CN103260041A - Multi-viewpoint automatic light-splitting three-dimensional display device of scene - Google Patents
Multi-viewpoint automatic light-splitting three-dimensional display device of scene Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-viewpoint automatic light-splitting three-dimensional display device of a scene. The multi-viewpoint automatic light-splitting three-dimensional display device of the scene comprises a camera array collecting module and a projector array display module. Multi-viewpoint video data are collected by the camera array collecting module, compressed, packed, and accessed in a kilomega local area network. A projection control computer and a display control main control computer of the projector array display module are accessed in the kilomega local area network, and the multi-viewpoint video data are decoded by the projection control computer and the display control main control computer in a software decoding mode. A large automatic light-splitting screen is composed of a lens board and a diffuse reflection board so as to achieve automatic light splitting of a scene light field. A user in any observation region can observe three-dimensional displaying of a plurality of viewpoints of the scene without auxiliary observation equipment such as three-dimensional glasses and experience lifelike three-dimensional effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the dimension display technologies field, especially relate to the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene, what described device can be real-time catches, transmits reality scene multi-view image data and carry out the automatic light splitting stereo display of many viewpoints.Apply to that three-dimensional television is live, fields such as 3 D video can instrument, three-dimensional teaching and three-dimensional interactive displaying.
Background technology
Along with the development of computer vision technique and the extensive use of dimension display technologies, people have not satisfied the visual effect on plane, and visual experience more true to nature is constantly pursued in beginning.Yet present most dimension display technologies all requires the beholder to wear auxiliary equipment watches, as need wear special 3D glasses when watching three-dimensional film, wearing special glasses can make the people have to be inconvenient to feel, to watch the fatigue that can cause excessive eye for another example for a long time.And this dimension display technologies has only a viewing area, no matter observes where standing in, and what see all is the three-dimensional picture at same visual angle.This Display Technique can't realize the live demonstration of scene simultaneously.Under this background, the automatic stereo Display Technique has been born, and has attracted scholar's broad research and experiment all over the world.
Many viewpoints automatic stereo Display Technique has a variety of, such as holography, body Display Technique, parallax Display Technique and many projection display techniques are arranged.The holographic emphasis that shows is exactly to utilize diffraction of light to come the light-wave information of reconstruct original objects.More famous " holographic video demonstration " that the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is arranged, its main element comprises: acoustooptical modulator, optical branching device, movably reflective mirror and lens etc., referring to " Pierre St-Hilaire; Mark E. Lucente; John D. Sutter; Ravikanth Pappu; Carlton J. Sparrell; Stephen A. Benton. Scaling up the MIT holographic video system[C] //Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Display Holography, SPIE, 1995:374-380 ".Concept important in the body Display Technique is exactly " voxel ", and so-called voxel refers to the least unit of cutting apart in the three dimensions, referring to " Stuart McKay, Gordon M. Mair, Steven Mason, Kenneth Revie. Membrane-mirr-
or-based?autostereoscopic?display?for?teleoperation?and?telepresence?applications[C]//?Proceedings?of?Stereoscopic?Displays?and?Virtual?Reality?Systems?VII,?vol.?3957?of?SPIE,?2000:198-207”。The body demonstration uses a kind of medium to fill or scan a three-dimensional spatial area, shows object by the voxel that illuminates wherein.What the body demonstration presented is transparent three-dimensional body, and this three-dimensional display effect that causes it is not fine, and the while is owing to the limitation of color, thus the light field that can not correctly reappear natural scene.The parallax Display Technique mainly is to utilize parallax barrier or lenticular lens plate to produce the light of different directions, makes right and left eyes see the image of different directions, causes binocular parallax, produces three-dimensional view.A lot of commercialization auto-stereoscopic display devices is that parallax barrier or lenticular lens plate are attached on LCDs or the plasma panel now, with reference to " S. Nakajima, K. Nakamura, K. Masamune; I. Sakuma, T. Dohi. Three-dim-
ensional?medical?imaging?display?with?computer-generated?integral?photography[J].?Computerized?Medical?Imaging?and?Graphics?25,?3,?2001:235–241”。Many projection display techniques are based upon on the parallax Display Technique in fact, because it has utilized the principle of binocular parallax just.In many many project stereoscopic display systems, show that large-screen all is to use the light-dividing principle of lenticular lens plate.
