CN103274378B - Electric calcination furnace and application of electric calcination furnace in preparing industrial-grade phosphoric acid - Google Patents
Electric calcination furnace and application of electric calcination furnace in preparing industrial-grade phosphoric acid Download PDFInfo
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- CN103274378B CN103274378B CN201310231848.0A CN201310231848A CN103274378B CN 103274378 B CN103274378 B CN 103274378B CN 201310231848 A CN201310231848 A CN 201310231848A CN 103274378 B CN103274378 B CN 103274378B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of production devices of industrial-grade phosphoric acid, in particular to an electric calcination furnace adopted in the process for producing industrial-grade phosphoric acid by using low-grade phosphate rock. A specific application method of the electric calcination furnace adopted in the process of preparing the industrial-grade phosphoric acid comprises the steps as follows: firstly, the temperature inside the furnace is set to be 100 DEG C, then a rotating tube is started and preheated for one hour, the temperature inside the furnace is heated to 250 DEG C, and the rotating tube is preheated for half an hour again; and materials are uniformly fed, solid materials are directly rolled into a hydrolyzing barrel, gaseous materials enter a fluorine recycling barrel from six gas collecting pipes at the top, pyrophosphoric acid and iron-aluminum oxides are solidified after the materials are calcinated, the spilt gas is hydrogen fluoride, and the temperature is controlled to be 100 DEG C during discharging. The electric calcination furnace is adopted for preparing the industrial-grade phosphoric acid and is low in energy consumption, simple in process, easy to operate, low in cost and capable of effectively saving energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE and produce equipment field, specifically a kind ofly adopt the electric-type calcining furnace adopted in low-grade phosphorus ore manufacture level phosphoric acid process.
background technology
In the prior art, the production method of PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE has two kinds, and one is thermal phosphoric acid: because more containing impurity such as iron, aluminium, calcium, magnesium in the phosphorus ore of China, select P
2o
5the phosphorus ore of mass percentage more than 27%, be heated to about 1350 DEG C by electrical heating method, produce containing the steam of P, make again with air roasting preparing phosphoric acid, more obtained phosphoric acid salt, this method power consumption is high, it is large to pollute, and is the project of progressively eliminating.Another kind is phosphoric acid by wet process: this kind of method can produce the impurity such as aluminum oxide, ferric oxide, calcium oxide, so often can generate the material of a lot of precipitation, such as AlPO
4, FePO
4etc., these precipitations have colloidal state character usually, are difficult to be used, usually select P
2o
5mass percentage be the phosphorus ore of more than 28%, add as the vitriol oil and water in reaction storage tank, the phosphoric acid of obtained lower concentration, then through concentrated, make fertilizer grade and feed-grade phosphate, then purification could obtain industrial grade phosphate, cost method of specific heat is low.China's phosphorus ore more than 60% is low-grade phosphate ore, is that will adopt wet method relieving haperacidity, must carry out washing to this part phosphorus ore could use, and adds production cost, also causes the waste of a lot of resource at most with less than 25%.Kiln method manufacture level phosphoric acid technology is not also applied in the industrial production, also has technology not have merit to break.
Calcining furnace, is a kind of for pyroprocessing, makes the energy with Sweet natural gas, oil and electricity, and for ironmaking, recovery rare metal, Catalyst Production, environmental protect, produces the equipment of extraordinary chemicals.The direct or indirect thermal source of calcinatory stove, available middle gentle high temperature processes batch material continuously, can ensure thermal source and product isolation in the course of processing.In the industrial production, the insulation of calcining furnace is very important, and has very large value.Calcining is generally used for the very little material of process, and to oxidation, burning, blast and heat sensitive material, often kind of calcining furnace is by special needs and unique specifications design, electricity consumption or Sweet natural gas can make thermal source, have hot-zone in stove, have independently control region, water cooler can make product cool before coming out of the stove.Calcining furnace be mainly used in pottery, metallurgy, chemical industry, iron and steel, etc. industry, and electric-type calcining furnace is a kind ofly utilize electric energy to carry out the Thermal Equipment of calcining naturally.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, just based on above technical problem, provides a kind of rational in infrastructure, can adopt the electric-type calcining furnace that low-grade phosphorus ore uses in manufacture phosphoric acid process.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Select low-grade phosphate ore direct production industrial phosphoric acid, in mass percentage, P
5o
2content is low-grade phosphate ore lower than the phosphorus ore of 21%, and its production technique is: low-grade phosphate ore is through pulverize-being blended into change-electric-type calcining furnace calcining-hydrolysis-filtration-purification-concentrated-PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE.In the process, electric-type calcining furnace is key equipment.
