CN103258612A - Magnetic core of low conductive magnet, manufacturing method and application thereof - Google Patents
Magnetic core of low conductive magnet, manufacturing method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a magnetic core of a low conductive magnet, a manufacturing method and and application thereof. The magnetic core of the low conductive magnet is made of ferromagnetic magnetically soft alloy, the molecular formula of the alloy is FeaMbCucSidBeM'fXg, wherein M represents Ni and/ or Co, M' represents at least one element among V, Ti, Nb, Mo, Cr, Hf, Ta and W, and X represents P, Ge, C and impurities. With atomic percent as the unit, a, b, c, d, e, f and g meet the following conditions: b is larger than or equal to 5 and is smaller than or equal to 40, c is larger than or equal to 0.05 and is smaller than or equal to 1, d is larger than or equal to 1 and is smaller than or equal to 8, e is larger than or equal to 10 and is smaller than or equal to 20, f is larger than or equal to 0.5 and is smaller than or equal to 5, g is larger than or equal to 0 and is smaller than or equal to 0.5, d and e are larger than or equal to 10 and are smaller than or equal to 25, and a is equal to 100 minus b minus c minus d minus e minus f minus g. The microstructure of the using state of the alloy is an amorphous state. The magnetic core is low in magnetic conductivity, high in anti-saturation performance and high in modulation property to alternating current and direct current components. Further, a B-H loop line is of a linear shape, and the magnetic conductivity of the linear B-H loop line is high in modulation property in the alternating current and the direct current.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of have low magnetic permeability, a high anti-saturation performance have low magnetic conduction magnetic core and manufacture method and the purposes of adjustable height property processed at the AC and DC component.
Background technology
In the choke of current transformer and current compensation, but the magnetic core that requires to use has modularity highly to the AC and DC component.Wherein, at the development as power electronic technology such as convertible frequency air-conditioners, the current transformer that requires to use in its circuit has the ability of stronger anti-DC component, and the corresponding wherein requirement of magnetic core is to have low magnetic permeability and strong anti-saturation ability.Current compensation go to disturb in the choke, at single-phase purposes, the going of current compensation disturbs choke to have two with the reverse winding of circle, in heterogeneous purposes, the going of current compensation disturbs choke to have three or more winding in the same way.This coiling mode is cancelled out each other the magnetic flux of operating current induction.
Known current transformer core preferably has band to make by amorphous or nanocrystalline alloy, the going of current compensation disturbs the choke iron core preferably to be made by ferrite and amorphous or nanocrystalline alloy, the inductance of choke with coil turn, core section is long-pending and relative permeability magnetic core is relevant.
Electric current differs greatly in the circuit of power consumption, has to several Wan An from several peaces.Need be converted to more unified electric current for ease of the secondary meter measurement, the voltage on the circuit is breakneck than higher as direct the measurement all in addition.Current transformer just plays unsteady flow and electrical isolation effect.Micro-transformer of current once winding current I
1With secondary winding I
2Current ratio, make actual current compare K.Current ratio when micro-transformer of current is worked under rated operational current is represented with Kn the current transformer rated transformation ratio.
Kn=I
1/I
2
During work, winding of instrument transformer and the tested voltage of current-limiting resistance R series connection, secondary output connects amplifier and carries out I/V conversion (or direct resistance sampling).This moment, primary current was I
1=U/(R+r), secondary current I
2=I
1/ Kn, wherein r is a winding internal resistance, Kn is rated transformation ratio.
The nominal transformation ratio Kn of instrument transformer refers to the rated current I of current transformer
1With I
2The ratio.Namely
Kn＝I
1/I
2
When the current transformer primary current changed within the specific limits, general provision was 10～120%I
1, secondary current should change in proportion, and former and deputy limit electric current should same-phase.But exist factors such as internal impedance, exciting current and loss to make ratio and phase place error occur owing to instrument transformer, be called ratio and angular difference.
