CN103253888B - 粉状浮石发泡剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种粉状浮石发泡剂，其技术方案的要点是，粉状浮石发泡剂由浮石、高粘凹凸棒石粘土粉、十二烷基硫酸钠、过碳酸钠、聚丙烯酸钠、焦磷酸钠和聚萘甲醛磺酸钠盐组成。将粉状浮石发泡剂配料进行搅拌、磨粉和包装为粉状浮石发泡剂的成品。粉状浮石发泡剂具有发泡能力强、发泡倍数高、单位体积产泡量大、泡沫外膜韧性好不易破碎，泡沫稳定性好、可长时间不消泡、泡沫细腻、在介质内生成的孔洞大小均匀、泌水量低和使用介质的相容性好等优点。使用粉状浮石发泡剂生产的产品，不但能有效的控制噪声污染，还有保温和净化空气的功能；粉状浮石发泡剂适用于生产轻质板材、轻质墙体和消音降噪产品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及发泡剂，具体涉及一种粉状浮石发泡剂。
背景技术
城市噪声严重影响着城市居民的正常生活和人身健康，城市噪声主要是指交通噪声、工厂噪声、建筑施工噪声和社会生活噪声，其噪声的影响范围和影响程度日益严重，对市民的生活环境影响极大，成为引人注目的城市环境污染问题之一。
控制噪声通常采取阻尼、隔声、吸声、消声器、个人防护和建筑布局等措施，尽量减弱或降低声源的振动，将传播中的声能吸收掉，设置障碍使声音全部或部分反射出去，减弱噪声的作用，以达到控制噪声的目的。
通常采用消音材料生产一些消音板、隔音墻、吸音网和消音器等产品来控制噪声污染，也有一些材料是通过发泡处理后，以提高上述产品的性能。
发泡剂的种类较多，为控制噪声污染做出了较大的贡献，但是上述产品只能用于控制噪声污染，并没有净化空气的功能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中不足之处，提供一种粉状浮石发泡剂。
粉状浮石发泡剂由浮石、高粘凹凸棒石粘土粉、十二烷基硫酸钠、过碳酸钠、聚丙烯酸钠、焦磷酸钠和聚萘甲醛磺酸钠盐组成。
粉状浮石发泡剂的生产方法：将粉状浮石发泡剂配料输入搅拌机中进行搅拌，搅拌均匀后输入磨机中进行磨粉，包装为粉状浮石发泡剂的成品。
浮石又称轻石或浮岩，是一种多孔轻质的玻璃质酸性火山喷出岩，浮石表面粗糙，因孔隙多质量轻，能浮于水面而得名。它的特点是质量轻、强度高、耐酸碱、耐腐蚀，且无污染、无放射性等，是理想的天然、绿色和环保的产品。
凹凸棒石又名坡缕石或坡缕缟石，是一种层链状结构的含水富镁铝硅酸盐粘土矿物，凹凸棒石具有独特的层链状结构特征，在其结构中存在晶格置换，故晶体中含有不定量的Na+、Ca2+、Fe3+、Al3+，晶体呈针状，纤维状或纤维集合状。凹凸棒石具有独特的分散、耐高温、抗盐碱等良好的胶体性质和较高的吸附能力，并具有一定的可塑性及粘结力。
所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土是采用提高凹凸棒石粘土粘度的加工工艺生产的凹凸棒石粘土，凹凸棒石粘土土质细腻，有油脂滑感，质轻、性脆，断口呈贝壳状或参差状，吸水性强，湿时具粘性和可塑性，其粘度可达到3000mPa·s以上，有利于原料之间的粘结。
高粘凹凸棒石粘土粉是指取28.0g凹凸棒石粘土粉试样，加入高速搅拌机的悬浮液杯中，再加入372g水，将悬浮液杯置于高速搅拌机上，在11000转/分钟的转速下搅拌20分钟，再将经过高速搅拌试样悬浮液倒入250ml的烧杯中，使用NDJ-1型旋转粘度计进行测试其悬浮液的粘度，测试粘度值≥2200 mPa·s的凹凸棒石粘土粉，本发明选用的高粘凹凸棒石粘土粉颗粒细度≤0.074毫米。
十二烷基硫酸钠为白色或淡黄色粉状，溶于水，对碱和硬水不敏感，具有去污、乳化和优异的发泡力，是一种无毒的阴离子表面活性剂；粉状浮石发泡剂和水混合时，十二烷基硫酸钠与过碳酸钠共同生成大量的气泡。
过碳酸钠是一种无机盐，呈白色颗粒状粉末，过碳酸钠与水接触后会迅速分解，释放出大量的氧气。
聚丙烯酸钠是一种新型功能高分子材料，为白色或浅黄色粉末，溶解于冷水，对温度变化稳定，是一种具有多种特殊性能的表面活性剂，在本发明中有利于提高粉状浮石发泡剂的增稠、发泡、稳定、乳化、分散、粘合、成膜和保水的效果。
焦磷酸钠是一种无色透明结晶或白色结晶粉末，易溶于水，在本发明中用作分散剂和乳化剂。
聚萘甲醛磺酸钠盐为棕色或深棕色粉末，易溶于水，耐酸，耐碱，耐硬水，具有良好的扩散性；当粉状浮石发泡剂和水混合时生成大量的气泡，焦磷酸钠与聚萘甲醛磺酸钠盐有利于生成的气泡分布比较均匀。
本发明通过下述技术方案予以实现：
1、粉状浮石发泡剂配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：浮石25～75％、高粘凹凸棒石粘土粉5～15％、十二烷基硫酸钠1～35％、过碳酸钠1～25％、聚丙烯酸钠0.01～5％、焦磷酸钠0.01～5％和聚萘甲醛磺酸钠盐0.01～5％。
