CN103262408A - Power conversion apparatus - Google Patents
Power conversion apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103262408A CN103262408A CN2011800598594A CN201180059859A CN103262408A CN 103262408 A CN103262408 A CN 103262408A CN 2011800598594 A CN2011800598594 A CN 2011800598594A CN 201180059859 A CN201180059859 A CN 201180059859A CN 103262408 A CN103262408 A CN 103262408A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/0833—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for electric motors with control arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
- B60L50/62—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
- B60L7/14—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P3/06—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter
- H02P3/18—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P3/06—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter
- H02P3/18—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor
- H02P3/26—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor by combined electrical and mechanical braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/10—Electrical machine types
- B60L2220/14—Synchronous machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/421—Speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
- B60L2240/529—Current
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The objective of the present invention is to prevent destruction of a DC-side capacitor when an inverter makes an emergency stop while a motor is rotating at high-speed, and to determine a current limiting level that is optimum for a drive system of a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. A control apparatus (60A) for switching an inverter (40) is provided with: a current detecting means (61); an overcurrent-level determining means (63) for determining an overcurrent-level at which the inverter (40) is to be stopped in accordance with a value corresponding to the rotational speed of a motor (M); a current comparing means (64) for comparing a detected output current value of the inverter (40) and the overcurrent-level; and a gate signal generating means (65) for generating, when the current comparing means (64) evaluates that the detected output current value has reached the overcurrent-level, a signal for turning-off all the semiconductor switching elements of the inverter (40). Further, the overcurrent-level is made to become lower as the rotational speed of the motor (M) becomes higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to have the power conversion device that the protection motor drive inverter avoids overcurrent function.
Background technology
Generally speaking, in the inverter of the purpose that avoids overcurrent for the protection of inverter, provide excess current protective function.Although can be according to such as the IGBT(igbt under this situation) the admissible electric current of semiconductor switch device determine the overcurrent detected magnitude.
Nearly all automobile drive electric motor is controlled as when revolution and is less than specified rotation number n in hybrid vehicle or the electric automobile
1(as n
1=1500[r/min.]) time the wherein constant Heng Niujuqu of moment of torsion is provided, and when revolution is equal to or greater than revolution, provide and wherein export constant constant output zone, as shown in Figure 7.When the permagnetic synchronous motor such as internal permanent magnet synchronous motor is used as the motor of this type, electric current and moment of torsion not exclusively in proportion to, but when necessary moment of torsion minimizing and reduce.That is, according to the characteristic of Fig. 7, when revolution increased, electric current reduced.
Consider now that wherein the electric current of motor reaches the 300[% of rated current] the situation of state be detected as overcurrent.If the use permagnetic synchronous motor, revolution is 6000[r/min. therein] situation under non-loaded induced potential be that wherein revolution is 1500[r/min.] situation under four times big.That is, when in the overcurrent testing process in emergency circumstances inverter is stopped the time, regenerated energy is bigger when fair speed is rotated than motor.When in motor high speed rotary course, in case of emergency stopping inverter in this way, for the bigger energy of DC side capacitors regeneration of inverter.As a result of, the possibility that exists this capacitor to be punctured by the overvoltage that is applied on this capacitor.
Herein, when when motor rotates in emergency circumstances, when stopping inverter during all grids of inverter are closed and, through simplation validation the state that increases of the voltage of capacitor, therefore this Simulation result will be described.
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of employed power conversion device in this simulation.In Fig. 8, Reference numeral 10 refers to the DC power supply; 20, power off switch; 30, capacitor; 40, the inverter with three-phase voltage type of the semiconductor switch equipment that bridge-type connects; 60, controller; 61, current detecting unit; 65, the signal generation unit; M is by the three phase electric machine of inverter 40 drivings; P and N, the DC input terminal of inverter 40; With U, V and W, the AC lead-out terminal.
In Fig. 8, under the situation that motor M is driven by inverter 40, power off switch 20 is opened, and meanwhile, all semiconductor switch devices of inverter 40 are cut off (all grids are closed) by signal generation unit 65 therein.Incidentally, the specified output of motor M is 20[kW], at 8000[r/min.] non-loaded induced potential during rotating speed is 519[V], rated current is 60[A], DC intermediate voltage (voltage of capacitor 30) is 650[V], and the capacitance of capacitor 30 is 400[μ F].
