CN103250654A - Mouse smell training detector, smell interference simulation device and training method - Google Patents
Mouse smell training detector, smell interference simulation device and training method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103250654A CN103250654A CN2013101619777A CN201310161977A CN103250654A CN 103250654 A CN103250654 A CN 103250654A CN 2013101619777 A CN2013101619777 A CN 2013101619777A CN 201310161977 A CN201310161977 A CN 201310161977A CN 103250654 A CN103250654 A CN 103250654A
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Abstract
The invention provides a mouse smell training detector, a smell interference simulation device and a training method. The mouse smell training detector is of a box body type structure. The box body is divided into four portions, namely a location for an air supply device, a smell mixing and diffusion space, a location for mouse training and a location for a water supply device. A compartment for training mice is divided into five training separating chambers. A power source control circuit board and a tail gas filtering and exhausting device are arranged in the box body. The smell interference simulation device is formed by three rotary disks, a needle piercing component which is driven by a suction type electromagnet, and a four-way time relay. The training method utilizing the mouse smell training detector and the smell interference simulation device has the advantages of being efficient in automatic training, and stable and controllable in working states. The mouse smell training detector is high in credibility of the detection result index, is strong in application value and low in training cost after being matched with the smell interference simulation device to carry out anti-interference training, and can further improve smell detection efficiency on the condition of reducing labor cost and time cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mouse smell training detector and smell interference simulation device and training method.
Background technology
Mouse has sensitive sense of smell and better learning ability, through training, obtains water thereby the mouse of thirsty water can produce the operant response of touching switch to specific scent, namely sets up the reaction of sense of smell operant conditioning.Existing reported in literature single mouse study of automatic training smell is made the research method of operant response, the mouse that is placed in the thirsty water in the operating condition training box needs initiatively head to be probeed in the hole of front in the case, and maintenance certain hour, to trigger presenting of smell, mouse is visited this smell and selects to lick feed pipe or head is withdrawn in the case by smelling then.This method be only applicable in the laboratory research mouse to the study of smell, ability such as remember, distinguish; And can not satisfy the requirement that actual smell is surveyed, presenting of smell is not by being determined by the instruction animal in the reality; In addition, the reaction of single mouse is subjected to multiple factor affecting, and confidence level is lower, and the mouse quantity that the needs increase is worked simultaneously is to increase the confidence level of smell result of detection.Other has research report training vole locate (detect) amine, and its method is similar to the training to the dog class, the artificial training of same highly dependence.Another correlative study is adopted between a plurality of smells site of rat in special device of computer control training and is surveyed various prohibited items smells, the back leg caution of standing, and this method also only limits to laboratory research.Also there is not automation to train many mouse to survey equipment and the method for smell simultaneously at present both at home and abroad.
The dangerous goods that the application demand that smell is surveyed relates in the social public security are surveyed disease early diagnosis etc.; And for basic research, sense of smell is the advantage sense organ of many animals, and smell is learnt, remembered and distinguishes that relevant establishing of new experimental technique helps going deep into of research work.At present smell is surveyed is operated in and mainly still relies on police dog in the biological means and carry out, and train the human and material resources of a police dog and time cost all than higher, the dog class also exists and highly relies on its trainer in the process of executing the task, and is easy to fatigue problem such as refusal work then.Comparatively speaking, mouse has the sense of smell ability suitable with the dog class, and the cost of training mouse is much lower, and as lower etc. animal, the demand of mouse behind the thirsty water is simply direct, duty is stable and controllable more, adapts to the training process of automation fully, can further improve the efficient that smell is surveyed under the condition of reduction manpower and time cost.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of mouse smell training detector and smell interference simulation device and training method, it is low to have a training cost, and stable working state is controlled, can further improve the efficient that smell is surveyed under the condition of reduction manpower and time cost.
