CN103252233B - Hydrolysis catalyst and preparation method thereof, and method for preparing nicotinamide by utilizing hydrolysis catalyst - Google Patents
Hydrolysis catalyst and preparation method thereof, and method for preparing nicotinamide by utilizing hydrolysis catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN103252233B CN103252233B CN201310135495.4A CN201310135495A CN103252233B CN 103252233 B CN103252233 B CN 103252233B CN 201310135495 A CN201310135495 A CN 201310135495A CN 103252233 B CN103252233 B CN 103252233B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of catalysis, and relates to a hydrolysis catalyst. The catalyst consists of a MnO2 (manganese dioxide) active part and a TiO2-SiO2 (titanium dioxide-silicon dioxide) carrier part containing SiO2, and solves the problems of the existing hydrolysis catalyst that the consumption is large, the reaction temperature is high, the catalyzing efficiency is low, and the cycling application stability is poor. The invention further provides a method for preparing the hydrolysis catalyst and a method for preparing nictinamide by utilizing the hydrolysis catalyst.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to catalysis technical field, relate to a kind of hydrolyst and prepare the method for hydrolyst, due to the catalyst that hydrolyst of the present invention can be for nicotinonitrile hydrolysis niacinamide, present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of niacinamide.
Background technology
Industrial method of being produced niacinamide by catalyzing hydrolysis nicotinonitrile, selected catalyst is primarily of acid, alkali and some water-insoluble catalyst, such as NiO, MgO, MnO
2deng, there is Patent data to show, utilize KMnO
4with MnSO
4at the MnO that redox reaction is produced
2for catalyst, the productive rate that niacinamide is produced in the hydrolysis of catalysis nicotinonitrile reaches about 80%, and visible manganese dioxide has good catalysis potential.
In addition research display is had, with MnO
2for the reaction system of catalyst, ubiquity consumption is large, and reaction temperature is higher, and catalytic efficiency is low, recycles the problems such as poor stability.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem to be solved by this invention is MnO
2catalyst (being such as converted into the hydrolysis of niacinamide by nicotinonitrile) ubiquity consumption when participating in hydrolysis is large, and reaction temperature is higher, and catalytic efficiency is low, recycles the problem of poor stability, and provides a kind of hydrolyst.
A kind of hydrolyst of the present invention, is characterized in that described catalyst is by active part MnO
2and containing SiO
2tiO
2-SiO
2carrier part forms.
The present invention is to existing MnO
2the composition of catalyst resets, and adds TiO
2-SiO
2carrier part, wherein TiO
2with MnO
2there is strong interaction, optimize MnO
2catalytic performance (increase MnO
2selective to hydrolysis), and improve MnO
2recycle stability, and SiO
2can acidic site be provided, add and can further improve MnO
2catalytic activity, reduce MnO
2catalytic temperature.On the basis of above scheme, the present invention improves the catalytic performance of described hydrolyst further from following two aspects.
1. the acquisition of active part and carrier part.
(1) MnO
2acquisition:
As described in the background section, KMnO
4with MnSO
4redox reaction produce MnO
2produce the reaction of niacinamide as the hydrolysis of catalyst nicotinonitrile, end reaction productive rate can reach about 80%, in addition, also can make KMnO
4obtained MnO is reacted with organic matter
2, some experimental results show, KMnO
4the MnO obtained with inorganic salts generation redox reaction
2catalytic activity is KMnO comparatively
4the MnO obtained with organic matter generation redox reaction
2slightly high, therefore those skilled in the art may be more prone to adopt KMnO
4mnO is prepared with the redox reaction of inorganic salts
2, active part MnO of the present invention
2first reduce KMnO by organic matter
4obtain MnO
2, then to gained MnO
2acidifying is reduced, logical oxygen roasting forms, the redox reaction of the redox reaction also namely adopting first organic matter to participate in generally then inorganic salts participation again, and the mode of last oxidizing roasting is carried out, through X-diffraction and infrared spectrum analysis display, active part MnO of the present invention
2have and KMnO
4the MnO obtained with inorganic salts generation redox reaction
2(such as KMnO
4in neutral environment, obtained MnO is reacted with manganese chloride
2) different crystal structure, and at least at MnO
2specific area and specific volume have obvious advantage, thus make MnO
2catalytic activity has obvious lifting.
As a special case, active part MnO of the present invention
2be made up of following steps:
KMnO will be derived from
4the MnO generated is reacted with organic matter
2acidifying, then adjust ph is to 6.0-6.5, and form manganese intermediate compound, described organic matter comprises toluene, benzyl halide, nitrotoleune and C1-C3 alkyl pyridine;
Add carbonic hydroammonium to manganese intermediate compound, generate sediment, then oxygen, high-temperature roasting are led to sediment.Sintering temperature is arranged on 300-350 DEG C usually, to guarantee to obtain active part MnO
2.
