CN103248192A - Power Generation and Passive Electromagnetic Damping Control System of Vibrating Plate Beam Structure - Google Patents
Power Generation and Passive Electromagnetic Damping Control System of Vibrating Plate Beam Structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN103248192A CN103248192A CN2013102095478A CN201310209547A CN103248192A CN 103248192 A CN103248192 A CN 103248192A CN 2013102095478 A CN2013102095478 A CN 2013102095478A CN 201310209547 A CN201310209547 A CN 201310209547A CN 103248192 A CN103248192 A CN 103248192A
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 19
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- UTKFUXQDBUMJSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron neodymium Chemical compound [B].[Nd] UTKFUXQDBUMJSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910017709 Ni Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003267 Ni-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
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- KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt samarium Chemical compound [Co].[Sm] KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000938 samarium–cobalt magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power generation and passive electromagnetic damping control system of a vibrating plate-beam structure, which comprises a mechanical part and a circuit part, wherein the mechanical part comprises a plate-beam structure, two permanent magnets and a wall made of non-ferromagnetic substances, one end of the plate-beam structure is fixed in the wall, the other end of the plate-beam structure is suspended in the air, the two permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged in the wall on the upper side and the lower side of the plate-beam structure in parallel, and the polarities of the two permanent magnets are opposite; the circuit part comprises two electromagnetic solenoid coils with soft iron cores, the two electromagnetic solenoid coils with soft iron cores are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of a plate beam structure outside the wall close to the permanent magnet, and the center lines of the coils and the center lines of the permanent magnets corresponding to the same side are collinear; the two electromagnetic solenoid coils with the soft iron cores are connected in series and then connected with a load circuit to form a closed loop. The vibration and electromagnetic induction principle is utilized to generate electricity, and meanwhile, the vibration of the plate girder structure is controlled, so that the electric energy can be supplied to small-sized electric equipment such as vehicle-mounted lamps, rechargeable batteries and the like.
Description
Technical field
Machinery of the present invention belongs to vibration and noise control technique field, relates in particular to a kind of generating and passive electromagnetic damping control system of oscillating plate girder construction.
Background technology
In the last few years, along with falling sharply of fossil energy and increasing the weight of of environmental pollution, people improve constantly for the development interest of new forms of energy, and particularly the research for the novel environment friendly supply power mode deepens continuously, and new energy acquisition technology is one of the most promising method that substitutes traditional supply power mode.Vibrate in the mechanical system that extensively is present under the various operating modes, such as aircraft such as ground traffic toolses such as automobile, train, steamer and aircraft, rocket, satellites, strong vibration not only can influence accuracy and the stability of instrument and meter work, also can shorten the life-span of structure when serious because of fatigue rupture, perhaps damage structure because of resonance, simultaneously, owing to vibrating the pollution that the noise that produces not only causes environment, go back entail dangers to operating personnel's physical and mental health.Therefore, vibrating power-generation and vibration control system have higher researching value and wide application prospect, and the research report for vibration control is a lot of at present, but still has the following disadvantages:
1) traditional vibration control is divided into Passive Control and two kinds of methods of ACTIVE CONTROL, and Passive Control mainly is to adopt damping structure that vibrational energy is transformed into thermal dissipation to fall, and causes the wasting of resources to a certain extent.
2) ACTIVE CONTROL is not only utilized the energy of vibration vibration source own, but also will be consumed a large amount of electric energy owing to used equipment such as transducer, controller, actuator.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of generating and passive electromagnetic damping control system of oscillating plate girder construction are provided, it utilizes vibration and electromagnetic induction principle to generate electricity, and the vibration of control board girder construction simultaneously, can be mini electrical equipments such as vehicle LED lamp, rechargeable battery power supply energy.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of generating of oscillating plate girder construction and passive electromagnetic damping control system, comprise mechanical part and circuit part, described mechanical part comprises slab and girder, two permanent magnets and a wall of being made by the nonferromagnetic material, described slab and girder one end is fixed in the described wall, the other end is unsettled, two permanent magnets are parallel to be symmetricly set in the described wall of slab and girder upper and lower sides, and described two permanent magnet polarities are opposite; Described circuit part comprises the o coil of two band soft iron cores, described two band soft iron core o coil symmetries are installed on the slab and girder upper and lower sides near the described wall outside of permanent magnet, and the center line of the described coil permanent magnet centerline collineation corresponding with the same side; Described two band soft iron core o coil series connection backs connect to form a closed-loop path with load circuit.