Constituting of mouse smell training detector of the present invention a: box typed structure, casing is divided into four partly, mix diffusion space, mouse training position, waterworks position namely for device of air position, smell, mouse training place compartment is divided into five training compartments; There is an interlayer bottom in four parts of casing, interlayer built-in power and control circuit board, tail gas filtering and exhaust apparatus; Comprise the active carbon sponge that enters air-flow for filtration to device of air, active carbon sponge one is sidelong and puts to the gas support, be equipped with power supply and control circuit board for the device of air bottom, four fans that are used for extracting air are arranged for the device of air front end, the stage casing has two to be used for accepting air-flow and to mix and spread by the fan of instruction smell, constitutes for the quiet magnetic valve of gas by fixed support, the sample bottle that is contained in the Sheng smell solution on the fixed support, the air pump that is connected with sample bottle and control for the gas support; Facade is ventilative fence before the training compartment, dividing plate the upper half is ventilative fence, half covers down, facade has the exhaust driven gas turbine fan behind the training compartment, facade is equipped with capacitive approach switch, admission port behind the training compartment, the admission port connects the quiet magnetic valve of feedwater, the quiet magnetic valve that feeds water connects feed pipe and water-storage pot, and the enforcement of training and detection is all by procedure auto-control.
Mouse training and detection method: the mouse behind the thirsty water, per five one group is carried out the training of smell operant conditioning simultaneously, and training divided for six steps finished: 1) switch training: mouse whenever touches inductive switch one time in booth separately, then obtain water one time; 2) study smell: in the training space not timing present the target smell, only just can obtain water when mouse touches inductive switch when the target smell occurs; 3) learning manipulation: when feedwater appeared at the end of target smell, the mouse of how much depending on that gets the water yield touched the number of times of inductive switch in the several seconds that the target smell presents; 4) constrained learning: when feedwater appears at the end of target smell, the water yield how much depend on that mouse touches the frequency of inductive switch in the target smell phase and difference of frequency average and the ratio of intermittent phase frequency standard difference in intermittent phase of 60 seconds before it, be that the intermittent phase frequency is more low and target smell phase frequency is more high, it is more many then to get water; 5) the plurality of target smell is surveyed training: take turns one and alternately present plurality of target smell and contrast smell in the training: 6) anti-interference training: cooperate and disturb smell emulation to present the detection that device carries out the target smell.When smell is surveyed, select training mouse up to standard for use, then will repeatedly touch inductive switch after mouse smells the target smell, the situation that program is touched the real-time statistics inductive switch then will be reported to the police when frequency surpasses the twice standard deviation of touching the frequency average.
The present invention has efficient, the controlled advantage of stable working state of automation training compared with the prior art, the result of detection index is with a high credibility, after cooperating interference smell simulator to carry out anti-interference training, but using value is strong, the training cost is low, can further improve the efficient that smell is surveyed under the condition of reduction manpower and time cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is mouse Odor detector overall schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the mouse Odor detector is given gas part and circuit part detailed schematic.
Fig. 3 is that the mouse Odor detector is given gas supporting structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is mouse Odor detector training compartment and feedwater part detailed schematic.
Fig. 5 is mouse Odor detector circuit connection diagram; A, near the connected mode schematic diagram of switch input signal and computer parallel port stitch; The connected mode schematic diagram of b, computer parallel port stitch control magnetic valve.
Fig. 6 is smell interference simulation apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention (overlooking).
Fig. 7 is elevational schematic view under the smell interference simulation device of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is smell interference simulation device core component schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Among Fig. 1: a-give the device of air position, b-smell mixes diffusion space, c-mouse training place compartment, d-waterworks position, e-power supply and control circuit board position, f-be empty, g-tail gas filtering and exhaust apparatus position.
Among Fig. 2: 1-placement active carbon sponge, the space of gas support is given in 2-placement, 3-power supply and control circuit board position (being position shown in the e among Fig. 1), 4-two stage casing fans, 5-four front end fans, 6-general supply interface, 7-total power switch and force 3 wind fan power switch, the 8-parallel port line interface that is connected with computer.
Among Fig. 3: the quiet magnetic valve of gas is given in 21-control, the sample bottle of 22-Sheng smell solution, 23-air pump, 24-fixed support.
