CN103273170A - Build-up welding method for ceramic-reinforced iron-based wear-resistant composite coatings - Google Patents
Build-up welding method for ceramic-reinforced iron-based wear-resistant composite coatings Download PDFInfo
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- CN103273170A CN103273170A CN2013102417838A CN201310241783A CN103273170A CN 103273170 A CN103273170 A CN 103273170A CN 2013102417838 A CN2013102417838 A CN 2013102417838A CN 201310241783 A CN201310241783 A CN 201310241783A CN 103273170 A CN103273170 A CN 103273170A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a build-up welding method, in particular to a build-up welding method for ceramic-reinforced iron-based wear-resistant composite coatings, and aims to solve the problem that an existing build-up welding technology lacks flexibility caused by limitation of types of wear-resistant welding rods and wear-resistant welding wires. The method includes adopting a CO2 gas shielded welding method, and then utilizing an injection-type build-up welding nozzle for preparing the ceramic-reinforced iron-based wear-resistant composite coatings. The method has the advantages that rigidity of weld layers reaches HRC40-65; limitation of few types of build-up welding materials is avoided; transition burning loss, sinking or floating, cracks and the like of alloying elements and ceramic phases are avoided. The method is mainly used for preparing the ceramic-reinforced iron-based wear-resistant composite coatings by the aid of the injection-type build-up welding nozzle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of overlaying method.
Background technology
Wearing and tearing are one of material main failure forms, the economic loss that it causes is huge, and wear-resistant coating can be according to the different industrial and mineral demands of parts, prepare the coating that satisfies the high-wearing feature requirement at material surface with lower cost, reduce the wear rate of material, prolong the service life of material.Along with the variation of wear-resistant coating, the research of its mechanism of action and occupation mode has also obtained rapidly development, and many preparations occurred and used the new technology of preparing of these materials.This wherein maturation technology such as thermal spraying, built-up welding are arranged, the electron beam, laser and the plasma melting coating technique that do not obtain promoting are also arranged, but these class methods always have place not fully up to expectations, for example, plasma spray technology is mechanical bond, bond strength is low, and shock resistance is poor, is difficult to adapt to conditions of work such as heavy duty, impact and heavily stressed, strong fatigue.Technique for overlaying is fastened solid metallurgical binding, can obtain thicker overlay cladding, be particularly suitable for the reinforcement of piece surface under the heavy wear operating mode or repair the part that has worn and torn, and equipment is simpler, the scope of application is very wide, but is subjected to the restriction of wear resistance electrode, wear-resisting welding wire kind, lacks flexibility, under special material, the industrial and mineral condition, be difficult to buy suitable welding rod, welding wire.Electron beam, laser and plasma melting coating technique also too high because of cost, technology is immature is applied.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention will solve existing technique for overlaying owing to be subjected to the restriction of wear resistance electrode and wear-resisting welding wire kind to lack the problem of flexibility, and provides a kind of pottery to strengthen the overlaying method of the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based.
A kind of pottery strengthens the overlaying method of the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based, specifically finishes according to the following steps: at first adopt CO
2The gas shield welding method; be that 140A～220A and weldingvoltage are to form the arc-melting base material between with welding wire and base material under 2OV～26V condition at welding current; be the molten bath; then built-up welding is sent in the pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle with powder body material; utilize the high-temperature electric arc heating that built-up welding is heated to molten condition or semi-molten state with powder body material; be lm/s～50m/s again with the injection rate; implant angle is 10 °～20 ° and injects distance for injecting the molten bath under 5mm～2Omm condition; namely obtain the wear-resisting composite coating of pottery enhancing iron-based after being cooled to room temperature: described built-up welding is mixed by alloy powder and ceramic enhancement phase with powder body material, and the mass ratio of wherein said alloy powder and ceramic enhancement phase is (5～20): 1.
Advantage of the present invention: one, the wear-resisting composite coating surfacing hardness of pottery enhancing iron-based of the present invention's preparation reaches HRC40～65; Two, the present invention can select suitable welding wire, built-up welding powder body material according to different substrate materials and different industrial and mineral demand, therefore, is not subjected to the few restriction of resurfacing welding material kind.Three, the present invention is owing to adopt at a high speed and inject the powder mode, can avoid alloying element and ceramic phase the transition scaling loss, sink to the bottom or problems such as come-up, crackle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is pouring-in built-up welding nozzle structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle A-A cutaway view;
Fig. 3 is pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle B-B cutaway view.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: present embodiment is the overlaying method that a kind of pottery strengthens the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based, specifically finishes according to the following steps: at first adopt CO
2The gas shield welding method, be that 140A～220A and weldingvoltage are to form the arc-melting base material between with welding wire and base material under 2OV～26V condition at welding current, be the molten bath, then built-up welding is sent in the pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle with powder body material, utilize the high-temperature electric arc heating that built-up welding is heated to molten condition or semi-molten state with powder body material, be that 1m/s～50m/s, implant angle are 10 °～20 ° and to inject distance be to inject the molten bath under 5mm～2Omm condition again with the injection rate, be cooled to and namely obtain pottery after the room temperature and strengthen the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based; Described built-up welding is mixed by alloy powder and ceramic enhancement phase with powder body material, and the mass ratio of wherein said alloy powder and ceramic enhancement phase is (5～20): 1.
