CN103255451A - Preparation method of thick high-speed nickel coating by brush plating - Google Patents
Preparation method of thick high-speed nickel coating by brush plating Download PDFInfo
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- CN103255451A CN103255451A CN201310113504XA CN201310113504A CN103255451A CN 103255451 A CN103255451 A CN 103255451A CN 201310113504X A CN201310113504X A CN 201310113504XA CN 201310113504 A CN201310113504 A CN 201310113504A CN 103255451 A CN103255451 A CN 103255451A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a thick high-speed nickel coating by brush plating. The method includes: first, weighing pure nickel and pure copper according to a weight ratio, conducting heating smelting in a vacuum arc furnace to obtain an Ni-Cu alloy, and making it into different shapes according to a profile imitation principle; and second, according to a brush plating process of high-speed nickel, carrying out electric purification, activation, plating of a special nickel or alkaline copper base layer, and plating of a high-speed nickel working layer. Specifically, the steps of electric purification, activation, and plating of a special nickel or alkaline copper base layer adopt an insoluble graphite anode, and the plating of the high-speed nickel coating employs a soluble Ni-Cu alloy anode. According to the invention, trace amounts (or bits) of Cu with good plasticity is dissolved in the high-speed nickel coating, so that the tensile stress formed by a single Ni coating is effectively eased, and the high-speed nickel coating can be plated to thickness of over 0.30mm at one time. Meanwhile, the trace amounts (or bits) of Cu has little influence on the original hardness and wear resistance of the high-speed nickel coating. Dissolution of the soluble Ni-Cu alloy anode can supplement Ni consumed in a plating solution so as to enhance the plating speed.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to metal material surface coating technology field, be specifically related to the preparation method that a kind of brush plates quick nickel thickness coating.
Background technology:
Quick nickel bath is most widely used plating bath in the technique of brush plating, be characterized in that sedimentation velocity is fast, but adopt insoluble high-precision fine graphite anode deposit thickness 0.40-0.50 millimeter per hour under high normality condition, bonding force is preferably all arranged on iron, aluminium, copper and stainless steel, and have good wear resistance, be mainly used to recover accessory size and use as wearing layer.But the fatal shortcoming of nickel coating is when thickness surpasses certain value fast, because internal stress is excessive, tangible crackle can appear in coating.X-ray diffractometer shows the measurement result of quick nickel coating internal stress, when thickness of coating during less than 0.015 millimeter, and the effect of coating compression chord; Thickness of coating increases with thickness of coating between the 0.05-0.20 millimeter time, and tensile stress increases gradually; After 0.20 millimeter, tangible crackle appears in coating, and further increases with thickness of coating, and crackle rate and crackle width increase sharply, particularly be easy to cause the coating peeling during plating in the plane and peel off, seriously restricted quick nickel coating in the application of repairing on the big part of dimension discrepancy.
In order to address this problem, namely realize the quick nickel thickness coating of brush coating, people attempt temperature by promoting plating bath in advance to change the character of coating internal stress, but find the carrying out along with plating, the plating bath temperature rise is too fast and cause that plating bath evaporation is serious, and coating is coarse, empty plating phenomenon highly significant; There is employing before thickness of coating reaches critical size, to carry out " sandwich of layers " plating in addition, be other coating of the very thin stress character of plating one deck, but owing to the sudden change that occurs in the coating between tensile stress and the stress, the inter-laminar stress difference is bigger, and the coating stress effect is limited for alleviating.Update search is the result show, do not have the brush of solution to plate the effective ways of quick this problem of nickel thickness coating at present as yet.
