CN1032878C - Digital-control supercritical beam-pumping unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a numerical control supercritical oil pumping machine. A numerical control full-speed rare earth synchronous motor is uses as a power source and is matched with a numerical control adjustable inversion power supply. A sensing device on the periphery of a programmable controller is used as hardware of a control device and is matched with corresponding control software which induces an oil well to automatically erupt. The oil pumping machine runs in the condition that working conditions are randomly adjusted in a real-time way according to induced eruption procedures and parameters. The present invention ensures that the oil pumping machine is operated in the optimal state; the oil well is induced to automatically erupt; the oil pumping machine stops running until the oil pumping machine is started again when the automatic eruption is completed. Continuous and intermittent running leads energy consumption to be very low, and extends the service life of the device; in addition, pump efficiency exceeds 100%.

Description

Digital-control supercritical beam-pumping unit

The present invention relates to a kind of digital-control supercritical beam-pumping unit, just excite the nonpetroleum mining machines equipment of oil field blowing, belong to the oil exploration equipment technical field of electromechanical integration by numerical control.

The oil field lost the blowing ability gradually and enters the mechanical oil recovery stage after exploitation a period of time.Traditional mechanical oil recovery method all be according to oil production equipment intrinsic mechanical rule well liquid is risen to ground, though existing various mechanical oil recovery equip ment all has different separately structures and performance characteristic, but be subjected to the restriction of mechanized equipment self structure, under the condition of work of setting, these oil pumpers can't change the length of stroke of oil pumper at any time, also can't change or control the hoisting velocity and the number of times of oil pumper at any time, i.e. its job state of randomly changing in real time, to adapt to the complex situations of oil well, therefore, this oil pumper efficiency of pump is very low, the energy consumption height, impact load is big, and accident is many.When the oil well situation is complicated (as working in heavy oil wells), above-mentioned drawback is even more serious.In order to improve oil production, traditional mechanical oil recovery equip ment can only adopt the heavy throwing degree of depth that increases pump to solve it, and this has increased well liquid again in real work hoisting depth makes operating mode more abominable, thereby increases load, energy consumption and the fault rate of equipment.This also is traditional mechanical oil recovery equip ment energy consumption height, and the production fluid amount is difficult to the main cause of raising.For this reason, the applicant has developed " a kind of numerically controlled beam-pumping unit for thick petroleum " (patent No.: 91226006.8), this device utilizes controlled inversion source that rotating speed of motor is controlled, to change the movement velocity and the cycle of operation of swabs, and but the frequency of control inverter and voltage are after drawing together the plug operating mode by pressure sensor and position sensor measurement oil pumping, and the use programmable logic controller is regulated after judging according to predefined best operating condition automatically.Therefore, this oil pumping function adapts to the variation of various oil viscosities and water content voluntarily, makes oil well that higher productivity be arranged.But this device still adopts the crank gearing mode and uses common electric machine to drive, and energy consumption is higher, still has to continue improved necessity.

In fact, quite a few oil well is arranged, after it loses the blowing ability, as long as extraneous apply certain induce, stimulus effects, can under the condition of bringing out, encourage its blowing.If can be stabilized in this state work, the production fluid amount when reaching near this well blowing with regard to only needing to consume minimum energy.Because the situation of down-hole is extremely complicated, can above-mentioned theory is inferred can not realize it with traditional mechanical oil recovery means again, be the problem that the technician explored in oil exploration equipment field so realize encouraging blowing always.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of digital-control supercritical beam-pumping unit that can bring out the oil well blowing.

The present invention is achieved in that and includes derrick, oil pumping pit shaft, swabs, wire rope, hoist engine, motor and its counterweight, input at motor is connected to the adjustable inverter of numerical control, detection well head pressure sensor is housed at the fuel-displaced well head place of oil pumping pit shaft, differential pressure pick-up that detects the well flow quantity and the pressure sensor that detects casing pressure are housed on outlet conduit, and the output of the sensor all links to each other with the input of the industrial control unit (ICU) that the adjustable inverter of numerical control is controlled; It is characterized in that: described motor is a numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motor.

One of key problem in technology of the present invention is traditional mechanical oil recovery equip ment to be changed into adopt the numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motor (patent No.: CN91203427.0) as prime mover of numerical control Electric Traction.This motor adopts rare earth permanent-magnetic material to make rotor, and volume is little, and power is big, the overload superior performance, can be under the numerical control situation to its output speed, turn to, moment of torsion and stroke adjust in real time and reach the optimum optimization operation of variable parameter operation.And these functions of its operational factor of real time altering at random, it is big just in time to adapt to depths, stratum geological condition difference, the complex situations that parameters such as the oil storage degree of depth, oil viscosity, water content differ, can fundamentally change traditional oil recovery machiner and can only finish the stiff job status of the high consumption of poor efficiency of fixedly oil extraction operation circulation, provide the hardware assurance for bringing out the oil well blowing according to the changeless characteristics of motion.Another key problem in technology of the present invention is a software measure: by the real-time control routine of software engineer according to the induced flow condition establishment numerically controlled beam-pumping unit of oil well, be placed in the CPU in the industrial control unit (ICU) 9, and according to sensor 10,11,12 detected parameters, whether analysis reaches the best is brought out condition, adjust the job parameter that changes whole oil production equipment in real time according to induced flow program and parameter simultaneously, guarantee that it is in the optimum condition operation, after entering the optimum state operation, promptly realized entering the condition of bringing out of accurate blowing state, keep this state work, oil well is worked under accurate blowing state.The oil well that has is after reaching optimum state, and oil pumper is out of service still can be stabilized in this state, and the continuous firing quite a long time, at this moment we can say to have entered blowing.When this stable blowing state will finish, the variation meeting of relevant parameter made oil pumper start once more by program automatically, and adjusted operating mode gradually and enter again and bring out blowing.Make oil pumper continuous gap operation so repeatedly, can make its energy consumption very low, equipment operation expense is also quite low.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and performance, specifically introduce the present invention.

