CN103260316B - Two-circuit current-limiting driving circuit and two-circuit current-limiting driving method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-circuit current-limiting driving circuit and a two-circuit current-limiting driving method. The two-circuit current-limiting driving circuit and the two-circuit current-limiting driving method are mainly used for supplying power to an LED. The two-circuit current-limiting driving circuit comprises an alternating-current power supply, a rectifier, an energy-storage capacitor, a double-current-limiting circuit and a load, wherein the alternating-current power supply is connected with the input end of the rectifier, one output end of the rectifier is connected with the first end of the double-current-limiting circuit, another output end of the rectifier is connected with one end of the energy-storage capacitor and one end of the load, the other end of the energy-storage capacitor is connected with the second end of the double-current-limiting circuit, and the other end of the load is connected with the third end of the double-current-limiting circuit. According to the two-circuit current-limiting driving method, when the phase voltage of an alternating current is larger than the voltage at two ends of the energy-storage capacitor, the energy-storage capacitor is charged by the alternating current, power is provided for the load by the alternating current at the same time, and a power supply current is controlled by a current limiting circuit; when the phase voltage of the alternating current is lower than the voltage at two ends of the energy-storage capacitor, power is provided for a load tube by the energy-storage capacitor. The two-circuit current-limiting driving circuit and the two-circuit current-limiting driving method have the advantages that the power factor is high, frequent glittering is avoided, and the circuit is simple.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a power supply circuit and a power supply method, in particular to a double-loop current-limiting driving circuit and a double-loop current-limiting driving method, which are particularly suitable for LED lighting driving.
Technical Field
At present, LED lighting is rapidly popularized due to energy conservation, environmental protection and long service life, and LED lamps and lanterns have widely entered lighting application in various fields. The LED can not be directly connected to alternating current, a corresponding current-limiting driving device needs to be configured, the scheme used for driving the LED at present mainly adopts a traditional high-frequency switching power supply, and due to the fact that a high-frequency switching circuit is needed, the circuit is complex, cost is high, and a linear current-limiting driving scheme is used by a plurality of manufacturers.
In fig. 1, an alternating current 101 charges an energy storage capacitor 103 at the positive and negative half-cycle peak values of a sine wave through a rectifier 102, the energy storage capacitor 103 keeps the voltage at two ends always larger than the voltage at two ends of an LED 105, and a current limiter 104 bears the voltage exceeding the LED on the energy storage capacitor to keep the current of the LED 105 constant. When the ac power 101 charges the energy storage capacitor 103, the peak value of the charging current is high, which results in a low power factor of the driving circuit of fig. 1, typically only about 0.5.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of fig. 1 without an energy storage capacitor, and the operation principle is that when the instantaneous value of the sine wave voltage of the alternating current 201 is larger than that of the LED 204, the current of the alternating current 201 supplies power to the LED 204 and the current limiter 203 via the rectifier 202, and when the instantaneous value of the sine wave voltage of the alternating current 201 is smaller than that of the LED 204, no energy is output. Since no large energy storage capacitor is directly connected behind the rectifier 202, the power factor of the circuit is improved, but the current on the LED tube is intermittent with the intermittent period being 2 times of the alternating current frequency, which causes light flicker to be perceived by human eyes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects in the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: a drive circuit and a drive method for a drive circuit with high power factor and no sense output flicker frequency are provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a double-loop current-limiting driving circuit comprises an alternating current power supply, a rectifier, an energy storage capacitor, a double-loop current-limiting loop and a load; the alternating current power supply is sine wave alternating current, the alternating current power supply is connected with the input end of the rectifier, one output end of the rectifier is connected with the first end of the double current limiting loop, the other output end of the rectifier is respectively connected with the energy storage capacitor and one end of the load, the other end of the energy storage capacitor is connected with the second end of the double current limiting loop, and the other end of the load is connected with the third end of the double current limiting loop.
Preferably, the load is an LED luminous tube.
Preferably, the double current limiting loop comprises an adjustable current source, a current limiting circuit and a control circuit.
The first power end of the adjustable current source is connected to the first end of the double current-limiting loop, the second power end of the adjustable current source is connected to the second end of the double current-limiting loop, and the control end of the adjustable current source is connected to the output end of the control circuit.
The first power end of the current limiting circuit is connected to the first end of the double current limiting loop, the second power end of the current limiting circuit is connected to the third end of the double current limiting loop, and the output end of the current limiting circuit is connected to the input end of the control circuit.
The first power end of the current limiting circuit is connected to the second end of the double current limiting loop, the second power end of the current limiting circuit is connected to the third end of the double current limiting loop, and the output end of the current limiting circuit is connected to the input end of the control circuit.