Described band soft iron core o coil stationary is on described slab and girder.
A kind of generating of oscillating plate girder construction and passive electromagnetic damping control system, comprise mechanical part and circuit part, described mechanical part comprises slab and girder, two permanent magnets and two walls of being made by the nonferromagnetic material, two described walls be arranged in parallel, described slab and girder one end is fixed in one of them described wall, the other end is unsettled, and two permanent magnets are parallel to be symmetricly set in described another wall of slab and girder upper and lower sides, and described two permanent magnet polarities are opposite; Described circuit part comprises the o coil of two band soft iron cores, described band soft iron core o coil is symmetricly set in the upper and lower sides of slab and girder free end respectively, and the center line of the described coil permanent magnet centerline collineation corresponding with the same side; Described two band soft iron core o coil series connection backs connect to form a closed-loop path with load circuit, to guarantee producing induced current in the loop.
Described band soft iron core o coil is installed on the slab and girder, and slab and girder then is fixed on the nonferromagnetic material and makes on the wall.
Described load circuit comprises the bridge-type filter rectifier, shunt load behind the bridge-type filter rectifier; Described bridge-type filter rectifier comprises and the direct-connected bridge rectifier of described coil, electric capacity in parallel behind the bridge rectifier.
Described permanent magnet adopts bar shaped rare-earth permanent magnet (as neodymium boron permanent magnet), and permanent magnet one end forms the N utmost point, and the other end forms the S utmost point.
Described band soft iron core o coil is entwined with enamelled wire, and there is soft iron core the centre, and the enamelled wire winding direction unanimity of two o coils.
Described load is LED lamp, rechargeable battery or other power consumption equipment.
Described slab and girder is the object of vibration.
The invention provides two kinds of technical schemes, slab and girder and permanent magnet that the first has soft iron core o coil all are installed on the same wall, and coil centerline and permanent magnet centerline collineation; It two is that the slab and girder that has soft iron core o coil is installed on the wall of a side, and permanent magnet then is installed on the opposite side wall, same coil centerline and permanent magnet centerline collineation.
Operation principle of the present invention: electromagnetic induction phenomenon refers to be placed on the conductor in the variation magnetic field, can produce electromotive force, this electromotive force is called induced electromotive force or induced electromotive force, if this conductor is closed into a loop, then this electromotive force can order about electronics and flows, and forms induced current (or induced current).In fact, the part of circuit is when doing cutting magnetic line movement, this part the interior free electron that is equivalent to circuit is done not moving along magnetic line of force direction in magnetic field, so free electron can be moved by the conductor interior orientation that acts on of Lorentz force, if being in the closed-loop path, this part of circuit will form induced current, if not the closed-loop path, the charge generation induced electromotive force will be gathered in two ends; If the closed-loop path then is that electrified wire is in the magnetic field, also can be subjected to the effect of Ampere force, the action effect of this power always hinders the motion of lead cutting magnetic line.
Utilization of the present invention is fixedly installed in the strip permanent magnet that the nonferromagnetic material makes on the wall and produces invariable magnetic field, band soft iron core o coil is installed on the slab and girder and with the permanent magnet center line and aligns, driving coil when slab and girder vibrates vibrates together, the winding wire cutting magnetic line produces induced electromotive force, and coil and load circuit (electric light or storage battery) form the closed-loop path, and then generation induced current, drive load circuit works, the operation principle of the present invention that Here it is generating.
When the slab and girder flexural vibrations, electrified wire on the coil can be subjected to the effect of Ampere force in the formed magnetic field of strip permanent magnet, according to Lenz's law, faradic effect is always revolted the reason that causes it, just the magnetic field force (Ampere force) that is subjected to of the induced current on the motion conduct is always revolted the motion of (or obstruction) conductor, induced current in the coil can make it produce magnetic field again, when coil and permanent magnet near the time like pole can produce repulsive force, when coil and permanent magnet away from the time opposite pole can produce attraction, will form (power) moment of flexure opposite with oscillating plate girder construction direction like this, the flexural vibrations of hampering plate girder construction, the principle of the passive electromagnetic damping vibration control of the present invention that Here it is.
