CN103273220A - Welding materials for connection of low thermal expansion coefficient alloys - Google Patents
Welding materials for connection of low thermal expansion coefficient alloys Download PDFInfo
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- CN103273220A CN103273220A CN2013102251527A CN201310225152A CN103273220A CN 103273220 A CN103273220 A CN 103273220A CN 2013102251527 A CN2013102251527 A CN 2013102251527A CN 201310225152 A CN201310225152 A CN 201310225152A CN 103273220 A CN103273220 A CN 103273220A
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- low thermal
- expansion
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- thermal coefficient
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Abstract
The invention discloses welding materials. The thermal expansion coefficient is from 1.53 *10-6 to 2.84 * 10 - 6k -1. The welding materials are mainly formed by, by weight percent, nickel of 35% to 36.5%, carbon of 1.15 % to 0.12 %, manganese of 1.0% to 3.0 %, silicon of 0.01 % to 0.1 %, titanium of 0.8 % to 1.5 %, cobalt of 0.4 % to 0.7 %, scandium oxide of 0.5 % to 8.0 %; the balance to be ferrum; and the impurity S is no more than 0.01 % and the P is no more than 0.01 %. The production technology comprises compounding materials; performing vacuum induction melting; naturally cooling after a mold casing is achieved pouring; performing ingot pressing and forming; and performing an annealing process. The welding materials can be used for welding of low thermal expansion coefficient alloys and also can be served as buffering materials to achieve heterojunction of materials such as the low thermal expansion coefficient alloys and higher thermal expansion coefficient carbon steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding of low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy, particularly relate to a kind of low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy adding solder flux or not adding the required welding material of welding under the solder flux condition, belong to the Welding Metallurgy technical field.
Background technology
Welding material is the common name of welding time institute's consumable material, be to make one of needed material of large-scale welded unit, particularly in the manufacturing of the large-scale welded units of industry such as shipbuilding (as LNG ship etc.), aviation, indispensable, and the quality of welding material had higher requirement.Development along with economic technology, increasing low heat expansion coefficient alloy becomes the first-selected alloy that numerous high-end equipments are made, as carbide alloy, invar alloy, kovar alloy etc., in-130～400 ° of C temperature ranges, has lower thermal coefficient of expansion, low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy consumption is little, but its effect can not be substituted, and the role of performer's key in high-end equipment is made does not particularly allow to cause in requiring the serviceability temperature scope under the condition of phase transformation of expansion characteristics significant change.1991, Inco Alloys International, Inc. the Robert Anthony Bishel of company, David Brian O'Donnell has invented Welding material for low coefficient of thermal expansion alloys(EP0482889A2), on October 22nd, 1991, proposed a kind of welding material for the submerged-arc welding of low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy, be used in combination with solder flux and can obtain good welding quality.Studies show that: the welding material that is used for the low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy can fundamentally reduce the thermal stress that causes owing to thermal expansion coefficient difference between material connection procedure wlding and the mother metal.Yet the low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy is nickel-base alloy normally, and under welding condition, particularly in the multi-pass welding structure peculiar to vessel, hot cracking tendency is big.Leg and interlayer are the bigger positions of hot cracking tendency, so that destroy the original tissue of low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy and performance, become low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy industry is used, high-end equipment is made key issue and bottleneck.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, at existing in prior technology the problems referred to above, provide a kind of welding material for the connection of low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of welding material for the connection of low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy is to add rare earth Sc
2O
3Dilval, its matrix is that γ-(Ni, Fe), the thermal coefficient of expansion in 30～500 ℃ of scopes is 1.53 * 10 mutually
-6～2.84 * 10
-6K
-1, mainly by Ni, C, Mn, Si, Ti, Co, Sc
2O
3Form, each constituent mass mark is as follows: Ni:35%～36.5%; C:0.05%～0.12%; Mn:1.0%～3.0%; Si:0.01%～0.1%; Ti:0.8%～1.5%; Co:0.4%～0.7%; Sc
2O
3: 0.5%～8.0%; Surplus is Fe; Control of Impurities: S≤0.01%; P≤0.01%.
Preferably, wherein the mass fraction of each component is: Ni:35.5%～36%; C:0.09%～0.11%, Mn:1.0%～1.5%; Si:0.01%～0.1%; Ti:1.0%～1.2%; Co:0.47%～0.52%, Sc
2O
3: 2.5%～3.2%; Surplus is Fe.