Fig. 9 be when motor as the big 40[kW of specified output twice] time during operation, the pent analog result of all grids.The electric current of motor M is 49[A] (about 82[%] rated current).As can be seen from Fig. 9, because all grids are closed, the voltage of capacitor 30 is increased to about 812[V].
Then, Figure 10 is reaching the big 120[A of rated current twice when motor M] when operation time, the pent analog result of all grids.As can be seen from Fig. 10, because all grids are closed, the voltage of capacitor 30 is increased to about 961[V].
As mentioned above, when all grids of inverter 40 are closed when motor M is rotated at a high speed, applied high pressure at capacitor 30.Therefore, suppose, for example, the withstand voltage of capacitor 30 is 900[V], then under the situation as shown in Figure 10 when all grids are closed because the voltage that is not less than this withstand voltage is applied on the capacitor 30, exist capacitor 30 with breakdown possibility.
Some inverters outside excess current protective function, also have current limit function.Herein, current limit function is, thereby is suppressed by this function electric current, and when inverter operation continued, the electric current that is equal to or greater than predetermined current limit size can not flow through.
Known have at the power conversion device described in the patent documentation 1, as the background technology that is equipped with current limit function.This power conversion device has such function: regulate the current limitation size so that inverter can not be stopped owing to the overcurrent when the fault of generation such as the momentary interruption (hereafter is " momentary interruption ") of AC power supplies and then power be resumed to restart motor.
Figure 11 illustrates the background technology according to patent documentation 1.Reference numeral 100 indication AC power supplies; 200, the main circuit part of power conversion device; 201, rectifier circuit; 202, capacitor; 203, inverter circuit; 301, current detector; 302, the current limitation size counter; 303, compare facilities; 304, phase detectors; And 305 and 306, the grid controller.
The operation of following summary Figure 11.For example, when the fault that takes place such as the instantaneous short-circuit of AC power supplies, grid controller 305 stops rectifier circuit 201, and grid controller 306 stops inverter circuit 203.In addition, grid controller 306 calculates the frequency order be used to the inverter circuit 203 of restarting based on the phase place by phase detectors 304 detected motors 301.When the power of AC power supplies 100 recovered subsequently, grid controller 305 and 306 was restarted rectifier circuit 201 and inverter circuit 203.
At this moment, compare facilities 303 is compared the output current of inverter circuit 203 based on speed command with current limitation size counter 302 according to each current limitation size of calculating from predetermined function.Thereby the grid controller 306 only locking predetermined amount of time that reaches mutually that reaches the current limitation size prevents that by this inverter circuit 203 is excessive at the output current of this phase.
In this way, even when the electric current of specific phase reaches the current limitation size, the power conversion device continuously operating.
Reference listing
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: Japan Patent No.3773798 (paragraph [0012]-[0014], Fig. 1 and 2)
Summary of the invention
Technical problem
Figure 12 is oscillogram, and speed command, current limitation size, the output current of inverter circuit and the input current of rectifier circuit in the patent documentation 1 are shown." the control switch time period " among Figure 12 refers to from because the fault that instantaneous short-circuit etc. causes occurs to the time period of restarting.
Find out obviously that from Figure 12 in patent documentation 1, the current limitation size changes with same trend with speed command.
Herein, in the driver for vehicle of hybrid vehicle or electric automobile, when carrying out the electric current restriction when motor drive inverter is restarted, when motor does not need high pulling torque when rotating at a high speed, thereby the current value of motor can be less.Yet as shown in Figure 12, when determining the current limitation size according to the size of speed command, the current limitation size becomes big when speed command becomes big, and is big thereby the output current of inverter circuit 203 also becomes when restarting.
Therefore, because improper and allow output greater than necessary electric current when restarting according to the method that be used for to determine the current limitation size of background technology, the problem of existence is that this method wastes.