Ratio is that the difference of secondary current and primary current value size after conversion is to the latter's ratio, namely
f
UBe the ratio of voltage transformer, f
IRatio for current transformer.Work as KnI
2I
1The time, ratio is being for just, otherwise for negative.
Angular difference is the difference of secondary current and primary current phase place, namely
The current transformer of energy counting is used for indirect work in the industrial use, special-purpose primary current instrument transformer is arranged with being connected before the current input terminal, so the magnetic core of these current transformers is often made by the material with high permeability.These current transformers are not suitable for using in industrial mini-plant, because generally be not connected the primary current instrument transformer before the input in this case, operating current intensity often reaches 100A or higher, under this condition, the current transformer that with high permeability materials is magnetic core may saturatedly lose efficacy, and caused the insecurity of circuit.
At this current transformer, to be equipped with the ferrite shell type core of air-gap as magnetic core, this ferrite shell type core has the gratifying linearity as the function of primary current, satisfy the regulation of international standard to this of IEC62053 series, observe the electron energy counter of accuracy class 1 or 2% at the effective value I of the given maximum detection amount of bipolar zero symmetrical sine electric current
MaxMust be able to measure the amplitude peak with sinusoidal current maximum additive error 3 or 6%, the one pole halfwave rectifier, the numerical value of this amplitude equals the numerical value of maximum effective value.But owing to the relatively low saturated magnetic strength of ferrite needs the magnetic core of larger volume, so that current transformer high linear situation in whole current range is issued to the primary current of maximum detection amount, in addition, ferritic magnetic permeability is also strong relevant with temperature.
Based on the FINEMET alloy, add a certain amount of Ni and/or Co and substitute Fe, the nanometer crystal alloy of these Fe bases, usually make amorphous alloy by being chilled to solid phase from liquid phase, make it controlled micro crystallization by the heat treatment that is added with transverse magnetic field again and produce nanocrystalline crystallization phase, obtain lower magnetic permeability, thereby obtain the magnetic core of anti-DC component preferably, in this heat treating regime, heat treated temperature higher (generally more than 550 ℃) and processing time are grown (generally needing more than 4 hours).
A kind of possibility that realizes technical optimization is to use the current transformer of the magnetic core that amorphous alloy with comparison low magnetic permeability (500～5000) makes, and these magnetic cores are made by amorphous soft magnetic material of rapid solidification.The good stability of this magnetic permeability when changing modulation has guaranteed that phase error is in the whole very high linearity of wanting on the electric current transmitted scope.Avoided saturated by the low flip-flop of magnetic permeability value utilization in the wiring that can adjust, simultaneously because lower heat treatment temperature and the short heat treatment time of magnetic core significantly reduced the cost during current transformer core is made.
Summary of the invention
But the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of low magnetic conduction magnetic core that has high modularity at the AC and DC component; A kind of manufacture method of described magnetic core also is provided.
A kind of low magnetic conduction magnetic core, this magnetic core is made by ferromagnetic magnetically soft alloy, and the molecular formula of described alloy is Fe
aM
bCu
cSi
dB
eM '
fX
g, wherein M is Ni and/or Co, and M ' is at least a among element V, Ti, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cr, Hf, Ta, the W, and X represents P, Ge, C and impurity, is that a of unit, b, c, d, e, f, g meet the following conditions with the atomic percent:
5≤b≤40；0.05≤c≤1；1≤d≤8；10≤e≤20；0.5≤f≤5；0≤g≤0.5；10≤d+e≤25；a=100-b-c-d-e-f-g；
Described alloy uses the microstructure of state to be amorphous state.
7≤b≤29 wherein; 0.05≤c≤0.1; 3.8≤d≤8; 14≤e≤20; 1≤f≤1.2.
Described magnetic core by thickness less than the strip coil of 40 μ m around forming.
The coercive force magnetic field intensity H of described magnetic core
cValue less than 10Am
-1
The remanence ratio of described magnetic core is less than 0.1.
