CN103266895A - Ocean sand excavation method - Google Patents
Ocean sand excavation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103266895A CN103266895A CN2013101972896A CN201310197289A CN103266895A CN 103266895 A CN103266895 A CN 103266895A CN 2013101972896 A CN2013101972896 A CN 2013101972896A CN 201310197289 A CN201310197289 A CN 201310197289A CN 103266895 A CN103266895 A CN 103266895A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ocean sand excavation method. An ocean sand excavation ship is used, and comprises a ship body and a shipborne sand excavation device, wherein the shipborne sand excavation device is provided with a mineral raising pipe, a return discharge pipe, a magnetic mineral separator, a control circuit and a computer device; the mineral raising pipe is installed on a walking device; the bottom of the mineral raising pipe is provided with an air lifting machine; the bottom of the mineral return pipe is provided with a tranquillization cover; the computer device is internally provided with a sand excavation operation management program; and the control circuit is used for controlling the walking device. According to the ocean sand excavation method, the mineral raising pipe is always kept to be vertical to the sea level in moving through the walking device, and the air lift efficiency is high; and the lifting return discharge pipe discharges waste materials to the bottom of the ocean, and the pollution to sea water is alleviated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ocean and adopt the sand method, the present invention uses boat-carrying to adopt sand equipment and finishes and adopt sand, ore dressing, return the waste discharge material, utilizes a computer installation to control adopting the sand complete operation.
Background technology
At present, the main flow process that the sand operation is adopted in the ocean is to extract ore in sand form earlier from the seabed, then ore in sand form is screened, and isolates ore particle, at last trash discharge is returned in the ocean.Chinese patent CN2304749Y has proposed a kind of small-sized sand ship of adopting, it comprises adopts the sand ship and adopts the sand machine, the afterbody of adopting the sand ship is provided with adopts sand mouth and sheath thereof, one side of adopting the sand mouth is provided with spacing track, adopting the sand machine is made up of frame, front supported beam, cant beam, pulley, wire rope, grab bucket, hoist engine, steering wheel and transmission mechanism, and adopt the sand mouth and can be designed to rectangle or square, and Contraband shape various ways.Present technique has simple in structure, easily processing, and cost is low, the steady safety of operation, characteristics such as convenient and practical.But this mode from the ocean surface wastage has had a strong impact on the ecological homeostasis and marine environment; And the ambiguity influence that sand also will face marine environment is adopted in the ocean, and the difficulty that makes the ocean adopt sand further strengthens.Therefore, need to propose a kind of ocean and adopt the sand method and apparatus.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ocean to adopt the sand method, the present invention uses boat-carrying to adopt sand equipment and finishes and adopt sand, ore dressing, return the waste discharge material, utilizes a computer installation to control adopting the sand complete operation.
The objective of the invention is to be realized by following technical proposals: the sand method is adopted in a kind of ocean, use an ocean to adopt the sand ship, described ocean is adopted the sand ship and is comprised that hull and boat-carrying adopt sand equipment, and described boat-carrying is adopted sand equipment and is provided with ore-raising pipe, returns comb, magnetic separator, control circuit, computer installation; Described ore-raising pipe is installed on the running gear, described running gear comprise vertical walking mechanism, laterally walking mechanism, vertically to walking mechanism; The bottom of described ore-raising pipe is provided with Pneumatic lift, described Pneumatic lift is provided with and sprays gaslift riser and air compressor, the tube wall of described injection gaslift riser is provided with gas-tpe fitting, and the gas outlet of described air compressor is connected with described gas-tpe fitting by gas-distribution pipe; Described ore-raising pipe is provided with adopts the sand probe, and the described sand probe of adopting is made up of a computer apparatus and a camera, and described camera is connected with described computer apparatus by data wire; A sediment transport conduit is set between described ore-raising pipe and the described magnetic separator, and described magnetic separator arranges ore particle feeder and garbage collection groove; Vertical elongated slot is set on the tube wall of described time comb; Described garbage collection groove one end extends to the inside of described go back to comb by described vertical elongated slot, and described time comb is installed on the lifting gear, and the bottom of described time comb is provided with the tranquillization cover, on the described time comb flow transmitter is set; Be equipped with in the described computer installation and adopt the sand job handling routine, described control circuit is used for the described running gear of control and described lifting gear; The step that sand is adopted in described ocean is:
A, adopt the sand staff with described ocean adopt the sand ship sail into the exploitation marine site, anchoring;