Summary of the invention:
In sum, the objective of the invention is to plate the problem that there is crackle in quick nickel thickness coating and peels off at brush, and provide a kind of brush to plate the preparation method of quick nickel thickness coating, specifically, be not change on original quick nickel bath composition basis, the Ni-Cu alloy of design certain ingredients scope substitutes and utilized insoluble graphite anode to carry out the processing method that brush plates quick nickel coating originally as anode material.Adopt this solubility Ni-Cu alloy as the quick nickel of anode material plating, it is advantageous that the Cu that in quick nickel coating, dissolves in little (lacking) amount, because Cu has good plasticity, can effectively alleviate the tensile stress that single Ni coating forms, make the quick nickel coating can disposable plating thick at least 0.30 millimeter.The Cu of little (lacking) amount is very little to the original hardness of quick nickel coating and wear resistance influence simultaneously; The dissolving of solubility Ni-Cu alloy anode also can replenish the consumption of Ni in the plating bath, and plating rate is further promoted.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
Brush plates the preparation method of quick nickel thickness coating, may further comprise the steps:
The first step, take by weighing pure nickel and fine copper, pure nickel, fine copper are by weight percentage: Ni 85-98%, Cu 2-15%;
Second step, pure nickel and fine copper place and heat melting in the vacuum arc fumace, and be even for guaranteeing the Ni-Cu alloying constituent, melt back 3-4 time;
The 3rd step, imitate type design according to plating workpiece antianode shape, soon the Ni-Cu alloy solution pours into different shapes or cylindrical or crescent is plate or square stripe shape;
The 4th step, plate quick nickel technical process according to brush: liquid honing → polishing → dehydrated alcohol cleans → and electricity is clean → activation → plate special nickel or the alkali copper prime coat → quick nickel working lining of plating plating, wash with tap water between the per pass operation; Wherein only electric-special nickel of activation-plating or alkali copper prime coat still use insoluble graphite anode, fast nickel coating plating employing Ni-Cu alloy anode.
Described step (1) pure nickel, fine copper refer to, carry out pure nickel nickel content 〉=99.9% that melting is used, fine copper copper content 〉=99.9%.Being lower than this content may cause too much impurity element participation deposition that coating is caused disadvantageous effect.
Described step (2) vacuum arc fumace is to reach 10 in vacuum tightness
0-10
-1Smelt in the electric arc furnace under the Pa condition.In case in the smelting process in the vacuum oven remaining oxygen with Cu oxidizing reaction takes place, the composition of change Ni-Cu alloy anode.
The technical process of described step (4), only electric-special nickel of activation-plating or alkali copper prime coat still use insoluble graphite anode to refer to, if use soluble anode, owing to just connect, the dissolving of Ni-Cu alloy anode may cause the clean liquid of electricity to pollute or in workpiece surface generation depositional phenomenon when electricity was clean; Because reversal connection, can be deposited on Ni-Cu alloy anode surface after the dissolving of workpiece surface oxide film and influence the composition of anode during activation; Owing to just connect, the dissolving of Ni-Cu alloy anode can participate in deposition when plating special nickel or alkali copper prime coat, and influences the bonding properties of special nickel or alkali copper prime coat and base material excellence, and the nickel coating plating adopts the Ni-Cu alloy anode fast.
Positively effect of the present invention is:
1, quick nickel thickness coating plating of the present invention is owing to adopt solubility Ni-Cu alloy anode, in quick nickel coating, dissolve in the Cu of little (lacking) amount, because Cu has good plasticity, can effectively alleviate the tensile stress that single Ni coating forms, make quick nickel coating can disposable plating thick in more than 0.30 millimeter, be not subjected to the disposable plated thickness of insoluble graphite anode can not solve the problem that quick nickel thickness coating tiny crack easily takes place so that comes off greater than 0.20 millimeter restriction.
2, the dissolving of solubility Ni-Cu alloy anode of the present invention can to a certain degree replenish the consumption of Ni in the plating bath, and the speed of Ni ion scarcity is further promoted plating rate in the plating bath that is conducive to slow down.
3, to compare electroconductibility with insoluble graphite anode more excellent for solubility Ni-Cu alloy anode of the present invention, and the anode heating temp decreases, and has slowed down plating bath temperature rise and moisture evaporation speed.
Embodiment:
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
40Cr steel transmission shafts neck position coordinating size is φ 50
± 0.02Mm, length is 100mm, because processing error, finished size is 49.40mm, need be at the quick nickel coating of its surface electrical brush plating, the thick 0.35mm of monolateral plating.
The preparation method of embodiment 1 is:
The first step, take by weighing pure nickel, fine copper by weight, the weight percent of pure nickel, fine copper is: Ni 95%, Cu 5%;
Second goes on foot, Ni 95%, Cu 5% is placed heat melting in the vacuum arc fumace, even for guaranteeing the Ni-Cu alloying constituent, melt back 3-4 time;
The 3rd step, the Ni-Cu alloy solution is poured into crescent or the planar anode that arc diameter is φ 50-60mm, parcel absorbent cotton and terylene jacket is stand-by;
The 4th the step, workpiece is carried out plating, plate quick nickel technical process according to brush: liquid honing → polishing → dehydrated alcohol cleaning → only electric → → No. 3 activation solutions of No. 2 activation solutions activation activate → plate special nickel prime coat → quick nickel working lining of plating, wash with tap water between the per pass operation; Wherein only electric-special nickel prime coat of activation-plating uses insoluble graphite anode, carries out pre-treatment and prime coat plating according to the common process parameter.
