CN103278699A - High-sensitivity open-ended coaxial probe - Google Patents
High-sensitivity open-ended coaxial probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN103278699A CN103278699A CN2013101882870A CN201310188287A CN103278699A CN 103278699 A CN103278699 A CN 103278699A CN 2013101882870 A CN2013101882870 A CN 2013101882870A CN 201310188287 A CN201310188287 A CN 201310188287A CN 103278699 A CN103278699 A CN 103278699A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-sensitivity open-ended coaxial probe for measuring the dielectric constant of a substance under microwave frequency, belonging to the technical field of microwave measurement. The open-ended coaxial probe is a composite open-ended coaxial probe which is formed by loading an array additional structure constituted on the basis of an S-shaped left-handed material structure at the tail end of a conventional open-ended coaxial probe, i.e. the composite open-ended coaxial probe with the novel structure is constituted by using the array form consisting of the S-shaped left-handed material structure together with an open-ended coaxial line. The composite open-ended coaxial probe is used in a measuring system of the dielectric constant, so that the perception sensitivity of the entire measuring system to weak change of the dielectric constant of the dielectric can be greatly improved, thereby overcoming the defect of low perception sensitivity during the measurement of the weak change of the dielectric constant by the conventional open-ended coaxial probe; and the high-sensitivity measurement of the dielectric constant is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material parameter measurement technology under a kind of microwave frequency, particularly the highly sensitive composite terminal open circuit of measuring media material dielectric constant coaxial probe under a kind of microwave frequency belongs to the Microwave Measurement Technique field.
Background technology
Specific inductive capacity (the ε of material
r) be the important parameter of reaction electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic in material.Being used for the method for Measuring Dielectric Constant has a lot, such as terminal open circuit/short circuit current coaxial axis method, Transmission line method, free space method etc.These methods all need to use amplitude and the phase information of scattering parameter in measuring process, must accurately obtain scattering parameter when therefore measuring, and use reflection coefficient (S here
11) be used as characterizing amplitude and the phase information of scattering parameter.Described open ended coaxial wire method is the most frequently used and one of the method for effective Measuring Dielectric Constant, and the measuring accuracy of specific inductive capacity is directly influenced by the sensitivity of terminal open circuit coaxial probe, finds to be difficult to distinguish its reflection coefficient (S when using conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe Measuring Dielectric Constant
11) amplitude and the faint variation of phase value.When the specific inductive capacity of two kinds of mediums very near the time, measured reflection coefficient amplitude and phase place are also very close.Change because conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe is difficult to distinguish this fine difference of reflection coefficient, thereby cause the reflection coefficient that obtains inaccurate, the specific inductive capacity that finally obtains also can be inaccurate, thereby influenced the judgement to the material dielectric property.Finite Difference-Time Domain branch (FDTD) is to calculate a kind of numerical method that electromagnetic field distributes, and can be used for the simulation calculation of terminal open circuit coaxial probe loading structure and measuring system.Therefore, if a kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE terminal open circuit coaxial probe of loading structure can be provided, by the numerical simulation of this terminal open circuit coaxial probe loading structure and measuring system, improve the sensitivity of terminal open circuit coaxial probe in measuring system, this is task of the present invention place just.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is just in order to overcome conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe existing defective and deficiency in the measuring system of Measuring Dielectric Constant, and a kind of highly sensitive composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe of new structure simple in structure, easy to use is provided.This composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe is to adopt by loading one and be made of the array additional structure of forming based on S shape left-handed materials structure in that conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe being terminal; The array structure form that namely adopts S shape left-handed materials structure to form connects the composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe of the new structure of same open ended coaxial wire formation; Reach the sensitivity that improves composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe Measuring Dielectric Constant in measuring system.
Basic ideas of the present invention: the array structure form that adopts S shape left-handed materials cellular construction to form connects the composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe of the new structure of same open ended coaxial wire formation; Namely adopt by loading one by the additional structure of forming based on the S shape left-handed materials unit periodic resonance array of structures of left-handed materials structure in that conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe is terminal, reaching and improve the conventional terminal coaxial probe of opening a way and in measuring system, measure the low defective of sensitivity.It has utilized the left-handed materials structure that electromagnetic wave is had the amplification characteristic of " perfect focusing ", remedies conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe to the not high defective of measured medium material sensitivity.And by Finite Difference-Time Domain branch (FDTD) algorithm this composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe measuring system is carried out numerical simulation, perceptual sensitivity when its result of numerical simulation shows that this composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe structure can improve whole measuring system really greatly to the faint variation of medium specific inductive capacity generation, thereby when having remedied conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe to the faint variation of Measuring Dielectric Constant, the defective that perceptual sensitivity is low.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the technical scheme be made of following technical measures to realize.