Among the present invention, permanent magnet adopts rare-earth permanent magnet, and rare earth neodymium boron permanent magnet is the strongest permanent magnet of performance in the present magnet, its mechanical property ratio samarium cobalt permanent magnet body and Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet are all good, be easier to processing cost and invent needed shape, among the present invention permanent magnet is processed into bar shaped, forms the N utmost point at permanent magnet one end like this, the other end forms the S utmost point.
Body of wall is to be made by non-magnetic nonferromugnetic material, prevents that permanent magnet and materials for wall from having the confined bed magnetic loop of one's own.
Coil is band soft iron core o coil, be entwined with enamelled wire, there is soft iron core the centre, for the efficient that improves generating and the effect of passive electromagnetic damping vibration control, the number of turn of coil should be many as much as possible, and the enamelled wire winding direction unanimity of two o coils.
Rectification circuit adopts bridge rectifier, by 4 in twos the diodes of butt joint form bridge circuit, bridge rectifier is the most frequently used circuit that utilizes the unidirectional conduction of diode to carry out rectification.Just half part of input sine wave is two diode current flows, obtains positive output; During negative half part of input sine wave, two diode current flows in addition are because these two diodes are reversal connections, so still sinusoidal wave just half part of output.Therefore, the present invention utilizes this specific character of this circuit, just makes the electrical current direction of coupled filter circuit and load circuit constant, so that filter circuit is transformed to direct current with it, improves the utilization ratio of electric energy.
Filter circuit adopts capacitor filter, capacitor in parallel behind bridge rectifier, its principle is terminal voltage acutely transition when circuit state changes of capacitor, and the folk prescription that bridge rectifier is exported changes into the comparatively smooth direct current of amplitude variation to the cycle variable-current.
Load can be LED lamp, rechargeable battery or other power consumption equipment, is used for illumination or charging, very convenient and energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Because the up-down vibration of slab and girder, induced current among the present invention is size variation, the induced current that flows out from band soft iron core o coil is behind bridge rectifier, become the electric current that folk prescription changed to the cycle, behind capacitor filtering, induced current becomes the direct current of near flat, can directly be electric light, rechargeable battery or the power supply of other power consumption equipment, and this is the process of utilizing of generating of the present invention and electric energy.
Just reached purpose to generating and the passive electromagnetic damping vibration control of oscillating plate girder construction by said process like this, not only effectively controlled the vibration of mechanical structure, but also the energy of vibration has been converted into electric energy, economic environmental protection and energy saving.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention combines vibrating power-generation and passive electromagnetic damping vibration control together, utilize vibration and electromagnetic induction principle to come the vibration of control board girder construction and generating simultaneously, this equipment can be installed in the plant equipment of vibration generation, as automobile, train etc., reduce vibration equipment, also can be mini electrical equipment power supplies such as vehicle LED lamp, rechargeable battery.
2, the invention provides two kinds of technical schemes, scheme one is that slab and girder, band soft iron core o coil and permanent magnet are installed on the wall that same nonferromagnetic material makes, and coil centerline and permanent magnet centerline collineation; Scheme two is that slab and girder and band soft iron core o coil are installed on the wall that the nonferromagnetic material of a side makes, and permanent magnet is installed on the wall that opposite side nonferromagnetic material makes, same coil centerline and permanent magnet centerline collineation, scheme two is than the advantage of scheme one, band soft iron core o coil is installed in the end of slab and girder, the displacement maximum of end during the slab and girder vibration, can form bigger electric current and bigger damping force or damping torque, the vibration of slab and girder is comparatively fast decayed.
3, adopt magnet control to produce bigger active force to slab and girder, so the present invention have good vibration control effect for the slab and girder of high rigidity.
