CN103255580A - Automotive plate and production method thereof - Google Patents
Automotive plate and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103255580A CN103255580A CN 201210035527 CN201210035527A CN103255580A CN 103255580 A CN103255580 A CN 103255580A CN 201210035527 CN201210035527 CN 201210035527 CN 201210035527 A CN201210035527 A CN 201210035527A CN 103255580 A CN103255580 A CN 103255580A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automotive plate and a production method thereof. The plate is made of non-woven fabrics formed by mixing polylactic acid fibers with natural fibers, the strength of the polylactic acid fibers is higher than 1.4CN/dtex, the strength of the natural fibers is higher than 3.0CN/dtex, and the three-point bending strength of the plate is higher than 0.04N/50mm/g/m<2>. The automotive plate has the advantages of high strength, fine dimensional stability, no environmental pollution and simple processing technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automobile sheet material and production method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of automobile sheet material by the hot-forming processing of high strength non-woven fabric and production method thereof.
Background technology
At present, utilize the abundantest natural plant fibre exploitation of occurring in nature resource to have premium properties and low-cost composite, this research has caused people's great attention.Natural plant fibre has good characteristics such as inexpensive light weight, specific strength and specific stiffness height, and particularly it belongs to renewable resource, but the natural degradation material is that other reinforcing material is incomparable.Adopt chemical synthetic material such as existing automotive upholstery product, this material is non-renewable more, and certain pollution also can be caused to environment in the processing back, and the intensity of the automotive upholstery product that makes also is not being met.
A kind of composite material for automobile interior part and production method thereof are disclosed as Chinese publication CN101812773, though this patent has adopted acid fiber by polylactic to mix with natural fabric, carry out back processing then and obtain final finished, but this finished product has how high intensity is not resolved.
A kind of method of making woody molding and for example is provided among the Chinese publication CN1933947.This method comprises: the base-material that comprises wood fibre, acid fiber by polylactic and inorganic filler is carried out compression moulding, under near the temperature of described acid fiber by polylactic crystallization temperature described molded base-material is kept the time of Len req, thereby make the acid fiber by polylactic crystallization.At crystallisation step, acid fiber by polylactic solidifies, thereby forms mechanograph.The gained nonwoven fabric produces the size distortion problem and is not resolved in the following process process, and different material is not mentioned to the influence of plate forming intensity yet.
In addition, more than two pieces of patents when combing, all adopt the mode of air-flow combing, become the distribution of weight of net nonwoven webs cross direction inhomogeneous, cause the nonwoven fabric mechanical property bigger at the standard deviation of fabric width direction, thereby the deviation that causes sheet material rerum natura aspect fabric width becomes big, the rerum natura of restive product.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of intensity height, DIMENSIONAL STABILITY are good, environmentally safe, the simple automobile sheet material of processing technology and production method thereof.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows: automobile sheet material of the present invention is to be that acid fiber by polylactic and intensity more than the 1.4CN/dtex is that natural fabric more than the 3.0CN/dtex mixes the nonwoven fabric that processes by intensity, and the three-point bending strength of this sheet material is 0.04N/50mm/g/m
2More than.If less than 3.0CN/dtex, the intensity that then constitutes nonwoven fabric will descend the intensity of acid fiber by polylactic, thereby will be less than 0.04N/50mm/g/m by the three-point bending strength of nonwoven fabric machine-shaping sheet material less than the intensity of 1.4CN/dtex or natural fabric
2If sheet material receives that external force does the time spent, deforms easily; If the intensity of acid fiber by polylactic or natural fabric is excessive, will increase cost.Consider the timber intensity height that makes, distortion is little, cost is low, preferred automobile sheet material is to be that acid fiber by polylactic and the intensity of 1.4~2.4CN/dtex is that the natural fabric of 3.0~4.0CN/dtex mixes the nonwoven fabric that processes by intensity, thereby preferably the three-point bending strength of this sheet material is 0.04~0.1N/50mm/g/m
2
Automobile sheet material of the present invention, the elongation at break of above-mentioned natural fabric are below 8.0%.If the elongation at break of natural fabric is greater than 8.0%, form in the process of nonwoven fabric and deform easily, during plate forming because the size instability, thereby cause sheet deformation, the waste raw material, nonwoven fabric intensity also changes simultaneously, thereby influences the intensity of sheet material.
