Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to carry out innovative design to the jaw structure and control mode etc. of mobile steel rail flash welder, make welding machine accomplish the welding of the multiple rail type such as (common) rail and grooved rail.
A kind of portable grooved rail flash welder, comprise at least two welding machine jaw clamping devices 1 and be attached thereto the welding control end 2 connect, wherein, jaw device 1 comprises jaw rotating shaft 15, " the left jaw 12 of [" type, "] " the right jaw 13 of type and electrode cushion block 11, is characterized in that, jaw rotating shaft 15 lower end is provided with tread locating piece 14, and " [" type left jaw 12 upper end is connected with jaw rotating shaft 15; "] " type right jaw 13 upper end is connected with jaw rotating shaft 15, and electrode cushion block 11 is arranged at right jaw 13 lower end inside.The position of pad pole block 11 have selected the web of the rail position below grooved rail groove, and only pads at this, like this, the opening dimension of jaw can being made to reduce, realizing two-way clamping than being easier to.
Welding control end 2 comprises welding transformer 21 and coupled moving frame 221, quiet frame 222, and moving frame 221, quiet frame 222 connect welding machine jaw clamping device 1 respectively.
Jaw device 1 comprises jaw rotating shaft 15, " the left jaw 12 of [" type, "] " the right jaw 13 of type and electrode cushion block 11, is characterized in that, jaw rotating shaft 15 lower end is provided with tread locating piece 14, and " [" type left jaw 12 upper end is connected with jaw rotating shaft 15; "] " type right jaw 13 upper end is connected with jaw rotating shaft 15, and electrode cushion block 11 is arranged at right jaw 13 lower end inside.The position of pad pole block 11 have selected the web of the rail position below grooved rail groove, and only pads at this, like this, the opening dimension of jaw can being made to reduce, realizing two-way clamping than being easier to.
" [" type left jaw 12 bottom is provided with left electroplax 121; "] " type left jaw 13 bottom is provided with right electroplax 131.
Left electroplax 121 top is provided with left support point 1211; Right electroplax 131 top is provided with right support point 1311.
The right electroplax 131 that " the left jaw 12 of [" type, "] " right jaw of type 13 and " left electroplax 121 and "] that [" type left jaw 12 bottom is arranged " type left jaw 13 bottom are arranged is symmetrical.Adopt electrode symmetrical design mode, only need cushion block pad below the grooved rail groove of inner side, just can realize the two-way clamping of left and right inguinal canal type rail.
Electrode cushion block 11 is in strip cuboid, and its material is conducting metal and magnetic material, and its stage casing is magnetic veener 111, and two ends are conducting surface 112.Two ends are the object of conducting surface 112 is conductions, and therefore designing material have employed the good material of electric conductivity.In order to make cushion block easy to use, cushion block devises magnetic material veneer 111, such cushion block comparatively can be easy to the web of the rail position of placing grooved rail.
Removable between electrode cushion block 11 and right jaw 13, and left jaw 12 or right jaw 13 side arbitrarily can be installed on.
Welding control end 2 comprises welding transformer 21, wherein, welding transformer just directly connects power supply 20 in pole 211, be communicated with electrical signal collection device 213 simultaneously, welding transformer time pole 212 connects moving frame 221 and quiet frame 222, the dynamic and static frame insulation stiff end 224 that quiet frame 222 connects oil cylinder 223 and left end is fixed, and indirect moving frame 221.
Moving frame 221 is connected the driving power resources of oil cylinder 223 in hydraulic power source 23 with quiet frame 222, drives cylinder action direction and stretching speed to be realized by fast hydraulic pressure valve 24 and speed-regulating hydraulic valve 25.Drive the command source of fast hydraulic pressure valve 24 and speed-regulating hydraulic valve 25 in parameter setter 26 and cyclelog 27.
Before welding grooved rail, welding condition is input to parameter setter 26, in welding process, sends instruction by cyclelog 27, drive fast hydraulic pressure valve 24 or speed-regulating hydraulic valve 25, thus drive dynamic and static frame to connect oil cylinder 223 action.
