CN103249912A - A method of sorting ore - Google Patents
A method of sorting ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN103249912A CN103249912A CN2011800576379A CN201180057637A CN103249912A CN 103249912 A CN103249912 A CN 103249912A CN 2011800576379 A CN2011800576379 A CN 2011800576379A CN 201180057637 A CN201180057637 A CN 201180057637A CN 103249912 A CN103249912 A CN 103249912A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 150
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 123
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/26—Methods of surface mining; Layouts therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
A method of sorting a mined material and/or a stockpiled material comprises processing the material in a plurality of steps that includes a dry sorting step and a wet concentration step and producing a fraction having a required particle size range and a required grade.
Description
The present invention relates to choose the raw material of having exploited.
The present invention be more particularly directed to the exploitation raw material of---but never being limited to---iron ore (with the iron ore that stores) form, and in the hereinafter description of this paper.Yet the present invention also expands to other raw material of exploitation and the storage of raw materials that contain valuable constituent.Described valuable constituent can be metal, for example nickel and copper.Described valuable constituent also can be non-raw metal, for example matchmaker.
Knownly from the lump ore from the ore deposit bench, exploit iron ore.Usually, in this traditional mining, the piece of ore is very big, for example 40m length * 20m dark * the 10m height, and contain 8000 tons of ores.Usually, the part of ore deposit bench be by chemical analysis on this part in a series of borings obtained ore sample identify, in determine this ore based on quality on average be that (a) is high-grade, (b) inferior grade or (c) waste material.Between the high-grade and inferior grade cut apart and inferior grade and waste material between cut apart and depend on series of factors, can change with the different piece of different minerals and mineral.When finishing analysis, prepare the division exploiting field conceptual scheme of this part.This scheme is to determine the position of boring sample at the plan view of this part.(a) high-grade, (b) inferior grade or (c) zone of waste material determine by sample analysis (for example chemical analysis and/or mineral/material type abundance) and be labeled on the plan view that zones of different is separated in the boundary line of mark.Other factors, for example geologic(al) factor are also considered in the selection of boundary line.Described zone defines the lump of being exploited subsequently.Lump is blown with explosive, is sorted out and transports from mine.Handle ore in mine or outside the mine and depend on that the grade of every lump ore piece is definite.For example, ettle is as the mining filler, and low grade ore is stored or mixes with high-grade ore, and high-grade ore is further processed the formation sell goods as required.To the scope of the further processing of high-grade ore from simple fragmentation be sized to the size range of standard, to ore dressing or promote the iron ore quality and have the method for the product of the required specification of client with production.Described processing method can be wet method or dry method.
The major part of low grade ore is not used in mixing, but continues as storing ore.Therefore, the deposit of exploitated ore that is classified as low grade ore is in a large number arranged, though described ore is inferior grade, but still have potential important economic value.
International Application Serial No. PCT/AU2009/001364 (international open text WO2010/042994) with applicant's name has described the method that raw material (for example iron ore comprises the inferior grade iron ore) is exploited in a kind of selection, and this method comprises:
(a) raw material of determining certain volume to be exploited whether can promote quality and the raw material of exploiting the certain volume in the raw material exploiting the raw material of this certain volume or determine deposit whether can promote quality and
(b) after the suitable pulverizing (for example by broken and screening), dry separation is carried out in the raw material of exploitation or the storage of raw materials that are determined quality to be hoisted, produced the exploitation raw material of quality-improving.
The exploitation raw material of quality-improving can be to meet the product of the required specification of client or can be fit to further processing, for example mixes with other raw materials, meets the product of the required specification of client with production.
This international application has also been described and has been exploited the dry separation device that raw material or the storage of raw materials are chosen to what determine quality to be hoisted.
Disclosure in this international specification referred is included the application in by the mode of cross reference.
This international application determines that the method whether raw material can promote quality is very different, as discussed above with conventional mining methods, and described conventional method is based on carries out that quality is on average assessed and ore is categorized as high-grade, inferior grade or waste material lump.
Term in this international application (and the application) " can promote quality " and is interpreted as and mean the raw material exploited or the raw material of storage is to carry out the raw material that dry separation improves the actual or potential economic worth of raw material.
This international application has been described term " dry separation " and has been interpreted as and means to reaching the separation purpose, does not need to add any picking method of moisture.
Term " dry separation " is interpreted as same implication in this application, refers to separate any picking method that purpose does not need to add moisture for reaching.
