CN103286253A - Special-shaped deep-cavity hot-forging precision coupler knuckle die and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Special-shaped deep-cavity hot-forging precision coupler knuckle die and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103286253A CN103286253A CN2013102084952A CN201310208495A CN103286253A CN 103286253 A CN103286253 A CN 103286253A CN 2013102084952 A CN2013102084952 A CN 2013102084952A CN 201310208495 A CN201310208495 A CN 201310208495A CN 103286253 A CN103286253 A CN 103286253A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special-shaped deep-cavity hot-forging precision coupler knuckle die comprising an upper die and a lower die. Templates of the upper die and the lower die are both cuboids and flexibly connected, cavities of the upper die and the lower die are in the same shape and size, the cavities and a coupler knuckle are of the same shape, and the cavities are positioned at the centers of the templates. Each cavity is formed by enclosing of a plurality of circular arc sections and linear sections so as to form the shape of the coupler knuckle. The invention further discloses a processing method of the die. The processing method includes the specific steps of (1) forging, (2) planer milling, (3) drilling, (4) numeric control milling, (5) heat treatment, (6) finish milling, (7) polishing to remove burrs and sharp corners, and (8) assembling, die assembly, debugging, packaging and acceptance inspection. The die substitutes for an original casting die and a casting process, quality defects of existing coupler knuckle castings are overcome, and accordingly production efficiency and overall performance of processed coupler knuckles are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to forging mold, be mainly used in forging a kind of mould that processes the used hook tongue of railroad train.
Background technology
The most of casting mould that uses of the production of hook tongue is at present processed, and comprises the disappearance mould, sand mo(u)ld etc.Many relevant researchs also are centered around the aspects such as optimization of casting technique always.As " casting " the 8th phase in 2011 literary composition " casting technique simulation and the optimization of car coupler knuckle " [middle figure classification number: TP391.9 TG24 Document code: B reference number of a document: 1011-4977 (2011) 08-0765-04] is arranged, this article is just pointed out: " on former technology basis, adopt ProCAST casting simulation softward that the hook tongue is filled type to No. 16 car coupler knuckles and process of setting has carried out numerical simulation; predicted foundry goods sand washing, slag inclusion, shrinkage cavity loose may produce the position; on this basis, original technology is improved and is optimized." this piece article comes from " Central China University of Science and Technology's material forming and Tool and Die Technology National Key Laboratory ".As can be seen, this research is the improvement at existing casting technique, and processing method does not obtain changing, and is to utilize casting mould crotchet in next life tongue.But the mechanical property of the hook tongue that processes of casting is not ideal enough, and the sand washing of ubiquity foundry goods, slag inclusion, shrinkage cavity is loose, tensile property is low, and extension strength is low, service life not high defective.
Also there is at present part Study person to begin forging the research of hook tongue forming technology and numerical simulation of optimum, and draw by forging the result of study that alternative Foundry Production is forged the hook tongue, but the research aspect hook tongue forging mold is not deeply, more is the performance that this product of hook tongue is forged in research.There is a literary composition " railway freight-car forges hook tongue forming technology and numerical simulation of optimum " " FMT " the 37th the 3rd phase of volume as in June, 2012 publication, what this article was mainly introduced is the analysis of forging processing technology and and the distortion situation stressed to forging hook tongue forging process of hook tongue, and draws the Forging Technology of formulating open die forging base, twice die forging and twice side cut according to the size and dimension characteristics of product.This article is pointed out based on rigid-plastic finite element method, utilize Deform-3D software to carry out three dimensional FEM simulation to forging hook tongue base and die forging process, disclosed the flowing law that forges hook tongue metal in the die forging deformation process, analyzed the defect situation of product in the distortion stressing conditions of product in twice die-forging forming process and the deformation process, provide strong foundation for optimizing Forging Technology, and by improving the qualification rate that Forging Technology has improved the hook tongue greatly.But this article is not introduced the design of forging the employed forging mold of hook tongue and inside depth of cavity and the formation thereof of production and mould, die joint choose a series of relevant researchs such as material selection.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention provides the accurate hook tongue mould of the dark die cavity forge hot of a kind of abnormity and processing method thereof, it substitutes original casting mould and casting technique, overcome the mass defect of existing hook tongue foundry goods, thereby enhanced productivity and the overall performance of the hook tongue that processes.
