CN103252196B - Continuous granulating device - Google Patents
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- CN103252196B CN103252196B CN201310218279.6A CN201310218279A CN103252196B CN 103252196 B CN103252196 B CN 103252196B CN 201310218279 A CN201310218279 A CN 201310218279A CN 103252196 B CN103252196 B CN 103252196B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a continuous granulating device of an aggregated spherical grain and belongs to a B01J 2/16 type. The continuous granulating device is characterized in that a blanking control device is arranged inside a blanking device; the upper part of the device is connected with a granulating chamber and the lower part of the device is connected with a drying chamber; a distribution pore plate is arranged at the upper part of the device; a blanking throat pipe is arranged at the center of the distribution pore plate; the blanking throat pipe is provided with an air control valve; pores are uniformly distributed on the peripheral wall of the lower part of the blanking throat pipe; and the pores are connected with an air inlet pipe. The invention aims to provide grain production equipment with no pollution, improved production efficiency and low energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of continuous comminutor of spherical particle of reuniting, belong to B01J 2/16 class.
Background technology
Granular material has mobility, good permeability; no dust pollution; easy preservation; soluble; the advantage such as not perishable; therefore the application of grain products widely; as the extract of malt and milk of foodstuff, coffee, milk powder, soymilk and various instant drinks etc.; the granulating of the various catalyst of chemical, additive, dyestuff, pigment; granulation before the various electuary medicines of pharmaceutical, compressing tablet; granulation before the various forming ceramics of building material, the new method that ceramic tile is produced especially is at present all compressing technique after employing granulation.As can be seen here, powder is granulated is the indispensable production technologies of the numerous product of industry such as food, chemical industry, medicine, building materials, metallurgy, agricultural, military project, refractory material.
The equipment of current domestic production loose particles mainly contains following several:
1, wet granulation equipment (three step granulations), namely production process is divided into many complete equipments multiple working procedures such as batch mixing, granulation, drying, shaping to complete, and belongs to more original production technology.Although the single complete equipment of this technique is fairly simple, there is the problems such as floor space is large, operating process is numerous and diverse, operating condition is poor, dust pollution is serious, material loss is large, production efficiency is low (mainly using in industries such as medicine, food, chemical industry).
2, fluidized granulating equipment (a step granulation), its production method loads in a closed container by a collection of raw material (powder), upwards hot-air is inputted below container, make powder seethe with excitement (fluidization) at this moment above internal tank with the vaporific binding agent of a nozzle Jet with downward flow direction, increasing by liquid material table surface tension in boiling, mutual bonding, reunite and become large, this process is until stop hydrojet when all materials all reach granularity requirements, continue input hot-air and drying is carried out to material, air feed is stopped after reaching moisture requirement, material is taken out in container and carries out shaping.This equipment granulation and dry run a set of equipment just can complete, and simplify production technology, reduce production site, improve operating condition.The granulation cycle very long (need more than 3 hours) criticized by one step comminutor list, and energy consumption very large (actual have the energy consumption of 70% ~ 80% to be flogging a dead horse), its output size is subject to the constraint of volume.The domestic maximum type put into production is 300 types (both single batch had fed intake is 300 liters) at present, and its hourly output is less than 100 kilograms.Often criticize the particle qualification rate of product in addition about about 70%, so the output of qualified products is just less.Because its production capacity is little, production cost is higher again, so substantially do not use (only pharmaceuticals industry application is more) in the industry such as food, chemical industry.
Mist projection granulating tower; the prilling process of this equipment is that slurries are sprayed into mist pearl with high pressure nozzle by slurries (about containing the water of 70% ~ 80%) by the dilution of granulation raw material; with high heat, high velocity air, mist pearl is taken away; mist pearl moisture content in air-flow walking process volatilizees rapidly; become required particle, then with reclaimer, particle is reclaimed.This equipment yield comparatively large (generally can reach more than one ton/hour), so be relatively applicable to the production of large output product, as milk powder, washing powder, ceramic tile etc.But because the energy consumption of this device fabrication particle more than 90% is used to make material dewatering, energy consumption is very big, so granulation cost is very high, this is also resemble one of high reason of the product prices such as ceramic tile.