Among Fig. 4: among Fig. 3: C1-preceding facade fence of breathing freely, C2-dividing plate, C3-rear end exhaust driven gas turbine fan, C4-capacitive approach switch, C5-admission port, the C6-quiet magnetic valve that feeds water, C7-feedwater tube connector, C8-water-storage pot.
Among Fig. 5: a:R-1M Europe resistance, T-9013 triode, N-computer parallel port input signal stitch, K-capacitive approach switch signal end; B:M-magnetic valve, T-9013 triode, O-computer parallel port output signal stitch.
Among Fig. 6-7: a-shell, b-rotating disk, c-reducing motor, d-headspace sample bottle, e-12V power supply adaptor, f-four road time relays, g-acrylic support plate, h-plunger electromagnet, i-syringe needle, the j-wireway, 1-wireway exit, 2-220V electric source line interface, 3-four road time relay guidance panels, 4-four road time relay power switches, the 5-12V power interface.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, constituting of mouse smell training detector of the present invention a: box typed structure, casing is divided into four partly, mix diffusion space b, mouse training place compartment c, waterworks position d for filtering the space, the smell that enter air-flow namely for device of air position a, mouse training place compartment is divided into five and trains compartments; There is an interlayer bottom in four parts of casing, interlayer built-in power and control circuit board, tail gas filtering and exhaust apparatus, i.e. power supply and control circuit board position e and tail gas filtering and exhaust apparatus position g.
As shown in Figure 2, comprise the active carbon sponge 1 that enters air-flow for filtration to device of air, multilayer active carbon sponge is arranged in the fumer, active carbon sponge one is sidelong and puts to the gas support, be equipped with power supply and control circuit board 3 for the device of air bottom, four fans 5 that are used for extracting air are arranged for the device of air front end, the stage casing has two to be used for accepting air-flow and to mix and spread by the fan 4 of instruction smell.Four fans of the part of bleeding by front end, two fans in stage casing, and three grades of formations of turbofan of linking to each other with fumer of each booth rear end, front end fan wind-force maximum, take second place in the rear end, the centre a little less than, can guarantee that like this air-flow that is filtered can be full of the training space fully good smell signal to noise ratio is provided, and air-flow is not filtered the undue choked flow of sponge; In addition, the cover plate of middle smell diffusion chamber both sides can take off flexibly, and this is convenient to put into various interference smells to strengthen mouse to the specificity of target odor response in the training later stage.
As shown in Figure 3, constitute for the quiet magnetic valve 21 of six couples of gas by fixed support 24, the sample bottle 22 that is contained in the Sheng smell solution on the fixed support, the air pump 23 that is connected with sample bottle and control for the gas support.First is truncated into the black acrylic board of training between the compartment paliform fluting and is conducive to smell and evenly spreads, and following half covers mutually avoids the mouse training to be subjected to the influence of companion's behavior; Facade is the mouse guidance panel behind each compartment, comprises the inductive switch of an admission port and its top.
As shown in Figure 4, facade is ventilative fence C1 before the training compartment, dividing plate C2 the upper half is ventilative fence, half covers down, facade has exhaust driven gas turbine fan C3 behind the training compartment, facade is equipped with capacitive approach switch C4, admission port C5 behind the training compartment, the admission port connects the quiet magnetic valve C6 of feedwater, and the quiet magnetic valve that feeds water connects feed pipe C7 and water-storage pot C8, and the enforcement of training and detection is all by procedure auto-control.Give water section by the uncovered water-storage pot in top with formed by five quiet magnetic valves that water pipe is connected with it, other has a quiet magnetic valve that does not connect water pipe to be placed between five water-suppling electromagnetic valves, be called the deceptive movement water valve, effect be the not timing of when training open valve close valve make with give gas water-suppling electromagnetic valve same degree but irrelevant sound of movement, with eliminate mouse according to the faint sound of movement of giving gas or water-suppling electromagnetic valve react may.