The 8000Am of described magnetic core
-1Magnetic flux density B
8000Greater than 1.1T.
Described magnetic core for sealing, the annular core of no air-gap, oval iron core or rectangle iron core.
Described magnetic core sprays the impermeable extremely inner organic binding material of one deck as overcoat on the top layer.
Described magnetic core by soft elastic reaction binding material and/or soft plasticity not the reaction bonded material be fixed in the groove that protects box.
A kind of manufacture method of described low magnetic conduction magnetic core, it comprises the steps:
(1) by single-roller rapid quenching with quenching the alloy of described component is carried out the spray of alloy melt, form amorphous alloy ribbon;
(2) carry out band Fixed width roller as required and cut, reel then and make the iron core of certain size;
(3) iron core is warming up in inert gas, nitrogen and hydrogen mixture or vacuum carries out destressing heat treatment below the crystallization temperature; Heat treatment temperature is 350 ℃～500 ℃, and heat treated total time is lower than 2 hours, and the average heating rate during heat treatment is 1～50 ℃/minute, and average cooling rate is 1～40 ℃/minute;
(4) in heat treatment process, apply magnetic field intensity greater than 20KAm at holding stage along the magnetic core short transverse
-1Transverse magnetic field, simultaneously, keep time below 2 hours 350 ℃～500 ℃ temperature, be cooled to when room temperature is come out of the stove and close magnetic field, obtain this low magnetic conduction magnetic core;
Wherein, described alloy uses the microstructure of state to be amorphous state.
In the step (1), the surface roughness Ra of described alloy thin band is less than 5 μ m.
In the step (2), described iron core by have less than the strip coil coiled sealing of the thickness of 40 μ m, the annular core of no air-gap, oval iron core or rectangle iron core.
In the step (3), the average heating rate during heat treatment is 5～20 ℃/minute, and average cooling rate is 1～20 ℃/minute.
Described magnetic core is at the overcoat of the impermeable organic binding material to core interior of top layer spraying one deck as iron core.
The purposes of described low magnetic conduction magnetic core is used for: 1) detect the current transformer of half-sinusoid alternating current, 2) have a current-compensated choke of strong anti-saturation ability.
When being used for described current transformer, at room temperature, phase difference is less than 5 ° in 1/3 dc bias current scope is arranged, and the absolute value of ratio is less than or equal to 3%.
When being used for described current-compensated choke, under the monophase current situation, comprise two with the reverse winding of circle coiling; Under three-phase or the multiphase current situation, comprise the same circle winding of coiling in the same way more than three.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the magnetic hysteresis loop of magnetic core of the present invention approaches linear, has low residual magnetic flux density, coercive force and is difficult for saturated and bigger anisotropy field H
k, the ratio of residual magnetic flux density and saturation induction density is less than 5%, and coercive force is less than 10Am
-1, saturation induction density is greater than 1.1T).Even this asymmetrical electric current of half-sine wave electric current also can be measured accurately.Described magnetic core has stronger corrosion resistance and thermal stability, mainly is made of some cheap alloying elements, and heat treatment process is simple, and is with low cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the Fe of the magnetic core of first embodiment among the present invention
62-xNi
19Co
xCr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14Alloy is at 8000Am
-1In magnetic flux density B
8000Curve chart.
Fig. 2 shows the Fe of the magnetic core of second embodiment among the present invention
79-xNi
xCo
2Cr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14Alloy is at 8000Am
-1In magnetic flux density B
8000Curve chart.
Fig. 3 shows the Fe of the magnetic core of first embodiment among the present invention
62-xNi
19Co
xCr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The squareness ratio Br/B of alloy
8000Curve chart.
Fig. 4 shows the Fe of the magnetic core of second embodiment among the present invention
79-xNi
xCo
2Cr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The squareness ratio Br/B of alloy
8000Curve chart.