Domestic research in automatic stereo demonstration field is started late, Tsing-Hua University has set up the transmission system based on the Interactive Dynamic light field, referring to " Yebin Liu; Qionghai Dai; Wenli Xu. A Real Time Interactive Dynamic Light Field Transmission System[C] //Proceedings of ICME06; Toronto, 2006:2173-2176 "; Shanghai University has set up the FTV experiment porch based on ray space, referring to " Z.Y.Zhang; P.An. 3D Multi-view stereoscopic display and its key technologies[C] //Proceedings of Asia Display 2007; v01.1,2007:460-465 "; Microsoft Research, China and the Computer Department of the Chinese Academy of Science are also delivering a collection of achievement in research etc. aspect multiple vision point video stream compression and the viewpoint conversion respectively simultaneously, referring to " Xun Guo; Yan Lu; Feng Wu; Wen Gao. Inter-view direct mode for multiv-view video coding[J]; IEEE Trans. on CSVT; vol.16,2006:1527-1532 " and " Xun Guo, Yan Lu, Wen Gao, Qingming Huang. Viewpoint switching in multiview video streaming[J], IEEE Int. Symp. On Circuits and Systems, 2005:3471-3474 ".
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, need wear anaglyph spectacles and only have a viewpoint and the deficiency in an observation district at existing dimension display technologies, has proposed the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene.Described device can realize that real scene is gathered in real time, transmission and stereo display, by the automatic dichroism of display screen, makes beholder left and right sides eyes see the viewpoint of different angles, produces binocular parallax, realizes bore hole 3D.The present invention has the many viewing areas of many viewpoints, can allow the observer not see different scene viewpoints by any auxiliary evaluation equipment in different observation districts.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene, described device comprises camera array acquisition module and array of rear-projectors display module; Described camera array acquisition module comprises N platform industrial camera array and a collection control computer, and described N platform industrial camera array connects gathers the control computer, and collection control computer inserts the gigabit LAN network; Described array of rear-projectors display module comprises an automatic light splitting large-screen, a projecting apparatus is calibrated camera automatically, M platform array of rear-projectors, S platform projection control computer and a demonstration control main control computer, wherein projection control computer and demonstration control main control computer insert gigabit LAN, by UDP host-host protocol and the transmission of collection control computer realization real time video data, every catwalk projecting apparatus connects a projection control computer, projection control computer is connected with showing the control main control computer, projecting apparatus is calibrated camera automatically the automatic light splitting large-screen that is provided with index point is taken, then image transfer is given and show the control main control computer, utilize projective transformation to finish automatic calibration, the light splitting large-screen is made of lens board and diffuse reflector automatically; N, T, M, S are natural number.
The ultimate resolution of described industrial camera is 1280*1024, adopts 1394 interfaces to link to each other with collection control computer.
The ultimate resolution of described projecting apparatus is 1280*960.
The industrial camera array of described camera array acquisition module is the convergent type pattern to be arranged, and the angular separation between adjacent cameras is 0.5 to 1.5 degree.
M platform array of rear-projectors in the described array of rear-projectors display module is serration type to be arranged, and the horizontal range between adjacent two projecting apparatus is 4cm.
Described automatic light splitting large-screen is made of lens board and diffuse reflector, and the density of lens striped is 16/inch on the lens board; Automatically the maximum field of view angle of light splitting large-screen is 30 degree.
Described camera array acquisition module, its camera array adopt software multithreading and camera I/O level triggers to realize the synchronous collection of N platform camera.
Described array of rear-projectors display module, every projection control computer adopts 24 tunnel output video cards to connect 8 projecting apparatus, and it is synchronous to show that the control main control computer carries out projection by the mode of LAN broadcasting.
Described video data transmission, the picture frame of N platform camera synchronization being caught by collection control computer carries out compressed encoding and packing transmission, and the projection of array of rear-projectors display module is controlled computer and shown that the control main control computer adopts the software decode mode to the multi-view image data decode.