The method and apparatus of in this international application, describing make can from exploit with the storage of raw materials such as iron ore recovery value, otherwise on average count based on quality as mentioned above, this has been exploited with the storage of raw materials may be classified into low-grade raw material or waste material.This particle in inferior grade raw material or waste material comprises one group of individual particles that is higher than threshold levels, also comprises in the situation of individual particles that another group is lower than threshold levels especially true.This method and apparatus also makes can be from recovery value such exploitation and the storage of raw materials such as the coal: this has been exploited with the storage of raw materials and has contained shale with silica dioxide granule or by separating other " impurity " particles of coal particle and " impurity " particle acquisition.Final result is to produce the product that meets the required specification of client.
Having described the dual intensity x-ray analysis in this international application is for determining to have exploited a kind of selection whether raw material can promote quality.The dual intensity x-ray analysis also described be a kind of selection that has been defined as to promote the feed particles of product raw material for dry separation in this international application.
Described with the International Application Serial No. PCT/AU2009/001179 (international open text WO2010/025528) of applicant's name and to be used for the method and apparatus that the dual intensity x-ray analysis has been exploited raw material.In this application, term " dual intensity x-ray analysis " is interpreted as the analysis that means the deal with data that detects based on the X-ray that the full depth that passes through each particle that obtains is conducted under different photon energies.Such processing can make non-compositional factors that the influence of monitored data is minimized, and makes these data that the more clearly information of composition, type or form about raw material is provided.Disclosure in this international specification referred is included the application in by the mode of cross reference.
This application people has exploited the method and apparatus of raw material or the storage of raw materials and has been used for the dual intensity x-ray analysis and exploited the method and apparatus of raw material or the storage of raw materials and carried out further R﹠D work the selection of putting down in writing in the above-mentioned international application that is used for.Particularly, the applicant is to having carried out further R﹠D work for the dried sorter of having exploited raw material or the storage of raw materials, this dried sorter uses dual intensity x-ray analysis to be higher than with the particle of assisting to determine to have exploited raw material or the storage of raw materials or is lower than threshold levels, determines to come the particle of dry separation raw material then based on this classification.
Foregoing description is in Australia or other local descriptions that can not be counted as common sense.
The applicant has recognized the combination of dry separation and wet separation (wet concentration) step, randomly in conjunction with pulverising step and size separation step, can combine with the fraction (fraction) that production has desired particle size range and required grade promoting the quality of having exploited raw material and the storage of raw materials effectively.Particularly, the applicant has recognized and exists between an ore deposit or a plurality of ore deposit under grade differential and the situation for the needs of the ore that obtains to have the product hierarchy mixing separate sources that the desired particle size that meets client's specification distributes that the binding energy of dry separation and wet separation provides sizable flexibility to extraction operation.The applicant also recognizes the combination of dry separation and wet separation, for example, and for from the exploitated ore of traditional extraction operation or store ore and for being assessed as " can promote quality " exploitated ore and to store ore be useful.
Term among the application " wet separation " can be regarded as any selected step that needs to add water.
The invention provides selection and exploited the method for raw material and/or the storage of raw materials, this method is included in processes described raw material and produces the fraction with desired particle size range and required grade in a plurality of steps, and described a plurality of steps comprise dry separation step and wet separation.
Term used herein " desired particle size range " can be the desired particle size range that meets client's specification.This desired particle size range can be the required particle size range of step that downstream procedure of processing or client implement.Under any circumstance, the required particle size range of client's specification depends on the requirement of exploiting raw material and one or more downstreams procedure of processing.With regard to steelmaker, one or more downstreams procedure of processing is included in and prepares sinter in the agglomerating plant and iron processed in the smelting furnace of blast furnace or its alloytype.Usually iron and steel is made purchase of customer " piece " shape iron ore and is directly used in the iron ore of blast furnace or " particulate " form for the charging of agglomerating plant with the production blast furnace.Usually, block iron ore is that particle size range is the iron ore of 6-32mm.Usually, the particulate iron ore is that the size range of most of particles is the iron ore of 1-6mm.It is random cutting apart that 6mm between bulk and the particulate is cut apart.Further for example, containing copper mine and containing in the situation of nickel minerals, one or more downstreams procedure of processing can comprise the flotation step that produces concentrate and the step of subsequently concentrate being smelted to produce matte (matte).In addition, just contain copper mine and contain with regard to the nickel minerals, the downstream procedure of processing can comprise proposes (or lixiviate of other types) to the dump leaching of ore.
It should be noted that " the required grade " mentioned at paragraph before must not mean described in described paragraph method and comprise direct measurement to grade.The present invention can expand to the method for directly measuring as other parameters of grade indication.These parameters comprise, for example, and bulk density.
Said method of the present invention comprises dry separation step and wet separation, and this dry separation step is used for the different ore materials flow of processing with wet separation, more specifically is to have the ore materials flow that different grain size distributes.Therefore, this method comprises the ore materials flow enforcement dry separation step with a kind of size distribution and the ore materials flow enforcement wet separation that another kind is had other size distribution.The ore materials flow that the present invention also expands to having given size distribution is used in combination dry separation step and wet separation, wherein ore charge stream is carried out the dry separation step after, next wet separation is carried out in the output materials flow from described dry separation step, vice versa.