Electric-type calcining furnace, comprise intake zone, pre-add hot-zone, heating zone, flat-temperature zone and cooling area, intake zone is connected with opening for feed by screw feeder pipe, the burner hearth of electric-type calcining furnace is cylinder-like structure, the burner hearth traverse of electric-type calcining furnace on the operational platform, in the side, lower end of the burner hearth of electric-type calcining furnace, electric heating tube is set uniformly, intake zone is connected with the import of burner hearth, branch is in the burner hearth of electric-type calcining furnace successively for pre-add hot-zone, heating zone, flat-temperature zone and cooling area, and the outlet of the other end of burner hearth is connected with hydrolytic tank.This electric-type calcining furnace also comprises hydrogen fluoride and regains receiving apparatus, and hydrogen fluoride is collected arm and is connected with the cooling area in burner hearth, flat-temperature zone, heating zone and preheating zone respectively, and then gather for hydrogen fluoride collection tube, hydrogen fluoride collection tube is connected with hydrogen fluoride retrieving arrangement.
Intake zone is connected by rotatable boiler tube with burner hearth, and the rotatable boiler tube in intake zone arranges hydrogen fluoride collection tube.Boiler tube and in-out end adopt high aluminum wool maze-type structure, and each section of opposing seal of high aluminum wool maze-type structure, subtracts heat flow and loss.Hydrogen fluoride collection tube adopts hydrofluoric acid resistant and sulfuric acid and resistant to elevated temperatures material, avoids being corroded and non-refractory and breaking.Service platform lower end all adopts Steel Prop to do supporting structure, and such steel construction is more firm.The obliquity 0.5-2 degree of the body of heater of electric-type calcining furnace.
Electric-type calcining furnace is applied in the field of preparation PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE, when preparation PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE, first by Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) after just breaking, again pulverize, the Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) powder after pulverizing crosses 120 mesh sieves, and wherein the mass percentage of fluorine is about 2.1%, by mixing of materials one-tenthization: Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) powder and sulfuric acid are entered mixing agitator in proportion and stirs, after mixing, material is transported in change field and carries out into change, both mix and stir uniformly in acidolysis mixing agitator, then calcine in this calcining furnace, its calcining step is: first the grog after one-tenthization is transported to calcining furnace, first the temperature set in stove is 100 DEG C, then tube is started, within the scope of the rotating speed control 1.2-1.5rpm of tube, preheating is carried out 1 hour to tube, preheating is to make tube preheating even, keep from heat inequality, affect the work-ing life of calcining furnace, again the temperature in stove is risen to 250 DEG C, by tube preheating half an hour again, press 400kg/h uniform feeding again, reaching discharging (time of calcining) from charging controls at 1.5h-2.5h, solid-stately directly proceed to hydrolysis bucket, gaseous state enters fluorine recycling bin by 6, top gas collection tube, the tetra-sodium generated after calcining, iron-aluminium oxide solidifies, spilling gas is hydrogen fluoride, needing adds water reclaims, so just substantially remove fluorine, gaseous substance after calcining reclaims and generates silicofluoric acid after reclaiming and adding water, and solid matter enters the circular hydrolytic tank having added water and catalyzer, and stir and generate phosphoric acid, the concentration of the phosphoric acid of generation controls about 15%, filtered by material after hydrolysis, isolate liquid and solid-state, liquid dilute phosphoric acid enters reactor to carry out first time and concentrates, and concentrated temperature control is 90 DEG C, and the concentration of phosphoric acid controls 35%, again enters in storage tank after filtration, injected in reactor by phosphoric acid in storage tank, add a small amount of barium sulfate, caustic soda and carbon black, removing wherein contains a small amount of calcium, iron, aluminium, arsenic and discolors, and puts into storage tank after then filtering, phosphoric acid in storage tank is injected reactor, then heats to 110 DEG C, control ph and time, carry out second time simultaneously and concentrate, the concentration obtaining product industrial phosphoric acid after concentrated is 63%, symbiosis output 63% PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE 360 tons.Entrust to PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE finished product sampling analysis in Sichuan University's national level test, result all meets PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE standard.
Have employed the boiler tube that rotating speed is 1-3rpm, tilting furnace degree 0.5-2 degree, the obliquity of body of heater can ensure that good charging regulates and controls, and temperature control mode is that PID controls, and drive manner is that speed control by frequency variation is rotated, and is convenient to the velocity of flow of material in boiler tube adjustable.
Electric-type calcining furnace is except pedestal is Q234, other are 316L stainless material, charging adopts helical feed mode, boiler tube and in-out end adopt high aluminum wool maze-type structure, temperature control system Japanese fuji temperature controller (thermopair is signal detection, silicon controlled toggle is controlling elements, silicon controlled rectifier for performing controlling elements), constant temperature controls as the degenerative closed-loop control systems of temperature automatically: first set temperature value, the pyroelectric signal of coming is fed back by thermopair, temp controlled meter master chip compares process, is calculated adjust work output by PID.Transmission rig adopts MITSUBISHI transducer, and control machines system is Siemens's technology.