A kind of highly sensitive composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe provided by the invention comprises conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe, it is characterized in that the array additional structure that comprises that also S shape left-handed materials structure is formed; Specifically be to load one by the additional structure of forming based on the S shape left-handed materials unit periodic resonance array of structures of left-handed materials structure at described conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe end, reach and improve the sensitivity to dielectric constant measurement in measuring system of composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe.
In the technique scheme, the array additional structure that described S shape left-handed materials structure is formed is made up of the S shape left-handed materials structural unit in front and the S shape left-handed materials structural unit of reverse side.
In the technique scheme, the S shape left-handed materials structural unit in described front is made up of several identical positive S shape left-handed materials structural units.
In the technique scheme, the S shape left-handed materials structural unit of described reverse side is made up of several identical reverse side S shape left-handed materials structural units.
In the technique scheme, the S shape left-handed materials structural unit of the S shape left-handed materials structural unit in described front and reverse side is alternately formed mutually.
A kind of highly sensitive composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe provided by the invention is used for the measuring system of Measuring Dielectric Constant, this measuring system comprises vector network analyzer, airtight metal resonator cavity, testing medium, conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe, composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe, the array loading structure that S shape left-handed materials structure is formed; Described vector network analyzer is connected with composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe by stube cable, and composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe places airtight metal resonator cavity, is placed with testing medium in the airtight metal resonator cavity.
Described conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe is used for the measuring system of Measuring Dielectric Constant, identical with above-mentioned measuring system structure and the connected mode of composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe of the present invention, just used terminal open circuit coaxial probe is conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe.
Advantage and beneficial technical effects that the present invention compared with prior art has are as follows:
The composite terminal of new structure provided by the invention open circuit coaxial probe is used for the measuring system of Measuring Dielectric Constant, in measuring system testing medium water cut, in the degree of depth of inserting testing medium all under the identical experiment condition, according to terminal open circuit coaxial probe size actual conditions and measuring system actual conditions; Adopt the FDTD numerical algorithm respectively conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe measuring system and composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe measuring system to be carried out simulation calculation.From the simulation calculation result, composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe measuring system can be come out to the specific inductive capacity of faint variation in the survey medium in very sensitive perception, its sensitivity is higher than the perceptual sensitivity of conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe far away, thus the measurement result of its specific inductive capacity more accurately, more reliable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 composite terminal open circuit of the present invention coaxial probe cross-sectional view;
The structural representation of Fig. 2 composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe of the present invention in measuring system;
Fig. 3 is the array additional structure synoptic diagram that S shape left-handed materials structure is formed;
Fig. 4 is the tow sides S shape left-handed materials structural unit synoptic diagram of Fig. 3, wherein, (a) is positive S shape left-handed materials structural unit synoptic diagram; (b) be reverse side S shape left-handed materials structural unit synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe measuring system of the present invention and the reflection coefficient of conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe measuring system under frequency 2.45GHz | S
11| the comparison of curve; Wherein (a) measures for conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe | S
11| curve; (b) measure for composite terminal of the present invention open circuit coaxial probe | S
11| curve;
Fig. 6 composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe measuring system of the present invention and the measured reflection coefficient of conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe measuring system | S
11| the maximal value of value rate of change.
Among the figure, 1 vector network analyzer, 2 airtight metal resonator cavitys, 3 testing mediums, 4 conventional terminals open circuit coaxial probe, 5 composite terminals open circuit coaxial probe, the array additional structure that 6S shape left-handed materials structure is formed, 7 positive S shape left-handed materials structural units, 8 reverse side S shape left-handed materials structural units, 9 stube cables.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but should not be understood as any restriction to protection domain of the present invention; Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various do not break away from the present invention substantial other various concrete distortion and improvement according to these technology enlightenments disclosed by the invention, and these distortion and improvement are still in protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of highly sensitive composite terminal with new structure of the present invention is opened a way the measurement structural drawing of coaxial probe in measuring system as shown in Figure 2, comprise vector network analyzer 1, airtight metal resonator cavity 2, testing medium 3, conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe 4, composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe 5, the array additional structure 6 that S shape left-handed materials structure is formed, stube cable 9.Described vector network analyzer 1 is connected with composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe 5 by stube cable 9, and composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe 5 places airtight metal resonator cavity 2, is placed with testing medium 3 in the airtight metal resonator cavity 2; The array additional structure 6 that described composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe 5 is made up of conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe 4 and S shape left-handed materials structure is formed.