This method can comprise a plurality of dry separation steps.
This method can comprise a plurality of wet separations.
This method can be included in processes the charging that is used for this method in the size separation step, obtain at least two kinds of fractions with different grain size scope, and handle described fraction respectively in a plurality of procedure of processings, and the procedure of processing that is used at least a fraction comprises the dry separation step.
This method can be included in processes the charging that is used for this method in the size separation step, obtain at least two kinds of fractions with different grain size scope, and handle described fraction respectively in a plurality of procedure of processings, and described procedure of processing comprises dry separation step and wet separation.
This method can be included in and process the charging that is used for this method in the size separation step, obtain at least two kinds of fractions with different grain size scope, and in a plurality of procedure of processings, handle described fraction respectively, the procedure of processing that is used at least a fraction comprises the dry separation step, and the procedure of processing that is used at least a fraction comprises wet separation.
This method can be included in the raw materials size of comparing excessive fraction with desired particle size range that reduces in the pulverising step from the size separation step, and the raw material that size reduces is carried back the size separation step.
A kind of selection of this method can be included in the size separation step and process raw material, and produces the fraction that has desired particle size range at least and the fraction of crossing coarsegrain.
This method can be included in to handle in the dry separation step has the fraction of desired particle size range, and produces the fraction with desired particle size range and required grade.
This method can be included in the fraction of handling in the wet separation from the size separation step of crossing coarsegrain, and produces wet fraction and another fraction with required grade.
This method can be included in other fractions of handling in the pulverising step from wet separation, and the size separation step is got back in the raw material conveying that size reduces.
Can comprise from other fractions of wet separation and can be broken down into more short grained particle, some particles wherein can have required grade but can not carry out selected in wet separation.Consider this point, the feature of above-mentioned selection is pulverising step for granularity still excessive raw material provides the chance that turns back to wet separation and handled again in this step, perhaps carries out the processor meeting for the raw material that has desired particle size range owing to pulverising step provides in the dry separation step.
This method can be included in handles the wet fraction with required grade in another pulverising step, and produces the fraction with desired particle size range and required grade.
Another selection of this method is included in the size separation step handles raw material, and produces the particulate fraction and have the fraction of larger particles in addition.
This method can be included in another size separation step to be handled other and has fraction than coarsegrain, and produces the fraction with desired particle size range and the fraction of crossing coarsegrain.
This method can be included in to handle in the dry separation step has the fraction of desired particle size range, and produces the fraction with desired particle size range and required grade.
Described another size separation step also can be produced the particulate fraction, the particulate fraction that this method can be included in another size separation step and to handle the particulate fraction, produce larger sized particulate fraction and smaller szie, larger sized particulate fraction is joined in the fraction with desired particle size range and required grade from the dry separation step.
This method can be included in the fraction of handling in the pulverising step from described another size separation step of crossing coarsegrain, and the size separation step is got back in the raw material conveying that size reduces.
This method can be included in the particulate fraction of handling in the wet separation from the size separation step, and production has the selected particulate fraction more high-grade than the average rank that is fed to the charging in the wet separation.
This method can be included in a series of size separation steps to be handled from the particulate fraction of size separation step and produces more than a kind of particulate fraction, and handles each particulate fraction and produce the more high-grade selected particulate raw material of average rank that has than expecting the charging to wet separation or the dry separation step in independent wet separation or dry separation step.
The feature of above-mentioned other selections of this method was that the fraction of coarsegrain is broken and turns back in the size separation step of producing particulate fraction and excessive granularity grades.Therefore, valuable raw material in this reprocessing raw material has captive chance, the particulate fraction that itself or conduct are handled in one or more wet separations is captured, and perhaps is captured as the fraction of handling in the dry separation step with desired particle size range.
This has exploited raw material can comprise raw ore raw material (as-mined material).
This has exploited raw material can comprise the raw material of having laid in of exploitation.
For instance, dry separation step can be used as from average count the storage of raw materials that is classified as inferior grade or waste material based on the conventional quality of raw material evaluation and returns the chance of receiving value.
As described herein, offer exploiting raw material and can comprising and be confirmed as to rise the raw material of putting forward quality of dry separation step.In the case, mining processes can comprise that the raw material for the treatment of exploitation or the on-hand inventory analysis of having exploited raw material determine whether this material can promote quality.This analysis can be included in before the exploitation raw material, for example from the lump of bulk raw to be exploited such as above-mentioned type, get a plurality of samples, as drill hole sampling, and analyze this sample, for example determine the grade of each sample, whether can promote quality to the ore in this big lump ore and make evaluation.This analysis also comprises gets a plurality of samples and analyzes this sample from the storage of raw materials, for example determine the grade of each sample, whether can promote quality to the raw material in this storage of raw materials and make evaluation.Required sample number depends on the factor that relates to particular mine to be exploited or treat the part of quarry under arbitrary given situation.