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of power conversion device, thereby its overcurrent size that is configured such that inverter changes when inverter in case of emergency is stopped in motor high speed rotary course according to the rotary speed of motor, prevent the DC side capacitor since overvoltage puncture.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of power conversion device, and it can determine to be suitable for most the current limitation size of the driver for vehicle of hybrid vehicle or electric automobile.
The solution of problem
To achieve these goals, the present invention is applied to power conversion device, and wherein, for example, permagnetic synchronous motor is driven by the inverter with DC side, and the parallel circuits with DC power supply and capacitor is connected to this DC side.Specifically, preferably be applied to the driver for vehicle of hybrid vehicle or electric automobile according to power conversion device of the present invention.
In the present invention, the controller that is used for the semiconductor switch device of control inverter has current detecting unit, overcurrent size determining unit, electric current comparing unit and driving signal generating unit, and if situation need also have current limitation size determining unit.
Current detecting unit detects the output current of this inverter.This overcurrent size determining unit is identified for stopping the overcurrent size of the operation of motor according to the value corresponding to the revolution of motor.Herein, be in following any corresponding to the value of the revolution of motor: the bid value of the detected value of revolution, the estimated value of revolution and revolution.
This electric current comparing unit, will from the detected output current value of the inverter of current detecting unit output with compared by the determined overcurrent size of the big or small determining unit of overcurrent.When current limitation size determining unit was set, this detected output current value also further compared with the current limitation size.
Current limitation size determining unit is determined the current limitation size according to the value corresponding to the revolution of motor, is used for limiting the output current of inverter.
Driving signal generating unit when the electric current comparing unit is made detected output current value and reached the judgement of overcurrent size, generates the signal that is used for by all semiconductor switch devices of inverter.This driving signal generating unit also when described electric current comparing unit is made at the detected output current value of particular phases and has reached the judgement of current limitation size, generates the signal that is used for the inverter output current is limited to particular phases.In order to limit output current, can be stopped the width that maybe can shorten for make the pulse of semiconductor switch device conducting in this phase place at the switch of this phase place herein.
What expect is that overcurrent size and current limitation size are less on value, because become higher corresponding to the value of revolution in the constant output zone of motor.In addition, expectation is that the value of current limitation size is lower than the overcurrent size in the gamut corresponding to the value of the revolution of motor.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
According to the present invention, when the revolution of motor increases, be reduced for the protection of overcurrent size and the current limitation size of motor.Therefore, the regenerated energy that generates when being stopped in the state of emergency of inverter in motor high speed rotary course can be reduced, thereby thereby can reduce the voltage that is applied on the DC side capacitors prevents that capacitor is breakdown.
Be set to be lower than the overcurrent size by the current limitation size, when inverter is restarted after promptly stopping, can prevent from flowing in motor greater than essential electric current.Therefore, there is the effect of reducing the loss to improve efficient.
Description of drawings
[Fig. 1] Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram that the first embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[Fig. 2] Fig. 2 is illustrated in motor revolution among first embodiment and the diagram of the relation between the overcurrent size.
[Fig. 3] Fig. 3 is illustrated in motor revolution among first embodiment and the form of the relation between the overcurrent size.
[Fig. 4] Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram that the second embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[Fig. 5] Fig. 5 is the diagram of the relation between motor revolution, overcurrent size and the current limitation size that illustrates in a second embodiment.
[Fig. 6] Fig. 6 is the form of the relation between motor revolution, overcurrent size and the current limitation size that illustrates in a second embodiment.
[Fig. 7] Fig. 7 is the diagram that the relation between motor revolution and the moment of torsion is shown.
[Fig. 8] Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of employed power conversion device in simulation.
[Fig. 9] Fig. 9 is the oscillogram that is illustrated in the analog result under the pent situation of all grids of inverter wherein.
[Figure 10] Figure 10 is the oscillogram that is illustrated in the analog result under the pent situation of all grids of inverter wherein.
[Figure 11] Figure 11 is the circuit diagram according to the background technology of patent documentation 1.
[Figure 12] Figure 12 is the oscillogram that the current practice among Figure 11 is shown.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawings all embodiment of the present invention are described.At first, Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram that the first embodiment of the present invention is shown.