The nickel coating plating adopts the Ni-Cu alloy anode fast, and processing parameter is: voltage 15V, and anode and workpiece speed of relative movement 0.18m/s, the disposable axle journal spot size that is plating to reaches φ 50
+ 0.10Mm～φ 50
+ 0.15Mm polishes or finish grindes to requiring tolerance dimension with sand papering.
Embodiment 2:
45 steel shaft end endoporus tolerance dimensions are φ 100
± 0.02Mm, length is 80mm, because abrasion size is 100.80mm, need be at the quick nickel coating of its surface electrical brush plating, the thick 0.45mm of monolateral plating.
The preparation method of embodiment 2 is:
The first step, take by weighing pure nickel, fine copper by weight, the weight percent of pure nickel, fine copper is: Ni 90%, Cu 10%.
Second goes on foot, Ni 90%, Cu 10% is placed heat melting in the vacuum arc fumace, even for guaranteeing the Ni-Cu alloying constituent, melt back 3-4 time;
The 3rd step, the Ni-Cu alloy solution is poured into φ 25 cylinder shape anodes, parcel absorbent cotton and terylene jacket is stand-by;
The 4th the step, workpiece is carried out plating, plate quick nickel technical process according to brush: liquid honing → polishing → dehydrated alcohol cleaning → only electric → → No. 3 activation solutions of No. 2 activation solutions activation activate → plate special nickel prime coat → quick nickel working lining of plating, wash with tap water between the per pass operation; Wherein only electric-special nickel prime coat of activation-plating uses insoluble graphite anode, carries out pre-treatment and prime coat plating according to the common process parameter;
The nickel coating plating adopts the Ni-Cu alloy anode fast, and processing parameter is: voltage 12-14V, and anode and workpiece speed of relative movement 0.25m/s, the disposable size that is plating to reaches φ 99.80-99.90mm, and correct grinding is to requiring tolerance dimension.
Embodiment 3:
Need plate thick 0.30mm in the quick nickel coating reparation of its surface electrical brush plating behind the graphitic cast iron surface abrasion.
The preparation method of embodiment 3 is:
The first step, take by weighing pure nickel, fine copper by weight, the weight percent of pure nickel, fine copper is: Ni 85%, Cu 15%;
Second goes on foot, Ni 85%, Cu 15% is placed heat melting in the vacuum arc fumace, even for guaranteeing the Ni-Cu alloying constituent, melt back 3-4 time;
The 3rd step, the Ni-Cu alloy solution is poured into the cylindrical or planar anode of diameter phi 30mm, parcel absorbent cotton and terylene jacket is stand-by;
The 4th the step, workpiece is carried out plating, plate quick nickel technical process according to brush: liquid honing → polishing → dehydrated alcohol cleaning → only electric → → No. 3 activation solutions of No. 2 activation solutions activation activate → plate the quick nickel working lining of alkali copper prime coat → plating, wash with tap water between the per pass operation, wherein only electric-special nickel prime coat of activation-plating uses insoluble graphite anode, carries out pre-treatment and prime coat plating according to the common process parameter.
The nickel coating plating adopts the Ni-Cu alloy anode fast, and processing parameter is: voltage 12V, and anode and workpiece speed of relative movement 0.20-0.30m/s, the thick 0.35mm of disposable plating polishes or finish grindes to requiring size with sand papering.
Claims (4)
1. preparation method that brush plates quick nickel thickness coating, it is characterized in that: this method may further comprise the steps:
The first step, take by weighing pure nickel and fine copper, pure nickel, fine copper are by weight percentage: Ni 85-98%, Cu 2-15%;
Second step, pure nickel and fine copper place and heat melting in the vacuum arc fumace, and be even for guaranteeing the Ni-Cu alloying constituent, melt back 3-4 time;
The 3rd step, imitate type design according to plating workpiece antianode shape, soon the Ni-Cu alloy solution pours into different shapes or cylindrical or crescent is plate or square stripe shape;
The 4th step, plate quick nickel technical process according to brush: liquid honing → polishing → dehydrated alcohol cleans → and electricity is clean → activation → plate special nickel or the alkali copper prime coat → quick nickel working lining of plating plating, wash with tap water between the per pass operation; Wherein only electric-special nickel of activation-plating or alkali copper prime coat still use insoluble graphite anode, fast nickel coating plating employing Ni-Cu alloy anode.
