CN103264016B - A kind of material grading apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of material grading apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103264016B CN103264016B CN201310144994.XA CN201310144994A CN103264016B CN 103264016 B CN103264016 B CN 103264016B CN 201310144994 A CN201310144994 A CN 201310144994A CN 103264016 B CN103264016 B CN 103264016B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of material grading apparatus, comprise blower fan, grade divides to fall room and be arranged on described grade and divide and fall air-flow jet pipe on the sidewall of room and charging aperture, described air-flow jet pipe is connected with described blower fan, described air-flow jet pipe place straight line and described charging aperture place straight line have an intersection point, and described air-flow nozzle hole place straight line is horizontal line; Divide the bottom falling room to arrange several hoppers in described grade, the diameter of air-flow nozzle hole is 8-30 times of material particles average diameter.The present invention utilizes the adjustable high velocity air of air-flow nozzle hole, according to the specific area difference of the material fallen from charging aperture, give the horizontal movement speed that different-grain diameter material is different, thus obtain different horizontal displacement distances, leaving, it divides with gravity fall to grade in the corresponding hopper fallen bottom room again, realizes classification object.Further, material does not contact any screening plant body, and do not have relative friction forces, equipment loss is little.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material grading apparatus field, especially, relate to a kind of material grading apparatus that can carry out real-time multi-layer classification to material.
Background technology
Vibrosieve equipment (as: linear vibrating screen, oval-shaped equal-thickness vibrating screen) is the visual plant of current solid material classification, is widely used in the industries such as mine, building materials, coal separation, the energy, chemical industry.Vibrosieve equipment is generally the exciting force utilizing vibrator (eccentric block or eccentric shaft) to produce, sieve nest is made to do periodic reverse vibration along exciting force direction, material circumference on compass screen surface is beated, required compass screen surface is arrived, to reach classification object regular for the stock grading of different size by different sieve apertures; Amplitude can be adjusted by the weight adjusting eccentric block.
But there is following shortcoming in this equipment:
1, equipment is merely able to carry out point scraping of a particle diameter, if need the material of multiple particle diameter, then needs to use multiple stage screening plant simultaneously;
2, screening plant adopts sieve plate to carry out stock grading, when after sieve pore blockade, screening efficiency can be caused obviously to decline, and the service life of sieve plate only has 2-3 month, and maintenance cost is high; Equipment failure rate is high, and the life-span is short, and in general, the bulk life time of vibratory sieve equipment was at about 5 years;
3, floor space is wide, high to the requirement of foundation of civil work; Each vibrosieve equipment has 2-3 to vibrator, and operation energy consumption is large, needs supporting independently dust pelletizing system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of material grading apparatus, to solve the technical problem of multi-layer classification, reduction classifying equipoment fault rate simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of material grading apparatus, comprise blower fan, grade divides to fall room and be arranged on described grade and divide and fall air-flow jet pipe on the sidewall of room and charging aperture, described air-flow jet pipe is connected with described blower fan, described air-flow jet pipe central symmetry axis and described charging aperture central symmetry axis have an intersection point, and described air-flow nozzle hole central symmetry axis is horizontal line;
Divide the bottom falling room to arrange several hoppers in described grade, by the hopper nearest apart from described charging aperture as first hopper, then the A/F of first hopper is W
1:
W
1＝1.5*L
1
Wherein, L
1for falling into the horizontal flight distance of the material of first hopper, R is resistance coefficient, and ρ is atmospheric density, v
afor air-flow absolute velocity, h is air-flow nozzle hole diameter, and H is the vertical height that charging aperture to grade divides the bottom falling room, and γ is the density of material, and d is the material particular diameter of screening;
The diameter h of described air-flow nozzle hole is 8-30 times of material particles average diameter.
Preferably, divide the point of interface of the bottom falling room as initial point in the vertical straight line at described air-flow nozzle exit place and grade, the width of N number of hopper is the distance between the distalis of N number of hopper and nearside point;
The distance of nearside point and initial point is Tn:T
n=(L
n+ L
n-1n>=2)/2
Namely the nearside point position of N number of hopper is the horizontal flight distance that falls into the material of N number of hopper and the half of horizontal flight distance sum of material falling into N-1 hopper;
The distance of distalis and initial point is Yn:Y
n=(3L
n-L
n-1n>=2)/2;
The distalis position of N number of hopper is 3 times of horizontal flight distances falling into the material of N number of hopper and the half of difference of horizontal flight distance of material falling into N-1 hopper.
Preferably, the integral thickness of described material is 10-20 times of material average grain diameter.
Preferably, described grade divides the afterbody falling room to arrange deduster, and the bottom of described deduster arranges ash bucket.
Preferably, described deduster and described grade divide the opposite end falling room link to arrange pipeline to be connected to described blower fan.