Fig. 1 is that structure of the present invention is formed schematic diagram.

Structure of the present invention is formed as shown in Figure 1, it includes derrick 1, oil pumping pit shaft 2, swabs 3, wire rope 4, hoist engine 5, motor 5 and counterweight 7, described motor 6 is numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motors, input at motor 6 is connected to the adjustable inverter 8 of numerical control, detection well head pressure sensor 10 is housed at the fuel-displaced well head place of oil pumping pit shaft 2, differential pressure pick-up 11 that detects well flow quantity (being output) and the pressure sensor 12 that detects sleeve pipe are housed, these sensors 10 on outlet conduit, 11,12 output all with the industrial control unit (ICU) 9 that the adjustable inverter of numerical control is controlled.

It has been the effect of bringing out blowing that hardware unit of the present invention is in operation, and its composition and numerically controlled beam-pumping unit are akin.And " blowing " energy that well liquid rises to well head well liquid (the three-phase mixture of Oil, Water, Gas) that is integrated application from the physics potential that in the stratum, is gathered, encouraged to bring out by the controlled motion of numerically controlled beam-pumping unit again to make it rare under proper condition putting and produce.So numerically controlled beam-pumping unit only provides the energy of the condition of bringing out, power consumption is few.Again because down-hole liquid sprays well head certainly under exciting, the effect of down-hole pump is a kind of motivator and condition, in fact and not according to the classical law of reciprocating pump move, its peculair motion form forms blowing power with regard to making gas component in the down-hole liquid can surpass in covert condition temporarily enters oil pumper with liquid phase state the pump barrel, its actual displacement can exceed the theoretical displacement of oil well pump like this, and the present invention that Here it is is called the cause of " overcritical ".It is impossible that traditional positive displacement pump, its pump efficiency reach 100%, also is its theoretic critical limit, and pump efficiency of the present invention surpasses 100%, also is overcritical.Really, do not depend merely on the effect of pump here, but, make oil well enter accurate blowing and realize by after bringing out the blowing condition.The production fluid amount increases 0.5-5 doubly so the present invention can enable loss-rate tradition order of magnitude of oil recovery machiner minimizing.

Novel concept of the present invention is different with traditional mechanical oil recovery notion, but it has been feasible by fact proved of the engineering verification at scene.On the numerically controlled beam-pumping unit of certain field test operation, carried out actual tests, 70 millimeters in the pump footpath of this well, 1200 meters of pump setting depths, the actual measurement discharge capacity is 128 cubic metres/day, its power consumption is 1.62 kilowatts/hour.Its power consumption reduces an order of magnitude than conventional pumping unit, and the theoretical displacement that calculates according to the configuration and the running status of this well is 70 cubic metres/day.Results measured once made expert on the scene feel confused, and thought that this to surmount phenomenon unintelligible, analyzed on inspection, and instrument and metering are intact, and the result is correct, is to bring out to have produced due to the blowing so produce this supercritical phenomenon.

In a word; the present invention is a kind of intelligent oil pumping machine that can change its job state according to the various stochastic parameters of oil well automatically; peripheral sensor that it is subsidiary and programmable logic controller constitute a closed-loop control system, and autostop is realized intermittent operation after reaching blowing.It is newborn that this novel oil production device will make the discarded high-water-cut oil-producing well of a part obtain, and it adopts the oil field of mechanical oil recovery to have application prospect especially to the many of China because lose the blowing ability.

The numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motor that the present invention uses, the novel universal equipment that adjustable inverter is electromechanical integration, the former produces in the trial-production of existing factory, it is the patent of CN90202757 or CN90203323 that the latter can select the patent No. for use, also can select the G7 series inverter of Japanese fuji company for use, need not specially reequip.Industrial control unit (ICU) can be general industry process controller or industrial control computer.Then need to work out the adaptive program software that brings out separately as for software of the present invention, so exclude within the protection domain according to every mouthful of oil well in each oil field.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of digital-control supercritical beam-pumping unit, include derrick, oil pumping pit shaft, swabs, wire rope, hoist engine, motor and its counterweight, input at motor is connected to the adjustable inverter of numerical control, detection well head pressure sensor is housed at the fuel-displaced well head place of oil pumping pit shaft, differential pressure pick-up that detects the well flow quantity and the pressure sensor that detects casing pressure are housed on outlet conduit, and the output of the sensor all links to each other with the input of the industrial control unit (ICU) that the adjustable inverter of numerical control is controlled; It is characterized in that: described motor is a numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motor.

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