The preparation method of this welding material may further comprise the steps:
(1) prepares burden according to described set of dispense ratio;
(2) adopt the vacuum induction melting method to carry out vacuum melting;
Preferably, the temperature of vacuum melting is 1370～1450 ℃, and in sample cross thickness, temperature retention time is 11～20 minutes/centimetre;
(3) treat that formwork cast finishes after, cool off naturally;
(4) briquetting is shaped to bar;
(5) standby after the heat treatment;
Process of thermal treatment is: bar is heated to 780～800 ℃, is incubated 20～40 minutes under the inert gas shielding, the cooling velocity with 56～65 ℃/h cools to 295～310 ℃ with the furnace then; Air is cooled to room temperature again.
Above-mentioned welding material can be used for welding low thermal coefficient of expansion, and (mean thermal expansion coefficients is generally 1.4 * 10
-6K
-1～2.4 * 10
-6K
-1) carbide alloy, invar alloy (nickel steel alloy, mean thermal expansion coefficients is generally 1.4 * 10
-6K
-1～1.8 * 10
-6K
-1), kovar alloy (teleoseal is equivalent to GB4J29, ASTM F15, UNS K94610); Can also realize that the low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy is connected with the heterogeneous of materials such as carbon steel of higher coefficient of thermal expansion as padded coaming.
The invention solves the coefficient of thermal expansion that exists in the welding process differs greatly and caused the problem of big hot tearing; The multi-pass welding process leg that utilizes the technology of the present invention effectively to solve to exist in the prior art and interlayer hot cracking tendency be big, so that destroy the technical problem of the original tissue of low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy and performance, can effectively control the hot cracking tendency of low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy, the manufacturing of composite component and high-end equipment in the realization oil gas transportation key equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the coefficient of thermal expansion of welding material in 30 ℃～500 ℃ scopes of embodiment 1 preparation changes;
The microstructure of the welding material that Fig. 2 makes for embodiment 1.Wherein: Fig. 2 (a) is the microscopic structure of welding material after the vacuum melting among the embodiment 1; Fig. 2 (b) is the microstructure of welding material under the heat-treat condition among the embodiment 1.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail and completely below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Select Ni, C, Mn, Si, Ti, Co, Sc
2O
3Powder, weight proportion is as follows: Ni:35.8%; C:0.1%; Mn:1.2%; Si:0.08%; Ti:1.1%; Co:0.5%; Sc
2O
3: 3.0%; Fe: surplus; Control of Impurities: S≤0.01%; P≤0.01%.
Prepare according to following production technology:
(1) prepares burden, mixes, stirs pressed compact according to described set of dispense ratio;
(2) adopt the vacuum induction melting method to carry out vacuum melting, the temperature of vacuum induction melting is 1420 ℃; Be heat time heating time: sample cross thickness, and be 11～20 minutes every centimetre of heat time heating time; Be tranverse sectional thickness 2cm, the vacuum induction melting time is 22～40 minutes;
(3) treat that formwork cast finishes after, cool off naturally;
(4) briquetting is shaped to bar;
(5) bar is heat-treated, technology is: heating sample to 790 ℃, and insulation is 30 minutes under the inert gas shielding, is as cold as 300 ℃ with the cooling velocity stove of 60 ℃/h, and air cooling is to room temperature, standby.
Resulting welding material matrix be mutually γ-(Ni, Fe); 30 ℃～500 ℃ interior thermal coefficient of expansions of scope are 1.53 * 10
-6～2.84 * 10
-6K
-1Thermal coefficient of expansion in this temperature range changes as shown in Figure 1, can see, along with the rising of temperature, coefficient of thermal expansion increases, but still remains on reduced levels.
After utilizing the vacuum induction melting sample, resulting product microscopic structure is shown in Fig. 2 (a); Resulting welding material microstructure such as Fig. 2 (b) after Overheating Treatment.
The welding material that obtains after Overheating Treatment is used for low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy carbide alloy (mean thermal expansion coefficients 1.5 * 10 as the intermediate layer
-6K
-1) and steel (mean thermal expansion coefficients 1.8 * 10
-5K
-1) welding the time, adopt the laser TIG weldering single layer welding technology that fills silk, in 20 samples, at carbide alloy side interface, steel leg place do not find crackle.The problem of crackle takes place when using common wlding to weld easily, has 5 samples crackle to occur in 20 samples.
This shows, adopt welding wire among the embodiment 1, can effectively control the problem of the heat expansion difference fracturing that takes place in low heat expansion coefficient carbide alloy and the steel welding process.