Preferably, the control circuit comprises an error amplifier.
Preferably, the control circuit comprises an integrator.
Preferably, a switch is connected in parallel between the first power end and the second power end of the adjustable current source, and the switch is used for providing a current path for the energy storage capacitor to discharge to the load, and is turned off when the energy storage capacitor is charged and turned on when the energy storage capacitor is discharged.
Preferably, the switch is a diode.
Preferably, the current limiting circuit comprises at least one resistor.
Preferably, the current limiting circuit includes a field effect transistor, an operational amplifier, a reference voltage and a resistor.
Preferably, the adjustable current source comprises a field effect transistor and a resistor.
The invention provides a double-loop current-limiting driving method, which comprises the following steps: when the phase voltage of the alternating current is greater than the voltage at two ends of the energy storage capacitor, the alternating current charges the energy storage capacitor, the charging current value is controlled by the adjustable current source, the alternating current supplies power to the load while the alternating current charges the energy storage capacitor, and the power supply current is controlled by the current limiting circuit; when the phase voltage of the alternating current is smaller than the voltage at two ends of the energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacitor supplies power to the load, and the power supply current is controlled by the current limiting circuit.
Preferably, in the method, the adjustable current source is controlled by a voltage drop at a power end of the current limiting circuit, when the voltage drop increases, the output current of the adjustable current source decreases, and when the voltage drop decreases, the output current of the adjustable current source increases.
Preferably, in the method, the adjustable current source is controlled by the current flowing through the current limiting circuit, the output current of the adjustable current source decreases when the current flowing through the current limiting circuit increases, and the output current of the adjustable current source increases when the current flowing through the current limiting circuit decreases.
The double current limiting loops realize different configurations of energy exchange among the alternating current, the energy storage capacitor and the load in different phase intervals of the alternating current, wherein the power factor is improved by limiting the current charged to the energy storage capacitor by the alternating current through the adjustable current source, the current flowing through the load is limited by the current limiting circuit so that the output current is stable, the adjustment of the charging current of the energy storage capacitor is realized by detecting the operating parameters/characteristics of the current limiting circuit, and the efficiency of the driving circuit is optimized.
The invention has the technical effects that: the power factor is higher, the stroboflash is not generated when the stroboflash is output to the LED luminous tube, the circuit is simple, the cost is low, and the wide application is easy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a conventional linear current-limiting driving circuit.
Fig. 2 is a prior art linear current-limiting driving circuit for improving power factor.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is another schematic diagram of the dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a preferred embodiment of the dual-loop current-limited driver circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is another preferred embodiment of the dual-loop current-limited driver circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention, in which an ac power supply 301 is connected to an input terminal of a rectifier 302, an output terminal of the rectifier 302 is connected to a dual current-limiting loop 318, another terminal of the rectifier 302 is connected to an end of an energy-storage capacitor 303 and an end of a load 314, and another terminals of the load 314 and the energy-storage capacitor 303 are respectively connected to two ports of the dual current-limiting loop 318, where the dual current-limiting loop 318 includes an adjustable current source 315, a control circuit 316, and a current-limiting circuit 317.
The double current limiting loop 318 realizes different configurations of energy exchange among the alternating current 301, the energy storage capacitor 303 and the load 314 in different phase intervals of the alternating current 301, wherein the power factor is improved by limiting the current of the alternating current 301 for charging the energy storage capacitor 303 through the adjustable current source 315, the current flowing through the load 314 is limited through the current limiting circuit 317 so that the output current is stable, the adjustment of the charging current of the energy storage capacitor 304 is realized by detecting the operating parameters/characteristics of the current limiting circuit 317, and the efficiency of the driving circuit is optimized.
Fig. 4 is another schematic circuit diagram of the present invention, in which an ac power source 401 is connected to an input terminal of a rectifier 402, an output terminal of the rectifier 402 is connected to a dual current-limiting loop 418, another terminal of the rectifier 402 is connected to an end of an energy-storage capacitor 403 and an end of a load 414, and another terminals of the load 414 and the energy-storage capacitor 403 are respectively connected to two ports of the dual current-limiting loop 418, where the dual current-limiting loop 418 includes an adjustable current source 415, a control circuit 416, and a current-limiting circuit 417.