In Fig. 1, the DC power supply of Reference numeral 10 indications such as battery, it is set up so that capacitor 30 is connected between the opposite end of DC power supply.The DC input terminal P of the inverter 40 of voltage type and N are connected to the opposite end of the parallel circuits with DC power supply 10 and capacitor 30.Form inverter 40 so that semiconductor switch device 41 to 46(such as the IGBT(igbt that is equipped with fly-wheel diode respectively)) connected by bridge-type.Semiconductor switch device is not limited to IGBT, but can be common bipolar transistor, FET(field-effect transistor) etc.
Each input terminal mutually that AC lead-out terminal U, the V of inverter 40 and W are connected to three phase electric machine M by the current detecting unit 61 such as current transformer.Herein, for example, motor M is internal permanent magnet synchronous motor.
The semiconductor switch device 41 to 46 that controller 60A is used for conduction and cut-off inverter 40 is set.Controller 60A comprises current detecting unit 61, revolution detecting unit 62, overcurrent size determining unit 63, electric current comparing unit 64 and is used as the signal generation unit 65 of driving signal generating unit.Incidentally, the major part of controller 60A can be by the CPU(CPU) or the DSP(digital signal processor) and preset program realize.
In case receive over-current detection signal, signal generation unit 65 generates and exports all grids that signal is used for closing inverter 40.
Although first embodiment illustrates the situation that is wherein detected the revolution of motor M by revolution detecting unit 62, but can estimate the revolution of motor M by known method, such as the method for estimating revolution based on the induced potential of motor M, thereby when the so-called no transducer of execution was controlled under the situation of not using revolution detecting unit 62, the estimated value of revolution can be input to overcurrent size determining unit 63.Substitute the detected value of revolution or the estimated value of revolution, the bid value of revolution can be inputed to overcurrent size determining unit 63.
Fig. 2 and 3 is illustrated in the revolution of the motor M among first embodiment and the relation between the overcurrent size.
Property class shown in Fig. 2 is similar to the revolution-torque characteristics among Fig. 7.For example, this characteristic is set, so that revolution is lower than predetermined value (n therein
1In=1500[r/min.) the permanent moment of torsion district, 300% of rated current is considered to the overcurrent size, and revolution is equal to or greater than n therein
1The constant output zone in, the overcurrent size reduces along with the increase of revolution.
Fig. 3 illustrates the example of determining the overcurrent size according to range of revolution.For example, Fig. 3 illustrates wherein 0 to 2000[r/min.] range of revolution in the 300[% of rated current] be considered to the overcurrent size, and then as long as revolution increases 1000[r/min.], the overcurrent size is reduced 50[%] rated current.
Characteristic shown in Fig. 2 and 3 (according to the overcurrent size of revolution) is stored in the memory (not shown) in the controller 60A that is arranged at Fig. 1 as numeric data or form in advance.Overcurrent size determining unit 63 is determined predetermined overcurrent size based on these characteristics and revolution, and exports determined overcurrent size to electric current comparing unit 64.
As mentioned above, the electric current comparing unit 64 among Fig. 1 always will compare based on Fig. 2 or the determined overcurrent size of Fig. 3 from detected current value and the overcurrent size determining unit 63 of current detecting unit 61 inputs.When the detected current value of specific phase has reached the overcurrent size, over-current detection signal is sent to signal generation unit 65, thereby close all semiconductor switch devices 41 to 46 of inverter 40 by signal generation unit 65, in case of emergency stop inverter 40 by this.
As shown in Figure 2, in background technology, no matter the revolution of motor M how, is arranged on predetermined value with the overcurrent size.Otherwise according to this embodiment, in the constant output zone of motor M, the overcurrent size increases along with revolution and is reduced.
Therefore, when the output current of inverter 40 in the high speed rotary course in motor M surpasses the overcurrent size, can reduce the electric current of motor M, in case of emergency stop inverter 40 by this.Therefore, reduce the regenerated energy that is applied on the capacitor 30, thereby thereby do not increased the possibility of the voltage breakdown potential container 30 of capacitor 30.