4, adopt bridge rectifier filter circuit, change the induced current of sinusoidal variations into direct current, can directly power for power consumption equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 embodiment of the invention 1 structural representation;
Fig. 2 embodiment of the invention 2 structural representations;
Slab and girder is bent upwards the principle (arrow is the sense of current among the figure) of vibration control and generating among Fig. 3 embodiment 1;
Slab and girder is bent downwardly the principle (arrow is the sense of current among the figure) of vibration control and generating among Fig. 4 embodiment 1;
Slab and girder is bent upwards the principle (arrow is the sense of current among the figure) of vibration control and generating among Fig. 5 embodiment 2;
Slab and girder is bent downwardly the principle (arrow is the sense of current among the figure) of vibration control and generating among Fig. 6 embodiment 2;
Fig. 7 bridge rectifier filter circuit (ui is band soft iron core o coil output voltage among the figure, and uc is the voltage at capacitor C two ends, and uo is the output voltage of native system);
Fig. 8 is the o output voltage waveforms;
Fig. 9 is the bridge rectifier output voltage waveforms;
Figure 10 is the voltage oscillogram (M is the voltage max point among the figure, and curve mn is the decline curve of capacitor C charging voltage Uc) behind capacitor filter;
Among the figure: 1. the wall made of nonferromagnetic material, 2. strip permanent magnet, 3. be with soft iron core o coil, 4. lead, 5. slab and girder, 6. diode, 7. electric capacity, 8. load (can be LED lamp, rechargeable battery or other power consumption equipment), A, B are respectively the numbering of two permanent magnets, C, D are respectively the numbering of two band soft iron core o coils, and D1, D2, D3, D4 are respectively four diode numberings of bridge rectifier filter circuit, and N, S are respectively two polarity of magnet.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of generating and passive electromagnetic damping control system of the oscillating plate girder construction based on permanent magnet as shown in Figure 1, comprise mechanical part and circuit part.Wherein, mechanical part comprises wall 1, slab and girder 5, the strip permanent magnet 2 that the nonferromagnetic material is made, and circuit part comprises band soft iron core o coil 3, bridge rectifier, capacitive filters, load (can be LED lamp, rechargeable battery or other mini electrical equipment) 8 and lead 4.Described wall is made by the nonferromagnetic material; Described slab and girder 5 is the object of vibration; Described strip permanent magnet is divided into two of A, B, respectively on the wall 1 that the symmetrical nonferromagnetic material that is installed on the slab and girder upper and lower sides is made; Described band soft iron core o 3 coils are divided into two of C, D, two band soft iron core o coil 3 symmetries are installed on slab and girder 5 upper and lower sides of the described wall outside of close permanent magnet, and coil centerline aligns with the strip permanent magnet center line of the same side, wherein, slab and girder 5, band soft iron core o coil 3 and permanent magnet are installed on the wall that same nonferromagnetic material makes; Described bridge rectifier directly is connected with coil, and electric capacity 7 in parallel is formed the bridge-type filter rectifier jointly behind bridge rectifier; After described load is directly parallel in the bridge-type filter rectifier; A closed-loop path is formed in described band soft iron core o coil, bridge-type filter rectifier and load, to guarantee producing induced current in the loop.
Strip permanent magnet adopts rare-earth permanent magnet, use two permanent magnets of A, B among the present invention, being installed on slab and girder respectively aligns on the wall made of the nonferromagnetic material of both sides and with band soft iron core o coil centerline up and down, the strip permanent magnet A left end that is installed on the wall that the nonferromagnetic material makes is the S utmost point, right-hand member is the N utmost point, strip permanent magnet B left end is the N utmost point, and right-hand member is the S utmost point, as shown in Figure 1; The purpose of above-mentioned such installation is in order to make permanent magnet A and permanent magnet B form the magnetic pole loop; certainly the magnetic pole installation direction of permanent magnet also can be with above-mentioned different; the direction of winding of o coil also can be done corresponding variation; to guarantee the induced current same-phase of band soft iron core o coil C and D; affiliated association area researcher should be understood that this is also within protection scope of the present invention.
