CN103267335B - Horizontal vertical is blown the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined - Google Patents
Horizontal vertical is blown the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of horizontal vertical to blow the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined, comprise plenum chamber, air-supply airduct and smoke-proof pendant wall, plenum chamber is located in tunnel wall, and plenum chamber is connected with air-supply airduct; Plenum chamber lower end arranges the first spout, and plenum chamber arranges the second spout on the side in tunnel; First spout air-out is towards level, and the second spout air-out is towards straight down; Vertical smoke-proof pendant wall is fixed on the second spout on the sidewall of side, tunnel; The upper edge of the lower edge of plenum chamber, smoke-proof pendant wall upper edge, the first spout is all concordant with the lower edge of the second spout; The air supply velocity of the first spout is 0.3m/s.The air-supply speed of the second spout is 0.7m/s.The present invention utilizes the jetting stream of two spouts to carry out jets collision in escape personnel respiratory region, forms the fire drill through whole tunnel.Significantly decrease tunnel excavation amount, and the edge only in tunnel arranges plenum chamber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tunnel fire hazard escape system, particularly a kind of horizontal vertical is blown the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined.
Background technology
Tunnel is the product of modern city high speed development.Since the second half in 20th century, the urban area of countries in the world expands gradually, urbanization process is accelerated gradually, and the quickening of this urbanization process result in urban transportation aspect needs that a kind of freight volume is large, speed is fast, energy consumption is little, it is low to pollute, floor space is little Urban Traffic Modes.And river, tunnel copper has just arisen in this period.Tunnel is as the vehicles of a kind of advanced person, and compared with traditional mode of transportation, it has unrivaled advantage.But while tunnel traffic development, the serious accident of tunnel fire hazard and so on happens occasionally, and usually causes serious casualties and property loss.Fire smoke is the main cause that the personnel that cause injure.Particularly important for the properties of fire smoke flow of underground fire hazard and conservative control method, technical measures.
Because fire smoke can produce significant damage to subway tunnel personnel escape, Chinese scholars controls to have carried out large quantifier elimination for tunnel fire disaster fume, thus proposes 5 kinds of Tunnel Ventilation Systems of popular.They are gravity-flow ventilation respectively, longitudinal ventilation, full transversal ventilation, blast type transversal ventilation, and air-exhaust type transversal ventilation.Gravity-flow ventilation is driven by two kinds of driving forces, and a kind of buoyancy lift being flue gas itself and having, flue gas can go out tunnel at the flows by action of buoyancy lift itself.Another kind is that railcar moves the Piston Action Wind caused.When fire occurs, the first active force takes effect as the leading factor, and the second active force then can be ignored.Longitudinal ventilation is similar to gravity-flow ventilation, but adds longitudinal jet blower.Under the effect of longitudinal jet blower, air-flow can form Piston Action Wind and flow to tunnel exit from tunnel portal, takes fire smoke out of tunnel.Transversal ventilation is also utilize mechanical fan that air is flowed, but it and longitudinal ventilation unlike, in the tunnel of application longitudinal ventilation, air-flow flows in the horizontal direction.And air-flow vertically moves when applying transversal ventilation.The relative longitudinal exhausting system of transversal ventilation system, its system is more complicated, needs above tunnel or a set of independent plenum chamber or pipe-line system are added in below, and corresponding air-supply and air draft air port.Fresh air is entered by bottom, tunnel supply air system, from the exhaust system of tunnel top discharges tunnel together with after mixing with flue gas.If transversal ventilation system had both comprised supply air system and also comprised exhaust system, then this horizontal system had been called as full horizontal system.If it comprises supply air system, air draft by two ends, tunnel natural exhaust, then claims this transversal ventilation system to be blowing-type transversal ventilation system.If it comprises exhaust system, mend wind and rely on two ends, tunnel to carry out nature benefit wind, be then called air draft type transversal ventilation system.Fig. 1 is shown in by the schematic diagram of 5 kinds of Tunnel Ventilation Systems.