Described array of rear-projectors display module, its projecting apparatus are calibrated camera automatically and are taken display screen, adopt the method for seeking index point, identify predefined calibration marker point on the automatic light splitting large-screen.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention proposes the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene, described camera array acquisition module and the array of rear-projectors display module of comprising.The camera array acquisition module is gathered multi-view point video data compression packing, inserts gigabit LAN; The projection control computer of array of rear-projectors display module and demonstration control main control computer insert gigabit LAN, adopt the software decode mode to the multi-view image data decode; Automatically the light splitting large-screen is made of lens board and diffuse reflector, realizes the automatic light splitting of scene light field.The user need not by auxiliary facilities for observations such as anaglyph spectacleses at each viewing area, can watch the three-dimensional display of a plurality of viewpoints of scene, experiences 3-D effect true to nature.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is system global structure figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the camera array schematic diagram of camera array acquisition module among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the array of rear-projectors schematic diagram of array of rear-projectors display module among the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the profile of automatic light splitting large-screen among the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the forward projection mode that the array of rear-projectors display module adopts among the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the acquisition software flow chart of camera array acquisition module.
Fig. 7 is the software for display flow chart of array of rear-projectors display module.
Description of reference numerals: Fig. 2 in Fig. 5, the 1st, camera light axis congruence accumulation, the 2nd, camera optical axis, the 3rd, the angle of adjacent light axis
, the 4th, N platform camera array, the 5th, M platform array of rear-projectors, the 6th, the sequence number of the distribution sequence of projecting apparatus in the array of rear-projectors, the 7th, the spacing of adjacent two projecting apparatus, the 8th, lens board, the 9th, diffuse reflector, the 10th, observer, the 11st, the two bundle different light rays that enter observer's eyes.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene that the present invention is proposed is elaborated:
As shown in Figure 1, the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene of the present invention, its implementation process is as follows:
(1) generation of the real-time collection in the camera array acquisition module, new viewpoint and the calibration of camera
In the camera array acquisition module, adopted the MV-1300FC model C MOS camera of 8 dimensional view pictures, the ultimate resolution of camera is 1280*1024.They link to each other with collection control computer by the transmission card of 4 1394 interfaces.Why select this camera for use, because it has higher resolution, and what adopt is IEEE-1394A (live wire) interface, realizes the synchronous use of many cameras easily, compares with external camera to have higher cost performance.In gatherer process, 8 camera synchronization are gathered the color image data of scene, and the data that collect snap into by transmission and gather the control calculator memory.Owing in the array of rear-projectors display module, adopted 32 projecting apparatus, therefore need carry out interpolation to 8 visual point images that collect, generate 24 new viewpoints.Because the scene view that camera is caught has the similitude of height, so adopted the drafting of carrying out viewpoint based on the rendering intent of image.
In the camera array acquisition module camera array is arranged to an arc, 8 equally spaced arrangements of camera, the optical axis of camera collects in same point, as shown in Figure 2.Because the error of manufacture craft of dispatch from the factory technology and the experiment pallet of camera, the camera photocentre can not be strict converges in same point, so camera calibrated is very important.The calibration of camera can allow camera obtain the image of object different angles in the same visual field, reduces the ghost image that display end produces when projection different points of view image, reaches better three-dimensional display effect.The calibration of camera can be divided into two classes: a class is the calibration of true object of reference, and another kind of is the camera self calibration.What system adopted is the calibration of true object of reference.The step of calibration is as follows: at first, according to the size of photographed scene, select a template that is used for calibration for use, it is placed the preceding 4.5 meters position of camera array.Adjust the optical axis of all cameras, make the visual field of camera can generally cover template.4 index points are set at 4 angles of template are used for the calibration use.By the projection mapping algorithm visual field of all 8 camera array all is adjusted in the included scope of index point, finishes the calibration of camera array.