The described welding wire of present embodiment is unrestricted, can be carbon dioxide gas protection weldering commonly used and uses welding wire, as HO8MnSi, HO8Mn2Si, HO8Mn2SiA etc.; Also can be flux-cored wire commonly used, as EF11-43, EF11-50, EF13-43 etc.
The pottery of present embodiment preparation strengthens the wear-resisting composite coating surfacing hardness of iron-based and reaches HRC40～65.
Present embodiment can be selected suitable welding wire, built-up welding powder body material according to different substrate materials and different industrial and mineral demand, therefore, is not subjected to the few restriction of resurfacing welding material kind.
Present embodiment is owing to adopt at a high speed and inject the powder mode, can avoid alloying element and ceramic phase the transition scaling loss, sink to the bottom or problems such as come-up, crackle.
The specific embodiment two: the difference of present embodiment and the specific embodiment one is: described base material is structural carbon steel or alloy tool steel.Other are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The described structural carbon steel of present embodiment is structural carbon steel Q235, structural carbon steel 45 or structural carbon steel 65Mn.
The described alloy tool steel of present embodiment is alloy tool steel 5CrMnMo, alloy tool steel 5CrNiMo or alloy tool steel 3Cr2W8V.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment and one of the specific embodiment one or twos' difference is: described alloy powder is selected from ferrochrome powder, ferromanganese powder, molybdenum-iron powder, vanadium iron powder, titanium-iron powder and ferrotungsten powder, and the particle size range of described alloy powder is 60～200 orders.Other are identical with the specific embodiment one or two.
The specific embodiment four: the difference of one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three is: described ceramic enhancement phase is carbide, oxide or nitride, and the particle size range of described ceramic enhancement phase is 60～200 orders, and wherein said carbide is tungsten carbide or boron carbide; Wherein said oxide is alundum (Al, zirconia; Wherein said nitrogenize is nitrided iron or boron nitride.Other are identical with the specific embodiment one to three.
The specific embodiment five: in conjunction with Fig. 1,2 and 3; The difference of one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three is: described pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle comprises nozzle body 4, charging aperture 5, nozzle core 6, circular passage 7 and nozzle 8, one end of nozzle body 4 is connected with welding gun parts 1, the other end of nozzle body 4 is connected with nozzle 8, nozzle core 6 inserts in the endoporus of nozzle body 4, and nozzle core 6 is combined to form circular passage 7 with nozzle 8; In the bilateral symmetry of nozzle body 4 endoporus the charging aperture 5 of two circles is set, and circular lower end of spouting material mouthfuls 5 is communicated with circular passage 7.Other are identical with the specific embodiment one to three.
Operation principle: pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle can be realized the pouring-in built-up welding of powder high speed: at first welding wire 2 is inserted in the ignition tip 3, one end of nozzle body 4 is connected with welding gun parts 1, and guarantee that ignition tip 3 is by the endoporus of nozzle body 4, the other end of nozzle body 4 is connected with nozzle 8, nozzle core 6 inserts in the endoporus of nozzle body 4, and nozzle core 6 is combined to form circular passage 7 with nozzle 8; In the bilateral symmetry of nozzle body 4 endoporus the charging aperture 5 of two circles is set, and the lower end of circular charging aperture 5 is communicated with circular passage 7; Utilize striking formation molten bath between welding wire 2 and workpiece, dust feeder is sent into the built-up welding powder body material by charging aperture 5 at a high speed to shower nozzle, built-up welding enters circular passage 7 with powder body material through charging aperture 5, send into high-temperature electric arc at a high speed by nozzle 8, inject the molten state molten bath through electric arc heated to fusion or semi-molten state; Pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle is by powder control overlay cladding composition, can realize that alloying element, ceramic material are to the transition of overlay cladding, because of the controlled (1m/s～50m/s) of the injection rate of powder, therefore can avoid the transition scaling loss of alloying element and ceramic phase, the molten bath of powder injection simultaneously has certain kinetic energy, can guarantee the even distribution of ceramic phase in overlay cladding, avoid sinking to the bottom or problems such as come-up, crackle of ceramic phase.