B, describedly adopt the sand staff and operate described computer installation and start the described sand job handling routine of adopting, the described sand probe of adopting sends to described computer installation with the ore in sand form distributed data of gathering, described computer installation arranges a plurality of sand positions of adopting according to described ore in sand form distributed data and adopts adopting the sand time of sand position with each, described control circuit is adopted the setting of sand job handling routine according to described, controlling described running gear drives described ore-raising pipe and moves to first and adopt the sand position, described injection gaslift riser is inserted in the ore in sand form layer in seabed, control described time comb of described lifting gear driving simultaneously and be down to the seabed;
C, described computer installation calculate the immersion rate according to the depth value of ore-raising pipe dive, and described computer installation is selected corresponding optimum air inflow according to described immersion rate, control the power output of described air compressor according to described optimum air inflow;
D, described Pneumatic lift promote ore in sand form to described ore-raising pipe top, and ore in sand form flows into described magnetic separator along described sediment transport conduit;
E, described magnetic separator are isolated ore particle and waste material from ore in sand form, ore particle is transported on the sand carrier along described ore particle feeder, and waste material is transported to described time comb along described garbage collection groove and drains into the seabed; Described flow transmitter sends to described computer installation with the data of gathering, and described control circuit is adopted the setting of sand job handling routine according to described, controls described lifting gear and progressively promotes comb described time;
F, the described sand time of adopting that first adopts the sand position finish, described control circuit is adopted the setting of sand job handling routine according to described, control described running gear and drive described ore-raising pipe and move to the next one and adopt the sand position, described injection gaslift riser is inserted in the ore in sand form layer in seabed; Adopt the sand operation according to what above-mentioned steps finished successively that all adopt the sand position.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, the ore-raising pipe among the present invention is installed on the running gear, realized ore-raising pipe longitudinally, laterally, moving freely on the vertical direction; Produce in the face of the ambiguity of marine environment influence the time, constantly keep ore-raising pipe perpendicular to horizontal plane, guarantee the efficient of airlift; When the different waters operation, can be with the height and position of the residing depth adjustment ore-raising pipe of ore in sand form.
2, the present invention adopts liftable time comb that waste material directly is disposed to the seabed, reduces the pollution to the ocean, keeps ecological balance, and protects the marine environment.
3, the comb bottom of returning among the present invention is provided with the tranquillization cover, can prevent that non-return row's waste material produces the sand phenomenon in dropping process, reduces the influence to benthic living environment.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Adopt the structural representation of sand ship among Fig. 1, the present invention;
Fig. 2, boat-carrying are adopted the structural representation of sand equipment;
The structural representation of Fig. 3, vertical walking mechanism and horizontal walking mechanism;
Fig. 4, vertical structure chart to walking mechanism;
The structural representation of Fig. 5, injection gaslift riser;
Fig. 6, the sand flow journey block diagram of adopting of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
(dotted line is represented the sea level among Fig. 1 referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 6, wave is represented ore in sand form), the sand method is adopted in ocean of the present invention, use an ocean to adopt the sand ship, described ocean is adopted the sand ship and is comprised that hull 1 and boat-carrying adopt sand equipment, and described boat-carrying is adopted sand equipment and is provided with ore-raising pipe 2, returns comb 3, magnetic separator 4, control circuit, computer installation; Described ore-raising pipe is installed on the running gear 5, described running gear comprise vertical walking mechanism 6, laterally walking mechanism 7, vertically to walking mechanism 8; The bottom of described ore-raising pipe is provided with Pneumatic lift, described Pneumatic lift is provided with and sprays gaslift riser 9 and air compressor, the tube wall of described injection gaslift riser is provided with gas-tpe fitting 10, and the gas outlet of described air compressor is connected with described gas-tpe fitting by gas-distribution pipe 11; Described ore-raising pipe is provided with adopts the sand probe, and the described sand probe of adopting is made up of a computer apparatus and a camera, and described camera is connected with described computer apparatus by data wire; A sediment transport conduit 12 is set between described ore-raising pipe and the described magnetic separator, and described magnetic separator arranges ore particle feeder 13 and garbage collection groove 14; Vertical elongated slot 15 is set on the tube wall of described time comb; Described garbage collection groove one end extends to the inside of described go back to comb by described vertical elongated slot, and described time comb is installed on the lifting gear 16, and the bottom of described time comb is provided with tranquillization cover 17, on the described time comb flow transmitter is set; Be equipped with in the described computer installation and adopt the sand job handling routine, described control circuit is used for the described running gear of control and described lifting gear.