Summary of the invention
What more than introduce is the main product of several Granulation Equipments, and it is antipathetic for requiring to reduce with current social the aim polluting, reduce energy consumption.The invention provides a kind of continuous comminutor, its object is exactly the requirement adapting to current social in the process will produced in granulation, provides a kind of pollution-free, the particulate manufacturing method of low energy consumption and equipment.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of continuous comminutor, it mainly includes feeder, what be connected with feeder is granulation chamber, is provided with flutter collection chamber in the upper end of granulation chamber, and what be connected with granulation chamber lower end is feeder, dry classification device is connected with feeder, be connected with material-returning device and removal device with dry classification device, above in granulation chamber, have nozzle, it is characterized in that: between granulation chamber and hothouse, be provided with a falling control device, this device top is connected with granulation chamber, and bottom is connected with hothouse; The bottom of granulation chamber is provided with distribution orifice, and the central authorities of distribution orifice are connected with a blanking trunnion, are provided with baffle valve on the top of blanking trunnion, and the bottom perisporium of blanking trunnion is evenly distributed with eyelet, and eyelet communicates with blast pipe, and the front end of blast pipe is provided with control air-valve.
Be provided with wind assembling set between the tube wall of blanking trunnion bottom and blast pipe, the below of wind assembling set is provided with storage compartment, is provided with dividing plate between wind assembling set and storage compartment.
The bottom of storage compartment is provided with blow-off valve, and blow-off valve is connected with a cylinder, and blow-off valve and baffle valve link.
Described distribution orifice central authorities are provided with circular hole, and distribution orifice is taper, high in surrounding, middle low.
Main points of the present invention improve the innovation that the key link of ZL.2007 10010095.5 patent " gravitational method continuous granulator and prilling process " granted before the patentee is carried out.Mainly contain:
1, the innovation of blanking trunnion is improved.Can the particle that granulation chamber reaches granularity requirements enter hothouse smoothly, and the powder not reaching granularity requirements still continue granulation chamber to continue granulating be the application with before the key that distinguishes of all devices.In former patent, this link adopts distribution orifice bottom granulation chamber
,periphery arranges several blanking aditus laryngis, is reached the size controlling falling particles by the wind-force controlling aditus laryngis.This structure can play the effect of equal control grain graininess, but less stable.Reason is that multiple aditus laryngis wants each aditus laryngis wind-force is unanimously inherently difficult to, and once the blocking of certain (or multiple) aditus laryngis, the wind-force of other aditus laryngis will increase (in the constant situation of total wind-force), thus makes granulation be difficult to realize.Often there is this problem when practical application, user can not be accepted.In order to change this state, we, by a large amount of practice, form a kind of simple, reliable, feasible structure finally.Its principle is shown in figure (3), explained later.
2, original vertical drying grading plant is improved to present horizontal dry classification device, benefit is 1) structure is simplified; 2) interference is reduced; 3) screening effect is clearly better.
3, by an original heat exchanger, single channel air inlet changes two heat exchanger two-way air inlets into, so not only makes the air quantity in each transportation work style road, temperature control freely, and improves heat exchange efficiency.
accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention will put structural representation.
Being labeled as in accompanying drawing: 1, pulse valve; 2, induced duct; 3, air-introduced machine; 4, flutter collection chamber; 5, nozzle; 6, peristaltic pump; 7, flow container; 8, granulation chamber; 9, feeder; 10, dry classification device; 11, vibrating motor; 12, main heat exchanger; 13, thick refeed line; 14, thin refeed line; 15, thin material returning device; 16, thick material returning device; 17, removal device; 18, auxiliary heat exchanger; 19, air-valve is controlled; 20, feeder; 21, distribution orifice; 22, blanking trunnion; 23, baffle valve; 24, wind assembling set; 25, blast pipe; 27, dividing plate; 28, storage compartment; 29, cylinder; 30, blow-off valve; 31, hothouse.
detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Present invention process method (Fig. 1) is summarised as: under fan action, in negative pressure state in system, when adding former powder in granulation chamber, powder is fluidization under hot blast effect from bottom to top, when granulation chamber's temperature reaches certain value, start to powder spray binding agent in granulation chamber, grow up by the liquid powder agglomerate that mutually bonds, form particle, the particles sink of growing up to certain particle size enters hothouse by key structure of the present invention, particle is dry at hothouse inner edge, limit classification, upper strata oversized particles returns granulation chamber through refeed line after entering broken material-returning device fragmentation, lower floor crosses fine grained and enters fines material returning device and return granulation chamber through refeed line, middle level conforming particle enters qualified batch can.Constantly supplement former powder in granulation chamber, ensure that granulation, drying, discharge particle process are carried out continuously.Air is discharged by blower fan after granulation chamber's top purifier process.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 2, to present invention process method, details are as follows:
Former powder can be quantitative by one, the feeder 20 of time-controlled continuous charging feeds in raw material at any time in granulation chamber 8, the powder added in granulation chamber 8 is through distribution orifice hot blast from bottom to top (being provided by hot-air system) and drives in fluidization, when adding the powder in granulation chamber 8 and reaching a certain amount of, nozzle 5 above granulation chamber 8 starts the binding agent spraying into atomization, fluidised material in granulation chamber 8 is made evenly to be subject to liquid, bonding agglomerate granulating is mutually increased by the powder surface tension after liquid, material is constantly by liquid, granularity is constantly grown up, grow to and require that the particle weight of granularity reaches constant weight.Material above key structure feeder 9 blanking trunnion 22 of the present invention, due to Action of Gravity Field, to fall along trunnion, this part material is subject to the hot blast effect of rising along trunnion simultaneously, the particle reaching granularity (or larger) overcomes wind-force and falls into hothouse 31, and meticulous particle returns granulation chamber 8 under wind-force effect.The particle entering hothouse 31 moves along dry classification device 10 to discharge gate under the effect of vibrating motor 11, dehydrates under hot blast effect.Dry classification device 10 is provided with secondary classification, and the coarse granule excessively on upper strata enters after thick material returning device 16 is broken and returns granulation chamber 8 through thick refeed line 13.The conforming particle in middle level enters removal device 17 timing and is discharged to appointed place.Lower floor crosses fine grained and enters thin material returning device 15 and return granulation chamber 8 through thin refeed line 14.Feeder 20 constantly supplements former powder in granulation chamber 8, makes granulation, drying, conforming particle discharge and continuously carry out, achieves the technique of continuous granulation.The hot-air system that the hot blast of this device is made up of main heat exchanger 12, auxiliary heat exchanger 18 and air-introduced machine 3 provides, and the total blast volume in system is controlled by variable-frequency governor, and the control of granule size controls by controlling air-valve 19.Enter air-introduced machine 3 after the sock filtration of hot blast finally by flutter collection chamber 2 to discharge, the fine powder retained returns granulation chamber 8 through pulse valve 1 time action and continues granulation.This device forms spray system by flow container 7, peristaltic pump 6, nozzle 5, can be controlled the size of spouting liquid by the rotating speed adjusting peristaltic pump 6, can be controlled the size of hydrojet mist pearl by adjustment nozzle 5 admission pressure.
Main points of the present invention are between granulation chamber 8 and hothouse 31, have a falling control device (see figure 3).This device comprises blanking trunnion 22, baffle valve 23, wind assembling set 24, blast pipe 25, control air-valve 19, storage compartment 28, blow-off valve 30 and cylinder 29.In former patent, blanking trunnion is the extension surrounding being distributed in orifice plate, is made up of several trunnions.In actual applications, raw meal particle size controls always unstable, thus causes whole system unstable.Tracing it to its cause, is gas flow optimized more complicated, and it is uniform inherently more difficult that multiple trunnion wants to reach wind-force, system is in running, once certain (or multiple) blanking trunnion because of air quantity too small blocked, will make to be strengthened by the wind speed of other blanking trunnion, the particle under this is unable to come down.While stifled, be unable to come down, continuous granulation just cannot carry out.And the blanking trunnion of the application is the through hole being arranged on distribution orifice 21 central authorities is connected with blanking trunnion 22, the uniform eyelet of perisporium of blanking trunnion 22 and wind assembling set 24 bound fraction, hot blast in blast pipe 25 evenly enters eyelet by wind assembling set 24, granulation chamber 8 is upwards entered by blanking trunnion 22, the air force of hot blast can be controlled freely by control air-valve 19, requires according to grain graininess the size controlling air quantity.Such structure gas flow optimized evenly, stable, the Task-size Controlling thus making to make is very effective, and the destabilizing factor of continuous granulation is solved at all.