Content of the present invention is not limited only to the content of the respective embodiments described above, and the combination of one of them or several specific embodiment equally also can realize the purpose of inventing.
Adopt following verification experimental verification effect of the present invention:
Test one: in conjunction with Fig. 1,2 and 3; A kind of pottery strengthens the overlaying method of the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based, specifically finishes according to the following steps: at first adopt CO
2The gas shield welding method; be that 200A and weldingvoltage are to form the arc-melting base material between with welding wire and base material under the 22V condition at welding current; be the molten bath; then built-up welding is sent in the pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle with powder body material; utilize the high-temperature electric arc heating that built-up welding is heated to molten condition or semi-molten state with powder body material; be that 5m/s, implant angle are 15 ° and to inject distance be to inject the molten bath under the 10mm condition again with the injection rate, be cooled to and namely obtain pottery after the room temperature and strengthen the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based.
This tests described CO
2The gas shield welding method is to utilize CO
2Gas shield soldering equipment (PANA-AUTOKRII 350 CO
2/ MAG) finish.
This tests described welding wire is HO8Mn2Si.
This is tested described built-up welding and mixes powder 30min by mass fraction by the tungsten carbide ball milling of 60% high carbon ferro-chrome, 20% mid-carbon fe-mn, 10% middle carbon duriron and 10% with powder body material and make, and the particle size range of wherein said high carbon ferro-chrome is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of wherein said mid-carbon fe-mn is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of carbon duriron is 80～150 orders in wherein said; The particle size range of wherein said tungsten carbide is 80～150 orders.
This is tested described pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle and comprises nozzle body 4, charging aperture 5, nozzle core 6, circular passage 7 and nozzle 8, one end of nozzle body 4 is connected with welding gun parts 1, the other end of nozzle body 4 is connected with nozzle 8, nozzle core 6 inserts in the endoporus of nozzle body 4, and nozzle core 6 is combined to form circular passage 7 with nozzle 8; In the bilateral symmetry of nozzle body 4 endoporus the charging aperture 5 of two circles is set, and the lower end of circular charging aperture 5 is communicated with circular passage 7.
To strengthen the wear-resisting composite coating surfacing hardness of iron-based be 58 by detecting pottery that this test as can be known obtains.
Test two: in conjunction with Fig. 1,2 and 3; A kind of pottery strengthens the overlaying method of the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based, specifically finishes according to the following steps: at first adopt CO
2The gas shield welding method; be that 200A and weldingvoltage are to form the arc-melting base material between with welding wire and base material under the 22V condition at welding current; be the molten bath; then built-up welding is sent in the pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle with powder body material; utilize the high-temperature electric arc heating that built-up welding is heated to molten condition or semi-molten state with powder body material; be that 5m/s, implant angle are 15 ° and to inject distance be to inject the molten bath under the 10mm condition again with the injection rate, be cooled to and namely obtain pottery after the room temperature and strengthen the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based.
This tests described CO
2The gas shield welding method is to utilize CO
2Gas shield soldering equipment (PANA-AUTO KR II 350CO
2/ MAG) finish.
This tests described welding wire is H08Mn2Si.
This is tested described built-up welding and mixes powder 30min by mass fraction by the tungsten carbide ball milling of 60% high carbon ferro-chrome, 15% mid-carbon fe-mn, 5% middle carbon duriron, 5% molybdenum-iron, 5% vanadium iron and 10% with powder body material and make, and the particle size range of wherein said high carbon ferro-chrome is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of wherein said mid-carbon fe-mn is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of carbon duriron is 80～150 orders in wherein said; The particle size range of wherein said molybdenum-iron is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of wherein said vanadium iron is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of wherein said tungsten carbide is 80～150 orders.
This is tested described pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle and comprises nozzle body 4, charging aperture 5, nozzle core 6, circular passage 7 and nozzle 8, one end of nozzle body 4 is connected with welding gun parts 1, the other end of nozzle body 4 is connected with nozzle 8, nozzle core 6 inserts in the endoporus of nozzle body 4, and nozzle core 6 is combined to form circular passage 7 with nozzle 8; In the bilateral symmetry of nozzle body 4 endoporus the charging aperture 5 of two circles is set, and the lower end of circular charging aperture 5 is communicated with circular passage 7.
To strengthen the wear-resisting composite coating surfacing hardness of iron-based be 62 by detecting pottery that this test as can be known obtains.