Automobile sheet material of the present invention, the content of above-mentioned acid fiber by polylactic are that the content of 30~70 weight %, above-mentioned natural fabric is 70~30 weight %., reduce as the PLA content of binding agent less than 30 weight % as the content of acid fiber by polylactic, will cause between the natural fabric adhesive property bad; If the content of acid fiber by polylactic is greater than 70 weight %, the content of acid fiber by polylactic increases, and causes cost of material to rise.
Automobile sheet material of the present invention, above-mentioned natural fabric are one or more in kenaf, abutilon fibre, apocynum fibre, abaca fibre, the pineapple fibre fiber.Preferred kenaf, kenaf is that mechanical property is best in the bast-fibre, have antibiotic, heat-resisting, light resistance, and price is relatively cheap.Simultaneously, even the automobile sheet material that is made of kenaf is when automobile gets into an accident, the breakage of trim packing plate sharp wedge angle can not occur yet; Secondly the interior lining panel that is made of kenaf has good noise resistance effect; The 3rd under the equal quality condition, and the weight of the interior lining panel that is made of kenaf reduces 30%, thereby can reduce the oil consumption of automobile, reaches the effect of energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Automobile sheet material of the present invention, the fracture strength of above-mentioned nonwoven fabric are 0.3N/50mm/g/m
2More than, elongation at break is below 40%.If the fracture strength of nonwoven fabric is less than 0.3N/50mm/g/m
2, elongation at break is greater than 40%, then nonwoven fabric is subjected to external force (such as carrying etc.) effect in the subsequent handling process, is easy to generate distortion, thereby influence the processing and forming of sheet material, finally causes the three-point bending degree of sheet material to descend, easily damage.
The production method of automobile sheet material of the present invention is that acid fiber by polylactic and intensity more than the 1.4CN/dtex is that natural fabric more than the 3.0CN/dtex mixes, shredding, combing, cross lapping, is 150~250/cm at total needling density intensity
2Under carry out acupuncture and become felt, then that the softening back of handling of felt is hot-forming, make finished product at last.Concrete production method is as follows: (1) is that the natural fabric of 6~17cm evenly mixes with 2.6~7.6cm acid fiber by polylactic with length; (2) fiber that mixes is dropped into shredding mixing in the opener, send into hopper then; (3) fiber that the shredding that stores in the hopper was mixed is delivered to the acupuncture carding machine and carries out combing; (4) fiber after the combing is sent into carried out cross lapping in the lapping machine; (5) carry out acupuncture in the needing machine and become felt sending into behind the net folding of completing; (6) acupuncture is good felt heating precompressed becomes coiled material, makes the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid composite felt, i.e. the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid nonwoven fabric; (7) coiled material after the heated-air drying is cut into require size after, soften processing, put into mould then and carry out hot-formingly, make finished product at last.
Automobile sheet material of the present invention, the acupuncture processing mode adopts four road reinforcing modes up and down, and it is the configuration mode of 30~36#, 32~38#, 35~40#, 38~42# that four roads, first road to the adopt the pin model; It is 30~70/cm that four roads, first road to the all adopt needling density
2Configuration mode, wherein, the configuration mode of back twice needling density is greater than preceding twice.If it is improper that pin model and needling density are selected for use, then in process, damage fiber easily, cause nonwoven fabric intensity to descend, also can occur a large amount of broken needle phenomenons simultaneously, thereby influence is produced.If total needling density is less than 150/cm
2, connection power descends between the nonwoven fabric levels, will cause nonwoven fabric intensity to descend; If total needling density is greater than 250/cm
2, in acupuncture course, fiber is caused damage, cause nonwoven fabric intensity to descend equally.Adopt the method for acupuncture combing to carry out combing in the above-mentioned steps (3), just can guarantee the combing of whole fabric width direction evenly, fabric width direction distribution of weight is even, avoided the irregular problem of lapping, thereby can not influence the rerum natura deviation of nonwoven webs cross direction, also just can not influence sheet material in the performance of fabric width direction.