The draft type that above-mentioned ventilating system adopts all have employed general ventilation mode without exception, and its primary goal is all reduce flue gas concentration when fire occurs in tunnel.But reality is only reduction of flue gas mean concentration when fire occurs in this tunnel.This can cause the problem of two aspects: one, although the mean concentration in overall tunnel reduces, because burning things which may cause a fire disaster is ceaselessly discharging flue gas, this part flue gas can not be got rid of completely, and this will cause the flue gas still having higher concentration in tunnel.Two, although the mean concentration in overall tunnel reduces, still have the fire smoke of higher concentration in local.This can cause tunnel to block, the harm such as visibility reduction.Above 2 fire smokes that result under conventional ventilating system work in tunnel still can cause high risks to evacuation personnel, very unfavorable to the personnel escape in tunnel.In fact, when fire occurs, personnel are the lower space in tunnel for the tunnel space of escaping in fact, instead of whole tunnel space.So only need to ensure tunnel lower space, or even a part for lower space is clean, and other segment spaces can allow Smoke component.
For above analysis, inventors herein propose following several national inventing patent applications: (application number: 201110415014.6), is shown in Fig. 2 to building element edge safe escape system for closed airflow channel; (application number: 201110415395.8), is shown in Fig. 3 to building element safe evacuation system for airflow closed channel in middle; A kind of L-type building element edge safe escape system for closed airflow channel (application number: 201110415394.3) see Fig. 4; A kind of L-type building element safe evacuation system for airflow closed channel in middle (application number: 201110415567.1) see Fig. 5; Smoke protection system for stairwell (application number: 201010580513.6) see Fig. 6; But these schemes all encounter following problem in the specific implementation: because these systems are all by up and down to the form of blowing, simultaneously to building gallery or the air-supply of tunnel lower space, all need to arrange top and two, bottom step-down case.Carry out reserved or secondary excavation to the top in tunnel and lower space when tunnelling with regard to needing like this, it takes up room greatly, and secondary excavation amount is excessive, causes performance difficulty simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
For the defect existed in above-mentioned prior art or deficiency, the object of the invention is to, the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system providing a kind of horizontal vertical to blow to combine, this system is by being arranged on one group of plenum chamber at position, corner, tunnel respectively to two nozzle outlet air supplies, the jetting stream of these two spouts carries out jets collision in escape personnel respiratory region, forms the fire drill through whole tunnel with this.This escape system significantly decreases tunnel excavation amount compared with aforementioned patent, and the edge only in tunnel arranges plenum chamber.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of horizontal vertical is blown the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined, comprise plenum chamber, air-supply airduct and smoke-proof pendant wall, wherein, described plenum chamber is arranged in the wall of side, tunnel, plenum chamber is connected with air-supply airduct, and airduct of blowing is given a dinner for a visitor from afar machine; The lower end of plenum chamber is provided with the first spout, and plenum chamber is provided with the second spout on the side in tunnel; The air-out of the first spout is oriented horizontal direction, and the air-out of the second spout is oriented straight down; Described vertical smoke-proof pendant wall is fixed on the second spout on the sidewall of side, tunnel; The upper edge of the lower edge of described plenum chamber, smoke-proof pendant wall upper edge, the first spout is all concordant with the lower edge of the second spout; The lower edge of smoke-proof pendant wall is concordant with the lower edge of the first spout; Second spout is vertically crossing with the air-out of the first spout; The air supply velocity of described first spout is 0.3m/s.The air-supply speed of the second spout 4 is 0.7m/s.
The present invention also comprises following other technologies feature:
The height residing for upper and lower edge of described first spout is respectively 2m and 1.5m.
The width of described first spout is defined as 0.5m.
The width of described second spout is defined as 0.5m.
The height residing for upper and lower edge of described smoke-proof pendant wall is 2m and 1.5m.
Compared with prior art, the horizontal vertical of the present invention respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined of blowing has following advantage:
1, only need one group of plenum chamber, two groups of spout positions are more close simultaneously, so just significantly decrease tunnel excavation amount, decrease difficulty of construction.