The dry separation step can use any suitable analytical technology to be identified for choosing the benchmark of feed particles processed in the selection step.
A kind of suitable analytical technology that is used for the dry separation step is the dual intensity x-ray analysis of particle, and it is described in above-mentioned International Application Serial No. PCT/AU2009/001179 by way of example.For instance, other analytical technologies for the dry separation step comprise XRF technology, radiation technique, electromagnetic technique, optical technology and photometric technique.The applicability of any one or more in these (and other) technology depends on the factor that relates to particular mine to be exploited or treat the part of quarry.
The dry separation step can based on as raw material individual particle grade directly measure or the analysis of indicative any parameter of measuring comes dry separation.
Raw material can be exploited by any suitable exploitation method and equipment.For example, can be by boring and explosion from the lump of mine, will be transported in the mine by exploitated ore and exploit raw material with truck and/or conveyer belt.Further for example, can move in the mine shaft bottom by the surface mining machine and exploit raw material, and transport from mine with truck and/or conveyer belt.
The exploitation raw material can be containing metal or non-metalliferous feed material.The ore that the example of metalliferous feed material has iron-stone and contains.The example of metalliferous feed material is not coal.
With regard to iron ore, desired particle size range can be the particle size range of " piece " shape iron ore or " particulate " iron ore.Usually, massive iron ore is that particle size range is the iron ore of 6-32mm.Usually, the particulate iron ore is that the size range of most of particles is the iron ore of 1-6mm.It is random cutting apart that 6mm between bulk and the particulate is cut apart.
With regard to copper-containing ore or nickel-containing ore, desired particle size range can be used to comprising that flotation step is to produce concentrate and subsequently concentrate to be produced the particle size range that the downstream of matte processes.Perhaps, desired particle size range can be used to comprising copper-containing ore or nickel-containing ore is carried out the particle size range that the downstream processing of (or lixiviate of other types) is proposed in dump leaching.
The present invention also provides a kind of selection to exploit the method for raw material and/or the storage of raw materials, this method comprises the size separation step, this step is produced at least two kinds of fractions with different grain size scope, and in a plurality of procedure of processings, handle this fraction respectively, produce the fraction that has desired particle size range and required grade separately, the procedure of processing that is used at least a fraction comprises the dry separation step, and the procedure of processing that is used at least a fraction comprises wet separation.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of choosing iron ore, this method comprises the size separation step, this step is produced at least two kinds of fractions, a kind of fraction has the required particle size range of massive iron ore, another kind of fraction has the required particle size range of particulate iron ore, and in a plurality of procedure of processings, handle these fractions respectively, and the procedure of processing that should be used for the massive iron ore fraction comprises the dry separation step, the procedure of processing that is used for particulate iron ore fraction comprises wet separation.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of choosing iron ore, this method comprises the size separation step, this step is produced at least two kinds of fractions with different grain size scope, in a plurality of procedure of processings, handle these fractions respectively, the procedure of processing that is used at least a fraction comprises the dry separation step, the procedure of processing that is used at least a fraction comprises wet separation and pulverising step, and produces the fraction with the required particle size range of massive iron ore and required grade.
The present invention also provides a kind of for example method of iron ore of raw material of exploiting, and comprising:
(a) exploitation raw material and
(b) raw material or the storage of raw materials have been exploited according to above-mentioned picking method selection.
Ore can be exploited by any suitable exploitation method and equipment.For example, can take from the lump of mine and will from mine, be transported and exploitated ore by exploitated ore with truck and/or conveyer belt by boring, explosion.Further for example, can move and exploitated ore in the mine shaft bottom by the surface mining machine, and transport from mine with truck and/or conveyer belt.
Further describe the present invention by way of example and with reference to accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the example that is used for the division exploiting field conceptual scheme of one section ore deposit bench in traditional mining processes, this figure be in the manual of International Application Serial No. PCT/AU2009/001364 Fig. 1 and
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are a series of flow charts for some (but being not limited to these) embodiments that sorting of ore method of the present invention is described.
Manual of the present invention is to be to be described under the situation of iron ore form at the exploitation raw material.It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to iron ore, but can expand to the raw material of exploitation that other contain valuable component.This valuable component can be metal.Coal is another kind of valuable component.