Test three: in conjunction with Fig. 1,2 and 3; A kind of pottery strengthens the overlaying method of the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based, specifically finishes according to the following steps: at first adopt CO
2The gas shield welding method; be that 200A and weldingvoltage are to form the arc-melting base material between with welding wire and base material under the 22V condition at welding current; be the molten bath; then built-up welding is sent in the pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle with powder body material; utilize the high-temperature electric arc heating that built-up welding is heated to molten condition or semi-molten state with powder body material; be that 10m/s, implant angle are 15 ° and to inject distance be to inject the molten bath under the 10mm condition again with the injection rate, be cooled to and namely obtain pottery after the room temperature and strengthen the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based.
This tests described CO
2The gas shield welding method is to utilize CO
2Gas shield soldering equipment (PANA-AUTO KR II350 CO
2/ MAG) finish.
This tests described welding wire is HO8Mn2Si.
This is tested described built-up welding and mixes powder 30min by mass fraction by the tungsten carbide ball milling of 60% high carbon ferro-chrome, 15% mid-carbon fe-mn, 5% middle carbon duriron, 5% molybdenum-iron, 5% vanadium iron and 10% with powder body material and make, and the particle size range of wherein said high carbon ferro-chrome is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of wherein said mid-carbon fe-mn is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of carbon duriron is 80～150 orders in wherein said; The particle size range of wherein said molybdenum-iron is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of wherein said vanadium iron is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of wherein said tungsten carbide is 80～150 orders.
This is tested described pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle and comprises nozzle body 4, charging aperture 5, nozzle core 6, circular passage 7 and nozzle 8, one end of nozzle body 4 is connected with welding gun parts 1, the other end of nozzle body 4 is connected with nozzle 8, nozzle core 6 inserts in the endoporus of nozzle body 4, and nozzle core 6 is combined to form circular passage 7 with nozzle 8; In the bilateral symmetry of nozzle body 4 endoporus the charging aperture 5 of two circles is set, and the lower end of circular charging aperture 5 is communicated with circular passage 7.
To strengthen the wear-resisting composite coating surfacing hardness of iron-based be 65 by detecting pottery that this test as can be known obtains.
Test four: in conjunction with Fig. 1,2 and 3; A kind of pottery strengthens the overlaying method of the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based, specifically finishes according to the following steps: at first adopt CO
2The gas shield welding method; be that 200A and weldingvoltage are to form the arc-melting base material between with welding wire and base material under the 22V condition at welding current; be the molten bath; then built-up welding is sent in the pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle with powder body material; utilize the high-temperature electric arc heating that built-up welding is heated to molten condition or semi-molten state with powder body material; be that 5m/s, implant angle are 15 ° and to inject distance be to inject the molten bath under the 10mm condition again with the injection rate, be cooled to and namely obtain pottery after the room temperature and strengthen the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based.
This tests described CO
2The gas shield welding method is to utilize CO
2Gas shield soldering equipment (PANA-AUTOKR II 350 CO
2/ MAG) finish.
This tests described welding wire is HO8Mn2Si.
This is tested described built-up welding and mixes powder 30min by mass fraction by the boron carbide ball milling of 70% high carbon ferro-chrome, 10% middle carbon duriron, 5% molybdenum-iron, 5% vanadium iron and 10% with powder body material and make, and the particle size range of wherein said high carbon ferro-chrome is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of carbon duriron is 80～150 orders in wherein said; The particle size range of wherein said molybdenum-iron is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of wherein said vanadium iron is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of wherein said boron carbide is 80～150 orders.
This is tested described pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle and comprises nozzle body 4, charging aperture 5, nozzle core 6, circular passage 7 and nozzle 8, one end of nozzle body 4 is connected with welding gun parts 1, the other end of nozzle body 4 is connected with nozzle 8, nozzle core 6 inserts in the endoporus of nozzle body 4, and nozzle core 6 is combined to form circular passage 7 with nozzle 8; In the bilateral symmetry of nozzle body 4 endoporus the charging aperture 5 of two circles is set, and the lower end of circular charging aperture 5 is communicated with circular passage 7.
To strengthen the wear-resisting composite coating surfacing hardness of iron-based be 60 by detecting pottery that this test as can be known obtains.
Test five: in conjunction with Fig. 1,2 and 3; A kind of pottery strengthens the overlaying method of the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based, specifically finishes according to the following steps: at first adopt CO
2The gas shield welding method; be that 200A and weldingvoltage are to form the arc-melting base material between with welding wire and base material under the 22V condition at welding current; be the molten bath; then built-up welding is sent in the pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle with powder body material; utilize the high-temperature electric arc heating that built-up welding is heated to molten condition or semi-molten state with powder body material; be that 10m/s, implant angle are 15 ° and to inject distance be to inject the molten bath under the 10mm condition again with the injection rate, be cooled to and namely obtain pottery after the room temperature and strengthen the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based.