When electrical signal collection device 213 receive signal bigger than normal with cyclelog 27 time, cyclelog 27 sends instruction to fast hydraulic pressure valve 24 or speed-regulating hydraulic valve 25, drive dynamic and static frame to connect oil cylinder 223 to extend, moving frame 221 and quiet frame 222 displacement reduce (opposing and go); When electrical signal collection device 213 receive signal more too low with cyclelog 27 time, cyclelog 27 sends instruction to fast hydraulic pressure valve 24 or speed-regulating hydraulic valve 25, drive moving frame 221 to be connected oil cylinder 223 with quiet frame 222 frame to shorten, moving frame 221 and quiet frame 222 displacement increase (going in the same direction).
Drive moving frame 221 to be connected oil cylinder 223 stretching speed with quiet frame 222 to be required to determine according to cyclelog 27 by fast hydraulic pressure valve 24 or speed-regulating hydraulic valve 25, direction and size determine according to voltage required during welding, electric current and the requirement of time, and unification sends instruction by cyclelog 27.
Welding transformer 21, coil winding mode is separate type; Tieing connected mode is additional copper coin connection.To transformer device structure, canoe etc. improve, and improve welding transformer power output, reduce inside transformer consumption, improve welding efficiency.
The welding technology of mobile grooved rail flash welder adopts multistage pulsation and multistage flash of light speed change mode of heating.
In the welding technology of welding machine, the multistage pulsating heating stage is divided into 4 time periods, and the multistage flash of light speed change heating period is divided into 5 time periods.Wherein, the voltage in each stage is step-less adjustment, and power supply 20 and moving frame 221, quiet frame 222 velocity of displacement are divided into 5 grades, are respectively F.F., slow-motion, stop, move back slowly and rewind.
In the pulsating heating stage, be heated to be master with grooved rail 3 welding heat affected zone; In the speed change heating period, be heated to be master with grooved rail 3 end face.
Owing to having carried out multistage pulsation and multistage flash of light speed change mode of heating, the technology stability during welding of grooved rail effectively can be realized.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, one provided by the invention mobile grooved rail flash welder is described in detail.
The object of the invention is to carry out innovative design to the jaw structure of mobile steel rail flash welder, on the basis not changing welding machine jaw opening angle, electrode still adopts symmetrical structure to design, parts are increased when clamping grooved rail, these parts are applied to one side of the grooved web of the rail, both can solve grooved rail two-way clamping problem, also solving large scale tread stretches into jaw problem simultaneously.Moreover, because the opening angle of jaw does not change, when needs welding common symmetric rail, by providing for simple replacement of electrode, just can realize easily, to welding common symmetric rail, making welding machine accomplish the welding of the multiple rail type such as rail and grooved rail.
Shown in Fig. 1, mobile grooved rail flash welder comprises at least two welding machine jaw clamping devices 1 and is attached thereto the welding control end 2 connect.
As shown in Figure 1, jaw clamping device 1 comprises jaw rotating shaft 15, " the left jaw 12 of [" type, "] " the right jaw 13 of type and electrode cushion block 11, jaw rotating shaft 15 lower end is provided with tread locating piece 14, and " [" type left jaw 12 upper end is connected with jaw rotating shaft 15; "] " type right jaw 13 upper end is connected with jaw rotating shaft 15, and electrode cushion block 11 is arranged at right jaw 13 lower end inside.The position of electrode cushion block 11 have selected the web of the rail position below grooved rail groove, and only pads at this.
The consideration for two aspects like this: be easy to use on the one hand, because only need pad during welding; Be the cross section of grooved rail own and unsymmetric structure on the other hand, rail head is just in time partial to groove to select below pad groove and the overall centre of form can be made to be in relatively middle position, like this, the opening dimension of jaw can be made to reduce, realize two-way clamping than being easier to.
" [" type left jaw 12 bottom is provided with left electroplax 121; "] " type left jaw 13 bottom is provided with right electroplax 131.