Positively effect of the present invention is embodied in:
Adopt electric-type calcining furnace to prepare PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE power consumption is low, technique is simple, easy to operate, cost is low.
If adopt hot legal system for PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE, at least need heating material to 1350
0c, need 13000 KWhs/ton, this law only needs to be heated to 290
0c needs 200 KWhs/ton, directly generates PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE, be cleaned into low, and phosphogypsum is anhydrous calciumsulphate, can directly utilize, and has effectively saved the energy after this calcining, hydrolysis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electric-type calcining furnace adopted in the present invention.
Wherein, 1---opening for feed, 2---feed zone, 3---screw feeder pipe, 4---tube, 5---preheating zone, 6---heating zone, 7---flat-temperature zone, 8---cooling area, 9---electric heating tube, 10---discharge port, 11---hydrogen fluoride collection tube
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of electric-type calcining furnace applied in preparation technology's level phosphoric acid, this calcining furnace comprises intake zone, pre-add hot-zone, heating zone, flat-temperature zone and cooling area, intake zone is connected with opening for feed by screw feeder pipe, the burner hearth of electric-type calcining furnace is cylinder-like structure, the burner hearth traverse of electric-type calcining furnace on the operational platform, in the side, lower end of the burner hearth of electric-type calcining furnace, electric heating tube is set uniformly, intake zone is connected with the import of burner hearth, pre-add hot-zone, heating zone, flat-temperature zone and cooling area are distributed in the burner hearth of electric-type calcining furnace successively, the outlet of the other end of burner hearth is connected with hydrolytic tank.This electric-type calcining furnace also comprises hydrogen fluoride and regains receiving apparatus, and hydrogen fluoride is collected arm and is connected with the cooling area in burner hearth, flat-temperature zone, heating zone and preheating zone respectively, and then gather for hydrogen fluoride collection tube, hydrogen fluoride collection tube is connected with hydrogen fluoride retrieving arrangement.Intake zone is connected by rotatable boiler tube with burner hearth, and the rotatable boiler tube in intake zone arranges hydrogen fluoride collection tube.Boiler tube and in-out end adopt high aluminum wool maze-type structure.Hydrogen fluoride collection tube adopts hydrofluoric acid resistant and sulfuric acid and resistant to elevated temperatures material.
Service platform lower end all adopts Steel Prop to do supporting structure.The obliquity 0.5-2 degree of the body of heater of electric-type calcining furnace.
The technique of preparation PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE is:
In on October 18th, 1 2011 on July 9th, 2011, we utilize Lao Gong mountain, Jinkouhe District, Leshan, Sichuan Province phosphorus ore 1260 tons containing P
2o
5the phosphorus ore manufacture phosphoric acid of 21.5%, first by Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) after just broken, again pulverize, the Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) powder after pulverizing crosses 120 mesh sieves, and wherein the mass percentage of F is about 2.1%;
(2) being mixed into: the sulfuric acid being 98% by Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) powder and concentration enters mixing agitator in proportion and stirs, after mixing, material is transported in change field and carries out into change 3h, mass ratio=the 1:0.5 of ground phosphate rock and sulfuric acid, both mix and stir uniformly in acidolysis mixing agitator, one-tenthization is in order to further acidolysis, just like this generate calcium phosphate and phosphoric acid more stable;
(3) calcine: the grog after one-tenthization is transported to calcining furnace and calcines, first set 100 DEG C, start tube, within the scope of tube rotating speed control 1.2-1.5rpm, preheating is carried out 1 hour to tube, again temperature is risen to 250 DEG C, tube preheating half an hour again, press 400kg/h uniform feeding again, reaching discharging (time of calcining) from charging controls at about 2h, solid-stately directly proceed to hydrolysis bucket, gaseous state enters fluorine recycling bin by 6, top gas collection tube, the tetra-sodium generated after calcining, iron-aluminium oxide solidifies, spilling gas is hydrogen fluoride, , needing adds water reclaims, so just substantially remove fluorine,
(4) be hydrolyzed: the gaseous substance after calcining reclaims and generates silicofluoric acid after reclaiming and adding water, and solid matter enters the circular hydrolytic tank having added water, and stir and generate phosphoric acid, the concentration of the phosphoric acid of generation controls 15%;
(5) filter: filtered by the material after hydrolysis, isolate liquid and solid-state, liquid dilute phosphoric acid enters reactor to carry out first time and concentrates, and concentrated temperature control is 90 DEG C, and the concentration of phosphoric acid controls 35%, again enters in storage tank after filtration;
(6) purify: injected in reactor by the phosphoric acid in storage tank, add a small amount of barium sulfate, caustic soda and carbon black, removing wherein contains a small amount of calcium, iron, aluminium, arsenic and discolors, and puts into storage tank after then filtering;
(7) second time is concentrated: the phosphoric acid in storage tank is injected reactor, then heats to 110 DEG C, control ph and time, and carry out second time simultaneously and concentrate, the concentration obtaining product industrial phosphoric acid after concentrated is 63%, symbiosis output 63% PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE 360 tons.Entrust to PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE finished product sampling analysis in Sichuan University's national level test, result all meets PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE standard.