(2) TiO
2acquisition:
There is TiO in occurring in nature
2three kinds of variants: Rutile Type (tetragonal crystal), plate titanium phase (orthorhombic crystal), sharp titanium phase (tetragonal crystal), wherein sharp titanium phase TiO
2the specific area that tool is high and stronger surface acidity, strong acid center is present in its surface and causes and MnO
2stronger interaction, importantly, the present invention finds MnO used in the present invention
2crystal structure and anatase TiO
2comparatively close to and there is brilliant structure and join suitable, MnO
2crystal is very easy to from TiO
2upper oriented epitaxial growth, thus expose Mn to greatest extent
4+(Mn
4+the electronics in hydrone on oxygen atom can be attracted, thus easily lose a proton, produce acid oh group), be conducive at MnO
2acid hydroxy group group needed for surface aggregation hydrolysis, makes MnO
2there is higher catalytic efficiency.
General, sharp titanium phase TiO
2industrial sulfate process preparation can be adopted, but the TiO that this legal system is standby
2the mass percent of middle sulfate ion can reach 1.7%-1.9%, and the impurity such as too much sulfate ion may make TiO
2-SiO
2carrier part is sharp titanium phase TiO in preparation process
2change to Rutile Type, cause the catalytic efficiency that hydrolyst is lower.
For this reason, the invention provides solution: too much sulphur roasting direct or by TiO
2first be immersed in then roasting removing in aqueous slkali.By this scheme, TiO
2-SiO
2in carrier part, the mass percent of sulphur is less than 0.5%.
2. the proportioning of active part and carrier part is arranged.
Usually, TiO in carrier part of the present invention
2with SiO
2mass ratio be (85-87): (15-13), and on this basis, by MnO
2mass percent in hydrolyst is set to 15-20%, this setting makes hydrolyst possess high catalytic performance to many hydrolysis, such as hydrolyst being applied to nicotinonitrile is hydrolyzed in the hydrolysis of niacinamide, the conversion ratio of nicotinonitrile is more than 99.8%, and the selective of niacinamide reaches more than 98.5%.
Second Problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of hydrolyst, and the method comprises:
A. by TiOSO
4with containing SiO
2ludox co-precipitation obtain TiO
2-SiO
2carrier part;
B. KMnO will be derived from
4the MnO generated is reacted with organic matter
2acidifying, then adjust ph is to 6.0-6.5, and form manganese intermediate compound, described organic matter comprises toluene, benzyl halide, nitrotoleune and C1-C3 alkyl pyridine;
C. add ammonium carbonate to manganese intermediate compound, the depositions settle of generation is in TiO
2-SiO
2carrier part, forms intermediate solid;
D. oxygen, high-temperature roasting are led to intermediate solid, after cooling, grind to form graininess hydrolyst.
Although select TiOSO in a step
4as reaction raw materials, there is the danger introducing sulfate ion to hydrolyst, but due in Step d high-temperature roasting, the TiO of hydrolyst can be made
2-SiO
2in carrier part, the mass percent of sulphur is less than 0.5%.In addition, the preparation method of described hydrolyst also attempts to improve TiO
2-SiO
2the specific area of carrier part, controls the temperature of the high-temperature roasting of Step d such as, at rational scope, 300-350 DEG C, can make TiO
2-SiO
2average specific surface area reach 195.05m
2g
-1.
3rd problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of hydrolyst for the preparation of niacinamide method (i), the method initial feed be nicotinonitrile (ii), comprising:
(ii) (i)
1. the aqueous solution of hydrolyst and nicotinonitrile are (ii) mixed to get reactant mixture;
2. under alkali condition, reactant mixture is heated, make reaction temperature remain on 95-100 DEG C, form crude product feed liquid;
3. crude product feed liquid is purified and obtain niacinamide (i).
Due to the good catalytic of hydrolyst of the present invention, use the hydrolyst of minute quantity that nicotinonitrile just can be made (ii) to be converted into niacinamide smoothly (i), such as usually can use nicotinonitrile (ii) mole less than 8% hydrolyst, and the hydrolyst life-span is long, can be recycled more than 10 times.
In order to ensure the conversion ratio of nicotinonitrile more than 99.8%, and the selective of niacinamide reaches more than 98.5%, with MnO in hydrolyst
2molal quantity represent the molal quantity of hydrolyst, the use amount of hydrolyst be preferably not less than nicotinonitrile (ii) mole 2.9%, in fact, hydrolyst use amount lower than nicotinonitrile (ii) mole 2.9% can cause lower nicotinonitrile conversion ratio and niacinamide selective, and higher than the hydrolyst use amount of nicotinonitrile (ii) mole 4.0%, although nicotinonitrile conversion ratio can remain on high level, the selective of niacinamide reduces.