2, clashed in human body respiration district by the jetting stream of the first spout and the second spout, guarantee the new wind demand of escape personnel, reduce the suffocating of causing because oxygen deficiency; The hemi-closure space formed to smoke-proof pendant wall and side, tunnel by the first spout and the second spout is blown, and forms zone of positive pressure, thus gets rid of the fire smoke of the passway for escaping accidentally entered because of pulsating nature; The anti-buoyant jet of flue gas is stopped by smoke-proof pendant wall and the second spout, by stopping entering of this part smoke gas jet, can the air output of corresponding minimizing first spout and the second spout, finally form the passway for escaping that runs through a whole tunnel.Through test, the CO concentration in the escape region, tunnel that system of the present invention is built is significantly less than the CO concentration of other homogeneous system existing.
3, through test, this system is not by the restriction of fire location, and the time forming passway for escaping used in tunnel after startup is short.
Below by way of the drawings and specific embodiments, further explanation is explained to the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of existing five kinds of Tunnel Ventilation Systems.Wherein, Fig. 1 (a) is natural ventilation system; Fig. 1 (b) is longitudinal exhausting system; Fig. 1 (c) is air-exhaust type transversal ventilation system; Fig. 1 (d) is blast type transversal ventilation system; Fig. 1 (e) is full transversal ventilation system.
Fig. 2 is building element edge safe escape system for closed airflow channel.
Fig. 3 is building element safe evacuation system for airflow closed channel in middle.
Fig. 4 is a kind of L-type building element edge safe escape system for closed airflow channel.
Fig. 5 is a kind of L-type building element safe evacuation system for airflow closed channel in middle.
Fig. 6 is smoke protection system for stairwell.
Fig. 7 is that horizontal vertical of the present invention is blown the structural representation of the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined.
Fig. 8 is that horizontal vertical of the present invention is blown the profile of the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined.The air-out that in figure, the direction of arrow is respectively the first spout and the second spout towards.
Fig. 9 is that horizontal vertical of the present invention is blown the system speed field schematic diagram of the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined.
Figure 10 is that the first spout and the second nozzle outlet air supply wind speed ratio optimize schematic diagram.
Figure 11 is the first spout and the second nozzle outlet air supply air speed value optimised schematic diagram.
Figure 12 is that horizontal vertical of the present invention is blown the passway for escaping schematic diagram that the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system that combines formed in tunnel.
Figure 13 is that in the passway for escaping built of system and legacy system that horizontal vertical of the present invention blows the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined, CO concentration value size compares schematic diagram.
Figure 14 is that horizontal vertical of the present invention is blown CO concentration field schematic diagram in escape space that the system of the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined and legacy system build.Wherein, 14(a) be CO concentration field in the escape space built of system of the present invention; 14(b) be CO concentration field in the escape space built of longitudinal exhausting system; 14(c) be CO concentration field in the escape space built of gravity-flow ventilation blast type system; 14(d) be CO concentration field in the escape space built of blast type semi-transverse ventilation system; 14(e) be CO concentration field in the escape space built of air-exhaust type semi-transverse ventilation system; 14(f) be CO concentration field in the escape space built of full transversal ventilation system.
Figure 15 be under different fire location horizontal vertical of the present invention blow the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined system build CO concentration schematic diagram in passway for escaping.