The array additional structure 6 that S shape left-handed materials structure among Fig. 3 is formed is by some positive S shape left-handed materials structural units 7 and some reverse side S shape left-handed materials structural units 8 mutual forms of alternately forming.
(a) is the single positive S shape left-handed materials structural unit 7 of the array additional structure of S shape left-handed materials structure composition among Fig. 4, (b) is the single reverse side S shape left-handed materials structural unit 8 of the array additional structure of S shape left-handed materials structure composition.
Embodiment
This example is simulated whole measuring system with time domain finite difference (FDTD) numerical method, according to physical size construction Measuring System Models structure as shown in Figure 1, simulate respectively and connecting under conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe and the composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe situation Electric Field Distribution the when incoming frequency of measuring system is 2.45GHz and reflection coefficient S
11, preserve data respectively, as (a) among Fig. 5 figure with (b) shown in the figure.
In measuring system, measure the validity of sensitivity to improving conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe in order to verify highly sensitive NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE structure terminal open circuit coaxial probe of the present invention, some relevant experiment measurings have been carried out below by embodiment, obtain composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe of the present invention sensitivity to the specific inductive capacity subtle change in measuring system with this, this example uses its specific inductive capacity to be about 3 dry ground as the experiment testing medium, and the concrete operations step is as follows:
Connect each parts of measuring system according to Fig. 2 structure, testing medium 3 dry ground are put into baking oven its moisture is evaporated fully, its water cut is 0%; Place airtight metal resonator cavity 2 and compacting to guarantee that its inside does not have the space dry ground, test with conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe earlier, and preserve it and insert the measurement data that the dry ground degree of depth is respectively 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, this measurement data is read from vector network analyzer 1, extracts conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe; Replace to composite terminal of the present invention open circuit coaxial probe and test, and preserve and extract probe after it inserts the measurement data that dry ground degree of depth is respectively 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm.Again distilled water is injected dry ground and also fully stir evenly, make its water cut become 1%, test out again with conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe and insert the measurement data that the dry ground degree of depth is respectively 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, and extract this probe after preserving data; Replace to composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe again and when the insertion dry ground degree of depth is respectively 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, test, and preserve its measurement data; So circulation is measured two kinds of probes respectively respectively when inserting the dry ground degree of depth and be 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, and its dry ground water cut is respectively 2%, 3% ... the data of measuring in 9% o'clock compare.
For the low consumption medium, the variation of water percentage can cause the variation of specific inductive capacity, reflection coefficient | S
11| also can change thereupon.When therefore, in the actual test of this example, only needing relatively conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe and composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe when same insertion depth, to measure in the dry ground different water cut rate respectively | S
11| rate of change, just can obtain the sensitivity of these two kinds of terminals open circuit coaxial probes.Obtain the S of different water cut rate when the different insertion depth by vector network analyzer 1
11The amplitude data, shown in following table 1, table 2, table 3 and table 4.
S when two kinds of terminal open circuits of table 1 coaxial probe insertion dry ground degree of depth is 10mm
11The amplitude measurement data
S when two kinds of terminal open circuits of table 2 coaxial probe insertion dry ground degree of depth is 20mm
11The amplitude measurement data
S when two kinds of terminal open circuits of table 3 coaxial probe insertion dry ground degree of depth is 30mm
11The amplitude measurement data
S when two kinds of terminal open circuits of table 4 coaxial probe insertion dry ground degree of depth is 40mm
11The amplitude measurement data
From the experimental measurements of above-described embodiment, when different insertion depths were measured, composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe is measured sensitivity will be far above the conventional terminal coaxial probe of opening a way to dry ground.But the adjustment of insertion depth also can influence probe measurement sensitivity to a certain extent.For the more relatively measurement sensitivity of conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe and composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe, select the testing medium dry ground under the different water cut rate, the probe insertion depth is 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, in four groups of measurement data during 40mm | S
11| the maximal value of rate of change compares and analyzes, and each compares in the group | S
11| the maximal value of rate of change is as shown in table 5.When water cut had risen to 9% from 1%, two kinds of terminals open circuit coaxial probe recorded in the same degree of depth | S
11| the maximal value of rate of change; When water cut 1% the time, be 10mm with conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe and composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe inserting the dry ground degree of depth respectively, 20mm, 30mm measures under the situation of 40mm, choose these four groups respectively and measure when different insertion depth, | S
11| the value of rate of change maximum is data as a comparison, and in like manner drawing in water cut successively is 2%, 3% ... in the time of 9% every group the experiment in | S
11| the value of rate of change maximum, these maximal values are selected charge to table 5.