The application is provided with wind assembling set 24 between the tube wall and blast pipe 25 of blanking trunnion 22 bottom, and the below of wind assembling set 24 is provided with storage compartment 28, is provided with dividing plate 27 between wind assembling set 24 and storage compartment 28.Isolated by dividing plate 27 between wind assembling set 24 and storage compartment 28, blow-off valve 30 is arranged at the bottom of storage compartment 28, and blow-off valve 30 is by cylinder 29 gauge tap, and cylinder 29 is Synchronization Control baffle valve 23 switch also.Its control grain principle is when in granulation chamber 8, the particle of size inequality enters blanking trunnion 22 under gravity, the active force that is heated on wind direction of granule fallen by declining, static to rising, finally return granulation chamber 8, larger particles gravity is large, overcome hot blast active force upwards to sink to entering storage compartment 28, like this, the particle that just can be controlled different size by the size controlling wind-force enters storage compartment 28, makes continuous granulation more stable, more reliable.When the particle of storage compartment 9 reaches a certain amount of, cylinder 29 action, opens blow-off valve 30, and particle enters hothouse 31.Blow-off valve 30 opens same time control air-valve 23 and cuts out, and entering blanking trunnion 22 to prevent dry wind affects discharge.
Continuous granulation process of the present invention and continuous comminutor fundamentally breach existing dry method granulation processes flow process, and non-slurry pelletizing serialization is achieved.This breakthrough brings a series of positive effect, mainly as follows:
1, there is outstanding energy-saving effect: due to the breakthrough in prilling, energy consumption is reduced greatly.The relevant data that table 1 lists several same output Granulation Equipments energy consumption compares:
table 1
| Device type | One step comminutor | Mist projection granulating | Apparatus of the present invention |
| Model | PGL-20 | ZLG-80 | LZL-20 |
| Production capacity kg/h | 15～25 | 18.5～28 | 15～25 |
| General power kw | 48 | 83 | 8 |
| Unit energy consumption kw/kg | 2.4 | 3.6 | 0.4 |
| Observable index | 6 | 9 | 1 |
As can be seen from the above table, the energy-saving effect of apparatus of the present invention is obvious especially, and this point also can get across theoretically.For a step comminutor, its production technology once drops into 60 liter raw meal to granulation chamber, and this 60 liter raw meal fluidization be made to need the blower fan of 11kw to drive.In granulation process, spouting liquid is limited, thus in container powder by liquid rate be and limited (generally less than 2%), so granulating speed is very slow, chronic.And in granulation process, particle warp under fluidized state of first granulating collides the fragmentation had mutually, just can again increase, granulating so repeatedly until next time by after liquid, repeatedly broken, consume again a lot of energy consumption.Through all reaching after granularity requirements stopping hydrojet until all materials for a long time, also needing a period of time dry, in dry run, having again a large amount of particles to be crashed diminish, finally completing in the granularity of particle and also have a lot of underproof particle.In view of this, most of energy consumption of a step comminutor is flogging a dead horse.And apparatus of the present invention only drop in granulation chamber in process of production little material (as long as spray film can not penetrator expect reach orifice plate just can), only just can drive fluidization of material with the blower fan of 1.1kw.When material less in granulation chamber makes hydrojet, material improves (can reach more than 15%) greatly by liquid rate, the speed of granulating wants fast many, and the particle reaching granularity requirements enters hothouse very soon and carries out drying, dry gas stream is dried particles not only, and arrives granulation chamber and continue work done.In addition, the vibrating motor in apparatus of the present invention not only plays and drives particle moving effect, also plays and promotes fluidization of material effect, also plays the effect of saving energy consumption.Hot blast needed for particularly granulation, drying generally needs to be heated to more than 150 DEG C, and the heating energy consumption of 1.1kw fan delivery, compared with the heating energy consumption of 11kw fan delivery, in turn saves how many energy consumptions.
Why larger the power consumption of sponging granulator is, is because its energy of 90% is all used to dehydration, dried material.
2, production efficiency significantly improves: because the energy consumption of inaction reduces greatly, so production efficiency improves greatly, and apparatus of the present invention have a set of grading plant to make the particle of discharge completely qualified, without the need to again making Shape correction.