Figure 16 is the CO concentration schematic diagram that under different time of fire alarming, blow in passway for escaping that the tunnel fire hazard escape system that combines with forced draft formed in respiratory region of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, clash tunnel fire hazard escape system of blowing in the respiratory region that horizontal blast of the present invention combines with vertical ventilation, comprise plenum chamber 1, air-supply airduct 2 and smoke-proof pendant wall 5, wherein, described plenum chamber 1 is arranged in the wall of side, tunnel, plenum chamber 1 is connected with air-supply airduct 2, and airduct 2 of blowing is given a dinner for a visitor from afar machine; The lower end of plenum chamber 1 is provided with the first spout 3, and plenum chamber 1 is provided with the second spout 4 on the side in tunnel; The air-out of the first spout 3 is oriented horizontal direction, and the air-out of the second spout 4 is oriented straight down; Described smoke-proof pendant wall 5 is fixed on the second spout 4 on the sidewall of side, tunnel; The upper edge of the lower edge of described plenum chamber 1, smoke-proof pendant wall 5 upper edge, the first spout 3 is all concordant with the lower edge of the second spout 4; The lower edge of smoke-proof pendant wall 5 is concordant with the lower edge of the first spout 3; Second spout 4 is vertically crossing with the air-out of the first spout 3.
Described first spout 3 be used for just to human body respiration district also namely 1.5m to 2m scope carry out horizontal blast, therefore, the height residing for upper and lower edge of the first spout 3 is respectively 2m and 1.5m.
Described second spout 4, for downwards to the air-supply of human body respiration district, if its width is too large, then can takies space in a large amount of tunnel, affect normal train passage, reduce the formation effect of fire escape simultaneously; If width is too little, the convenience of evacuating personnel when impact is evacuated is passed through.Therefore, the width of the second spout 4 is defined as 0.5m by the present invention, and this width neither affects evacuation personnel to be passed through, and can play again well gear cigarette effect.The lower edge of the second spout 4 also namely the air outlet of the 4th spout 4 be positioned at respiratory region highest point and 2m place.
Described smoke-proof pendant wall 5 and the first spout 3 and the second spout 4 form the hemi-closure space of a ∏ font jointly, the fresh air effectively in guarantee human body respiratory region.Secondly, smoke-proof pendant wall 5 is used for stopping hori-zontal flue gas, and minimizing flue gas enters the escape space that system of the present invention is built effectively, thus can reduce the air-supply air quantity of the second spout 4 and the first spout 3.Therefore, the height residing for upper and lower edge of smoke-proof pendant wall 5 is 2m and 1.5m.
When the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system that combines of horizontal vertical of the present invention being blown is applied to tunnel, perform according to air shaft segmentation original in tunnel, be a transit tunnel with the tunnel construction sections between adjacent two air shafts, plenum chamber 1 is set at the side wall interiors of this transit tunnel, and the first spout 3, second spout 4 and smoke-proof pendant wall 5 is set.Each transit tunnel in tunnel all does same setting.When fire occurs, fresh air in the air shaft of all transit tunnel is by blower fan suction air-supply airduct 2 and then send in the plenum chamber 1 of this transit tunnel, the first spout 3, second spout 4 and smoke-proof pendant wall 5 that plenum chamber 1 is arranged form the hemi-closure space of a ∏ font, the wind outlet of the first spout 3 and the second spout 4 forms one section of passway for escaping, thus forms a passway for escaping through this tunnel (see Figure 12) in whole tunnel.
Native system is clashed in human body respiration district by the jetting stream of the first spout 3 and the second spout 4, guarantees the new wind demand of escape personnel, reduces the suffocating of causing because oxygen deficiency; The hemi-closure space formed to smoke-proof pendant wall 5 and side, tunnel by the first spout 3 and the second spout 4 is blown, and forms zone of positive pressure, thus gets rid of the fire smoke of the passway for escaping accidentally entered because of pulsating nature; Two spouts are indispensable, lack the second spout 4 and cannot to ensure respiration the flue gas content in district.Lack the first spout 3 and cannot get rid of flue gas stream because accidentalia enters.The anti-buoyant jet of flue gas is stopped by smoke-proof pendant wall 5 and the second spout 4.By stopping entering of this part smoke gas jet, can the air output of corresponding minimizing first spout 3 and the second spout 5.