As shown in Figure 5, be mouse Odor detector circuit connecting mode, near the connected mode of switch input signal and computer parallel port stitch shown in figure a; The connected mode of computer parallel port stitch control magnetic valve is shown as the figure b of institute.12V10A Switching Power Supply and 24V10A Switching Power Supply are connected in parallel on the 220V power supply, share a switch; Each 12V electrical appliance is connected in parallel on the 12V power supply, and each 24V electrical appliance is connected in parallel on the 24V power supply.
Shown in Fig. 6-7, smell interference simulation device of the present invention is by three rotating disk b, and the syringe needle i of a plunger electromagnet h driving thrusts parts, and four road time relay f form; Each center of turntable is fixed on the reducing motor c that is positioned at its center, and disk edge is equidistantly fixed a plurality of headspace sample bottle d, and a small amount of different common interference smell article are housed in each bottle; Each rotating disk is controlled the time of changeing and stopping respectively by a road of four road time relays, and sample bottle is with dial rotation.The spring-supported iron core of plunger electromagnet band upwards is positioned in the middle of three rotating disks, acrylic board g of its upper fixed, and this plate will suck iron core with the plunger electromagnet energising and press down; Three three fixed needle i that aim at a head space bottle position of bottleneck of three rotating disks are respectively arranged on the plate, when being the electromagnet no power, the syringe needle height just in time is suspended in the sample bottle top, thrusting when syringe needle presses down with acrylic board during the electromagnet energising can in the bottle, the bonding thin wireway j in syringe needle rear end, the three tunnel merge the back single channel picks out; The power on/off of electromagnet is controlled by the time relay, and four road time relays are the power on/off on each road of loop control separately.When electromagnet energising was arranged on three rotating disk tranquillization, three each angles of rotating of rotating disk just in time can make sample bottle get final product under being positioned at syringe needle.During anti-interference training, countermeasure set is picked out wireway be connected with air pump bleeding point in mouse smell (training) detector, open interference power and switch then.
Mouse training and detection method: the mouse behind the thirsty water, per five one group is carried out the training of smell operant conditioning simultaneously, and training divided for six steps finished: 1) switch training: mouse whenever touches inductive switch one time in booth separately, then obtain water one time; 2) study smell: in the training space not timing present the target smell, only just can obtain water when mouse touches inductive switch when the target smell occurs; 3) learning manipulation: when feedwater appeared at the end of target smell, the mouse of how much depending on that gets the water yield touched the number of times of inductive switch in the several seconds that the target smell presents; 4) constrained learning: when feedwater appears at the end of target smell, the water yield how much depend on that mouse touches the frequency of inductive switch in the target smell phase and difference of frequency average and the ratio of intermittent phase frequency standard difference in intermittent phase of 60 seconds before it, be that the intermittent phase frequency is more low and target smell phase frequency is more high, it is more many then to get water; 5) the plurality of target smell is surveyed training: take turns one and alternately present plurality of target smell and contrast smell in the training: 6) anti-interference training: cooperate and disturb smell emulation to present the detection that device carries out the target smell.When smell is surveyed, select training mouse up to standard for use, then will repeatedly touch inductive switch after mouse smells the target smell, the situation that program is touched the real-time statistics inductive switch then will be reported to the police when frequency surpasses the twice standard deviation of touching the frequency average.
Claims (3)
1. a mouse smell is trained detector, it is characterized in that it constitutes: a box typed structure, casing is divided into four partly, mix diffusion space, mouse training position, waterworks position namely for device of air position, smell, mouse training place compartment is divided into five training compartments; There is an interlayer bottom in four parts of casing, interlayer built-in power and control circuit board, tail gas filtering and exhaust apparatus; Comprise the active carbon sponge that enters air-flow for filtration to device of air, active carbon sponge one is sidelong and puts to the gas support, be equipped with power supply and control circuit board for the device of air bottom, four fans that are used for extracting air are arranged for the device of air front end, the stage casing has two to be used for accepting air-flow and to mix and spread by the fan of instruction smell, constitutes for the quiet magnetic valve of gas by fixed support, the sample bottle that is contained in the Sheng smell solution on the fixed support, the air pump that is connected with sample bottle and control for the gas support; Facade is ventilative fence before the training compartment, dividing plate the upper half is ventilative fence, half covers down, facade has the exhaust driven gas turbine fan behind the training compartment, facade is equipped with capacitive approach switch, admission port behind the training compartment, the admission port connects the quiet magnetic valve of feedwater, and the quiet magnetic valve that feeds water connects feed pipe and water-storage pot.
