, Y content is 7.0%, Zr content be 1.0%, Nb content is 2.0%, it is surplus that the total amount of impurity element S i, Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, Mg.
4. a preparation method for high-strength magnesium alloy described in claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
One, Mg, Cd, Bi, Zn, Y, Nb and Zr are pressed ingredient composition according to claim 1, wherein Mg, Cd, Bi and Zn add with the form of technical pure Mg, pure Cd, pure Bi, pure Zn, and Y, Nb and Zr add with the form of Mg-25wt.%Y, Zn-30%Nb and Mg-30wt.%Zr master alloy respectively;
Two, described raw material is placed in baking oven respectively and carries out preheating, preheating temperature is 150 ~ 200 DEG C, and warm up time is 2 ~ 3h;
Three, smelting furnace is warming up to 650 ~ 750 DEG C, pure Mg and the Mg-Y master alloy of preheating is put into smelting furnace melt, need in melting process to pass into shielding gas and insulating covering agent is protected, after above-mentioned raw materials all melts, adopt agitator alloy liquid to stir 5 ~ 10min and make its Homogeneous phase mixing, then remove the slag on aluminium alloy surface;
Four, above-mentioned aluminium alloy is warming up to 720 ~ 750 DEG C and adds metal Bi, stir after master alloy melts completely, add Mg-Zr and Zn-Nb master alloy in batches after aluminium alloy is warming up to 780 ~ 800 DEG C further, and fully stir; Aluminium alloy temperature is down to 720 ~ 740 DEG C and adds pure Cd and pure Zn, after pure Cd and pure Zn melts completely; Adopt Ar gas and solvent alloy liquid to carry out refining treatment, melt is cast through stirring and leaving standstill 30 ~ 60min 700 ~ 720 DEG C of insulations after skimming;
Five, carry out two-step homogenization process to the resistance-type process furnace that the ingot blank cast in step 4 is put into recirculating air, Homogenization Treatments system is: after 350 ~ 400 DEG C of insulation 5 ~ 8h, be warming up to 500 ~ 530 DEG C of insulation 10 ~ 15h;
Six, surperficial turning is carried out to the ingot blank after homogenizing in step 5, ingot blank diameter and length are worked into and match with extrusion machine internal diameter of the container and length; The ingot blank processed is put into process furnace and is heated to 340 ~ 420 DEG C, insulation 5 ~ 10h;
Seven, extrude the container that the ingot blank heated in step 6 puts into prior preheating, extrusion speed is 1.0 ~ 5.0m/min, and container preheating temperature is 320 ~ 400 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 10 ~ 50: 1, obtains extruded bars;
Eight, carry out two-stage time effect process to the extruded bars that step 7 obtains, its process system is: after 120 ~ 160 DEG C of insulation 3 ~ 8h, be warming up to 180 ~ 220 DEG C of insulation 30 ~ 80h, air cooling, obtained high-strength magnesium alloy material.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that the casting in described step 4 adopts the cunning semi-continuous casting method of low frequency electromagnetic, casting technique system is: electromagnetic field frequency is 15 ~ 30Hz, magneticstrength is 15 ~ 30mT, casting speed is 20 ~ 80mm/min, cooling water inflow is 50 ~ 400L/min, and crystallizer is wrought aluminium cover crystallizer.
6. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that described shielding gas is SF
6+ CO
2+ Ar mixed gas, SF
6: CO
2: Ar volume ratio is 0.5: 40: 50.
7. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that the magnesium alloy mechanical property index of described preparation is as follows: tensile strength is 410 ~ 450MPa, yield strength is 350 ~ 380MPa, and unit elongation is for being greater than 6%.
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| CN104073726B (en) * | 2014-06-21 | 2016-07-06 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of preparation method of the alloy material for gear |
| CN104233032B (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2017-03-01 | 盐城市鑫洋电热材料有限公司 | A kind of magnesium base alloy of Mg Cd system enhancement mode and preparation method thereof |
| CN104233123B (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2017-05-03 | 盐城市鑫洋电热材料有限公司 | Mg-Al-Cd-Zn intensified magnesium-based alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104561714A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 淄博宏泰防腐有限公司 | Self-etching magnesium alloy ball valve for pressure measurement of underground pipeline and preparation method of self-etching magnesium alloy ball valve |
| CN105132772B (en) * | 2015-10-18 | 2017-05-17 | 河北工业大学 | Low-cost non-rare-earth type high-strength magnesium alloy and preparing method thereof |
| CN105543529B (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2017-08-25 | 贵州航天风华精密设备有限公司 | A kind of magnesium alloy composite refining method |
| CN106929724B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-08-14 | 中南大学 | AQ80M magnesium alloy Wide and Thick Slab hot extrusion techniques |
| CN109182860A (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2019-01-11 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | A kind of magnesium alloy with high strength and ductility and preparation method |
| CN109234592B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-07-14 | 河北工业大学 | Low-temperature rolled high-strength-toughness wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN111360097B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-08-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Preparation method of ultrahigh-strength magnesium alloy plate |
| CN112090978A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-12-18 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | High-toughness magnesium alloy wire and preparation process thereof |
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| US2251266A (en) * | 1938-12-16 | 1941-08-05 | Georg Von Giesche S Erben | Magnesium alloy |
| CN1616697A (en) * | 2004-11-11 | 2005-05-18 | 重庆大学 | High plasticity magnesium alloy containing rare-earth yttrium |
| CN102296221A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2011-12-28 | 中南大学 | High-ductility high-yield-strength magnesium alloy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US2251266A (en) * | 1938-12-16 | 1941-08-05 | Georg Von Giesche S Erben | Magnesium alloy |
| CN1616697A (en) * | 2004-11-11 | 2005-05-18 | 重庆大学 | High plasticity magnesium alloy containing rare-earth yttrium |
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