This tests described CO
2The gas shield welding method is to utilize CO
2Gas shield soldering equipment (PANA-AUTO KR II 350 C0
2/ MAG) finish.
This tests described welding wire is HO8Mn2Si.
This is tested described built-up welding and mixes powder 30min by mass fraction by the boron carbide ball milling of 70% high carbon ferro-chrome, 10% middle carbon duriron, 5% molybdenum-iron, 5% vanadium iron and 10% with powder body material and make, and the particle size range of wherein said high carbon ferro-chrome is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of carbon duriron is 80～150 orders in wherein said; The particle size range of wherein said molybdenum-iron is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of wherein said vanadium iron is 80～150 orders; The particle size range of wherein said boron carbide is 80～150 orders.
This is tested described pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle and comprises nozzle body 4, charging aperture 5, nozzle core 6, circular passage 7 and nozzle 8, one end of nozzle body 4 is connected with welding gun parts 1, the other end of nozzle body 4 is connected with nozzle 8, nozzle core 6 inserts in the endoporus of nozzle body 4, and nozzle core 6 is combined to form circular passage 7 with nozzle 8; In the bilateral symmetry of nozzle body 4 endoporus the charging aperture 5 of two circles is set, and the lower end of circular charging aperture 5 is communicated with circular passage 7.To strengthen the wear-resisting composite coating surfacing hardness of iron-based be 64 by detecting pottery that this test as can be known obtains.
Claims (5)
1. the overlaying method of the wear-resisting composite coating of pottery enhancing iron-based is characterized in that the overlaying method of the wear-resisting composite coating of pottery enhancing iron-based is finished according to the following steps: at first adopt CO
2The gas shield welding method, be that 140A～220A and weldingvoltage are to form the arc-melting base material between with welding wire and base material under 20V～26V condition at welding current, be the molten bath, then built-up welding is sent in the pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle with powder body material, utilize the high-temperature electric arc heating that built-up welding is heated to molten condition or semi-molten state with powder body material, be that 1m/s～50m/s, implant angle are 10 °～20 ° and to inject distance be to inject the molten bath under 5mm～20mm condition again with the injection rate, be cooled to and namely obtain pottery after the room temperature and strengthen the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based; Described built-up welding is mixed by alloy powder and ceramic enhancement phase with powder body material, and the mass ratio of wherein said alloy powder and ceramic enhancement phase is (5～20): 1.
2. a kind of pottery according to claim 1 strengthens the overlaying method of the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based, it is characterized in that described base material is structural carbon steel or alloy tool steel.
3. a kind of pottery according to claim 1 strengthens the overlaying method of the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based, it is characterized in that described alloy powder is selected from ferrochrome powder, ferromanganese powder, molybdenum-iron powder, vanadium iron powder, titanium-iron powder and ferrotungsten powder, and the particle size range of described alloy powder is 60～200 orders.
4. a kind of pottery according to claim 1 strengthens the overlaying method of the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based, it is characterized in that described ceramic enhancement phase is carbide, oxide or nitride, and the particle size range of described ceramic enhancement phase is 60～200 orders, and wherein said carbide is tungsten carbide or boron carbide; Wherein said oxide is alundum (Al, zirconia; Wherein said nitrogenize is titanium nitride or boron nitride.
5. a kind of pottery according to claim 1 strengthens the overlaying method of the wear-resisting composite coating of iron-based, it is characterized in that described pouring-in built-up welding shower nozzle comprises nozzle body (4), charging aperture (5), nozzle core (6), circular passage (7) and nozzle (8), one end of nozzle body (4) is connected with welding gun parts (1), the other end of nozzle body (4) is connected with nozzle (8), nozzle core (6) inserts in the endoporus of nozzle body (4), and nozzle core (6) is combined to form circular passage (7) with nozzle (8); In the bilateral symmetry of nozzle body (4) endoporus the charging aperture (5) of two circles is set, and the lower end of circular charging aperture (5) is communicated with circular passage (7).
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| CN106180971B (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2019-01-22 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Tungsten carbide Fe-based self-fluxing alloy resurfacing welding material and overlaying method |
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| CN111283302A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-06-16 | 沈阳工业大学 | Electric arc additive manufacturing device and process for coaxial wire feeding and powder feeding consumable electrode |
| CN116352233A (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-06-30 | 中镱新材料智能制造研究院(山西)有限公司 | Manufacturing method for fused accumulation additive of ejection type ceramic particle reinforced composite material |
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Application publication date: 20130904 |