Fig. 5 shows the Fe of the magnetic core of first embodiment among the present invention
62-xNi
19Co
xCr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The curve chart of the coercivity H of alloy.
Fig. 6 shows the Fe of the magnetic core of second embodiment among the present invention
79-xNi
xCo
2Cr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The curve chart of the coercivity H of alloy.
Fig. 7 shows the Fe of the magnetic core of first embodiment among the present invention
62-xNi
19Co
xCr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The magnetic permeability μ curve chart of alloy.
Fig. 8 shows the Fe of the magnetic core of second embodiment among the present invention
79-xNi
xCo
2Cr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The magnetic permeability μ curve chart of alloy.
Fig. 9 shows the Fe of the magnetic core of first embodiment among the present invention
62-xNi
19Co
xCr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The anisotropy field H of alloy
kCurve chart.
Figure 10 illustrates the Fe of the magnetic core of second embodiment among the present invention
79-xNi
xCo
2Cr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The anisotropy field H of alloy
kCurve chart.
Figure 11 shows the Fe of magnetic core among the present invention
aM
bCu
cSi
dB
eM '
fX
gThe direct current magnetic hysteresis loop curve chart of alloy.
Figure 12 shows among the present invention tem analysis figure after the used heat treatment of alloy of magnetic core.
Figure 13 shows the XRD analysis figure before and after the used alloy heat treatment of magnetic core among the present invention.
Figure 14 shows the equivalent circuit diagram of current transformer in the prior art.
Figure 15 shows current-compensated choke fundamental diagram in the prior art.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.The present invention is not limited to following examples.
The composition of low magnetic conduction magnetic core
The low magnetic conduction magnetic core that has an adjustable height property processed at the AC and DC component with low magnetic permeability, high anti-saturation performance of the present invention is made by the Fe base noncrystal alloy, and wherein, described alloy can be expressed as Fe by general formula
aM
bCu
cSi
dB
eM '
fX
g(atom %), wherein, M is Ni and/or Co, at least a element of M ' for from V, Ti, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cr, Hf, Ta, W, selecting, X represents P, Ge, C and general impurity on the market, be the value that unit has provided a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i with atom %, a, b, c, d, e, f, g meet the following conditions respectively: 5≤b≤40,0.05≤c≤1,1≤d≤8,10≤e≤20,0.5≤f≤5,0≤g≤0.5,10≤d+e≤25, a=100-b-c-d-e-f-g.Alloy organizing is whole amorphous states.
Wherein, M is Co and/or Ni, can make low magnetic conduction magnetic core of the present invention that the magnetic hysteresis loop of favorable linearity is arranged, and increases the magnetic induction anisotropic of alloy, adjusts anisotropy field H
k, strengthen the anti-saturation ability of magnetic core, therefore adopt the current transformer of this kind magnetic core or the current-compensated choke also can operate as normal under the situation of direct current biasing.When the amount of M less than 5% the time, anisotropy field H
kBe worth little, easily saturated when direct current biasing is arranged, make the current transformer, current-compensated choke can't operate as normal, when the value of b greater than 40 the time, anisotropy field H
kExcessive, and the coercive force increase, the absolute value of phase difference and relative error is excessive, influences the operating accuracy of current transformer.
Si and B are the element that helps amorphous to form, when the value of d+e less than 10 the time, the amorphous formation ability of alloy is relatively poor, the difficult alloy strip steel rolled stock of producing in enormous quantities, when the value of d+e greater than 25 the time, saturation flux density descends, and causes the phase difference of magnetic core and relative error absolute value to increase, and influences the operating accuracy of current transformer.
At least a element of M ' for from V, Ti, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cr, Hf, Ta, W, selecting, the adding of these elements can improve a crystallization temperature of alloy, guaranteed alloy thermal stability in use, also improve the corrosion resistance of alloy in addition, guaranteed the stability of magnetic core under various service conditions.