Preferably, the grade minute between hopper distalis and next hopper nearside point is fallen mid point bottom room and is arranged baffle plate.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, realize multi-layer classification simultaneously: because the particle diameter of material is different, the specific area of material then can be different, and under certain drop, the speed of material under airflow function of different-grain diameter just there will be difference, and the range ability of material on horizontal level is different.According to this principle, the present invention utilizes the adjustable high velocity air of air-flow nozzle hole, according to the specific area difference of the material fallen from charging aperture, give the horizontal movement speed that different-grain diameter material is different, thus obtain different horizontal displacement distances, leaving, it divides with gravity fall to grade in the corresponding hopper fallen bottom room again, realizes classification object; The grade of material and horizontal range can be regulated by the current rate of blower fan, easy to use;
2, equipment failure rate is low: material is and obtains different horizontal velocities after air flow contacts thus classification, and material does not contact any screening plant body in fact, and do not have relative friction forces, equipment loss is little, and the life-span is long;
3, micro-discharge: equipment air-flow recycles, micronic dust can precipitate gradually in cyclic process, realizes zero-emission to external world, environmental protection.
Except object described above, feature and advantage, the present invention also has other object, feature and advantage.Below with reference to figure, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing forming a application's part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the device structure sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, 1, blower fan, 2, grade divides and fall room, 3, air-flow jet pipe, 4, charging aperture, 5, hopper, 6, deduster, 7, ash bucket, 8, baffle plate.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in detail, but the multitude of different ways that the present invention can limit according to claim and cover is implemented.
See Fig. 1, a kind of material grading apparatus, comprise blower fan 1, grade divides to fall room 2 and be arranged on described grade and divide and fall air-flow jet pipe 3 on the sidewall of room 2 and charging aperture 4, described air-flow jet pipe 3 is connected with described blower fan 1, described air-flow jet pipe 3 central symmetry axis and described charging aperture 4 central symmetry axis have an intersection point, and described air-flow jet pipe 3 export center symmetry axis is horizontal line;
Divide the bottom falling room 2 to arrange several hoppers 5 in described grade, by the hopper 5 nearest apart from described charging aperture 4 as first hopper, then the A/F of first hopper is W
1:
W
1＝1.5*L
1
Consider the dispersion in material dropping process and deviation, by first hopper width W
1be set to the horizontal flying distance L of material
11.5 times, make material fall into hopper central position.
And fall into the horizontal flight distance L of the material of first hopper
1computational process as following:
In the gas flow, the size being subject to the directed force F of air-flow when material does relative motion to air-flow is:
F＝Rρs(v
a-v)
2
In formula, R is resistance coefficient, and with material shapes, surface nature is relevant with Reynolds number; ρ is atmospheric density, and unit is kg/m
3; S is the front face area of material, and namely material is in the projected area of airflow direction, and unit is m
2; v
afor the absolute velocity of air-flow, unit is m/s; V is the absolute velocity of material, and unit is m/s.
In order to simplify calculating, do not consider the diffusion of spout air-flow, setting material is 0 (level, vertical component velocity are 0) by the speed before spout, and material particular diameter is d, then material by the time t of spout is:
So horizontal component velocity v of being obtained by spout of material
levelfor:
V
level=Ft/m
In formula, m is the quality of material particles, and unit is Kg.
After abbreviation
In formula, γ is the density of material, and unit is kg/m
3.
To a certain fixture, fixing material,
it is a constant.
By deriving above, obtaining the horizontal range L that material runs on the drop of H is:
Wherein, L
1for falling into the horizontal flight distance of the material of first hopper, R is resistance coefficient, and ρ is atmospheric density, v
afor the absolute velocity of air-flow, h is air-flow nozzle hole diameter, and H is the vertical height that charging aperture to grade divides the bottom falling room, and γ is the density of material, and d is the material particular diameter of screening.
For guaranteeing the classification efficiency of equipment, the material of system feeding mouth is evenly distributed, and the diameter h of described air-flow nozzle hole is 8-30 times of material particles average diameter, ensures that air-flow can penetrate material.The height that the integral thickness of material and material particles are piled up, then can be the 10-20 of material average grain diameter doubly.
Preferably, the vertical line and the grade that described air-flow jet pipe 3 are exported place divide the point of interface of the bottom falling room 2 as initial point, and the width of N number of hopper is the distance between the distalis of N number of hopper and nearside point;
The distance Tn of nearside point and initial point falls into this material in hopper horizontal flight distance and the half of difference falling into last material in hopper horizontal flight distance, then with fall into last material in hopper horizontal flight distance sum, that is:
T
n＝(L
n-L
n-1)/2+L
n-1n≥2
After simplification, obtain:
T
n＝(L
n+L
n-1)/2 n≥2
That is to say: the nearside point position of N number of hopper is the horizontal flight distance that falls into the material of N number of hopper and the half of horizontal flight distance sum of material falling into N-1 hopper.