2. smell interference simulation device during a mouse smell training is surveyed is characterized in that smell interference simulation device by three rotating disks, and the syringe needle of a plunger electromagnet driving thrusts parts, and four road time relays are formed; Each center of turntable is fixed on the reducing motor that is positioned at its center, and disk edge is equidistantly fixed a plurality of headspace sample bottles, and a small amount of different common interference smell article are housed in each bottle; Each rotating disk is controlled the time of changeing and stopping respectively by a road of the time relay, and the spring-supported iron core of plunger electromagnet band upwards is positioned in the middle of three rotating disks, acrylic board of its upper fixed, and this plate will suck iron core with the electromagnet energising and press down; Three three fixed needles aiming at a head space bottle position of bottleneck of three rotating disks are respectively arranged on the plate, when being the electromagnet no power, the syringe needle height just in time is suspended in the sample bottle top, thrusting when syringe needle presses down with acrylic board during the electromagnet energising can in the bottle, the bonding thin wireway in syringe needle rear end, three tunnel thin wireways merge the back single channel and pick out; The power on/off of electromagnet is controlled by the time relay, and four road time relays are the power on/off on each road of loop control separately; When the electromagnet energising was arranged on three rotating disk tranquillization, three each angles of rotating of rotating disk just in time can make sample bottle be positioned under the syringe needle.
3. train the training method of smell interference simulation device in detectors and the mouse smell training detection with claim 1 and 2 described mouse smells, it is characterized in that the mouse behind the thirsty water, per five one group is carried out the training of smell operant conditioning simultaneously, and training divided for six steps finished:
1) switch training: mouse whenever touches capacitive approach switch one time in booth separately, then obtain water one time;
2) study smell: in the training space not timing present the target smell, only just can obtain water when mouse touches capacitive approach switch when the target smell occurs;
3) learning manipulation: when feedwater appeared at the end of target smell, the mouse of how much depending on that gets the water yield touched the number of times of capacitive approach switch in the several seconds that the target smell presents;
4) constrained learning: when feedwater appears at the end of target smell, the water yield how much depend on that mouse touches the frequency of capacitive approach switch in the target smell phase and difference of frequency average and the ratio of intermittent phase frequency standard difference in intermittent phase of 60 seconds before it, be that the intermittent phase frequency is more low and target smell phase frequency is more high, it is more many then to get water;
5) the plurality of target smell is surveyed training: take turns one and alternately present plurality of target smell and contrast smell in the training:
6) anti-interference training: cooperate and disturb smell emulation to present the detection that device carries out the target smell, when smell is surveyed, select training mouse up to standard for use, after smelling the target smell, mouse then will repeatedly touch capacitive approach switch, the situation that program is touched the real-time statistics inductive switch then will be reported to the police when frequency surpasses the twice standard deviation of touching the frequency average.
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| CN107144668A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-08 | 江南大学 | Mouse household harmful gas detector and its training method |
| CN107787872A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-03-13 | 沈阳医学院 | Rodent Spatial memory training system |
| CN107980656A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-05-04 | 沈阳医学院 | Learning memory device for the animal training removal of mines |
| CN108207695A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-06-29 | 沈阳医学院 | Animal searches poison with simulation container and searches quick-fried training device |
| CN108665768A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-16 | 江苏苏威尔科技有限公司 | A kind of tester of influence of the research abiotic factor to pillworm |
| CZ307635B6 (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-01-23 | Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze | Training equipment, especially for training rattus norvegicus rats to compare human odors |
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| CN113345293A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-09-03 | 朱元超 | Movable ruins search and rescue training environment simulation system and using method thereof |
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