Detailed description of the invention
MnO in the hydrolyst that each embodiment uses
2source, by one of the product MnO of 3-picoline and potassium permanganate generation redox reaction
2there is provided, specifically can obtain MnO by method below
2source:
Take 30.5g organic matter, be dissolved in 200ml pyridine (note solution I), get 42.5g potassium permanganate in 150ml deionized water, stir continuously in 50 DEG C, after dissolving completely, be cooled to room temperature (note solution II); Under room temperature condition, solution I is added solution II, after reaction a period of time, suction filtration must precipitate, required manganese dioxide can be obtained in 110-115 DEG C of dry 2-3h after spending deionized water, described organic matter comprises toluene, benzyl halide, nitrotoleune and C1-C3 alkyl pyridine, and the methyl in described benzyl halide on phenyl ring meets by the condition of potassium permanganate oxidation.
The hydrolyst used can be made up of following methods:
TiO
2-SiO
2the preparation of carrier part: by TiOSO
4soluble in water, 50-60 DEG C of stirring in water bath, adds containing 30% mass percent SiO after dissolving completely
2ludox, stir standing certain hour and obtain mixed solution, dripping mass percent is the ammonia spirit of 20%, endpoint pH controls at 10-11, the suspension generated is in 35-40 DEG C of standing 8-10h, filter, wash the solid dry 10h at 105-110 DEG C obtained, then at 550 DEG C of roasting 5h, obtain TiO
2-SiO
2carrier part, above-mentioned TiOSO
4and SiO
2use amount should meet and make final TiO
2with SiO
2mass ratio be (85-87): (13-15);
MnO
2process: 5g is derived from KMnO
4the MnO generated is reacted with 3-picoline
2, 8g oxalic acid, 10-15g water, add the acidifying of 10-12g 6mol/L sulfuric acid solution, pH to 6-6.5 adjusted by concentrated ammonia liquor, forms manganese intermediate compound;
MnO
2at SiO
2-TiO
2the deposition of carrier part: add NH to manganese intermediate compound
4hCO
3and SiO
2-TiO
2carrier part, the depositions settle of generation is in TiO
2-SiO
2carrier part, washes 3-5 time, in 50 DEG C of dry 0.5-1h, forms intermediate solid;
Roasting to intermediate solid: intermediate solid is led to oxygen in 300-350 DEG C of high temperature, roasting, grinding obtain the hydrolyst particle that particle diameter is 0.08-0.15mm.
Technical staff can carry out the expansion of equal proportion to the addition participating in the various materials reacted in said method or reduce according to the actual requirements.
Embodiment 1-4:
1) hydrolyst getting hydrolyst 28.5g(embodiment 1,2,3 and 4 adopts the method preparation preparing hydrolyst in detailed description of the invention part, wherein MnO in embodiment 1,2,3,4
2the mass percent accounting for intermediate solid controls respectively at 5%-10%, 10%-15%, 15%-20%, 20%-25%), in 200ml there-necked flask A, add 50ml distilled water, be placed in 75 DEG C of water-baths, agitation as appropriate obtains the stable hydrolyst aqueous solution, for subsequent use;
2) get 150ml nicotinonitrile in 500ml there-necked flask B, the above-mentioned obtained hydrolyst aqueous solution is proceeded to flask B, with appropriate distilled water washing flask A, and cleaning solution is proceeded to flask B, appropriateness stirs and evenly mixs, and obtains reactant mixture;
3) get 15ml ammoniacal liquor (mass percent concentration 20%), add step 2) in mixed liquor, heating water bath, timing when temperature rises to 85 DEG C, controls reaction temperature 95-100 DEG C, reaction time 3-5h, rear sampling detects 3-cyano content, determines the extent of reaction;
4) after reacting completely, feed liquid after filtration, decolouring, filtration treatment, gained filtrate adopts HPLC method to analyze content composition, the conversion ratio of nicotinonitrile and catalyst choice.
Concrete outcome is in table 1:
Table 1
MnO 2Mass percent | Reaction temperature | Reaction time | 3-CNP conversion ratio | NSA is selective | |
Embodiment 1 | 5%-10% | 96℃ | 4h | 45%-52% | 95.3% |
Embodiment 2 | 10%-15% | 96℃ | 4h | 80%-85% | 97.6% |
Embodiment 3 | 15%-20% | 96℃ | 4h | 99.8%-100% | >98.5% |
Embodiment 4 | 20%-25% | 96℃ | 4h | 91%-95% | 97.8% |
Determine that the hydrolysis of catalysis nicotinonitrile obtains the optimal conditions of niacinamide: with the MnO prepared
2mass percent is the hydrolyst MnO of 15%-20%
2/ SiO
2-TiO
2(wherein SiO
2-TiO
2middle SiO
2mass percent is 13%-15%, gained SiO
2-TiO
2average specific surface area is 195.05m
2g
-1) catalyzing hydrolysis nicotinonitrile, the mol ratio of hydrolyst and nicotinonitrile is 0.032-0.038(such as 0.035), reaction temperature 96-100 DEG C, reaction time 4h, nicotinonitrile conversion ratio about 100% under this condition, selectively reaches more than 98.5%.