2. brush according to claim 1 plates the preparation method of quick nickel thickness coating, it is characterized in that: described step (1) pure nickel, fine copper refer to, carry out pure nickel nickel content 〉=99.9% that melting is used, fine copper copper content 〉=99.9%.
3. brush according to claim 1 plates the preparation method of quick nickel thickness coating, it is characterized in that: described step (2) vacuum arc fumace is to reach 10 in vacuum tightness
0-10
-1Smelt in the electric arc furnace under the Pa condition.
4. brush according to claim 1 plates the preparation method of quick nickel thickness coating, it is characterized in that: the technical process of described step (4), only electric-special nickel of activation-plating or alkali copper prime coat still use insoluble graphite anode to refer to, if use soluble anode, owing to just connect, the dissolving of Ni-Cu alloy anode may cause the clean liquid of electricity to pollute or in workpiece surface generation depositional phenomenon when electricity was clean; Because reversal connection, can be deposited on Ni-Cu alloy anode surface after the dissolving of workpiece surface oxide film and influence the composition of anode during activation; Owing to just connect, the dissolving of Ni-Cu alloy anode can participate in deposition when plating special nickel or alkali copper prime coat, and influences the bonding properties of special nickel or alkali copper prime coat and base material excellence, and the nickel coating plating adopts the Ni-Cu alloy anode fast.
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| CN201310113504.XA CN103255451B (en) | 2013-04-03 | 2013-04-03 | Preparation method of thick high-speed nickel coating by brush plating |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310113504.XA CN103255451B (en) | 2013-04-03 | 2013-04-03 | Preparation method of thick high-speed nickel coating by brush plating |
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| CN103255451A true CN103255451A (en) | 2013-08-21 |
| CN103255451B CN103255451B (en) | 2015-07-22 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104651890A (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2015-05-27 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Preparation method of low-cost high-corrosion-resistance Monel metal coating |
| CN108060441A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-22 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | The preparation method of copper annular element inner wall nickel cobalt coating |
| CN108118373A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-05 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | The electro-deposition restorative procedure of crystallizer copper dash-board injury nickel cobalt coating |
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| CN1061810A (en) * | 1991-10-19 | 1992-06-10 | 江汉石油管理局运输公司大修厂 | High-deposition nickel brush-plating solution |
| CN101122038A (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2008-02-13 | 福州大学 | Electro chemical machining nano Ni-Fe alloy coat and its electroplate liquid, preparation method and use |
| WO2009118412A2 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | Tenaris Connections Ag | Method for electrochemical plating and marking of metals |
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2013
- 2013-04-03 CN CN201310113504.XA patent/CN103255451B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
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| CN1061810A (en) * | 1991-10-19 | 1992-06-10 | 江汉石油管理局运输公司大修厂 | High-deposition nickel brush-plating solution |
| CN101122038A (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2008-02-13 | 福州大学 | Electro chemical machining nano Ni-Fe alloy coat and its electroplate liquid, preparation method and use |
| WO2009118412A2 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | Tenaris Connections Ag | Method for electrochemical plating and marking of metals |
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| UMUT SARAC ET AL.: "Morphological and microstructural properties of two一phase Ni一Cu films electrodeposited at different electrolyte temperatures", 《JOURNAL OF ALLOY AND COMPOUNDS》, vol. 552, 24 December 2012 (2012-12-24), pages 195 - 201 * |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104651890A (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2015-05-27 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Preparation method of low-cost high-corrosion-resistance Monel metal coating |
| CN108060441A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-22 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | The preparation method of copper annular element inner wall nickel cobalt coating |
| CN108118373A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-05 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | The electro-deposition restorative procedure of crystallizer copper dash-board injury nickel cobalt coating |
| CN108118373B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-12-03 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | The electro-deposition restorative procedure of crystallizer copper dash-board injury nickel cobalt coating |
| CN108060441B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-12-03 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | The preparation method of copper annular element inner wall nickel cobalt coating |
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