Fig. 1 is the division exploiting field conceptual scheme as the ore deposit bench 51 in the outdoors iron ore well exploitation of conventional ore deposit operation.This scheme has shown that a series of boring 53(that bore for collected specimens represent with right-angled intersection) the position.Sample analysis is determined the grade of ore in the sample.This conceptual scheme has also shown analysis result and has marked with a series of borders 55, border 55 has been divided into a series of districts 57 with this section, subregion be based in this district ore by sample analysis based on ore grade be confirmed as that (a) is high-grade, still (c) waste material of (b) inferior grade.There is shown six districts 57.In the drawings, high-grade district 57 is called as " HG ", and low-grade district is called as " LG ", and garbage area is called as " W ".Between the high-grade and inferior grade and depend on series of factors cutting apart between inferior grade and the waste material, can change with the different piece in different ore deposits and ore deposit.Respectively distinguishing of ore 57 makes and blows up with dynamite, sorts out in mine, and transports from mine.In mine and outside the mine, handle ore and depend on that the grade in each district is definite.For example, ettle is as the mining filler, and low grade ore is stored or mixes with high-grade ore, and high-grade ore is further processed the formation sell goods as required.Described processing can be wet method or dry method.
In traditional mining processes, low-grade lump is not mixed with other ore usually, but stores, and is not used in sale, has therefore represented a large amount of economic worth losses.Yet some or all lump and the stock of ore who has been classified as the previous exploitation of inferior grade raw material can be fit to promote quality according to the present invention, and for example handles with reference to the flow chart of Fig. 2-4, comprises dry separation.
As mentioned above, International Application Serial No. PCT/AU2009/001364 has described the alternative of exploitation raw material, it is based on evaluation ore to be exploited for iron ore and whether the ore of storage " can promote quality ", whether can promote the evaluation of quality based on many factors to ore.These factors comprise whether this ore particles can be chosen into the particle materials flow that is higher than or is lower than threshold levels.The ore that can promote quality comprises the ore that contains the individual particles that is higher than threshold levels and be lower than the individual particles of threshold levels.Described evaluation can comprise that the pulverizing of assessing ore can become ore separation the degree of this class individual particles.The ore that contains finely divided iron in the whole particle can not promote quality usually.
The present invention includes the use dry-dressing machine, particularly (but never only limiting to) can handle the ore of the ore to be exploited of " can promote quality " or storage otherwise described ore will be classified as the dry-dressing machine of low grade ore based on traditional mining method.The present invention also comprises use wet ore separators (concentrator), for example weight in wet base power ore separators and wet magnetic separator.The applicant has found the combination of dry separation and wet separation, and---and in conjunction with pulverising step and size separation step---can provide sizable flexibility for mining processes, produces the product of a series of clients of having required specification, particularly granularity and grade.
Fig. 2 and 3 flow chart have been transported to primary crusher 3 and have been described under the broken background this crushing machine at ore from mine.Should notice that the present invention also can expand to ore and carry out situation broken and selection in mine.Should also be noted that the present invention also can expand to described ore for storing the situation of ore.Described ore can be ore or the traditional ore of exploiting that is be evaluated as " can promote quality ".
Fig. 2 and embodiment shown in Figure 3 be a large amount of possible for the treatment of exploitated ore the dry separation step and two examples in the combination of wet separation.In Fig. 2 and each embodiment shown in Figure 3, the dry separation step is used for handling different ore materials flows respectively with wet separation, more specifically, has the ore materials flow of different size distribution.The ore materials flow that the present invention can also expand to having given size distribution is used in combination dry separation step and wet separation, wherein ore charge stream is carried out the dry separation step after, next wet separation is carried out in the output materials flow from the dry separation step, vice versa.
With reference to Fig. 2, from primary crusher 3 enter scalping screen 5 through breaking ores, for example, be the form of vibrosieve, scalping screen 5 based on granularity ore is divided into+the excessive granularity grades of 75mm and-the too small granularity grades of 75mm.
Excessive granularity grades from scalping screen 5 is transported to intermediate crusher 7, after pulverizing in this crushing machine, is transported in the materials flow of primary crusher 3.
Being transported to the scalping screen 9 in downstream from the too small granularity grades of scalping screen 53, for example is the form of vibrosieve, scalping screen 9 based on granularity with ore be divided into 32-75mm excessive granularity grades and-fraction of the another kind of size of 32mm.
From scalping screen 9-32mm size fraction is transported to the product sieve 11 in downstream, for example be the form of vibrosieve, product sieves 11 and ore is divided into-the particulate fraction of 8mm and the product fraction of 8-32mm based on granularity.
Product fraction from product sieve 11 is the product fraction with regard to size distribution at least.Should understand " the product fraction " of indication among the application self is not that this fraction of expression is the form that is fit to client's specification.