Coil is band soft iron core o coil, is entwined with enamelled wire, and for the efficient that improves generating and the effect of passive vibration control, the number of turn of coil should be many as much as possible, and the enamelled wire winding direction unanimity of two o coils.The present invention uses two bands of C, D soft iron core o coil, be installed on respectively slab and girder up and down on the support of both sides and center line align with permanent magnet, slab and girder and permanent magnet are installed on the wall that same nonferromagnetic material makes, band soft iron core o coil is installed on slab and girder near an end of permanent magnet, and is symmetry with the plate-girder center line;
Rectification circuit adopts bridge rectifier, by 4 in twos the diodes 6 of butt joint form bridge circuit, bridge rectifier is the most frequently used circuit that utilizes the unidirectional conduction of diode 6 to carry out rectification.Bridge rectifier is two ends difference tape splicing soft iron core o coil C and D up and down, about the follow-up filter circuit of two terminations, when slab and girder is bent upwards vibration, inductive current direction as shown in Figure 3, diode pair D1, D4 add forward voltage, Dl, D4 conducting, diode pair D2, D3 add reverse voltage, D2, D3 end, just constitute the closed-loop path by band soft iron core o coil C, diode D1, load circuit, diode D4 and coil D in the circuit, form induced current by induced electromotive force; When slab and girder is bent downwardly vibration, inductive current direction as shown in Figure 4, diode pair D2, D3 add forward voltage, D2, D3 conducting, diode pair D1, D4 add reverse voltage, D1, D4 end, and band soft iron core o coil D, diode D2, load circuit, diode D3 and coil C constitute the closed-loop path, form induced current by induced electromotive force.So repeat down, the result just obtains as shown in Figure 8 induced voltage at the input of bridge rectifier Fig. 7, just obtains the full-wave rectification electric current of non-filtered as shown in Figure 9 at the output of bridge rectifier Fig. 7.
Filter circuit adopts capacitor filter, capacitor in parallel behind bridge rectifier, as shown in Figure 7, its principle is that the terminal voltage of capacitor can not transition when circuit state changes, the folk prescription of bridge rectifier output is changed into the comparatively smooth direct current of amplitude variation to the cycle variable-current, and the result as shown in figure 10.When the bridge rectifier conducting, load circuit is given in power supply on the one hand, simultaneously capacitor C is charged, under the situation of ignoring the diode forward pressure drop, charging voltage Uc is consistent with the sinusoidal voltage Ui of rising, and as shown in figure 10, charging voltage Uc and supply power voltage Ui reach maximum simultaneously at the M point, then charging voltage Uc and supply power voltage Ui begin to descend, supply power voltage Ui descends according to sinusoidal rule, and when Ui＜Uc, the diode of bridge rectifier conducting bears reverse voltage and ends, capacitor C is, and load circuit discharges, still have electric current in the load, and Uc presses discharge curve mn decline, at the next positive half period of Ui, work as Ui〉Uc, diode is conducting again, and capacitor C is recharged again, repeats said process, like this, just, reach alternating current and become galvanic purpose.
When slab and girder is bent upwards vibration, as shown in Figure 3, distance between permanent magnet A and the band soft iron core o coil C reduces, magnetic flux by coil C increases, if circuit closed can produce induced current, according to Lenz's law, faradic effect is always revolted the reason that causes it, this reason is just by its increase of magnetic flux, therefore the inductive current direction that produces with soft iron core o coil C as shown in Figure 3, this is power generation process.Induced current can make band soft iron core o coil C produce magnetic field again simultaneously, the pole polarity of judging coil C left end according to right hand solenoid rule is the N utmost point, right-hand member is the S utmost point, to offset the increase of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet A left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron core o coil C position is the S utmost point, right-hand member is the N utmost point, and the relative side with permanent magnet A of coil C is the N utmost point and produces repulsive force, stops reducing of the two distance.Distance between permanent magnet B and the band soft iron core o coil D increases, and the magnetic flux by coil D reduces, if circuit closed, then the inductive current direction that produces according to Lenz's law o coil D as shown in Figure 3, this is power generation process.
Induced current can make band soft iron core o coil D produce magnetic field again simultaneously, the pole polarity of judging coil D left end according to right hand solenoid rule is the N utmost point, right-hand member is the S utmost point, to offset reducing of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet B left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron core o coil D position is the N utmost point, right-hand member is the S utmost point, and the relative side opposite pole with permanent magnet B of coil D produces attraction, stops the increase of the two distance.Produce repulsive force between permanent magnet A and the coil C, produce attraction between permanent magnet B and the coil D, like this slab and girder is formed a clockwise moment of flexure, to hinder the flexural vibrations that it makes progress, this is that the embodiment of the invention 1 slab and girder is bent upwards the control procedure when vibrating.