The accurate hook tongue of the dark die cavity forge hot of the present invention's abnormity mould, it comprises upper die and lower die, the template of patrix and the template of counterdie are cuboid, both flexibly connect, the cavity shape size of upper and lower mould is identical, and the shape of die cavity is identical with the shape of hook tongue, and die cavity is positioned at the center part of template.Wherein, die cavity is to be formed by some sections circular arcs and straight line closure, constitutes the profile of hook tongue.
The processing method of mould of the present invention, concrete steps are: (1) forges: hot work tool steel 5CrNiMo; (2) mill at gantry: mill bolster, top and bottom allowance 3mm; (3) bore: drilling machine bores hole for hoist; (4) numerical control is milled: go up machining center after the needs machined surface is programmed and rough mill, comprise die cavity, key, locating hole, discharge groove, chamfering etc., size allowance 0.5-1mm; By Pro-e software mould inside hook tongue die cavity is carried out three dimensional design, determine concrete withdrawing pattern height and die joint simultaneously; (5) heat treatment: first high tempering is about 600 degree, time is 6-8 hour, carry out the quenching about 820 degree again, the time is 8-10 hour, afterwards three tempering: twice high tempering, temperature is about 420 degree, totally 16 hours, a lonneal, temperature is about 200 degree, time is 7 hours, makes the hardness of bolster reach HRC39-44; 10-20 hour air cooling time is arranged between the double tempering; (6) finish-milling: programming afterwards upward to the needs machined surface, machining center carries out finish-milling to size; (7) reconditioning deburring and wedge angle; (8) assembling, matched moulds, debugging, packing are checked and accepted.
By the accurate hook tongue of the dark die cavity forge hot of the abnormity mould that processing method of the present invention obtains, its substitutes original casting mould and casting technique, has overcome the mass defect of existing hook tongue foundry goods, thereby enhances productivity and the overall performance of the hook tongue that processes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the part drawing of hook tongue;
Fig. 2 is the matched moulds figure of mould upper and lower mould of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of lower mold body.
The specific embodiment
The accurate hook tongue of the dark die cavity forge hot of the present invention's abnormity mould, it comprises upper die and lower die, the template 1 of patrix and the template 2 of counterdie are cuboid, both flexibly connect, the die cavity 6 shape sizes of upper and lower mould are identical, and the shape of die cavity is identical with the shape of hook tongue, and die cavity is positioned at the center part of template.Wherein, die cavity 6 is to be formed by some sections circular arcs and straight line closure, constitutes the profile of hook tongue.
The material of upper and lower mould is mould steel 5CrNiMo, and cope match-plate pattern is of a size of 850mm * 800 mm * 350mm, and lower bolster is of a size of 850mm * 800 mm * 450 mm.Be positioned at around the die cavity in that groove 7 all is set on the contact-making surface of bolster, groove is lower than die joint 3mm, and length and width are 550 mm * 500 mm, are used for discharging as blowpit.The place, four angles of upper and lower mould template is provided with respectively installs spacing hole 3, and its diameter is 52mm, hole depth 80mm.The counterdie template respectively has four holes for hoist 4 along its length, and its diameter is 30 mm, hole depth 60mm.A liftout hole 5 is arranged on the counterdie template, and diameter is 60 mm, hole depth 150mm.Four jiaos of places of upper and lower mould land area have four positive stop keys respectively, and patrix is recessed key, and counterdie is protruding key, mates during in order to matched moulds.