Then, Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram that the second embodiment of the present invention is shown;
This second embodiment and the first embodiment difference are, have increased current limitation size determining unit 66 to controller 60B.The output of revolution detecting unit 62 is applied to overcurrent size determining unit 63 and current limitation size determining unit 66, and the output of overcurrent size determining unit 63 and current limitation size determining unit 66 is input to electric current comparing unit 64.Incidentally, in a second embodiment, substitute from the detected value of the revolution of revolution determining unit 62 outputs, the estimated value of revolution or the bid value of revolution can be input to overcurrent size detection unit 63 and current limitation size determining unit.
Because identical among other configurations among Fig. 4 and Fig. 1, have component parts as identical function among Fig. 1 use with Fig. 1 in identical Reference numeral represent, and the general the descriptions thereof are omitted.
Can realize the major part of controller 60B by CPU or DSP and preset program.
Current limitation size determining unit 66 among Fig. 4 has the function of determining the current limitation size according to the revolution of motor M.
Fig. 5 and 6 illustrates the relation between revolution, overcurrent size and the current limitation size of motor M in a second embodiment.In Fig. 5 and 6, the same in the relation between the revolution of motor M and the overcurrent size and Fig. 2 and 3.
Current limitation size among Fig. 5 has wherein that the current limitation size is constant value in the permanent moment of torsion district of motor M, and increases and reduce gradually along with revolution in the constant output zone.On whole range of revolution, the current limitation size is set to be lower than the overcurrent size.
In addition, the characteristic shown in Fig. 6 be wherein 0 to 2000[r/min.] range of revolution in the 250[% of rated current] be considered to the current limitation size, and then as long as revolution increases 1000[r/min.], the current limitation size is reduced 50[%] rated current.
With with first embodiment in identical mode, the characteristic shown in Fig. 5 and 6 (according to overcurrent size and the current limitation size of revolution) is stored in the memory (not shown) in the controller 60B that is arranged at Fig. 4 as numeric data or form by prior.Overcurrent size determining unit 63 and current limitation size determining unit 66 are exported by the revolution of motor M and the determined overcurrent size of characteristic and the current limitation size of Fig. 5 and 6 to electric current comparing unit 64.
Electric current comparing unit 64 always will compare from the detected current value of current detecting unit 61 inputs and by overcurrent size determining unit 63 determined overcurrent sizes with by current limitation size determining unit 66 determined current limitation sizes.When the detected current value in particular phases has reached the current limitation size, send the width that order stops the switch of this phase or shortens the grid impulse that is used for the conducting semiconductor switching device to signal generation unit 65, be used for restriction inverter 40 in the size of the output current of this phase thereby carry out current limitation operation.
Further, when the detected current value of the specific phase of importing from current detecting unit 61 has reached the overcurrent size, over-current detection signal is sent to signal generation unit 65, thereby close all semiconductor switch devices 41 to 46 of inverter 40 by signal generation unit 65, in case of emergency stop inverter 40 by this.
According to second embodiment, make 66 effects of current limitation size determining unit, thereby the current limitation size increases and reduces along with the revolution of motor M.Therefore, when the inverter that in emergency circumstances is stopped 40 in the high speed rotary course of motor M is restarted again, can prevent that overcurrent from flowing in motor M.
Therefore, may provide the power conversion device that is suitable for drive system (driver for vehicle of all hybrid vehicles in this way or electric automobile) most, though wherein when motor M is rotated at a high speed when restarting, current value can less and not need very big moment of torsion.
Industrial applicability
Not only can be used for hybrid vehicle or electric automobile according to power conversion device of the present invention, also can be used for using the various drive systems of motor.
Reference numerals list
The 10:DC power supply
30: capacitor
40: inverter
60A, 60B: controller
61: current detecting unit
62: the revolution detecting unit
63: overcurrent size determining unit
64: the electric current comparing unit
65: the signal generation unit
66: current limitation size determining unit
M: motor
Claims (13)
1. a power conversion device uses the inverter with DC side to drive the AC motor, and the parallel circuits with DC power supply and capacitor is connected to described DC side, it is characterized in that: be used for the controller of the semiconductor switch device of the described inverter of control, comprise:
Detect the current detecting unit of the output current of described inverter;
Overcurrent size determining unit is identified for stopping the overcurrent size of the operation of described inverter according to the value corresponding to the revolution of described motor;
The electric current comparing unit, will from the detected output current value of the described inverter of described current detecting unit output with compared by the determined overcurrent size of the big or small determining unit of described overcurrent; With
Driving signal generating unit when described electric current comparing unit is made detected output current value and reached the judgement of described overcurrent size, generates the signal that is used for by all semiconductor switch devices of described inverter.