Automobile sheet material of the present invention, softening processing in the above-mentioned steps (7) is that 180~220 ℃, heat time heating time are to carry out under 10~14 minutes in heating-up temperature, if heating-up temperature is less than 10 minutes less than 180 ℃, time, will cause imperfect bonding between acid fiber by polylactic and the natural fabric; If heating-up temperature greater than 220 ℃, because natural fabric holds and can't stand high temperature, will be sent out Jiao, thereby influence the performance of sheet material.Hot-forming in the above-mentioned steps (7) is that 150~190 ℃, time are to carry out under 1 minute in temperature.If hot-forming temperature is lower than 150, the time is less than 1 minute, the sheet material stereo shaping is bad during moulding, and fibrous fracture appears in edge easily, influences the quality of moulding and the rerum natura of sheet material; If hot-forming temperature is higher than 190 ℃, the time is more than 1 minute, because temperature height, time are long, causes the sheet deformation that makes.
Automobile sheet material of the present invention has that intensity height, DIMENSIONAL STABILITY are good, environmentally safe, processing technology characteristic of simple.
The specific embodiment
By following examples, the present invention is described in further detail.Rerum natura among the embodiment is measured by following method.
[intensity of natural fabric, elongation at break]
Adopt the bundle strength method of testing: with the natural fabric boundling of 7.5cm length, obtain the bundle fiber that weight is 450mg.Bundle fiber is stretched on cupping machine, test its ultimate strength, and then be converted to fracture strength.Stretching distance is 100mm, and the anchor clamps translational speed is the 100mm/ branch.
[intensity of acid fiber by polylactic]
Measure according to JIS L1015 8.7.1 method.
[fracture strength of nonwoven fabric, elongation at break]
Measure according to JIS K 6404 methods.
[three-point bending strength of sheet material]
According to JIS K 7171 methods, sample size: 50mm * 150mm, anchor clamps translational speed: 50mm/min, length of support from: 100mm tests.
Embodiment 1
Be that 1.6CN/dtex, length be the 5.8cm acid fiber by polylactic with intensity are that the kenaf that 3.2CN/dtex, elongation at break are 6.5%, length is 7.5cm is that 30:70 mixes with the weight ratio with intensity, the fiber that mixes is dropped into shredding mixing in the opener, send into hopper then; The fiber that the shredding that stores in the hopper was mixed is delivered to the acupuncture carding machine and carries out combing; Fiber after the combing is sent into cross lapping in the lapping machine; Carry out acupuncture in the needing machine and become felt sending into behind the net folding of completing, the acupuncture processing mode adopts four road reinforcing modes up and down, and the pin model of four road reinforcing modes is respectively 36#, 38#, 40#, 42#, and needling density is respectively 30/cm
2, 40 pieces/cm
2, 50 pieces/cm
2, 50 pieces/cm
2Make the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid composite felt, it is the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid nonwoven fabric, then with the composite felt that makes heating-up temperature be 180 ℃, heat time heating time be soften under 12 minutes handle after, be that 170 ℃, time are to carry out hot-formingly under 1 minute in temperature again, make automobile sheet material of the present invention at last.Each rerum natura of above-mentioned nonwoven fabric and automobile sheet material sees table 1.
Embodiment 2
Be that 1.8CN/dtex, length be the 7.6cm acid fiber by polylactic with intensity are that 3.1CN/dtex, elongation at break 5.9%, length are that the apocynum fibre of 7.5cm is that 50:50 mixes with the weight ratio with intensity, the fiber that mixes is dropped into shredding mixing in the opener, send into hopper then; The fiber that the shredding that stores in the hopper was mixed is delivered to the acupuncture carding machine and carries out combing; Fiber after the combing is sent into cross lapping in the lapping machine; Carry out acupuncture in the needing machine and become felt sending into behind the net folding of completing, the acupuncture processing mode adopts four road reinforcing modes up and down, and the pin model of four road reinforcing modes is respectively 32#, 36#, 38#, 40#, and needling density is respectively 30/cm
2, 30 pieces/cm
2, 50 pieces/cm
2, 50 pieces/cm
2Make the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid composite felt, it is the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid nonwoven fabric, then with the composite felt that makes heating-up temperature be 200 ℃, heat time heating time be soften under 10 minutes handle after, be that 190 ℃, time are to carry out hot-formingly under 1 minute in temperature again, make automobile sheet material of the present invention at last.Each rerum natura of above-mentioned nonwoven fabric and automobile sheet material sees table 1.