Embodiment 5-7:
Preparation MnO
2/ TiO
2and pure MnO
2, wherein MnO
2/ TiO
2only MnO is with the difference of hydrolyst preparation method
2/ TiO
2do not add Ludox, and pure MnO
2preparation method be detailed description of the invention part MnO
2the preparation method in source, MnO
2/ SiO
2-TiO
2preparation method (the wherein MnO identical with the preparation method of detailed description of the invention partial hydrolysis catalyst of (i.e. hydrolyst)
2the mass percent accounting for intermediate solid controls at 15%-20%), (wherein embodiment 5 is by MnO to carry out Activity Assessment according to the method for embodiment 1 to 4
2replace hydrolyst, and embodiment 6 is by MnO
2/ TiO
2replace hydrolyst), active power is followed successively by MnO
2/ SiO
2-TiO
2> MnO
2/ TiO
2> MnO
2.
Concrete outcome is in table 2:
Table 2
Catalyst classification | Reaction temperature | Reaction time | 3-CNP conversion ratio | NSA is selective | |
Embodiment 5 | MnO 2 | 96℃ | 4h | 90.58 % | 96.26% |
Embodiment 6 | MnO 2/TiO 2 | 96℃ | 4h | 96.47% | 98.13% |
Embodiment 7 | MnO 2/TiO 2-SiO 2 | 96℃ | 4h | >99.80% | >98.50% |
Claims (9)
1. a hydrolyst, is characterized in that by active part MnO
2and containing SiO
2tiO
2-SiO
2carrier part forms, described MnO
2crystal structure and anatase TiO
2there is brilliant structure joins suitable, described active part MnO
2first reduce KMnO by organic matter
4obtain MnO
2, then to gained MnO
2acidifying is reduced, and 300 DEG C-350 DEG C logical oxygen roastings form.
2. a kind of hydrolyst according to claim 1, is characterized in that described organic matter comprises toluene, benzyl halide, nitrotoleune and C1-C3 alkyl pyridine.
3. a kind of hydrolyst according to claim 1, is characterized in that described MnO
2mass percent in hydrolyst is 15-20%.
4. a kind of hydrolyst according to claim 1, is characterized in that TiO
2for sharp titanium phase TiO
2.
5. a kind of hydrolyst according to claim 1, is characterized in that TiO in described carrier part
2with SiO
2mass ratio be (85-87): (13-15).
6. a preparation method for hydrolyst described in claim 1, comprising:
A. by TiOSO
4with containing SiO
2ludox co-precipitation obtain TiO
2-SiO
2carrier part;
B. KMnO will be derived from
4the MnO generated is reacted with organic matter
2acidifying, then adjust ph is to 6.0-6.5, and form manganese intermediate compound, described organic matter comprises toluene, benzyl halide, nitrotoleune and C1-C3 alkyl pyridine;
C. add carbonic hydroammonium to manganese intermediate compound, the depositions settle of generation is in TiO
2-SiO
2carrier part, forms intermediate solid;
D. oxygen, 300 DEG C of-350 DEG C of roastings are led to intermediate solid, after cooling, grind to form graininess hydrolyst.
7. the preparation method of hydrolyst according to claim 6, is characterized in that described in a step, co-precipitation comprises TiO
2-SiO
2the roasting of carrier part.
8. hydrolyst described in claim 1 is for the preparation of a niacinamide method (i), initial feed be nicotinonitrile (ii), comprising:
(ii) (i)
1. the aqueous solution of hydrolyst described in claim 1 and nicotinonitrile are (ii) mixed to get reactant mixture;
2. under alkali condition, reactant mixture is heated, make reaction temperature remain on 95-100 DEG C, form crude product feed liquid;
3. crude product feed liquid is purified and obtain niacinamide (i).
9. a kind of niacinamide according to claim 8 preparation method (i), is characterized in that 1. in step, with MnO in hydrolyst
2molal quantity represent the molal quantity of hydrolyst, hydrolyst and nicotinonitrile mol ratio is (ii) 0.029-0.040, and 2. the reaction time of step is 3-5h.
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Title |
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3-甲基吡啶氨氧化制3-氰基吡啶催化剂研究;倪康婧;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅰ辑》;20071215(第06期);正文第21页1.3.3.3 V2O5/TiO2催化剂的结构 * |
V2O5/TiO2催化剂表面钒氧物种的分散状态和催化性能;许波连等;《中国科学》;20020630;第32卷(第3期);第235页前言 * |
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