The double current limiting circuits 418 achieve different configurations of energy exchange among the alternating current 401, the energy storage capacitor 403 and the LED light emitting tube 414 in different phase intervals of the alternating current 401, wherein the power factor is improved by limiting the current charged to the energy storage capacitor 403 by the alternating current 401 through the adjustable current source 415, the output current is stabilized by limiting the current flowing through the LED light emitting tube 414 through the current limiting circuit 417, the adjustment of the charging current of the energy storage capacitor 403 is achieved by detecting the operating parameters/characteristics of the current limiting circuit 417, and the efficiency of the driving circuit is optimized.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of the present invention, including: alternating current 501, a rectifier 502, an energy storage capacitor 503, a double-current limiting circuit 518 and an LED light emitting tube 514. Wherein,
the alternating current 501 is connected with the input of the rectifier 502, the output negative electrode of the rectifier 502 is connected with the first end of the double-current limiting loop 518, the output positive electrode of the rectifier 502 is connected with one end of the energy storage capacitor 503, the other end of the energy storage capacitor 503 is connected with the second end of the double-current limiting loop 518, the anode of the LED light-emitting tube 514 is connected with the output positive electrode of the rectifier 502, and the cathode of the LED light-emitting tube is connected with the third end of the double-current limiting loop 518.
The dual current limit loop 518 includes a diode 504, an adjustable current source 515, a control circuit 516, and a current limit circuit 517. The adjustable current source 515 includes a field effect transistor 505 and a resistor 506;
the control circuit 516 comprises a transconductance amplifier 508, a reference voltage 509 and a compensation capacitor 507;
the current limiting circuit includes a reference voltage 510, an operational amplifier 511, a field effect transistor 512 and a resistor 513.
The drain of the field effect tube 512 is connected to the cathode of the LED 514, the source is grounded via the resistor 513, the gate is connected to the output of the operational amplifier 511, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 511 is connected to the positive pole of the reference voltage 510, and the inverting input terminal is connected to the junction of the source of the field effect tube 512 and the resistor 513;
the inverting input end of the transconductance amplifier 508 is connected to the inverting input end of the operational amplifier 511, the non-inverting input end is connected to the positive pole of the reference voltage 509, and the output end is connected to the ground in parallel with the compensation capacitor 507 and connected to the gate of the field effect transistor 505;
the drain of the field effect transistor 505 is connected to the cathode of the diode 504, and the source is grounded via the resistor 506;
the anode of diode 504, the cathode of reference voltage 509, and the cathode of reference voltage 510 are grounded;
the working principle of the circuit is as follows:
when the phase voltage of the alternating current 501 is greater than the voltage across the energy storage capacitor 503, the rectifier bridge 502 is turned on, the diode 504 is turned off in the reverse direction, the alternating current 501 charges the energy storage capacitor 503, the charging current is controlled by the adjustable current source 515, and the charging current path is: alternating current 501 → rectifier 502 → storage capacitor 503 → fet 505 → resistor 506 → rectifier bridge 502 → alternating current 501, and at the same time, alternating current 501 supplies power to LED tube 514, and the supply current is controlled by current limiting circuit 517, and the current flow path is: alternating current 501 → rectifier 502 → LED tube 514 → FET 512 → resistor 513 → rectifier bridge 502 → alternating current 501; when the phase voltage of the alternating current 501 is smaller than the voltage at the two ends of the energy storage capacitor 503, the diode 504 is turned on, the rectifier bridge 502 is turned off in the reverse direction, the energy of the LED tube 514 is provided by the energy storage capacitor 503, the discharging current of the LED tube 514 from the energy storage capacitor is controlled by the current limiting circuit 517, and the discharging current path is: the energy storage capacitor 503 → the LED tube 514 → the FET 512 → the resistor 513 → the diode 504 → the energy storage capacitor 503.
The voltage across resistor 513 is fed to the inverting input of transconductance amplifier 508, transconductance amplifier 508 and compensation capacitor 507 integrate the error between this voltage and reference voltage 509, and the integrated voltage controls the current through fet 505 and resistor 506, and thus,
when the voltage across the resistor 513 is greater than the reference voltage 509, the output voltage of the transconductance amplifier 508 decreases, and the adjustable current source 515 decreases the charging current of the alternating current 501 to the energy storage capacitor 503, further, the voltage across the energy storage capacitor 503 decreases, and further, the voltage across the field effect transistor 512 also decreases;
when the voltage across the resistor 513 is smaller than the reference voltage 509, the output voltage of the transconductance amplifier 508 rises, and the adjustable current source 515 increases the charging current of the alternating current 501 to the energy storage capacitor 503, further, the voltage across the energy storage capacitor 503 rises, and further, the voltage across the field effect transistor 512 also rises;
the result of the above adjustment process is: the average value of the voltage across the resistor 513 is equal to the set value of the reference voltage 509, the maximum current of the LED 514 is the set value of the current limiting circuit 517, and the average current is the ratio of the set voltage of the reference voltage 509 to the resistor 513.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit according to the present invention, including: alternating current 601, a rectifier 602, an energy storage capacitor 603, a double-current limiting circuit 618 and an LED light-emitting tube 614. Wherein,
the alternating current 601 is connected with the input of the rectifier 602, the output negative electrode of the rectifier 602 is connected with the first end of the double current limiting loop 618, the output positive electrode of the rectifier 602 is connected with one end of the energy storage capacitor 603, the other end of the energy storage capacitor 603 is connected with the second end of the double current limiting loop 618, the anode of the LED light emitting tube 614 is connected with the output positive electrode of the rectifier 602, and the cathode of the LED light emitting tube is connected with the third end of the double current limiting loop 618.