(2) compression of image data stream and transmission
In the camera array acquisition module, 8 camera while acquisition resolution are 24 color scene images of 1280*1024, play up the scene viewpoint that generates 24 new different angles afterwards, the image data amount size of the uncompressed that produce this moment is 120MB/s, gather the transmission bandwidth that transmission needs 120MB/s at least in real time, such transfer rate has surpassed the ability of present various transmission plans greatly.In this case, must carry out transmitting behind the compressed encoding to view data.Generally multi-view video compressed mode can have following two kinds: a kind of is respectively each road video flowing to be carried out compressed encoding, and another kind is that whole multiple vision point video stream is carried out compressed encoding uniformly.What the present invention adopted is respectively each road video flowing to be carried out compressed encoding, and namely the image data stream that every camera is caught compresses.The data that camera collects are BMP format color image data, and this is a kind of not compressed picture form, and the data volume of each frame is up to 3.75M.System directly is converted to the jpeg format data with the BMP format-pattern that collects in real time by software.Set the compression ratio that the BMP form changes into jpeg format in the system and be roughly 25:1, make total amount of data be compressed into 4.8MB/s in real time like this.The image that collects is drawn and is generated 24 new viewpoints after overcompression, utilizes gigabit networking group bag to send to projection control computer afterwards, and the array of rear-projectors display module carries out Projection Display after unpacking.
(3) the automatic light splitting stereo display of many viewpoints
The present invention realizes automatic light splitting stereo display by many shadow casting techniques.Many Projection Display are to utilize array of rear-projectors that the scene image of different angles is projected on the identical zone of display screen.Array of rear-projectors in the invention is made up of 32 grand basic K130 type projecting apparatus, and the distribution of projecting apparatus and the order of projection are as shown in Figure 3.Select this projecting apparatus to be because its volume is little, be well suited for compact arrangement, and power is lower, be fit to big array layout.The projector distance of this projecting apparatus and the requirement that projected resolution all satisfies system simultaneously.In array of rear-projectors, the spacing between adjacent two projecting apparatus of level is approximately 16cm.The spacing of projecting apparatus is 4cm before and after in the time of can obtaining projection according to the distribution map of array of rear-projectors, and this distance is determined by lenticular size and distribution density characteristic in the automatic light splitting large-screen lens board.If the spacing of projecting apparatus is too small, will produce the vision ghost image, excessive words can cause different angles scene picture excessively unsmooth, vision occurs and beat.The distance of array of rear-projectors and display screen is 4.5m.
The mode of many projections has two kinds: forward projection mode and rear projection mode.Because it is the individual layer lens board that the automatic light splitting large-screen that adopts in the invention adopts, employing is the forward projection mode.When the observer stands in the below of projecting apparatus, about two eyes will see that the adjacent projections instrument launches the scene image of two width of cloth different angles of coming, thereby produce binocular parallax, obtain the 3-D view of scene, as shown in Figure 5.Along with observer's movement, can produce mobile parallax, constantly can see the scene view of adjacent different angles, this experience is the same true to nature when seeing real scene.
The automatic light splitting large-screen that adopts in the invention is attached to the diffuse reflector surface by lens board and is made, and is the neat lens post noodles lines of a series of vertical arrangements on the lens board, as shown in Figure 4.Two important parameters are arranged automatically: maximum field of view angle and lens fringe density on the light splitting large-screen.The maximum field of view angle refers to a maximum observation angle of observing the district, in case after arriving the maximum field of view angle, even increase viewpoint, viewing area can not increase yet again.The lens fringe density refers to the quantity of lens striped in the per inch.The lens fringe density that automatic light splitting large-screen in the invention uses is 16.
(4) projecting apparatus is calibrated automatically
In order to make array of rear-projectors reach good drop shadow effect, avoid the generation of image ghost image in the Projection Display process in the automatic display module of projecting apparatus, the scene view that must guarantee all different angles all is projected in the same area on the display screen.So just need calibrate all projecting apparatus.The quantity of projecting apparatus is more in the experiment, and the manual calibration of projecting apparatus will expend a large amount of energy.So developed the self-checking device of projecting apparatus in the invention.
The projecting apparatus self-checking device need be used a control camera able to programme.Camera is placed on the suitable position, the place ahead of projecting apparatus, makes it can catch whole automatic light splitting large-screen.Do four index points at the automatic edge of light splitting large-screen, the color by selection marker point distinguishes they and automatic light splitting large-screen.Utilize projecting apparatus to calibrate the image that camera is caught automatic light splitting large-screen automatically, then projecting apparatus calibrate automatically automatic light splitting large-screen image that camera photographs by projection control computer projection on light splitting large-screen automatically.Get access to by the coordinate of software with four index points afterwards, utilize perspective projection transformation that the projection light of all projecting apparatus is aligned in the same area of automatic light splitting large-screen, finish the automatic calibration of projecting apparatus.