The step that sand is adopted in described ocean is:
A, adopt the sand staff with described ocean adopt the sand ship sail into the exploitation marine site, anchoring;
B, describedly adopt the sand staff and operate described computer installation and start the described sand job handling routine of adopting, the described sand probe of adopting sends to described computer installation with the ore in sand form distributed data of gathering, described computer installation arranges a plurality of sand positions of adopting according to described ore in sand form distributed data and adopts adopting the sand time of sand position with each, described control circuit is adopted the setting of sand job handling routine according to described, controlling described running gear 5 drives described ore-raising pipe 2 and moves to first and adopt the sand position, described injection gaslift riser 9 is inserted in the ore in sand form layer in seabed, control described time comb 3 of described lifting gear 16 drivings simultaneously and be down to the seabed; In the present embodiment, between 150～200 meters, ore-raising pipe is positioned on the ship highly greater than 50 meters ore-raising pipe in undersea length; The particle diameter of ore in sand form is 10 millimeters;
C, described computer installation calculate the immersion rate according to the depth value of ore-raising pipe dive, and described computer installation is selected corresponding optimum air inflow according to described immersion rate, control the power output of described air compressor according to described optimum air inflow; Immersion rate design formulas λ=L
s-L
g/ L-L
g, in the formula: λ is the immersion rate; L is the height that riser is exported to the ore in sand form surface; L
sHeight for ore in sand form surface to sea; L
gBe the height of ore in sand form surface to air inlet port; Optimum air inflow and corresponding immersion rate are pre-stored in the computer installation; In the present embodiment, λ=0.37 o'clock, optimum air inflow is 27m
3/ h; λ=0.42 o'clock, optimum air inflow is 21m
3/ h;
In the present embodiment, the efficient of airlift is mainly reflected on sand ability and the pumping capacity, and the principal element that gaslift sand ability and pumping capacity are sprayed in influence is air inflow and immersion rate.Experimental results show that: the immersion rate is more high, and the amount of pumping up water, sand amount are more big, and sand efficient is more high.Under higher immersion rate, the sand amount hour can reach maximum value in air inflow.Have optimum air inflow, make the injection gaslift amount of pumping up water, sand amount and efficient reach the highest, greater than optimum air inflow, the amount of pumping up water and sand amount have downward trend;
D, described Pneumatic lift promote ore in sand form to described ore-raising pipe 2 tops, and ore in sand form flows into described magnetic separator 4 along described sediment transport conduit 12; In the present embodiment, spraying the gaslift operating principle is: compressed air enters the annulus through gas-tpe fitting, because compressed air produces high velocity air after 18 ejections of annulus, because the impact of air-flow and liquid, form a lot of bubbles, bubble moves upward along vertical tube wall, solidliquid mixture enters mixing chamber 20 through suction pipe 19, carry out energy exchange with compressed air, enter trunnion 21 then, realize the abundant mixing of gas, liquid, solid, enter anemostat 22 subsequently, the realization mixture, is exported finally by ore-raising pipe to the pressure transformation of energy by kinetic energy;
E, described magnetic separator are isolated ore particle and waste material from ore in sand form, ore particle is transported on the sand carrier along described ore particle feeder 13, and waste material is transported to described time comb 3 along described garbage collection groove 14 and drains into the seabed; Described flow transmitter sends to described computer installation with the data of gathering, and described control circuit is adopted the setting of sand job handling routine according to described, controls described lifting gear 16 and progressively promotes comb described time; In the present embodiment, waste material is antiquated sand, the sea mixture of biology, seawater etc. down, and the maximum tranquillization angle of waste material is 40 degree, and the bottom of returning comb is provided with the tranquillization cover, and the tranquillization cover is inverted funnel-form, and its tapering is greater than maximum tranquillization angle 5 degree;
F, the described sand time of adopting that first adopts the sand position finish, described control circuit is adopted the setting of sand job handling routine according to described, control described running gear and drive described ore-raising pipe and move to the next one and adopt the sand position, described injection gaslift riser is inserted in the ore in sand form layer in seabed; Adopt the sand operation according to what above-mentioned steps finished successively that all adopt the sand position.
In the present embodiment, adopting the sand boats and ships is normally reequiped with large-scale retired oil tanker, warship.The technology contents that boat-carrying is adopted sand equipment please refer to embodiment two disclosed contents.