Left electroplax 121 top is provided with left support point 1211; Right electroplax 131 top is provided with right support point 1311.
Shown in Fig. 3, utilize the elastomer on grooved rail groove lower jaw electrode 32 upwards to exert a force, meanwhile, electrode is loin restriction grooved rail 3 transverse shifting in-orbit, grooved rail tread 31 is contacted with welding machine rail head locating piece 14 and locates.
Welding machine jaw clamps grooved rail and the mode preventing grooved rail from moving longitudinally and common welding machine change to some extent, below clamping grooved rail rail head, the electrode of web of the rail side 33 rigidly fixes with welding machine jaw, therefore, this can be relied on grooved rail 3 to be fixed on the jaw 1 of welding machine.
Web of the rail opposite side 34, because electrode cushion block 11 and electrode 131 are only that contact surface is connected, grooved rail 3 is in indirect connection with jaw 1, and it is fix by the contact surface 33 of single-sided electrode 121 with the grooved rail side web of the rail to a great extent that this structure fixes grooved rail 3 in jaw 1.
The right electroplax 131 that " the left jaw 12 of [" type, "] " right jaw of type 13 and " left electroplax 121 and "] that [" type left jaw 12 bottom is arranged " type left jaw 13 bottom are arranged is symmetrical.
As shown in Figure 4, because grooved rail cross section is originally as unsymmetric structure, welding machine on the line faced by be left and right inguinal canal type rail groove all to the inside, welding left and right inguinal canal type rail must two-wayly all can clamp, if the electrode asymmetric design of welding machine, must carry out the rotation of 180 degree when being welded on left and right stock conversion welding, this is very unpractical.And adopt electrode symmetrical design mode, only need cushion block pad below the grooved rail groove of inner side, just can realize the two-way clamping of left and right inguinal canal type rail.
Shown in Fig. 5, electrode cushion block 11 is in strip cuboid, and its material is conducting metal and magnetic material, and its stage casing is magnetic veener 111, and two ends are conducting surface 112.Two ends are the object of conducting surface 112 is conductions, and therefore designing material have employed the good material of electric conductivity.In order to make cushion block easy to use, cushion block devises magnetic material veneer 111, such cushion block comparatively can be easy to the web of the rail position of placing grooved rail.
Shown in Fig. 6, welding control end 2 comprises welding transformer 21, wherein, welding transformer just directly connects power supply 20 in pole 211, be communicated with electrical signal collection device 213 simultaneously, welding transformer time pole 212 connects moving frame 221 and quiet frame 222, and quiet frame 222 connects the moving frame 221 of oil cylinder 22 and left end and quiet frame 222 stiff end 224 that insulate to be fixed, and moving frame 221 indirectly.
Moving frame 221 is connected the driving power resources of oil cylinder 223 in hydraulic power source 23 with quiet frame 222, drives cylinder action direction and stretching speed to be realized by fast hydraulic pressure valve 24 and speed-regulating hydraulic valve 25.Drive the command source of fast hydraulic pressure valve 24 and speed-regulating hydraulic valve 25 in parameter setter 26 and cyclelog 27.
Before welding grooved rail, welding condition is input to parameter setter 26, in welding process, sends instruction by cyclelog 27, drive fast hydraulic pressure valve 24 or speed-regulating hydraulic valve 25, thus drive dynamic and static frame to connect oil cylinder 223 action.
When electrical signal collection device 213 receive signal bigger than normal with cyclelog 27 time, cyclelog 27 sends instruction to fast hydraulic pressure valve 24 or speed-regulating hydraulic valve 25, drive dynamic and static frame to connect oil cylinder 223 to extend, moving frame 221 and quiet frame 222 displacement reduce (opposing and go); When electrical signal collection device 213 receive signal more too low with cyclelog 27 time, cyclelog 27 sends instruction to fast hydraulic pressure valve 24 or speed-regulating hydraulic valve 25, drive moving frame 221 to be connected oil cylinder 223 with quiet frame 222 to shorten, moving frame 221 and quiet frame 222 displacement increase (going in the same direction).