The software design:
Collection in camera array acquisition module and the array of rear-projectors display module and the software flow pattern of demonstration are respectively as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.Camera array is gathered in the control program, and the use multithreading is controlled the collection of camera and closed.Realize the synchronous collection of No. 8 cameras simultaneously by multithreading, utilize two buffer memorys to avoid the access conflict of acquisition buffer district and transmission buffering area.Open up independent transmission thread and realize the real-time transmission of 8 tunnel view data.In the array of rear-projectors display control program, adopt LAN broadcast's mode and multithreading to realize that 4 projection control computers are to the synchronous demonstration control of array of rear-projectors, automatically in the calibration process, the method for using gradation of image to handle and seek gradually index point is finished the automatic calibration of array of rear-projectors.
Claims (10)
1. the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene is characterized in that, described device comprises camera array acquisition module and array of rear-projectors display module; Wherein, described camera array acquisition module comprises N platform industrial camera array and gathers the control computer, and described N platform industrial camera array connects gathers the control computer, gathers the control computer and inserts the gigabit LAN network; Described array of rear-projectors display module comprises an automatic light splitting large-screen, a projecting apparatus is calibrated camera automatically, M platform array of rear-projectors, S platform projection control computer and a demonstration control main control computer, wherein projection control computer and demonstration control main control computer insert gigabit LAN, by UDP host-host protocol and the transmission of collection control computer realization real time video data, every catwalk array of rear-projectors connects a projection control computer, projection control computer is connected with showing the control main control computer, projecting apparatus is calibrated camera automatically the automatic light splitting large-screen that is provided with index point is taken, then image transfer is given and show the control main control computer, utilize projective transformation to finish automatic calibration, the light splitting large-screen is made of lens board and diffuse reflector automatically; N, T, M, S are natural number.
2. the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the ultimate resolution of described industrial camera is 1280*1024, adopts 1394 interfaces to link to each other with collection control computer.
3. the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the ultimate resolution of described projecting apparatus is 1280*960.
4. the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the industrial camera array of described camera array acquisition module is the convergent type pattern to be arranged, and the angular separation between adjacent cameras is 0.5 to 1.5 degree.
5. the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the M platform array of rear-projectors in the described array of rear-projectors display module is serration type to be arranged, and the horizontal range between adjacent two projecting apparatus is 4cm.
6. the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described automatic light splitting large-screen is made of lens board and diffuse reflector, and the density of lens striped is 16/inch on the lens board; Automatically the maximum field of view angle of light splitting large-screen is 30 degree.
7. the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described camera array acquisition module, and its camera array adopts software multithreading and camera I/O level triggers to realize the synchronous collection of N platform camera.
8. the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described array of rear-projectors display module, every projection control computer adopts 24 tunnel output video cards to connect 8 projecting apparatus, and it is synchronous to show that the control main control computer carries out projection by the mode of LAN broadcasting.
9. the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described video data transmission, the picture frame of N platform camera synchronization being caught by collection control computer carries out compressed encoding and packing transmission, and the projection of array of rear-projectors display module is controlled computer and shown that the control main control computer adopts the software decode mode to the multi-view image data decode.
10. the automatic light splitting 3 d display device of the many viewpoints of scene as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described array of rear-projectors display module, its projecting apparatus are calibrated camera automatically and taken display screen, adopt the method for seeking index point, identify predefined calibration marker point on the automatic light splitting large-screen.
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| CN104299548A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-01-21 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | Correcting system for naked eye multi-vision true three-dimensional display system and realizing method |
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| CN113506492A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-10-15 | 蕉乐教育科技(上海)有限公司 | Projection device and full-width piano keyboard picture projection method thereof |
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| CN103595996A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-02-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multi-view data transmission method for real three dimensional (3D) display system |
| CN104299548A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-01-21 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | Correcting system for naked eye multi-vision true three-dimensional display system and realizing method |
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Application publication date: 20130821 |