所述粉状浮石发泡剂的生产方法：将粉状浮石发泡剂配料输入搅拌机中进行搅拌，搅拌均匀后输入磨机中进行磨粉，颗粒细度≤0.074毫米，包装为粉状浮石发泡剂的成品。
所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土是采用提高凹凸棒石粘土粘度的加工工艺生产的凹凸棒石粘土，其特征在于,从矿区开采的凹凸棒石粘土，需要经过30～120天的自然风化；改性处理方法是：以重量百分比计算，取自然风化后的凹凸棒石粘土94～98％，均匀加入2～6％碳酸钠，共同输入浸泡池中，加入清水进行浸泡陈化，浸泡时间为72～120小时；取浸泡后的凹凸棒石粘土，输入搅拌机中进行搅拌，并将搅拌后的凹凸棒石粘土，经挤压机挤成薄片，其厚度控制在0.5～2毫米，将凹凸棒石粘土薄片，进行晾晒，晾晒后的凹凸棒石粘土薄片，其含水量≤15％；配料以重量百分比计算：晾晒后的凹凸棒石粘土94～98％、高吸水树脂0.5～5％和纤维素0.5～3％，将上述配料进行搅拌，搅拌均匀后输入磨机中进行磨粉，颗粒细度≤0.074毫米。
上述生产工艺是采用由本发明人于2005年6月20日申请的“提高凹凸棒石粘土粘度的加工工艺”，中国专利授权公告号为：CN 1317067C，授权公告日：2007年5月23日。
所述含水量为重量百分比。
将粉状浮石发泡剂加入介质内，经过搅拌均匀后与水混合，能够降低液体表面张力并释放出大量的气体，在介质内产生大量均匀而稳定的泡沫，用于浇注多种泡沫材料，浇注过程中不会出现分层，脱模时间较短，气体含有一定量的氧气，有利于保护施工现场的空气环境。
粉状浮石发泡剂适用的介质有各种水泥、粉煤灰和非金属矿组合物等物料。
单纯使用十二烷基硫酸钠时，生成泡沫较快，但破裂消失的也快，造成泡沫的稳定性较差，本发明中浮石和其它的配料与十二烷基硫酸钠配伍后组成了一种复合型发泡剂，具有发泡能力强、发泡倍数高、单位体积产泡量大、泡沫外膜韧性好不易破碎，泡沫稳定性好、可长时间不消泡、泡沫细腻、在介质内生成的孔洞大小均匀、泌水量低和使用介质的相容性好等优点。
使用粉状浮石发泡剂生产的产品，不但能有效的控制噪声污染，还有保温和净化空气的功能；这些产品用于高速公路、高架桥、城市轻轨、地铁、工厂、仓库、公共场所等设施中。
粉状浮石发泡剂适用于生产轻质板材、轻质墙体和消音降噪产品。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述：
1、粉状浮石发泡剂配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：浮石50％、高粘凹凸棒石粘土粉8％、十二烷基硫酸钠28％、过碳酸钠12.3％、聚丙烯酸钠0.8％、焦磷酸钠0.5％和聚萘甲醛磺酸钠盐0.4％。
所述粉状浮石发泡剂的生产方法：将粉状浮石发泡剂配料输入搅拌机中进行搅拌，搅拌均匀后输入磨机中进行磨粉，颗粒细度≤0.044毫米，包装为粉状浮石发泡剂的成品。
Claims (1)
1.一种粉状浮石发泡剂，其特征在于，粉状浮石发泡剂配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：浮石25～75％、高粘凹凸棒石粘土粉5～15％、十二烷基硫酸钠1～35％、过碳酸钠1～25％、聚丙烯酸钠0.01～5％、焦磷酸钠0.01～5％和聚萘甲醛磺酸钠盐0.01～5％；
所述粉状浮石发泡剂的生产方法：将粉状浮石发泡剂配料输入搅拌机中进行搅拌，搅拌均匀后输入磨机中进行磨粉，颗粒细度≤0.074毫米，包装为粉状浮石发泡剂的成品；
所述高粘凹凸棒石粘土是采用提高凹凸棒石粘土粘度的加工工艺生产的凹凸棒石粘土，其特征在于，从矿区开采的凹凸棒石粘土，需要经过30～120天的自然风化；改性处理方法是：以重量百分比计算，取自然风化后的凹凸棒石粘土94～98％，均匀加入2～6％碳酸钠，共同输入浸泡池中，加入清水进行浸泡陈化，浸泡时间为72～120小时；取浸泡后的凹凸棒石粘土，输入搅拌机中进行搅拌，并将搅拌后的凹凸棒石粘土，经挤压机挤成薄片，其厚度控制在0.5～2毫米，将凹凸棒石粘土薄片，进行晾晒，晾晒后的凹凸棒石粘土薄片，其含水量≤15％；配料以重量百分比计算：晾晒后的凹凸棒石粘土94～98％、高吸水树脂0.5～5％和纤维素0.5～3％，将上述配料进行搅拌，搅拌均匀后输入磨机中进行磨粉，颗粒细度≤0.074毫米；
高粘凹凸棒石粘土粉是指取28.0g凹凸棒石粘土粉试样，加入高速搅拌机的悬浮液杯中，再加入372g水，将悬浮液杯置于高速搅拌机上，在11000转/分钟的转速下搅拌20分钟，再将经过高速搅拌试样悬浮液倒入250ml的烧杯中，使用NDJ-1型旋转粘度计进行测试其悬浮液的粘度，测试粘度值≥2200 mPa·s的凹凸棒石粘土粉。
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