2. a power conversion device uses the inverter with DC side to drive the AC motor, and the parallel circuits with DC power supply and capacitor is connected to described DC side, it is characterized in that: be used for the controller of the semiconductor switch device of the described inverter of control, comprise:
Detect the current detecting unit of the output current of described inverter;
Overcurrent size determining unit is identified for stopping the overcurrent size of the operation of described inverter according to the value corresponding to the revolution of described motor;
Current limitation size determining unit is determined the current limitation size according to the value corresponding to the revolution of described motor, is used for limiting the output current of described inverter;
The electric current comparing unit, will from the detected output current value of the described inverter of described current detecting unit output with compared by the determined described overcurrent size of described overcurrent size determining unit, and detected output current value is compared with the determined described current limitation size of the big or small determining unit of described current limitation; With
Driving signal generating unit, when described electric current comparing unit is made detected output current value and has been reached the judgement of described overcurrent size, generate the signal that is used for by all semiconductor switch devices of described inverter, and when described electric current comparing unit is made detected output current value and reached the judgement of described current limitation size, generate the signal that is used for the described output current of described inverter is limited in particular phases.
3. power conversion device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: when the value corresponding to described revolution in the constant output zone of described motor becomes big, diminished by the value of the determined described overcurrent size of described overcurrent size determining unit.
4. power conversion device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: when the value corresponding to described revolution in the constant output zone of described motor becomes big, diminish by the determined described overcurrent size of described overcurrent size determining unit with by the value of the determined current limitation size of described current limitation size determining unit.
5. power conversion device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in the gamut corresponding to the value of the revolution of described motor, the value of described current limitation size is lower than described overcurrent size.
6. power conversion device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: when the detected output current value in particular phases had reached described current limitation size, described driving signal generating unit generated the signal that is used at the particular phases shutdown switch of described inverter.
7. power conversion device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: when the detected output current value in described phase place had reached described current limitation size, described driving signal generating unit generated the signal of the pulse duration that is used for shortening at the particular phases place semiconductor switch device conducting that is used for making described inverter.
8. as any the described power conversion device in the claim 1,2,4,5,6 and 7, it is characterized in that: be in following any corresponding to the value of the revolution of described motor: the bid value of the detected value of revolution, the estimated value of revolution and revolution.
9. power conversion device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: be in following any corresponding to the value of the described revolution of described motor: the bid value of the detected value of revolution, the estimated value of revolution and revolution.
10. as any the described power conversion device in the claim 1,2,4,5,6 and 7, it is characterized in that: described inverter and described motor are formed for the driver for vehicle of hybrid vehicle or electric automobile.
11. power conversion device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described inverter and described motor are formed for the driver for vehicle of hybrid vehicle or electric automobile.
12. as any the described power conversion device in the claim 1,2,4,5,6 and 7, it is characterized in that: described motor is permanent magnet synchronous motor.
13. power conversion device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described motor is permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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JP2010285260 | 2010-12-22 | ||
JP2010-285260 | 2010-12-22 | ||
PCT/JP2011/079602 WO2012086674A1 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2011-12-21 | Power conversion apparatus |
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CN103262408A true CN103262408A (en) | 2013-08-21 |
CN103262408B CN103262408B (en) | 2017-03-15 |
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CN201180059859.4A Active CN103262408B (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2011-12-21 | Power conversion device |
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US (1) | US9287698B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2675060A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5725038B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103262408B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012086674A1 (en) |
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CN109955846A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-07-02 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | The control method and device of hybrid vehicle and its motor |
CN110518551A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-29 | 北京索德电气工业有限公司 | The over-current protection method of motor in electric automobile driver |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103262408B (en) | 2017-03-15 |
EP2675060A1 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
EP2675060A4 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
US9287698B2 (en) | 2016-03-15 |
WO2012086674A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
US20130286514A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
JP5725038B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 |
JPWO2012086674A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
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