The dual current limit loop 618 includes an adjustable current source 615, a control circuit 616, and a current limit circuit 617. The adjustable current source 615 includes a field effect transistor 605 and a resistor 606;
the control circuit 616 includes a transconductance amplifier 608, a reference voltage 609 and a compensation capacitor 607;
the current limiting circuit includes resistors 611, 612, and 613, and transistor 610.
The resistor 611 is connected to the second end and the third end of the double current-limiting loop, the emitter of the triode 610 is connected to the third end of the double current-limiting loop 618, the base is connected to the second end of the double current-limiting loop 618 through the resistor 612, and the collector is grounded through the resistor 613;
the inverting input end of the transconductance amplifier 608 is connected to the junction of the triode 610 and the resistor 613, the non-inverting input end is connected to the positive pole of the reference voltage 609, and the output end is connected to the ground in parallel with the compensation capacitor 607 and is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor 605;
the drain of the fet 605 is connected to the second terminal of the double current-limiting loop 618, and the source is grounded via the resistor 606;
the negative terminal of reference voltage 609 is connected to ground;
the working principle of the circuit is as follows:
when the phase voltage of the ac power 601 is greater than the voltage across the energy storage capacitor 603, the rectifier bridge 602 is turned on, the ac power 601 charges the energy storage capacitor 603, the charging current is controlled by the adjustable current source 615, and the charging current path is: alternating current 601 → rectifier 602 → storage capacitor 603 → fet 605 → resistor 606 → rectifier bridge 602 → alternating current 601, and at the same time, alternating current 601 supplies power to LED tube 614, and the supply current is controlled by current limiting circuit 617, and the current flow path is: alternating current 601 → rectifier 602 → LED tube 614 → resistor 611 → fet 605 → resistor 606 → rectifier bridge 602 → alternating current 601; when the phase voltage of the alternating current 601 is smaller than the voltage at the two ends of the energy storage capacitor 603, the rectifier bridge 602 is cut off in the reverse direction, the energy of the LED tube 614 is provided by the energy storage capacitor 603, the discharge current of the energy storage capacitor 603 to the LED tube 614 is controlled by the current limiting circuit 617, and the discharge current path is: energy storage capacitor 603 → LED tube 614 → resistor 611 → energy storage capacitor 603.
The current flowing through the LED 614 is limited by the resistor 611, and is sensed and reflected by the resistor 612 and the transistor 610 at two ends of the resistor 613, the voltage at two ends of the resistor 613 is fed into the inverting input end of the transconductance amplifier 608, the transconductance amplifier 608 and the compensation capacitor 607 perform an integration operation on the error between the voltage and the reference voltage 609, the integrated voltage controls the current flowing through the fet 605 and the resistor 606, therefore,
when the voltage across the resistor 613 is greater than the reference voltage 609, the output voltage of the transconductance amplifier 608 decreases, and the adjustable current source 615 reduces the charging current of the alternating current 601 to the energy storage capacitor 603, further, the voltage across the energy storage capacitor 603 decreases, and further, the voltage across the resistor 611 also decreases;
when the voltage across the resistor 613 is smaller than the reference voltage 609, the output voltage of the transconductance amplifier 608 increases, and the adjustable current source 615 increases the charging current of the alternating current 601 to the energy storage capacitor 603, further, the voltage across the energy storage capacitor 603 increases, and further, the voltage across the resistor 611 also increases;
the result of the above adjustment process is: the average value of the voltage across the resistor 613 is equal to the set value of the reference voltage 609, the maximum current of the LED tube 614 is limited by the resistor 611, and the average current is related to the set voltage value of the reference voltage 609.