Described low magnetic conduction magnetic core is at 8000Am
-1Magnetic flux density B
8000Greater than 1.1T, anisotropy field H
kBe 150Am
-1～1500Am
-1, squareness ratio Br/Bs adopts simulation ballistic method test initial permeability μ less than 5% under the DC condition
iBe 500～5000.
As shown in Figure 1, be the Fe of the magnetic core of the first embodiment of the present invention
62-xNi
19Co
xCr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14Alloy is at 8000Am
-1In magnetic flux density B
8000Curve chart, Fig. 2 is the Fe of the magnetic core of second embodiment of the invention
79-xNi
xCo
2Cr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14Alloy is at 8000Am
-1In magnetic flux density B
8000Curve chart.Described Fe base noncrystal alloy magnetic core 8000Am
-1In magnetic flux density B
8000Must be more than 1.1T, thus the anisotropy field H of magnetic core guaranteed
kEnough big, guarantee that magnetic core is being applied with operate as normal under the condition of bias current.Can the saturation flux density of magnetic core be brought up to more than the 1.4T by the adjustment of component.
The anti-saturation ability of magnetic core can be by anisotropy field H
kSize judge H
kSize equal the magnetic field size of magnetic hysteresis loop first quartile flex point place correspondence, among the present invention, the anisotropy field H of magnetic core
kValue is 150Am
-1～1500Am
-1, Fig. 9 shows the Fe of the magnetic core of first embodiment among the present invention
62-xNi
19Co
xCr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The anisotropy field H of alloy
kCurve chart, Figure 10 illustrate the Fe of the magnetic core of second embodiment among the present invention
79-xNi
xCo
2Cr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The anisotropy field H of alloy
kCurve chart.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, show the Fe of the magnetic core of first embodiment among the present invention respectively
62-xNi
19Co
xCr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The squareness ratio Br/B of alloy
8000Curve chart and the Fe of the magnetic core of second embodiment
79-xNi
xCo
2Cr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The squareness ratio Br/B of alloy
8000Curve chart.The squareness ratio B of Fe base noncrystal alloy among the present invention
r/ B
8000Less than 5%, preferred squareness ratio B
r/ B
8000Less than 2%, coercivity H is less than 10Am
-1Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 show the Fe of the magnetic core of first embodiment among the present invention respectively
62-xNi
19Co
xCr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The Fe of the magnetic core of the curve chart of the coercivity H of alloy and second embodiment
79-xNi
xCo
2Cr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The curve chart of the coercivity H of alloy.
The initial permeability μ r of the Fe base noncrystal alloy of magnetic core is greater than 500 among the present invention, shows the Fe of the magnetic core of first embodiment among the present invention respectively less than 4000, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8
62-xNi
19Co
xCr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The Fe of the magnetic permeability μ curve chart of alloy and the magnetic core of second embodiment
79-xNi
xCo
2Cr
1.1Cu
0.1Si
3.8B
14The magnetic permeability μ curve chart of alloy.
Compare characteristics such as magnetic core of the present invention has coercive force low, and production process is simple and efficient with the nanometer crystal alloy of the existing Co of containing and/or Ni.
Table 1 has been listed the alloy DC performance data of different embodiment and the comparative example of alloy of the present invention.