The processing method of mould of the present invention, concrete steps are:
(1) forges: hot work tool steel 5CrNiMo;
(2) mill at gantry: mill bolster, top and bottom allowance 3mm;
(3) bore: drilling machine bores hole for hoist;
(4) numerical control is milled: go up machining center after the needs machined surface is programmed and rough mill, comprise die cavity, key, locating hole, discharge groove, chamfering etc., size allowance 0.5-1mm; By Pro-e software mould inside hook tongue die cavity is carried out three dimensional design, determine concrete withdrawing pattern height and die joint simultaneously;
(5) heat treatment: first high tempering is about 600 degree, time is 6-8 hour, carry out the quenching about 820 degree again, the time is 8-10 hour, afterwards three tempering: twice high tempering, temperature is about 420 degree, totally 16 hours, a lonneal, temperature is about 200 degree, time is 7 hours, makes the hardness of bolster reach HRC39-44; 10-20 hour air cooling time is arranged between every double tempering;
(6) finish-milling: programming afterwards upward to the needs machined surface, machining center carries out finish-milling to size;
(7) reconditioning deburring and wedge angle;
(8) assembling, matched moulds, debugging, packing are checked and accepted.
Required process equipment has: planer-type milling machine, numerical control drilling machine, 1.5 meters machining centers, Equipment for Heating Processing (glowing furnace, oil sump), polishing machine, 5 tons of drivings, side milling head, required all kinds of NC cutting tool handle of a knife blades in the processing, fixed fastener card rod, nut-screw, lifting handle, suspender, air pump, and dismantle required all kinds of spanners.
This forging mold is selected the 5CrNiMo material for use, be used on the friction press about 8000 tons to 10000 tons, by the blank after punching press is heated up and down, produce the forging hook tongue of moulding: namely utilize metal forming machinery that forging mold is installed metal stock is exerted pressure, make it produce plastic deformation, to obtain hook tongue forging with certain mechanical performance, definite shape and size.
Forging hook tongue mould of the present invention is produced the hook tongue by the hot forging technology generations for casting technique, avoid product casting flaws such as pore, slag inclusion, sand washing, shrinkage cavity are loose to occur, improve hook tongue forging ' s block dimension precision, make and forge hook tongue mould inside forging flow lines by the forging contoured profile, thereby mechanical property and the service life of mould have been improved, hook tongue tensile strength with its production can reach 910Mpa, extension strength is promoted to 760Mpa, the product percent of pass that processes is promoted to 90%, and working (machining) efficiency has greatly improved.With respect to continuous manufacturing and the repairing of former casting mould, and the disappearance mould is disposable, and it is longer to forge hook tongue die life, and it is more convenient to process.Do not have the existence of pollutants such as waste gas waste water in the Mould Machining process.The degree of depth of lower impressions is 144mm on the mould of the present invention, is dark die cavity, and the shape of the hook tongue of producing itself is irregular.The hook tongue that mould of the present invention is produced is of a size of: long 313.75mm * wide 251.5 mm * thick 288 mm.If the concrete size difference of lower impressions on the mould can be produced the hook tongue of different size, further meet the needs of production.
Claims (8)
1. the accurate hook tongue of the dark die cavity forge hot of abnormity mould, it comprises upper die and lower die, it is characterized in that: the template (2) of the template of patrix (1) and counterdie is cuboid, both flexibly connect, the die cavity of upper and lower mould (6) shape size is identical, the shape of die cavity is identical with the shape of hook tongue, and die cavity is positioned at the center part of template.
2. mould according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: die cavity (6) is to be formed by some sections circular arcs and straight line closure, constitutes the profile of hook tongue.
3. mould according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be positioned at around the die cavity in that groove (7) all is set on the contact-making surface of bolster (1,2), groove (7) is lower than die joint 3mm.
4. mould according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the place, four angles of upper and lower mould template (1,2) is provided with respectively installs spacing hole (3).
5. mould according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: upper and lower mould template (1,2) respectively has four holes for hoist (4) along its length.
6. mould according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a liftout hole (5) is arranged on the counterdie template (2).
7. mould according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: four jiaos of places of upper and lower mould template (1,2) land area have four positive stop keys respectively, and patrix is recessed key, and counterdie is protruding key.