Embodiment 3
Be that 2.4CN/dtex, length be the 6.5cm acid fiber by polylactic with intensity are that the abaca fibre that 3.3CN/dtex, elongation at break are 6.0%, length is 8cm is that 60:40 mixes with the weight ratio with intensity, the fiber that mixes is dropped into shredding mixing in the opener, send into hopper then; The fiber that the shredding that stores in the hopper was mixed is delivered to the acupuncture carding machine and carries out combing; Fiber after the combing is sent into cross lapping in the lapping machine; Carry out pre-needling in the needing machine and become felt sending into behind the net folding of completing, the acupuncture processing mode adopts four road reinforcing modes up and down, and the pin model of four road reinforcing modes is respectively 38#, 40#, 42#, 44#, and needling density is respectively 40/cm
2, 50 pieces/cm
2, 60 pieces/cm
2, 70 pieces/cm
2Make the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid composite felt, it is the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid nonwoven fabric, then with the composite felt that makes heating-up temperature be 210 ℃, heat time heating time be soften under 10 minutes handle after, be to carry out hot-formingly under 1 minute in 170 ℃ of temperature, time again, make automobile sheet material of the present invention at last.Each rerum natura of above-mentioned nonwoven fabric and automobile sheet material sees table 1.
Embodiment 4
Be that 2.0CN/dtex, length be the 6.0cm acid fiber by polylactic with intensity are that 3.2CN/dtex, elongation at break are 5.4%, length is that the kenaf of 8cm and the mixture of pineapple fibre fiber are that 70:30 mixes with the weight ratio with intensity, the fiber that mixes is dropped into shredding mixing in the opener, send into hopper then; The fiber that the shredding that stores in the hopper was mixed is delivered to the acupuncture carding machine and carries out combing; Fiber after the combing is sent into cross lapping in the lapping machine; Carry out acupuncture in the needing machine and become felt sending into behind the net folding of completing, the acupuncture processing mode adopts four road reinforcing modes up and down, and the pin model of four road reinforcing modes is respectively 34#, 38#, 40#, 42#, and needling density is respectively 50/cm
2, 50 pieces/cm
2, 60 pieces/cm
2, 60 pieces/cm
2Make the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid composite felt, it is the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid nonwoven fabric, then with the composite felt that makes heating-up temperature be 190 ℃, heat time heating time be soften under 11 minutes handle after, be that 170 ℃, time are to carry out hot-formingly under 1 minute in temperature again, make automobile sheet material of the present invention at last.Each rerum natura of above-mentioned nonwoven fabric and automobile sheet material sees table 1.
Comparative example 1
Be that 1.2CN/dtex, length be the 5.8cm acid fiber by polylactic with intensity are that the kenaf that 2.2CN/dtex, elongation at break are 12.3%, length is 7.5cm is that 30:70 mixes with the weight ratio with intensity, the fiber that mixes is dropped into shredding mixing in the opener, send into hopper then; The fiber that the shredding that stores in the hopper was mixed is delivered to the acupuncture carding machine and carries out combing; Fiber after the combing is sent into cross lapping in the lapping machine; Carry out acupuncture in the needing machine and become felt sending into behind the net folding of completing, the acupuncture processing mode adopts four road reinforcing modes up and down, and the pin model of four road reinforcing modes is respectively 36#, 38#, 40#, 42#, and needling density is respectively 30/cm
2, 40 pieces/cm
2, 50 pieces/cm
2, 50 pieces/cm
2Make the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid composite felt, it is the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid nonwoven fabric, then with the composite felt that makes heating-up temperature be 180 ℃, heat time heating time be soften under 12 minutes handle after, be that 170 ℃, time are to carry out hot-formingly under 1 minute in temperature again, make finished product at last.Each rerum natura of above-mentioned nonwoven fabric and finished product sees table 1.
Comparative example 2
Be that 1.1CN/dtex, length be the 7.6cm acid fiber by polylactic with intensity are that the apocynum fibre that 2.1CN/dtex, elongation at break are 9.0%, length is 7.5cm is that 50:50 mixes with the weight ratio with intensity, the fiber that mixes is dropped into shredding mixing in the opener, send into hopper then; The fiber that the shredding that stores in the hopper was mixed is delivered to the acupuncture carding machine and carries out combing; Fiber after the combing is sent into cross lapping in the lapping machine; Carry out acupuncture in the needing machine and become felt sending into behind the net folding of completing, the acupuncture processing mode adopts four road reinforcing modes up and down, and the pin model of four road reinforcing modes is respectively 32#, 36#, 38#, 40#, and needling density is respectively 20/cm
2, 30 pieces/cm
2, 40 pieces/cm
2, 50 pieces/cm
2Make the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid composite felt, it is the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid nonwoven fabric, then with the composite felt that makes heating-up temperature be 200 ℃, heat time heating time be soften under 10 minutes handle after, be to carry out hot-formingly under 1 minute in 190 ℃ of temperature, time again, make finished product at last.Each rerum natura of above-mentioned nonwoven fabric and finished product sees table 1.