Two kinds of terminal open circuits of table 5 coaxial probe is under the different water cut rate | S
11| the maximal value of rate of change
In order further to compare the sensitivity that tradition probe and the present invention have the compound coaxial probe of additional structure intuitively, dry ground in the table 5 under the different water cut rate, is adjusted insertion depth, take out two kinds of probes and exist respectively | S
11| the maximal value of rate of change, its data are shown in Fig. 5 curve.
The present invention is by above-described embodiment, as Fig. 5 (a) with (b), with the real part of specific inductive capacity and | S
11| rate of change be linked together, from simulation result, when frequency 2.45GHz, when the real part of permittivity value changes to 3.1 and when changing to 3.2 from 3 from 3.0, for traditional terminal open circuit coaxial probe, acquisition | S
11| rate of change be respectively 0.93% and 1.23%, these two groups of numerical value are much smaller than 5%.Measurement data shows that when change in dielectric constant is very small conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe can't be distinguished | S
11| faint variation.And for composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe of the present invention, acquisition | S
11| rate of change reached 38.67% and 25.67% respectively, far above 5%; Show that when the little change of specific inductive capacity this composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe also can be distinguished easily | S
11| faint variation.
It can also be seen that from Fig. 5 traditional terminal open circuit coaxial probe is measured | S
11| rate of change is all very low, and the moisture rate of change of medium differs very little, is difficult to distinguish | S
11| subtle change, change up to water percentage and to reach 3% and could distinguish when above.And the sensitivity of conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe is unsatisfactory when water percentage is lower than 5%, but when water percentage is higher than 5%, the trend that its sensitivity increases to some extent.Exactly, have only when water percentage is higher than 5%, conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe just can show the sensitivity that is of practical significance.Yet, can find out clearly but that from Fig. 5 composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe of the present invention is measured | S
11| rate of change is all very big, and when water percentage only changed 1%, composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe still can be distinguished | S
11| subtle change.Therefore, when the change in dielectric constant of determinand was very small, the measurement sensitivity of composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe obviously will be far above the conventional terminal coaxial probe of opening a way.Experimental measurements has verified that well composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe of the present invention is based on the validity of the array additional structure design of S shape left-handed materials structure composition.Therefore, the composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe structure of the present invention's design when for the low loss dielectric specific inductive capacity faint variation taking place, can be measured its variable quantity more accurately, thereby provide sound assurance for obtaining specific inductive capacity more accurately.
Claims (5)
1. a highly sensitive composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe comprises conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe (4), it is characterized in that the array additional structure (6) that comprises that also S shape left-handed materials structure is formed; Specifically be to load one by the additional structure of forming based on the S shape left-handed materials unit periodic resonance array of structures of left-handed materials structure at described conventional terminal open circuit coaxial probe (4) end, reach and improve the sensitivity to dielectric constant measurement in measuring system of composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe.
2. composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe according to claim 1 is characterized in that the array additional structure (6) of described S shape left-handed materials structure composition is made up of the S shape left-handed materials structural unit (7) in front and the S shape left-handed materials structural unit (8) of reverse side.
3. composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe according to claim 2 is characterized in that the S shape left-handed materials structural unit (7) in described front is made up of several identical positive S shape left-handed materials structural units.
4. composite terminal open circuit coaxial probe according to claim 2 is characterized in that the S shape left-handed materials structural unit (8) of described reverse side is made up of several identical reverse side S shape left-handed materials structural units.
5. according to claim 1 or 3 or 4 described composite terminal open circuit coaxial probes, it is characterized in that the S shape left-handed materials structural unit (7) in described front and the S shape left-handed materials structural unit (8) of reverse side replace composition mutually.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN103792435A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-05-14 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Coupling component, and data measuring device and method for measuring scattering parameters |
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