First spout 3 and the second spout 4 due to its present position and air-out towards difference, its air supply velocity ought to be different.In order to determine the air-out velocity composition that two spouts are suitable, inventor tests nine kinds of different air-supply ratios.The air supply velocity of two spouts all changes to 1m/s(from 0m/s and sees Figure 10).In figure, V1, V2 represent the air supply velocity of the first spout and the second spout respectively.Can find out, the CO maximum volume concentration in passway for escaping is minimum when the air-supply ratio of first and second spout is 3:7.That is rate value 0.43 is optimal value.
When two areas of injection orifice are identical, air output is larger, and the rate of ventilation in tunnel is also larger, and the ability of corresponding out contaminants is stronger.But from the viewpoint of cost, the air supply velocity of the first spout and the second spout can not unconfinedly increase.So best situation blows speed enough greatly, in the passway for escaping that BTES can be made to build, CO value just meets the demands.So inventor, for maximum rate of heat release 35MW, have studied two minimum air supply velocities of spout that maximum volume CO concentration value in passway for escaping can be made up to standard.When two areas of injection orifice are identical, show that respiratory region that horizontal blast combines with the vertical ventilation CO concentration of blowing in passway for escaping that tunnel fire hazard escape system builds that clashes increases along with the increase of the air supply velocity of first and second spout.Continue to use two nozzle outlet air supply ratios of above-mentioned discussion, when the air supply velocity of the first spout 3 and the second spout 4 reaches 0.3m/s and 0.7m/s respectively, the maximum CO concentration value in passway for escaping is that 9.88PPM(is shown in Figure 11).This concentration value is less than aforesaid standards setting 10PPM.So, adopt the first nozzle outlet air supply speed to be 0.3m/s here.Second nozzle outlet air supply speed is 0.7m/s.
Embodiment:
Below provide specific embodiments of the invention, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to following specific embodiment, all equivalents done on technical scheme basis all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Defer to technique scheme, as shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, residing for the upper and lower edge of smoke-proof pendant wall, be highly respectively 2m and 1.5m; Plenum chamber 1 interface dimensions is 2m × 1m; The height residing for upper and lower edge of the first spout (3) is respectively 2m and 1.5m.Second spout 4 and the first spout 3 width are 0.5m; Air-supply airduct 2 cross sectional dimensions 0.5m × 0.5m.The air supply velocity of the first spout 3 and the second spout 4 is respectively 0.7m/s and 0.3m/s.
In order to verify the application and the advance compared with first patent application further, to this patent with carried out experiment effect in first patent application and compare.Relatively carry out under same experiment condition, comprise identical exhaust smoke level, identical plenum chamber size, identical fire location and identical rate of heat release etc.
Through test, as shown in FIG. 13 and 14, the respiratory region head-on collision adopting the horizontal vertical of the present embodiment blow to combine is blown after tunnel fire hazard escape system, the CO concentration in escape region, tunnel is obviously little than adopting the CO concentration value of other legacy systems, to adopt the respiratory region that combines with vertical ventilation of horizontal blast to clash to blow CO concentration in the tunnel after tunnel fire hazard escape system to be only to adopt after natural ventilation system 0.48% of CO in tunnel, for 0.54% of CO in tunnel after employing longitudinal exhausting system, for 0.58% of CO in tunnel after employing blowing-type semi-transverse ventilation system, for 0.76% of CO in tunnel after employing air draft type semi-transverse ventilation system, for adopting after full transversal ventilation system 0.80% of CO in tunnel.
As shown in figure 15, no matter burning things which may cause a fire disaster distance adopts the respiratory region that combines with vertical ventilation of horizontal blast to clash, how far the blow position of tunnel fire hazard escape system has, and the CO concentration in passway for escaping changes hardly.This represents that the CO concentration in escape tunnel is insensitive to fire location.Show to adopt horizontal blast and the respiratory region that vertical ventilation combines to clash simultaneously and blow the personnel that tunnel fire hazard escape system is had the ability to evacuate fire under different fire location condition and occurred in tunnel afterwards.