The embodiments described above are intended to illustrate rather than limit the invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to design many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims, and the word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those listed in a claim, and the word "a" or "an" does not exclude the presence of a plurality of elements, where several of these circuits may be represented by one in a claim enumerating several circuits, and the same applies to electronic devices merely because some of these methods are described in mutually different dependent claims, and it is not intended that any combination of these methods cannot be used to advantage. The above specific embodiments have described only the main features and innovative points of the solution. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present solution is not limited by the embodiments described above. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, there are numerous variations and modifications that fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof, and the switch includes various equivalent switching electronics, not limited to a diode or a transistor.
Claims (15)
1. A kind of double-loop current-limiting driving circuit, characterized by: comprises an AC power supply, a rectifier, an energy storage capacitor, a double current-limiting loop and a load; the alternating current power supply is sine wave alternating current, the alternating current power supply is connected with the input end of the rectifier, one output end of the rectifier is connected with the first end of the double current limiting loop, the other output end of the rectifier is respectively connected with the energy storage capacitor and one end of the load, the other end of the energy storage capacitor is connected with the second end of the double current limiting loop, and the other end of the load is connected with the third end of the double current limiting loop; the double current limiting loop comprises an adjustable current source, a current limiting circuit and a control circuit.
2. The dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of claim 1, wherein: the load is an LED luminous tube.
3. The dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of claim 1, wherein: the first power end of the adjustable current source is connected to the first end of the double current-limiting loop, the second power end of the adjustable current source is connected to the second end of the double current-limiting loop, and the control end of the adjustable current source is connected to the output end of the control circuit.
4. The dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of claim 1, wherein: the first power end of the current limiting circuit is connected to the first end of the double current limiting loop, the second power end of the current limiting circuit is connected to the third end of the double current limiting loop, and the output end of the current limiting circuit is connected to the input end of the control circuit.
5. The dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of claim 1, wherein: the first power end of the current limiting circuit is connected to the second end of the double current limiting loop, the second power end of the current limiting circuit is connected to the third end of the double current limiting loop, and the output end of the current limiting circuit is connected to the input end of the control circuit.
6. The dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of claim 1, wherein: the control circuit includes an error amplifier.
7. The dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of claim 1, wherein: the control circuit includes an integrator.
8. The dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of claim 3, wherein: a switch is connected in parallel between the first power end and the second power end of the adjustable current source and is used for providing a current path when the energy storage capacitor discharges to the load, and the switch is switched off when the energy storage capacitor is charged and switched on when the energy storage capacitor discharges.
9. The dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of claim 8, wherein: the switch is a diode.
10. The dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of claim 4 or 5, wherein: the current limiting circuit includes at least one resistor.
11. The dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of claim 4 or 5, wherein: the current limiting circuit comprises a field effect transistor, an operational amplifier, a reference voltage and a resistor.
12. The dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of claim 3, wherein: the adjustable current source comprises a field effect transistor and a resistor.
13. A dual-loop current-limiting driving method using the dual-loop current-limiting driving circuit of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when the phase voltage of the alternating current is greater than the voltage at two ends of the energy storage capacitor, the alternating current charges the energy storage capacitor, the charging current value is controlled by the adjustable current source, the alternating current supplies power to the load while the alternating current charges the energy storage capacitor, and the power supply current is controlled by the current limiting circuit; when the phase voltage of the alternating current is smaller than the voltage at two ends of the energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacitor supplies power to the load, and the power supply current is controlled by the current limiting circuit.
14. The dual-circuit current-limiting driving method of claim 13, wherein: the adjustable current source is controlled by the voltage drop of the power end of the current limiting circuit, when the voltage drop is increased, the output current of the adjustable current source is reduced, and when the voltage drop is reduced, the output current of the adjustable current source is increased.
15. The dual-circuit current-limiting driving method of claim 13, wherein: the adjustable current source is controlled by the current flowing through the current limiting circuit, the output current of the adjustable current source is reduced when the current flowing through the current limiting circuit is increased, and the output current of the adjustable current source is increased when the current flowing through the current limiting circuit is reduced.
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| CN107801268B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-11-15 | 华润矽威科技（上海）有限公司 | Linear high-efficiency constant current is without stroboscopic LED driving circuit and driving method thereof |
| CN107734745A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-02-23 | 上海源微电子科技有限公司 | A kind of high efficiency half presses LED linear drive circuit |
| CN108051632B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2023-06-06 | 西安安森智能仪器股份有限公司 | Method for supplying power to load of transmitter |
| CN110519881B (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2022-05-13 | 深圳市稳先微电子有限公司 | LED driving circuit and control method thereof |
| CN111969866B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-01-18 | 湖北襄整整流器有限公司 | Current-limiting control method for rectifier bridge |
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