Comparative example 3
Be that 2.4CN/dtex, length be the 6.5cm acid fiber by polylactic with intensity are that the abaca fibre that 3.3CN/dtex, elongation at break are 15.6%, length is 8cm is that 60:40 mixes with the weight ratio with intensity, the fiber that mixes is dropped into shredding mixing in the opener, send into hopper then; The fiber that the shredding that stores in the hopper was mixed is delivered to the acupuncture carding machine and carries out combing; Fiber after the combing is sent into cross lapping in the lapping machine; Carry out acupuncture in the needing machine and become felt sending into behind the net folding of completing, the acupuncture processing mode adopts four road reinforcing modes up and down, and the pin model of four road reinforcing modes is respectively 23#, 27#, 32#, 44#, and needling density is respectively 50/cm
2, 60 pieces/cm
2, 70 pieces/cm
2, 80 pieces/cm
2Make the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid composite felt, it is the natural fibre reinforced polylactic acid nonwoven fabric, then with the composite felt that makes heating-up temperature be 210 ℃, heat time heating time be soften under 10 minutes handle after, be that 170 ℃, time are to carry out hot-formingly under 1 minute in temperature again, make finished product at last.Each rerum natura of above-mentioned nonwoven fabric and finished product sees table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, automobile sheet material three-point bending strength of the present invention is not only relevant with the intensity of acid fiber by polylactic, natural fabric, also relevant with pin model, needling density in the acupuncture course, thus the three-point bending strength of this sheet material can reach 0.04N/50mm/g/m
2More than.
Claims (9)
1. automobile sheet material is characterized in that: this sheet material is to be that acid fiber by polylactic and intensity more than the 1.4CN/dtex is that natural fabric more than the 3.0CN/dtex mixes the nonwoven fabric that processes by intensity, and the three-point bending strength of this sheet material is 0.04N/50mm/g/m
2More than.
2. automobile sheet material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this sheet material is to be that acid fiber by polylactic and the intensity of 1.4~2.4CN/dtex is that the natural fabric of 3.0~4.0CN/dtex mixes the nonwoven fabric that processes by intensity.
3. automobile sheet material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the elongation at break of described natural fabric is below 8.0%.
4. automobile sheet material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the content of described acid fiber by polylactic is that the content of 30~70 weight %, described natural fabric is 70~30 weight %.
5. automobile sheet material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described natural fabric is one or more in kenaf, abutilon fibre, apocynum fibre, abaca fibre, the pineapple fibre fiber.
6. automobile sheet material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fracture strength of described nonwoven fabric is 0.3N/50mm/g/m
2More than, elongation at break is below 40%.
7. the production method of an automobile sheet material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: intensity is that acid fiber by polylactic and intensity more than the 1.4CN/dtex is that natural fabric more than the 3.0CN/dtex mixes, shredding, combing, cross lapping, is 150~250/cm at total needling density
2Following acupuncture becomes felt, and is then that the softening back of handling of felt is hot-forming, makes finished product at last.
8. the production method of automobile sheet material according to claim 7 is characterized in that: be that 180~220 ℃, heat time heating time are to soften processing under 10~14 minutes in heating-up temperature.
9. the production method of automobile sheet material according to claim 7 is characterized in that: be that 150~190 ℃, time are to carry out hot-forming processing under 1 minute in temperature.
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CN 201210035527 CN103255580A (en) | 2012-02-17 | 2012-02-17 | Automotive plate and production method thereof |
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CN 201210035527 CN103255580A (en) | 2012-02-17 | 2012-02-17 | Automotive plate and production method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105754145A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-13 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation method of degradable composite materials for cars |
CN112195561A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-08 | 惠州市杰佰净化有限公司 | Degradable non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-02-17 CN CN 201210035527 patent/CN103255580A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105754145A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-13 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation method of degradable composite materials for cars |
CN112195561A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-08 | 惠州市杰佰净化有限公司 | Degradable non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof |
CN112195561B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2024-04-09 | 惠州市杰佰净化有限公司 | Degradable non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130821 |