As shown in figure 16, the fire alarm time is that fire is from occurring to warning institute elapsed time.Time of fire alarming is a very important parameter, because which determine, when ventilating system brings into operation.Under the different fire alarm time, adopt the respiratory region that combines with vertical ventilation of horizontal blast to clash to blow tunnel fire hazard escape system form time needed for passway for escaping no longer than 10s.So can think that clash tunnel fire hazard escape system of blowing of respiratory region that horizontal blast and vertical ventilation combine can both normally work under different time of fire alarming.Also after namely when fire occurs one section, open system also can form fire escape in time thus facilitate crowd evacuation again.
Claims (5)
1. a horizontal vertical is blown the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined, it is characterized in that, comprise plenum chamber (1), air-supply airduct (2) and smoke-proof pendant wall (5), wherein, described plenum chamber (1) is arranged in the wall of side, tunnel, plenum chamber (1) is connected with air-supply airduct (2), and airduct (2) of blowing is given a dinner for a visitor from afar machine; The lower end of plenum chamber (1) is provided with the first spout (3), and plenum chamber (1) is provided with the second spout (4) on the side in tunnel; The air-out of the first spout (3) is oriented horizontal direction, and the air-out of the second spout (4) is oriented straight down; Described smoke-proof pendant wall (5) is fixed on the second spout (4) on the sidewall of side, tunnel; The upper edge of the lower edge of described plenum chamber (1), smoke-proof pendant wall (5) upper edge, the first spout (3) is all concordant with the lower edge of the second spout (4); The lower edge of smoke-proof pendant wall (5) is concordant with the lower edge of the first spout (3); Second spout (4) is vertically crossing with the air-out of the first spout (3); The air supply velocity of described first spout (3) is 0.3m/s; The air-supply speed of the second spout (4) is 0.7m/s.
2. the blow respiratory region head-on collision that combines of horizontal vertical as claimed in claim 1 is blown tunnel fire hazard escape system, and it is characterized in that, the height residing for upper and lower edge of described first spout (3) is respectively 2m and 1.5m.
3. the blow respiratory region head-on collision that combines of horizontal vertical as claimed in claim 1 is blown tunnel fire hazard escape system, and it is characterized in that, the width of described first spout (3) is defined as 0.5m.
4. the blow respiratory region head-on collision that combines of horizontal vertical as claimed in claim 1 is blown tunnel fire hazard escape system, and it is characterized in that, the width of described second spout (4) is defined as 0.5m.
5. the blow respiratory region head-on collision that combines of horizontal vertical as claimed in claim 1 is blown tunnel fire hazard escape system, and it is characterized in that, the height residing for upper and lower edge of described smoke-proof pendant wall (5) is 2m and 1.5m.
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| CN201310150561.5A CN103267335B (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2013-04-26 | Horizontal vertical is blown the respiratory region head-on collision air-supply tunnel fire hazard escape system combined |
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| WO2003092818A1 (en) * | 2002-05-01 | 2003-11-13 | William Van Sprolant | Retractable anti-smoke screen gallery for confined spaces |
| EP1544408A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-06-22 | Vid ApS | A system for exhausting flue gases in a tunnel |
| JP4220344B2 (en) * | 2003-09-24 | 2009-02-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Tunnel ventilation control apparatus and method |
| CN201843635U (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-05-25 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Smoke proof device for tunnel safe passage |
| CN102538120A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-04 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Safe escape system of enclosed airflow channel at L-shaped building member edge |
| CN102563796A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-11 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Safe escape system for closed airflow channel in middle of building member |
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| WO2003092818A1 (en) * | 2002-05-01 | 2003-11-13 | William Van Sprolant | Retractable anti-smoke screen gallery for confined spaces |
| JP4220344B2 (en) * | 2003-09-24 | 2009-02-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Tunnel ventilation control apparatus and method |
| EP1544408A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-06-22 | Vid ApS | A system for exhausting flue gases in a tunnel |
| CN201843635U (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-05-25 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Smoke proof device for tunnel safe passage |
| CN102538120A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-04 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Safe escape system of enclosed airflow channel at L-shaped building member edge |
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