Table 1 alloy DC performance data
| Numbering | Form (atom %) | B 8000(T) | Br/B 8000(%) | μ | Hc(Am -1) | H k(Am -1) | λs(ppm) |
| 1 | Fe 62Ni 19Cr 1.1Cu 0.1Si 3.8B 14 | 1.24 | 0.38 | 1615 | 2.03 | 300 | 14.3 |
| 2 | Fe 60.8Ni 19Co 1Cr 1.2Cu 0.1Nb 0.1Si 3.8B 14 | 1.28 | 0.40 | 1780 | 2.19 | 200 | - |
| 3 | Fe 60Ni 19Co 2Cr 1Cu 0.1Nb 0.1Si 3.8B 14 | 1.24 | 0.26 | 1515 | 1.78 | 200 | - |
| 4 | Fe 57Ni 19Co 5Cr 1.1Cu 0.1Si 3.8B 14 | 1.27 | 0.27 | 1205 | 1.78 | 350 | 9.7 |
| 5 | Fe 52Ni 19Co 10Cr 1.1Cu 0.1Si 3.8B 14 | 1.24 | 0.53 | 970 | 4.76 | 1005 | 4.2 |
| 6 | Fe 74Ni 5Co 2Cr 1.1Cu 0.1Si 3.8B 14 | 1.20 | 2.22 | 4250 | 4.03 | 160 | - |
| 7 | Fe 72Ni 7Co 2Cr 1.1Cu 0.1Si 3.8B 14 | 1.28 | 0.64 | 2050 | 2.12 | 560 | - |
| 8 | Fe 69Ni 10Co 2Cr 1.1Cu 0.1Si 3.8B 14 | 1.31 | 0.34 | 1050 | 1.11 | 760 | - |
| 9* | Fe 66.8Ni 10Cu 0.8Nb 2.9Si 11.5B 8 | 1.25 | 1.2 | 2787 | 4.1 | 320 | 12.5 |
| 10* | Fe 56.8Ni 10Co 10Cu 0.8Nb 2.9Si 11.5B 8 | 1.24 | 1.2 | 1627 | 7.3 | 590 | 7.9 |
Annotate: μ represents average magnetic permeability, i.e. the mean value of magnetic hysteresis loop slope;
Numbering 9* and 10* are the comparative example of existing two compositions.
Based on above-mentioned performance, it is strong that the magnetic core of Fe base noncrystal alloy of the present invention preparation has the anti-saturation ability, magnetic hysteresis loop linearity height, and characteristics such as coercive force is low, but have operate as normal under the direct current biasing condition.Adopt the current transformer of this kind magnetic core preparation, lower phase difference and relative error are arranged.
The preparation method of low magnetic conduction magnetic core
The preparation method of a kind of low magnetic conduction magnetic core of the present invention is as follows:
1. by single-roller rapid quenching with quenching the alloy of described component is carried out the spray of alloy melt, form amorphous alloy ribbon.
The band processed that does not contain the alloying component of active element can adopt non-vacuum condition, and the alloying component that contains active element can adopt spray under inert gas such as nitrogen, argon gas or the vacuum, can adopt the protection of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide atmosphere in addition at the nozzle place.The surface roughness Ra of alloy thin band requires as far as possible little, generally should be less than 5 μ m.
2. carry out band Fixed width roller as required and cut, reel then and make the iron core of certain size.
By have less than the strip coil coiled sealing of the thickness of 40 μ m, the annular core of no air-gap, oval iron core or rectangle iron core
3. be warming up to the following suitable temperature of crystallization temperature and carry out destressing heat treatment, magnetic core after heat treatment is amorphous state completely.
After amorphous alloy thin band is wound into ring-shaped magnetic core, in order to obtain better magnetic property and less performance difference, magnetic core is heat-treated in inert gas, nitrogen and hydrogen mixture or vacuum such as nitrogen, argon gas, helium.
Heat treatment temperature should be lower than crystallization temperature, be specially 350 ℃～500 ℃, from viewpoint and the actual thermal effectiveness of volume production, heat treated total time should be lower than 2 hours, average heating rate during heat treatment is 1～50 ℃/minute, preferred 5～20 ℃/minute.Average cooling rate is 1～40 ℃/minute in addition, preferred 1～20 ℃/minute.
Can obtain having the magnetic core of good linearity magnetic hysteresis loop by this heat treatment, make phase difference and relative error less current instrument transformer, Figure 11 shows the Fe of magnetic core among the present invention
aM
bCu
cSi
dB
eM '
fX
gThe direct current magnetic hysteresis loop curve chart of alloy.