Embodiment two:
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 (dotted line is represented the sea level among Fig. 1, and wave is represented ore in sand form), in the present embodiment, described boat-carrying is adopted sand equipment and is provided with ore-raising pipe 2, returns comb 3, magnetic separator 4, control circuit, computer installation; Described ore-raising pipe is installed on the running gear 5, described running gear comprise vertical walking mechanism 6, laterally walking mechanism 7, vertically to walking mechanism 8; The bottom of described ore-raising pipe is provided with Pneumatic lift, described Pneumatic lift is provided with and sprays gaslift riser 9 and air compressor, the tube wall of described injection gaslift riser is provided with gas-tpe fitting 10, and the gas outlet of described air compressor is connected with described gas-tpe fitting by gas-distribution pipe 11; Described ore-raising pipe is provided with adopts the sand probe, and the described sand probe of adopting is made up of a computer apparatus and a camera, and described camera is connected with described computer apparatus by data wire; A sediment transport conduit 12 is set between described ore-raising pipe and the described magnetic separator, and described magnetic separator arranges ore particle feeder 13 and garbage collection groove 14; Vertical elongated slot 15 is set on the tube wall of described time comb; Described garbage collection groove one end extends to the inside of described go back to comb by described vertical elongated slot, and described time comb is installed on the lifting gear 16, and the bottom of described time comb is provided with tranquillization cover 17, on the described time comb flow transmitter is set; Be equipped with in the described computer installation and adopt the sand job handling routine, the program of coupling is installed in the described control circuit.
In the present embodiment, ore-raising pipe 2 and time comb 3 all are the steel pipes that vertically arranges, magnetic separator 4 can be selected equipment of the prior art for use, for example the disclosed drum-type magnetic force of Chinese patent CN201300091Y turns over and selects ore separators, also can select the disclosed magnetic screening machine of Chinese patent CN1158279A.The present invention adopts Computer Control Technology, and described computer installation and control circuit adopt conventional technological means, are not described in detail.
In the present embodiment, the described sand probe of adopting is made up of a computer apparatus and a camera, and described camera is connected with described computer apparatus by data wire; Before extracting ore in sand form, use a computer apparatus and a camera that the data that ore in sand form distributes are gathered, data wire and the computer apparatus of camera is online, can observe the image that ore in sand form distributes by computer screen.In the present embodiment, computer apparatus is portable computer or panel computer, and camera is 2,000,000 pixel camera heads, and camera is connected with the USB interface of computer by data wire.In the present embodiment, on the described time comb flow transmitter is set, flow transmitter belongs to prior art, can use the flow transmitter of the BW_LJG model of Nanjing Proview instrument and meter Co., Ltd production.
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, laterally be provided with a walker 701 in the walking mechanism 7, four road wheels 702 are installed in the walker bottom, have a drive motors to be connected with one of them traction drive by reducer; Along laterally being set up in parallel two tracks 703, walker can move back and forth along track (laterally) by road wheel on the hull.In the present embodiment, vertically be provided with a walking dolly 601 in the walking mechanism 6, four road wheels 602 are installed in the walking dolly bottom, have a drive motors to be connected with one of them traction drive by reducer; Longitudinally be set up in parallel two tracks 603 on the walker, walking dolly can move back and forth along track (vertically) by road wheel.Referring to Fig. 4, in the present embodiment, vertically in walking mechanism 8, a vertical carriage 801 is arranged, described ore-raising pipe is fixed on the described vertical carriage, vertical carriage is installed by guide sleeve and two slide rails 802, on the vertical carriage pushnut 803 is set also, and vertical carriage is threaded with augering screw 804 by this pushnut, one end of augering screw is connected with stepper motor 805 by shaft coupling, and stepper motor, two slide rails, augering screws all are installed on the base 806.On vertically being fixed on walking dolly in vertical walking mechanism to the flange of walking mechanism by its base.In the present embodiment, a shears is arranged in the lifting gear 16, described time comb is fixed on the described shears, and the frame for movement of lifting gear is not described one by one with vertically basic identical to walking mechanism; Lifting gear is fixed on the deck of hull by its base.
Referring to Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, described Pneumatic lift is provided with and sprays gaslift riser 9 and air compressor, and the tube wall of described injection gaslift riser is provided with gas-tpe fitting 10, and described air compressor is connected with described gas-tpe fitting by gas-distribution pipe 11; Gas-distribution pipe is a flexible pipe.Air compressor is installed in hull interior, does not show among the figure.Referring to Fig. 5, in the present embodiment, described injection gaslift riser 9 sets gradually suction pipe 19, mixing chamber 20, trunnion 21, anemostat 22 from the bottom to top, is provided with annulus 18 between described suction pipe and the mixing chamber, and described trunnion is connected with described ore-raising pipe by flange 23.