To be Yn be the distance of distalis and initial point falls into this material in hopper horizontal flight distance and the half of difference falling into last material in hopper horizontal flight distance, then with fall into this material in hopper horizontal flight distance sum, that is:
Y
n＝(L
n-L
n-1)/2+L
nn≥2
After simplification, obtain:
Y
n＝(3L
n-L
n-1)/2 n≥2；
That is to say: the distalis position of N number of hopper is 3 times of horizontal flight distances falling into the material of N number of hopper and the half of difference of horizontal flight distance of material falling into N-1 hopper.
Such as, as the horizontal flight distance L of material falling into first hopper
1for 2m, fall into the horizontal flight distance L of the material of first hopper
2for 5m, fall into the horizontal flight distance L of the material of first hopper
2during for 10m:
The width W of first hopper
1=1.5*L
1=1.5*2=3m
The nearside point of second hopper and the distance T of initial point
2=(L
2+ L
1)/2=(2+5)/2=3.5m
The distalis of second hopper and the distance Y of initial point
2=(3L
2-L
1)/2=(3*5-2)/2=13/2=6.5m
The nearside point of the 3rd hopper and the distance T of initial point
3=(L
3+ L
2)/2=(10+5)/2=7.5m
3rd distalis of hopper and the distance Y of initial point
3=(3L
3-L
2)/2=(3*10-5)/2=25/2=12.5m.
Preferably, can two crossing inclined-planes that to be set to this section of bottom mid point bottom room be top fall the grade minute between hopper distalis with next hopper nearside point, then make full use of the clearance spaces between two hoppers, make the material falling into this clearance spaces fall into both sides hopper along inclined-plane.
Or, the grade minute between hopper distalis and next hopper nearside point can fall mid point bottom room baffle plate be set, material is kept off in the hopper close to this material drop point.
Described grade divides the afterbody falling room to arrange deduster, and the bottom of described deduster arranges ash bucket, micronic dust can be made to enter deduster with air-flow, and naturally fall in ash bucket along with the exhaustion of air velocity.
Described deduster and described grade are divided and are fallen the relative other end in room and arrange pipeline and be connected to described blower fan, recycle fan airflow, environmental protection.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a material grading apparatus, it is characterized in that, comprise blower fan, grade divides to fall room and be arranged on described grade and divide and fall air-flow jet pipe on the sidewall of room and charging aperture, described air-flow jet pipe is connected with described blower fan, described air-flow jet pipe central symmetry axis and described charging aperture central symmetry axis have an intersection point, and air-flow nozzle hole central symmetry axis is horizontal line;
Divide the bottom falling room to arrange several hoppers in described grade, by the hopper nearest apart from described charging aperture as first hopper, then the A/F of first hopper is W
1:
W
1＝1.5*L
1
Wherein, L
1for falling into the horizontal flight distance of the material of first hopper, R is resistance coefficient, and ρ is atmospheric density, v
afor air-flow absolute velocity, h is air-flow nozzle hole diameter, and H is the vertical height that charging aperture to grade divides the bottom falling room, and γ is the density of material, and d is the material particular diameter of screening;
The diameter h of described air-flow nozzle hole is 8-30 times of material particles average diameter.
2. a kind of material grading apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, divide the point of interface of the bottom falling room as initial point in the vertical straight line at described air-flow nozzle exit place and grade, the A/F of N number of hopper is the distance between the distalis of N number of hopper and nearside point;
The distance of nearside point and initial point is Tn:T
n=(L
n+ L
n-1n>=2)/2
Namely the nearside point position of N number of hopper is the horizontal flight distance that falls into the material of N number of hopper and the half of horizontal flight distance sum of material falling into N-1 hopper;
The distance of distalis and initial point is Yn:Y
n=(3L
n-L
n-1n>=2)/2;
The distalis position of N number of hopper is 3 times of horizontal flight distances falling into the material of N number of hopper and the half of difference of horizontal flight distance of material falling into N-1 hopper.
3. a kind of material grading apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the integral thickness of described material is 10-20 times of material average grain diameter.
4. a kind of material grading apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described grade divides the afterbody falling room to arrange deduster, and the bottom of described deduster arranges ash bucket.
5. a kind of material grading apparatus according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described deduster and described grade divide the opposite end falling room link to arrange pipeline to be connected to described blower fan.
6. a kind of material grading apparatus according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the grade minute between hopper distalis and next hopper nearside point is fallen mid point bottom room and arranged baffle plate.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310144994.XA CN103264016B (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | A kind of material grading apparatus |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310144994.XA CN103264016B (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | A kind of material grading apparatus |
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| CN103264016B true CN103264016B (en) | 2015-09-30 |
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| CN107138414B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2019-06-25 | 深圳磐汩新能源有限公司 | Particle classifying equipment |
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| CN114558778B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-05 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所 | Micron-sized powder material controllable classification airflow sieve and screening method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4339532A1 (en) * | 1993-02-01 | 1994-08-04 | Jetzlsberger Montage Gmbh | Sepn. and grading of solids |
| DE19700471A1 (en) * | 1997-01-09 | 1998-07-16 | Mitteldeutsche Braunkohlengese | Simple, horizontal air classification plant separating mineral matter from lignite |
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