3, volume obviously reduces: because production efficiency improves greatly; so equipment volume reduces greatly; compare with a step comminutor, the equipment volume of its PGL-20 model is φ 1200X3150, and the equipment volume of apparatus of the present invention LZL-30 model is φ 580X2450X2100.Output is larger, diameter than larger, therefore, the equipment yield of the current maximum production of a step comminutor less than 200kg/ hour, and apparatus of the present invention output to reach 1000kg/ constantly little, diameter is also much smaller than a step comminutor.Thus, apparatus of the present invention can provide large-tonnage dry granulation equipment for large output particle manufacture enterprise, the such as product such as soymilk, ceramic tile.As ceramic tile, output is large, if the equipment that the large product apparatus of the present invention that consume energy provide goes to produce, will bring great economic benefit.
4, particle quality significantly improves: from 1, middle analysis, one step comminutor is material granulating repeatedly in granulation process, repeatedly broken, some particles need through process so many times, and some particles only pass through process so for several times, thus the former composition that contains in slurries is many, and latter is few; The former is comparatively hard, and the latter is more loose.Can draw thus, particulate component, difference in hardness that a step comminutor is produced are very large.And apparatus of the present invention material granulation process in granulation process is basically identical, thus particulate component also basically identical (have also been obtained confirmation by experiment).
5, environmental pollution obviously reduces: apparatus of the present invention are totally-enclosed operation in granulation process, does not have dust from flying.Charging, discharging process also contact, so substantially reduce environmental pollution and the pollution to material without operating personnel.
6, can be user and bring obvious economic benefit:
1) because equipment volume is little, pollute little, so capital expenditure can greatly reduce.Such as, the main heat exchanger volume of this device is very little, just be placed on below dry classification device can, and the heat-exchange system of a step comminutor needs a subsidiary engine room.
2) because energy consumption is low, so equipment operating cost can reduce greatly, product cost also can greatly reduce.
3) this equipment adopts Automatic Control, and the quantity of operating personnel is greatly reduced, and the muscle power of operating personnel reduces greatly.
Claims (3)
1. a continuous comminutor, it mainly includes feeder (20), what be connected with feeder (20) is granulation chamber (8), flutter collection chamber (4) is provided with in the upper end of granulation chamber (8), what be connected with granulation chamber (8) lower end is feeder (9), dry classification device (10) is connected with feeder (9), material-returning device and removal device (17) is connected with dry classification device (10), there is nozzle (5) top in granulation chamber (8), it is characterized in that: between granulation chamber (8) and hothouse (31), be provided with a falling control device, this device top is connected with granulation chamber (8), bottom is connected with hothouse (31), falling control device comprises blanking trunnion (22), baffle valve (23), wind assembling set (24), blast pipe (25), control air-valve (19), storage compartment (28), blow-off valve (30) and cylinder (29), the bottom of granulation chamber (8) is provided with distribution orifice (21), the central authorities of distribution orifice (21) are connected with the blanking trunnion (22) in falling control device, baffle valve (23) is provided with on the top of blanking trunnion (22), the bottom perisporium of blanking trunnion (22) is evenly distributed with eyelet, eyelet communicates with blast pipe (25), and the front end of blast pipe (25) is provided with control air-valve (19),
Described distribution orifice (21) central authorities are provided with circular hole, and distribution orifice (21) is taper, high in surrounding, middle low.
2. a kind of continuous comminutor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between the tube wall of blanking trunnion (22) bottom and blast pipe (25), be provided with wind assembling set (24), the below of wind assembling set (24) is provided with storage compartment (28), is provided with dividing plate (27) between wind assembling set (24) and storage compartment (28).
3. a kind of continuous comminutor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the bottom of storage compartment (28) is provided with blow-off valve (30), blow-off valve (30) is connected with a cylinder (29).
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| CN201310218279.6A CN103252196B (en) | 2013-06-04 | 2013-06-04 | Continuous granulating device |
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| CN201310218279.6A CN103252196B (en) | 2013-06-04 | 2013-06-04 | Continuous granulating device |
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| CN103252196B true CN103252196B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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| CN111001353A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-14 | 盐城市大明化工机械有限公司 | Vacuum spray fluidization granulator |
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