Drive moving frame 224 to be connected oil cylinder 223 stretching speed with quiet frame 222 to be required to determine according to cyclelog 27 by fast hydraulic pressure valve 24 or speed-regulating hydraulic valve 25, direction and size determine according to voltage required during welding, electric current and the requirement of time, and unification sends instruction by cyclelog 27.
Welding control system have employed multistage pulsation and the design of multistage flash of light speed change mode of heating, change current feedback mode, change in order to multichannel is entered, stopped and move back mode by single channel forward and back, by increasing a set of special electrohydraulic servo system and the realization of supporting control software design.
Adopt the main purpose of the method to be coordinate welding transformer, accurately realize the realization to grooved rail welding procedure.Make the homogeneous heating of grooved rail welding end surface in the pulsation stage of welding, do not form group flashing light, and pulsation is very stable, so just can guarantee that grooved rail welding procedure is stablized, for continuous acceleration flash of light subsequently lays a good foundation.At the continuous acceleration flash stage in welding latter stage, this system effectively can ensure that grooved rail group flashing light does not occur that the wild effect such as short circuit or open circuit occurs, and has widened the debugging scope of welding procedure.
Welding transformer 21, coil winding mode is separate type; Tieing connected mode is additional copper coin connection.According to grooved rail section structure feature, the thinner thickness of the web of the rail and the flange of rail, the characteristic of the transformer of normal welding power supply is not suitable for welding grooved rail, for this reason, to transformer device structure, canoes etc. improve, improve welding transformer power output, reduce inside transformer consumption, improve welding efficiency, in particular improve the Weldability of welding heavy in section, the thin web of the rail, flange of rail rail, reduce the probability that flange of rail weld seam greyness generates.
Multistage pulsation and multistage flash of light speed change mode of heating realize as shown in Figure 7.Be divided into 4 and 5 time periods in welding pulsation and acceleration flash stage, the voltage in each stage is step-less adjustment, and electric current 20 and moving frame 221, quiet frame 222 velocity of displacement are divided into 5 grades, are respectively F.F., slow-motion, stop, move back slowly and rewind.
For the pulsation stage in 1 to stage of stage 4, be heated to be master with grooved rail 3 welding heat affected zone, electric current 40 is higher, and voltage is lower, and total displacement amount is less.Along with the increase of grooved rail end face heat, increase voltage 44 will suitably decline to overcome displacement 41, electric current 40 and dynamic and static frame connect oil cylinder 223 stretching speed (displacement 41 speed) and all should adjust, owing to having carried out multistage pulsating scintillation, the technology stability during welding of grooved rail effectively can be realized.
For the acceleration flash stage in 5 to stage of stage 9, be heated to be master with grooved rail end face, electric current 40 is lower, and voltage is higher, and total displacement amount is larger.Owing to differing greatly with the optimum configurations of previous stage, therefore, multistage transition is needed could to realize the continuity of technical process, as shown in Figure 7, stage 5,6 achieves continuous voltage and raises and continuing current flow decline, does not occur short circuit and breaking phenomena, and 7 to the stage of stage 9 enters steady and continuous flash of light.
This portable grooved rail flash welder is also completely compatible for common rail welding.As shown in Figure 8, after left and right electrode is changed, directly can clamp rail, because common rail itself is full symmetric, therefore, line weld not by the impact in direction, meanwhile, because the rail head width of rail is narrower, without the need to increasing electrode cushion block, the angle that jaw opens is the same with grooved rail opening angle, so just without the need to transforming other places of clamping device.Certainly, other positions for welding machine have the characteristic of compatible common rail welding too, therefore, effectively can weld the rail of other kinds.
Finally it should be noted that, above embodiment is only in order to describe technical scheme of the present invention instead of to limit this technical method, the present invention can extend in application other amendment, change, application and embodiment, and therefore think that all such amendments, change, application, embodiment are all in spirit of the present invention and teachings.