8. the processing method of the described mould of claim 1-7, concrete steps are:
(1) forges: hot work tool steel 5CrNiMo; (2) mill at gantry: mill bolster, top and bottom allowance 3mm; (3) bore: drilling machine bores hole for hoist; (4) numerical control is milled: go up machining center after the needs machined surface is programmed and rough mill, comprise die cavity, key, locating hole, discharge groove, chamfering etc., size allowance 0.5-1mm; By Pro-e software mould inside hook tongue die cavity is carried out three dimensional design, determine concrete withdrawing pattern height and die joint simultaneously; (5) heat treatment: first high tempering is about 600 degree, time is 6-8 hour, carry out the quenching about 820 degree again, the time is 8-10 hour, afterwards three tempering: twice high tempering, temperature is about 420 degree, totally 16 hours, a lonneal, temperature is about 200 degree, time is 7 hours, makes the hardness of bolster reach HRC39-44; 10-20 hour air cooling time is arranged between the double tempering; (6) finish-milling: programming afterwards upward to the needs machined surface, machining center carries out finish-milling to size; (7) reconditioning deburring and wedge angle; (8) assembling, matched moulds, debugging, packing are checked and accepted.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105855451A (en) * | 2016-03-12 | 2016-08-17 | 洛阳华冠齿轮股份有限公司 | Forging forming and machining technology for straight oil grooves in spherical surfaces of differential mechanism planet gears |
| CN106002127A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-10-12 | 浙江万豪模塑有限公司 | Processing method for mold cavity of mold of engine hood panel of automobile |
| CN106077380A (en) * | 2016-05-21 | 2016-11-09 | 吉林大学 | Railway vehicle truck coupler knuckle near net method for forging and molding |
| CN106808172A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-09 | 苏州明和行新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of titanium alloy component hot forming tool |
| CN107639777A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-01-30 | 厦门众翰精密工业有限公司 | A kind of die seat and its manufacturing process |
| CN108380821A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-10 | 青岛三联石墨制品有限公司 | Copper bar graphite jig and its processing method |
| CN110193705A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-03 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of LD5-CS open die forging closes the Milling Process technique of pull chamber class formation part |
| CN113969337A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-25 | 江苏裕隆锻造有限公司 | Process for reducing cracks of 50Mn18Cr5 retaining ring forging |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105855451A (en) * | 2016-03-12 | 2016-08-17 | 洛阳华冠齿轮股份有限公司 | Forging forming and machining technology for straight oil grooves in spherical surfaces of differential mechanism planet gears |
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| CN106077380A (en) * | 2016-05-21 | 2016-11-09 | 吉林大学 | Railway vehicle truck coupler knuckle near net method for forging and molding |
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| CN106002127A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-10-12 | 浙江万豪模塑有限公司 | Processing method for mold cavity of mold of engine hood panel of automobile |
| CN106808172A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-09 | 苏州明和行新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of titanium alloy component hot forming tool |
| CN107639777A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-01-30 | 厦门众翰精密工业有限公司 | A kind of die seat and its manufacturing process |
| CN108380821A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-10 | 青岛三联石墨制品有限公司 | Copper bar graphite jig and its processing method |
| CN110193705A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-03 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of LD5-CS open die forging closes the Milling Process technique of pull chamber class formation part |
| CN110193705B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2021-04-13 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Milling process of LD5-CS free forging closed-angle deep-cavity structural part |
| CN113969337A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-25 | 江苏裕隆锻造有限公司 | Process for reducing cracks of 50Mn18Cr5 retaining ring forging |
| CN113969337B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2023-01-20 | 江苏裕隆锻造有限公司 | Process for reducing cracks of 50Mn18Cr5 retaining ring forging |
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Effective date of registration: 20140305 Address after: 243141 Anhui city of Ma'anshan province Bowang District Xinshi Industrial Park Applicant after: Maanshan City Zhongye Machinery Co., Ltd. Applicant after: Qiqihar Rail Traffic Equipment Co., Ltd. Address before: 243141 Anhui city of Ma'anshan province Bowang District Xinshi Industrial Park Applicant before: Maanshan City Zhongye Machinery Co., Ltd. |
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