Be transported to the dry type ore deposit from the product fraction of product sieve 11 and select machine 15, particle namely is chosen into two kinds of materials flows based on the ore grade of particle average the composition.Machine is selected in separator 15(and other ore deposits that describe below) can be the separator of determining the grade of ore with dual-energy x-ray analytical technology or other suitable analytical technologies.The present invention can extend to the dry-dressing machine that uses other types.A kind of fraction of selecting machine 15 from the ore deposit---is called " piece " in the drawings---and comprises the ore that concentration of iron is higher than threshold value ore grade (for example 63 weight % iron).This fraction is required product fraction with regard to size distribution and component, but but and has formed sell goods or can mix to produce the product of sell goods with other ore materials flows.Another kind of select the fraction of machine 15---to be called " waste residue " in the drawings---from the ore deposit to comprise the ore that concentration of iron is lower than threshold value ore grade (for example 63 weight % iron).This fraction is transported to storage place, for example is used as land fill.It should be noted that the threshold value ore grade can be any suitable grade, the present invention is not limited to 63 weight % iron.
From the excessive granularity grades of scalping screen 9, namely the 32-75mm fraction is transported to wet ore separators 13, and wet ore separators 13 is produced has concentrate fraction and the mine tailing fraction of required product hierarchy.Required product hierarchy can be any suitable grade.
Mine tailing fraction from wet ore separators 13 is transported to intermediate crusher 7, after pulverizing in this crushing machine, is transported in the materials flow of primary crusher 3.
Dewatering from the concentrate fraction of wet ore separators 13 is delivered to intermediate crusher 17 then, is broken into the product that size distribution is 8-32mm.Output from crushing machine 17 is the product fraction with desired particle size distribution and grade.
With reference to Fig. 3, between the flow chart among Fig. 3 and the flow chart among Fig. 2 very big similitude is arranged, therefore use identical label to describe identical feature.
From primary crusher 3 enter scalping screen 5 through breaking ores, for example, be the form of vibrosieve, scalping screen 5 based on granularity ore is divided into+the excessive granularity grades of 75mm and-the too small granularity grades of 75mm.
Excessive granularity grades from scalping screen 5 is transported to intermediate crusher 7, after pulverizing in this crushing machine, is transported in the materials flow of primary crusher 3.
Being transported to the scalping screen 9 in downstream from the too small granularity grades of scalping screen 53, for example is the form of vibrosieve, scalping screen 9 based on granularity with ore be divided into 8-75mm excessive granularity grades and-the too small granularity grades of 8mm.
Too small granularity grades from scalping screen 9 is the particulate materials flow, and it is transferred for further size separation and is used for the wet process of each size fraction.
More specifically, be transported to particulate sieve 19 from this particulate materials flow of scalping screen 9, be divided into-fraction of 1mm and the fraction of 1-8mm.
The fraction of-1mm is transported to particle separator 21, and for example cyclone hydraulic separators is divided into the materials flow of ultra-fine materials flow and 0.1-1mm.
The fraction of 1-8mm and the fraction of 0.1-1mm are delivered to wet ore separators 23 and 25 respectively as independent materials flow, promote quality in this ore separators.Form from the concentrate that promotes quality of wet ore separators 23 and 25 and to have that the desired particle size that meets client's specification distributes and the particulate product of grade.
Excessive granularity grades from scalping screen 9 is transported to product sieve 19, for example is the form of vibrosieve.Product sieve 19 is divided into ore based on granularity the product fraction of excessive granularity grades and the 8-32mm of 32-75mm.
Excessive granularity grades from product sieve 19 is transported to intermediate crusher 7, after pulverizing in this crushing machine, is transported in the materials flow of primary crusher 3.
Product fraction from product sieve 19 is transported to product sieve 21, for example is the form of vibrosieve.Product sieve 21 based on granularity with ore be divided into 8-32mm the product fraction and-the particulate fraction of 8mm.
Particulate fraction from product sieve 21 is transported to particulate sieve 19.
Be transported to the dry type ore deposit from the product fraction of product sieve 21 and select machine 15, particle is based on the ore grade of particle, namely average composition is chosen into two kinds of fractions.Machine is selected in separator 15(and other ore deposits that describe below) can be to determine the separator of ore grade with dual-energy x-ray analytical technology or any other suitable analytical technology by direct mensuration or by measuring the parameter of indicating grade.Described in the embodiment of Fig. 2, the present invention can extend to the dry-dressing machine that uses other types as above.A kind of fraction of selecting machine 15 from the ore deposit---is called " piece " in the drawings---and comprises the ore that concentration of iron is higher than threshold value ore grade (for example 63 weight % iron).This fraction is required product materials flow with regard to size distribution and component, but but and has formed sell goods or can mix to produce the product of sell goods with other ore materials flows.Another kind of select the fraction of machine 15---to be called " waste residue " in the drawings---from the ore deposit to comprise the ore that concentration of iron is lower than threshold value ore grade (for example 63 weight % iron).This fraction is transported to storage place, for example is used as land fill.