Be necessary at last to be pointed out that at this: above content only is used for technical scheme of the present invention is described further; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, some nonessential improvement that those skilled in the art's foregoing according to the present invention is made and adjustment all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is used for the welding material that the low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy connects, it is characterized in that, and be a kind of interpolation rare earth Sc
2O
3Dilval, the thermal coefficient of expansion in 30～500 ℃ of scopes is 1.53 * 10
-6～2.84 * 10
-6K
-1, mainly by Ni, C, Mn, Si, Ti, Co, Sc
2O
3Form, each constituent mass mark is as follows: Ni:35%～36.5%; C:0.05%～0.12%; Mn:1.0%～3.0%; Si:0.01%～0.1%; Ti:0.8%～1.5%; Co:0.4%～0.7%; Sc
2O
3: 0.5%～8.0%; Surplus is Fe; Control of Impurities: S≤0.01%; P≤0.01%.
2. the described welding material that connects for the low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy of claim 1 is characterized in that, its matrix be mutually γ-(Ni, Fe).
3. claim 1 or 2 described welding materials for the connection of low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy is characterized in that wherein the mass fraction of each component is: Ni:35.5%～36%; C:0.09%～0.11%, Mn:1.0%～1.5%; Si:0.05%～0.1%; Ti:1.0%～1.2%; Co:0.47%～0.52%, Sc
2O
3: 2.5%～3.2%; Surplus is Fe.
4. the preparation method of each described welding material that connects for the low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy of claim 1～3 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) prepares burden according to described set of dispense ratio;
(2) adopt the vacuum induction melting method to carry out vacuum melting;
(3) treat that formwork cast finishes after, cool off naturally;
(4) briquetting is shaped to bar;
(5) heat treatment.
5. the described preparation method of claim 4 is characterized in that, the temperature of the described vacuum melting of step (2) is 1370～1450 ℃.
6. the described preparation method of claim 4, it is characterized in that, the described process of thermal treatment of step (5) is: bar is heated to 780～800 ℃, is incubated 20～40 minutes under the inert gas shielding, the cooling velocity with 56～65 ℃/h cools to 295～310 ℃ with the furnace then; Air is cooled to room temperature again.
7. the application of each described welding material of claim 1～3 aspect the carbide alloy that welds low thermal coefficient of expansion, invar alloy, kovar alloy.
8. the application of each described welding material of claim 1～3 aspect connection low thermal coefficient of expansion alloy and high thermal expansion coefficient material.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112222671A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-15 | 西南交通大学 | Fuzzy algorithm-based composite solder component design method and system |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1416264A (en) * | 1973-01-29 | 1975-12-03 | Int Nickel Ltd | Lox expansion alloys |
| JP2001131706A (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-15 | Nkk Corp | Invar alloy excellent in weldability |
| CN1420941A (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2003-05-28 | 蒂森克鲁普德国联合金属制造有限公司 | Iron-nickel alloy with low thermal expansion coefficient and exceptional mechanical properties |
| CA2054109C (en) * | 1990-10-26 | 2003-06-10 | David Brian O'donnell | Welding material for low coefficient of thermal expansion alloys |
| CN101045975A (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2007-10-03 | 上海工程技术大学 | RE Invar alloy and its production process |
| JP4213901B2 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2009-01-28 | 日本鋳造株式会社 | Low thermal expansion casting alloy having excellent hardness and strength at room temperature and low cracking susceptibility during casting, and method for producing the same |
| JP4441327B2 (en) * | 2004-05-24 | 2010-03-31 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Welded joint with excellent fatigue characteristics |
| CN102990248A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-03-27 | 高金菊 | Welding wire special for invar welding |
-
2013
- 2013-06-06 CN CN201310225152.7A patent/CN103273220B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1416264A (en) * | 1973-01-29 | 1975-12-03 | Int Nickel Ltd | Lox expansion alloys |
| CA2054109C (en) * | 1990-10-26 | 2003-06-10 | David Brian O'donnell | Welding material for low coefficient of thermal expansion alloys |
| CN1420941A (en) * | 1999-09-17 | 2003-05-28 | 蒂森克鲁普德国联合金属制造有限公司 | Iron-nickel alloy with low thermal expansion coefficient and exceptional mechanical properties |
| JP2001131706A (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-15 | Nkk Corp | Invar alloy excellent in weldability |
| JP4213901B2 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2009-01-28 | 日本鋳造株式会社 | Low thermal expansion casting alloy having excellent hardness and strength at room temperature and low cracking susceptibility during casting, and method for producing the same |
| JP4441327B2 (en) * | 2004-05-24 | 2010-03-31 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Welded joint with excellent fatigue characteristics |
| CN101045975A (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2007-10-03 | 上海工程技术大学 | RE Invar alloy and its production process |
| CN102990248A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-03-27 | 高金菊 | Welding wire special for invar welding |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112222671A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-15 | 西南交通大学 | Fuzzy algorithm-based composite solder component design method and system |
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