Claims (8)
1. an electric-type calcining furnace, it is characterized in that: this calcining furnace comprises intake zone, pre-add hot-zone, heating zone, flat-temperature zone and cooling area, the burner hearth of electric-type calcining furnace is cylinder-like structure, intake zone is connected with opening for feed by screw feeder pipe, the burner hearth traverse of electric-type calcining furnace on the operational platform, in the side, lower end of the burner hearth of electric-type calcining furnace, electric heating tube is set uniformly, intake zone is connected with the import of burner hearth, pre-add hot-zone, heating zone, flat-temperature zone and cooling area are distributed in the burner hearth of electric-type calcining furnace successively, and the outlet of the other end of burner hearth is connected with hydrolytic tank; This electric-type calcining furnace also comprises hydrogen fluoride retrieving arrangement, and hydrogen fluoride is collected arm and is connected with the cooling area in burner hearth, flat-temperature zone, heating zone and preheating zone respectively, and then gather for hydrogen fluoride collection tube, hydrogen fluoride collection tube is connected with hydrogen fluoride retrieving arrangement; Described intake zone is connected by rotatable boiler tube with burner hearth, and the rotatable boiler tube in intake zone arranges hydrogen fluoride collection tube; Boiler tube and in-out end adopt high aluminum wool maze-type structure.
2. electric-type calcining furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described hydrogen fluoride collection tube adopts hydrofluoric acid resistant and sulfuric acid and resistant to elevated temperatures material.
3. electric-type calcining furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described service platform lower end all adopts Steel Prop to do supporting structure.
4. electric-type calcining furnace according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the obliquity 0.5-2 degree of the body of heater of described electric-type calcining furnace.
5. the application of electric-type calcining furnace according to claim 1 in preparation PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE, is characterized in that: in the technique of preparation PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE, have employed electric-type calcining furnace;
Its embody rule method is: first the temperature set in stove is 100 DEG C, then tube is started, preheating is carried out 1 hour to tube, then the temperature in stove is risen to 250 DEG C, by tube preheating half an hour again, the sulfuric acid being 98% by Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) and mass concentration again mixes charging, solid-stately directly proceed to hydrolysis bucket, gaseous state enters fluorine recycling bin by 6, top gas collection tube, the solidification of the tetra-sodium generated after calcining, iron-aluminium oxide, spilling gas is hydrogen fluoride, and temperature during discharging controls at 100 DEG C.
6. the application of electric-type calcining furnace according to claim 5 in preparation PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE, is characterized in that: described carries out preheating to tube, the rotating speed control 1.2-1.5rpm of tube during its preheating.
7. the application of electric-type calcining furnace according to claim 5 in preparation PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE, is characterized in that: the speed of described charging is the speed charging of 400kg/h.
8. the application of electric-type calcining furnace according to claim 5 in preparation PHOSPHORIC ACID TECH.GRADE, is characterized in that: reach the time controling of discharging at 1.5h-2.5h from charging.
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| CN108459498A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-08-28 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | The wide temperature range high accuracy temperature control system of high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle and control method |
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| CN1603230A (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2005-04-06 | 李兴德 | Method for preparing phosphoric acid and by-product cement by thermal decomposition |
| CN201053814Y (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2008-04-30 | 咸阳陶瓷研究设计院 | Heat-tolerant metal furnace tube continuous external heating type protective atmosphere converter |
| CN101186967A (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-05-28 | 贵州蓝天科大矿业发展有限公司 | Technique for comprehensive utilization clean production of phosphorus block ore and extracting rare earth form the phosphorus block ore |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| CN1344226A (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2002-04-10 | 凯米拉化学有限公司 | Process for prodn. of phosphoric acid by crystallisation of phosphoric acid hemihydrate |
| CN1603230A (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2005-04-06 | 李兴德 | Method for preparing phosphoric acid and by-product cement by thermal decomposition |
| CN101186967A (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-05-28 | 贵州蓝天科大矿业发展有限公司 | Technique for comprehensive utilization clean production of phosphorus block ore and extracting rare earth form the phosphorus block ore |
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