Above-mentioned embodiment is the example according to a plurality of possible embodiment for sorting of ore of the present invention.Each embodiment has specific feature, and this feature can be according to the requirement of specific mining processes but be suitable.The present invention can extend to other combinations of very large-scale pulverizing and dry separation and wet separation.
Can under the prerequisite that does not deviate from purport of the present invention and scope, carry out many improvement to embodiment of the present invention of describing among above-mentioned Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
For instance, use scalping screen and product sieve in the flow chart although described embodiment is included in, these sieves can be any suitable sieves, and required in addition size separation can obtain by any suitable method, is not limited to use sieve.
In addition, although described embodiment relates to the fraction of specific dimensions, the invention is not restricted to this, but expand to the fraction that ore is divided into any suitable size, be used for the needs in specific ore deposit and mining processes and market, downstream.Particularly, should note the invention is not restricted to the product size fraction of the 8-32mm that in described embodiment, describes.
In addition, although described embodiment relates to the threshold levels of specific 63 weight % iron, the threshold value ore grade can be any suitable grade, the invention is not restricted to 63 weight % iron.
In addition, although described embodiment relates to the use crushing machine, the invention is not restricted to this, but can expand to any suitable equipment for reducing raw material granularity.
Claims (30)
1. the method for raw material and/or the storage of raw materials is exploited in selection, and this method is included in handles described raw material in a plurality of steps that comprise dry separation step and wet separation, and produces the fraction with desired particle size range and required grade.
2. the method for claim 1, be included in the size separation step and handle charging, this size separation step is produced at least two kinds of fractions with different grain size scope, and handles described fraction in a plurality of procedure of processings respectively, and described procedure of processing comprises dry separation step and wet separation.
3. the method for claim 1, be included in the size separation step and handle charging, this size separation step is produced at least two kinds of fractions with different grain size scope, and in a plurality of procedure of processings, handle described fraction respectively, the procedure of processing that is used at least a described fraction comprises the dry separation step, and the procedure of processing that is used at least a described fraction comprises wet separation.
4. claim 2 or 3 method are included in the size separation step and handle charging, and produce have desired particle size range at least fraction with the particle size range of comparing required product the fraction of coarsegrain.
5. the method for claim 4 is included in the raw materials size that reduces excessive granularity grades in the pulverising step, and the raw material that will reduce size is carried back the size separation step.
6. claim 4 or 5 method are included in to handle in the dry separation step and have the fraction of desired particle size range, and produce the fraction with desired particle size range and required grade.
7. each method in the claim 4 to 6 is included in the wet separation and handles from the excessive granularity grades in the size separation step, and produces wet fraction and the another kind of fraction with required grade.
8. the method for claim 7 is included in the pulverising step and handles from the described another kind of fraction in the wet separation, and the raw material that will reduce size is carried back the size separation step.
9. claim 7 or 8 method are included in and handle the wet fraction with required grade in another pulverising step, and produce the fraction with desired particle size range and required grade.
10. claim 2 or 3 method are included in the size separation step and handle raw material, and produce the particulate fraction and another kind ofly have a fraction of larger particle.
11. the method for claim 10 is included in another size separation step and handles described another kind and have the more fraction of coarsegrain, and produces fraction and the excessive granularity grades with desired particle size range.
12. the method for claim 11 is included in the dry separation step to handle and has the fraction of desired particle size range, and produces the fraction with desired particle size range and required grade.
13. the method for claim 11 or 12, wherein said another size separation step is produced the particulate fraction, this method is included in and handles the particulate fraction in another size separation step, produce the particulate fraction of larger sized particulate fraction and smaller szie, and described larger sized particulate fraction is joined in the fraction with desired particle size range and required grade from the dry separation step.
14. each method in the claim 11 to 13 is included in the pulverising step the excessive granularity grades of handling from described another size separation step, and the raw material that will reduce size is carried back the size separation step.
15. each method in the claim 10 to 14 be included in the particulate fraction of handling in the wet separation from the size separation step, and production has the selected particulate fraction more high-grade than the average rank that enters into the wet separation charging.
16. each method in the claim 10 to 15, be included in the particulate fraction of handling in a series of size separation steps from described size separation step, production is more than a kind of particulate fraction, in independent wet separation or dry separation step, handle each particulate fraction, and production have the selected particulate raw material more high-grade than the average rank that enters into wet separation or the charging of dry separation step.
17. each method in the aforementioned claim is wherein exploited raw material and is comprised the raw ore raw material.
18. each method in the aforementioned claim is wherein exploited raw material and is comprised the exploitation raw material that has stored.