4. in heat treatment process, apply magnetic field intensity greater than 20KAm at holding stage along the magnetic core short transverse
-1Transverse magnetic field, simultaneously, keep time below 2 hours 350 ℃～500 ℃ temperature, be cooled to when room temperature is come out of the stove and close magnetic field, obtain this low magnetic conduction magnetic core.
Figure 12 shows among the present invention tem analysis figure after the used heat treatment of alloy of magnetic core.Figure 13 shows the XRD analysis figure before and after the used alloy heat treatment of magnetic core among the present invention.
Wherein, described low magnetic conduction magnetic core, coercive force magnetic field intensity H
cValue less than 10Am
-1, remanence ratio is less than 0.1.The alloy microstructure all is amorphous state after the heat treatment.
Should low magnetic conduction magnetic core at the overcoat of spraying one deck impermeable organic binding material to core interior in top layer as iron core.Can by soft elastic reaction binding material and/or soft plasticity not the reaction bonded material be fixed in the groove that protects box.
The purposes of low magnetic conduction magnetic core
Described low magnetic conduction magnetic core can be used for current transformer, and Figure 14 shows the equivalent circuit diagram of known current transformer.Described current transformer also comprises an elementary winding and at least one secondary winding in addition, and wherein, described secondary winding is by secondary load resistance and/or measure the low ohm closure of electronic installation.Described current transformer, the absolute value of phase difference and relative error is little, even also can revise easily and accurate the measurement the electric current of asymmetrical half-wave sine-wave current or direct current biasing, phase difference is less than 5 ° in the scope of rated current, and the absolute value of relative error is less than 3%.Can be used for the half-wave simple sinusoidal alternating current is measured.
Described low magnetic conduction magnetic core also can be used for current-compensated choke, and Figure 15 shows known current-compensated choke fundamental diagram.Described current-compensated choke when monophase current is used, also comprises two with the reverse winding of circle coiling; Three-phase or multiphase current are also comprised the same circle winding of coiling in the same way more than three.Described current-compensated choke has strong anti-saturation ability.
To larger-size magnetic core, can suitably reduce and heat up and rate of temperature fall, because the magnetic core size is bigger, if heating rate is too high, may cause the core interior heat accumulation, cause local overheating, cause mis-behave.The heat treatment process of magnetic core also can be carried out more than once, thereby obtains perfect performance.
For the performance that prevents magnetic core worsens, preferably iron core is placed in the insulating properties box of stress application not, for magnetic core in use can not being shaken even clashing into the fragmentation that causes, in dress box process, can coat the curable paste of an amount of macromolecule organic class or semi-solid glue bond on the magnetic core two sides respectively.At the small size magnetic core, also can be at magnetic core top layer spraying one deck phenolic resins, baking and curing, and guarantee not make colloid to infiltrate between the band.After magnetic core dress box or coating, according to instructions for use, coiling primary and secondary coil is made current transformer on magnetic core, or two of coilings are made current-compensated choke to a plurality of with the circle coil.
Table 2 has been listed the performance data with the alloy heat treatment mode of the corresponding different embodiment of table 1 and comparative example and corresponding current transformer.
The performance data of the current transformer of the alloy heat treatment mode of the different embodiment of table 2 and comparative example and correspondence
Annotate: QF represents the heat treatment in the transverse magnetic field, and namely magnetic direction is along the magnetic core short transverse;
Numbering 9* and 10* are the comparative example of existing two compositions.
The phase difference of current transformer of the present invention, current-compensated choke magnetic core, relative error absolute value are little, and the anti-saturation ability is strong, still can normally work accurately under asymmetrical half-wave sine-wave current and direct current biasing condition.The coercive force of magnetic core and remanence ratio are starkly lower than comparative example among the present invention, and since among the present invention the alloy microstructure of magnetic core be amorphous, heat treating regime is than comparative example simple and fast more, large-scale production efficiently can have high input.