Claims (1)
1. the sand method is adopted in an ocean, it is characterized in that: use an ocean to adopt the sand ship, described ocean is adopted the sand ship and is comprised that hull and boat-carrying adopt sand equipment, and described boat-carrying is adopted sand equipment and is provided with ore-raising pipe, returns comb, magnetic separator, control circuit, computer installation; Described ore-raising pipe is installed on the running gear, described running gear comprise vertical walking mechanism, laterally walking mechanism, vertically to walking mechanism; The bottom of described ore-raising pipe is provided with Pneumatic lift, described Pneumatic lift is provided with and sprays gaslift riser and air compressor, the tube wall of described injection gaslift riser is provided with gas-tpe fitting, and the gas outlet of described air compressor is connected with described gas-tpe fitting by gas-distribution pipe; Described ore-raising pipe is provided with adopts the sand probe, and the described sand probe of adopting is made up of a computer apparatus and a camera, and described camera is connected with described computer apparatus by data wire; A sediment transport conduit is set between described ore-raising pipe and the described magnetic separator, and described magnetic separator arranges ore particle feeder and garbage collection groove; Vertical elongated slot is set on the tube wall of described time comb; Described garbage collection groove one end extends to the inside of described go back to comb by described vertical elongated slot, and described time comb is installed on the lifting gear, and the bottom of described time comb is provided with the tranquillization cover, on the described time comb flow transmitter is set; Be equipped with in the described computer installation and adopt the sand job handling routine, described control circuit is used for the described running gear of control and described lifting gear; The step that sand is adopted in described ocean is:
A, adopt the sand staff with described ocean adopt the sand ship sail into the exploitation marine site, anchoring;
B, describedly adopt the sand staff and operate described computer installation and start the described sand job handling routine of adopting, the described sand probe of adopting sends to described computer installation with the ore in sand form distributed data of gathering, described computer installation arranges a plurality of sand positions of adopting according to described ore in sand form distributed data and adopts adopting the sand time of sand position with each, described control circuit is adopted the setting of sand job handling routine according to described, controlling described running gear drives described ore-raising pipe and moves to first and adopt the sand position, described injection gaslift riser is inserted in the ore in sand form layer in seabed, control described time comb of described lifting gear driving simultaneously and be down to the seabed;
C, described computer installation calculate the immersion rate according to the depth value of ore-raising pipe dive, and described computer installation is selected corresponding optimum air inflow according to described immersion rate, control the power output of described air compressor according to described optimum air inflow;
D, described Pneumatic lift promote ore in sand form to described ore-raising pipe top, and ore in sand form flows into described magnetic separator along described sediment transport conduit;
E, described magnetic separator are isolated ore particle and waste material from ore in sand form, ore particle is transported on the sand carrier along described ore particle feeder, and waste material is transported to described time comb along described garbage collection groove and drains into the seabed; Described flow transmitter sends to described computer installation with the data of gathering, and described control circuit is adopted the setting of sand job handling routine according to described, controls described lifting gear and progressively promotes comb described time;
F, the described sand time of adopting that first adopts the sand position finish, described control circuit is adopted the setting of sand job handling routine according to described, control described running gear and drive described ore-raising pipe and move to the next one and adopt the sand position, described injection gaslift riser is inserted in the ore in sand form layer in seabed; Adopt the sand operation according to what above-mentioned steps finished successively that all adopt the sand position.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310197289.6A CN103266895B (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2013-05-24 | Ocean sand excavation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310197289.6A CN103266895B (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2013-05-24 | Ocean sand excavation method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103266895A true CN103266895A (en) | 2013-08-28 |
| CN103266895B CN103266895B (en) | 2014-11-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108868775A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-23 | 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of marine mining system |
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| CN102650138A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-29 | 朱知富 | Mud/sand suction ship with air suction and exhaust pump as power |
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| US4206057A (en) * | 1977-06-08 | 1980-06-03 | Ballast-Nedam Groep N.V. | Dredging vessel |
| CN2118754U (en) * | 1992-01-03 | 1992-10-14 | 王水 | Dredger ship for shipping |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108868775B (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2024-03-22 | 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 | Underwater mining system |
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| CN103266895B (en) | 2014-11-26 |
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