19. each method in the aforementioned claim, the exploitation raw material that wherein is supplied to the dry separation step comprises the raw material that is defined as promoting quality as herein defined.
20. each method in the aforementioned claim, wherein dry separation step comprise in dual intensity x-ray analysis technology, x-ray fluorescence technology, radiation technique, electromagnetic technique, optical technology and the photometric technique any one or more than a kind of.
21. each method in the aforementioned claim, wherein exploiting raw material is iron ore, and desired particle size range is the particle size range of " bulk " iron ore.
22. the method for claim 21, wherein massive iron ore is that particle size range is the iron ore of 6-32mm.
23. each method in the claim 1 to 20, wherein exploiting raw material is iron ore, and desired particle size range is the particle size range of " acinous " iron ore.
24. the method for claim 23, wherein the acinous iron ore is that the size range of most of particle is the iron ore of 1-6mm.
25. each method in the claim 1 to 20, wherein exploiting raw material is copper-containing ore or nickel-containing ore, desired particle size range is for being used for the particle size range of downstream processing, and the processing of described downstream comprises that flotation step is to produce concentrate and subsequently concentrate to be smelted to produce matte.
26. each method in the claim 1 to 20, wherein exploiting raw material is copper-containing ore or nickel-containing ore, and desired particle size range carries out the particle size range that the downstream processing of (or lixiviate of other types) is proposed in dump leaching for being used for comprising to copper-containing ore or nickel-containing ore.
27. the method for selection exploitation raw material and/or the storage of raw materials, this method comprises that at least two kinds of productions have the size separation step of the fraction of different grain size scope, in a plurality of procedure of processings, handle described fraction respectively, and produce the fraction that has desired particle size range and required grade separately, the procedure of processing that is used at least a described fraction comprises the dry separation step, and the procedure of processing that is used at least a described fraction comprises wet separation.
28. the method for selection iron ore, this method comprises the size separation step of at least two kinds of fractions of production, a kind of fraction has the required particle size range of massive iron ore, another kind of fraction has the required size distribution of particulate iron ore, and in a plurality of procedure of processings, handle described fraction respectively, the procedure of processing that is used for the massive iron ore fraction comprises the dry separation step, and the procedure of processing that is used for particulate iron ore fraction comprises wet separation.
29. the method for selection iron ore, this method comprises that at least two kinds of productions have the size separation step of the fraction of different grain size scope, in a plurality of procedure of processings, handle described fraction respectively, the procedure of processing that is used at least a described fraction comprises the dry separation step, the procedure of processing that is used at least a described fraction comprises wet separation and pulverising step, and produces the fraction with the required particle size range of massive iron ore and required grade.
30. the exploitation raw material is the method for iron ore for example, comprising:
(a) exploit described raw material and
(b) according to each picking method in the aforementioned claim, selection exploitation raw material or the storage of raw materials.
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| AU2010904388A AU2010904388A0 (en) | 2010-09-30 | A Method of Sorting Ore | |
| AU2010904388 | 2010-09-30 | ||
| PCT/AU2011/001253 WO2012040787A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2011-09-30 | A method of sorting ore |
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| CN103249912A true CN103249912A (en) | 2013-08-14 |
| CN103249912B CN103249912B (en) | 2017-04-05 |
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| CN (1) | CN103249912B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2011308090B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112013007588B1 (en) |
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| WO (1) | WO2012040787A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103769370A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-07 | 罗旭 | Water-free anti-explosion raw coal sorting machine |
| CN104865253A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-08-26 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for measuring luminosity of copper in iron ore |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150048009A1 (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2015-02-19 | Vhip Llc | System and Method For Iron Ore Reclaiming From Tailings Of Iron Ore Mining Operations |
| WO2024040282A1 (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-02-29 | Newcrest Mining Limited | Selective processing |
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- 2011-09-30 BR BR112013007588-0A patent/BR112013007588B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-09-30 AU AU2011308090A patent/AU2011308090B2/en active Active
- 2011-09-30 WO PCT/AU2011/001253 patent/WO2012040787A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-09-30 CA CA2813035A patent/CA2813035C/en active Active
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| US4044956A (en) * | 1975-03-12 | 1977-08-30 | Bureau De Recherches Geologiques Et Minieres | Mechanical method for separating fractions of incinerated urban refuse or similar industrial refuse |
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| CN104865253A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-08-26 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for measuring luminosity of copper in iron ore |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2011308090A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
| WO2012040787A1 (en) | 2012-04-05 |
| AU2011308090B2 (en) | 2016-01-21 |
| BR112013007588A2 (en) | 2016-08-02 |
| CA2813035A1 (en) | 2012-04-05 |
| CN103249912B (en) | 2017-04-05 |
| BR112013007588B1 (en) | 2020-03-31 |
| CA2813035C (en) | 2019-08-20 |
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