Claims (18)
1. one kind low magnetic conduction magnetic core, this magnetic core is made by ferromagnetic magnetically soft alloy, it is characterized in that: the molecular formula of described alloy is Fe
aM
bCu
cSi
dB
eM '
fX
g, wherein M is Ni and/or Co, and M ' is at least a among element V, Ti, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cr, Hf, Ta, the W, and X represents P, Ge, C and impurity, is that a of unit, b, c, d, e, f, g meet the following conditions: 5≤b≤40 with the atomic percent; 0.05≤c≤1; 1≤d≤8; 10≤e≤20; 0.5≤f≤5; 0≤g≤0.5; 10≤d+e≤25; A=100-b-c-d-e-f-g;
Described alloy uses the microstructure of state to be amorphous state.
2. low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: 7≤b≤29 wherein; 0.05≤c≤0.1; 3.8≤d≤8; 14≤e≤20; 1≤f≤1.2.
3. low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described magnetic core by thickness less than the strip coil of 40 μ m around forming.
4. low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the coercive force magnetic field intensity H of described magnetic core
cValue less than 10Am
-1
5. low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the remanence ratio of described magnetic core is less than 0.1.
6. low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: relative permeability 500＜μ＜5000 of described magnetic core.
7. low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the 8000Am of described magnetic core
-1Magnetic flux density B
8000Greater than 1.1T.
8. low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described magnetic core for sealing, the annular core of no air-gap, oval iron core or rectangle iron core.
9. low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described magnetic core top layer spraying one deck impermeable to inner organic binding material as overcoat.
10. low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described magnetic core by soft elastic reaction binding material and/or soft plasticity not the reaction bonded material be fixed in the groove that protects box.
11. the manufacture method as one of above-mentioned claim described low magnetic conduction magnetic core, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
(1) by single-roller rapid quenching with quenching the alloy of described component is carried out the spray of alloy melt, form amorphous alloy ribbon;
(2) carry out band Fixed width roller as required and cut, reel then and make the iron core of certain size;
(3) iron core is warming up in inert gas, nitrogen and hydrogen mixture or vacuum carries out destressing heat treatment below the crystallization temperature; Heat treatment temperature is 350 ℃～500 ℃, and heat treated total time is lower than 2 hours, and the average heating rate during heat treatment is 1～50 ℃/minute, and average cooling rate is 1～40 ℃/minute;
(4) in heat treatment process, apply magnetic field intensity greater than 20KAm at holding stage along the magnetic core short transverse
-1Transverse magnetic field, simultaneously, keep time below 2 hours 350 ℃～500 ℃ temperature, be cooled to when room temperature is come out of the stove and close magnetic field, obtain this low magnetic conduction magnetic core;
Wherein, described alloy uses the microstructure of state to be amorphous state.
12. the manufacture method of low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that:
In the step (1), the surface roughness Ra of described alloy thin band is less than 5 μ m.
13. the manufacture method of low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that:
In the step (2), described iron core by have less than the strip coil coiled sealing of the thickness of 40 μ m, the annular core of no air-gap, oval iron core or rectangle iron core.
14. the manufacture method of low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that:
In the step (3), the average heating rate during heat treatment is 5～20 ℃/minute, and average cooling rate is 1～20 ℃/minute.
15. the manufacture method of low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that:
Described magnetic core is at the overcoat of the impermeable organic binding material to core interior of top layer spraying one deck as iron core.
16. the purposes of a low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be used for 1) detect the current transformer of half-sinusoid alternating current, 2) have a current-compensated choke of strong anti-saturation ability.
17. the purposes of a low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: when being used for described current transformer, at room temperature, phase difference is less than 5 ° in 1/3 dc bias current scope is arranged, and the absolute value of ratio is less than or equal to 3%.
18. the purposes of low magnetic conduction magnetic core as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that: when being used for described current-compensated choke, under the monophase current situation, comprise two with the reverse winding of circle coiling; Under three-phase or the multiphase current situation, comprise the same circle winding of coiling in the same way more than three.
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