When slab and girder is bent downwardly vibration, as shown in Figure 4, distance between permanent magnet A and the band soft iron core o coil C increases, magnetic flux by coil C reduces, if circuit closed can produce induced current, the inductive current direction that produces according to Lenz's law o coil C as shown in Figure 4, this is power generation process.It is the S utmost point that the while induced current makes the pole polarity of coil C left end, right-hand member is the N utmost point, to offset reducing of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet A left end pole polarity corresponding with band soft iron core o coil C position is the S utmost point, right-hand member is the N utmost point, the relative side opposite pole with permanent magnet A of coil C produces attraction, stops the increase of the two distance.Distance between permanent magnet B and the band soft iron core o coil D reduces, and the magnetic flux by coil D increases, if circuit closed, then the inductive current direction that produces according to Lenz's law o coil D as shown in Figure 4, this is power generation process.
Induced current can make band soft iron core o coil D produce magnetic field again simultaneously, the pole polarity of judging coil D left end according to right hand solenoid rule is the S utmost point, right-hand member is the N utmost point, to offset the increase of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet B left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron core o coil D position is the N utmost point, right-hand member is the S utmost point, and the relative side like pole with permanent magnet B of coil D produces repulsive force, stops reducing of the two distance.Produce attraction between permanent magnet A and the coil C, produce repulsive force between permanent magnet B and the coil D, like this slab and girder is formed a counterclockwise moment of flexure, with the downward flexural vibrations of hampering plate girder construction, this is that the embodiment of the invention 1 slab and girder is bent downwardly the control procedure when vibrating.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of generating and passive electromagnetic damping control system of the oscillating plate girder construction based on permanent magnet as shown in Figure 2, comprise mechanical part and circuit part.Wherein, mechanical part comprises wall 1, slab and girder 5, the strip permanent magnet 2 that the nonferromagnetic material is made, and circuit part comprises band soft iron core o coil 3, bridge rectifier, capacitive filters, load (can be LED lamp, rechargeable battery or other mini electrical equipment) 8 and lead 4.Described wall is made by the nonferromagnetic material; Described slab and girder 5 is the object of vibration; Described strip permanent magnet 2 is divided into two of A, B, respectively on the wall 1 that the symmetrical nonferromagnetic material that is installed on slab and girder 5 upper and lower sides is made; Described band soft iron core o coil 3 is divided into two of C, D, symmetry is installed on the both sides up and down of slab and girder 5 free ends respectively, and coil centerline aligns with the bar-shaped magnet center line of the same side, wherein, on the wall 1 that the nonferromagnetic material that slab and girder 5 and band soft iron core o coil 3 are installed in a side is made, and permanent magnet is installed on the wall that opposite side nonferromagnetic material makes; Described bridge rectifier directly is connected with coil, and electric capacity 7 in parallel is formed the bridge-type filter rectifier jointly behind bridge rectifier; After described load 8 is directly parallel in the bridge-type filter rectifier; A closed-loop path is formed in described band soft iron core o coil 3, bridge-type filter rectifier and load 8, to guarantee producing induced current in the loop.
Strip permanent magnet 2 adopts rare-earth permanent magnet, use two permanent magnets of A, B among the present invention, being installed on slab and girder respectively aligns on the wall made of the nonferromagnetic material of both sides and with band soft iron core o coil centerline up and down, the strip permanent magnet A left end that is installed on the wall that the nonferromagnetic material makes is the N utmost point, right-hand member is the S utmost point, strip permanent magnet B left end is the S utmost point, and right-hand member is the N utmost point, as shown in Figure 2.The purpose of above-mentioned such installation is in order to make permanent magnet A and permanent magnet B form the magnetic pole loop; certainly the magnetic pole installation direction of permanent magnet also can be with above-mentioned different; the direction of winding of o coil also can be done corresponding variation; to guarantee the induced current same-phase of band soft iron core o coil C and D; affiliated association area researcher should be understood that this is also within protection scope of the present invention.
Coil is band soft iron core o coil, is entwined with enamelled wire, and for the efficient that improves generating and the effect of passive vibration control, the number of turn of coil should be many as much as possible, and the enamelled wire winding direction unanimity of two o coils.The present invention uses two bands of C, D soft iron core o coil, be installed on respectively slab and girder up and down on the support of both sides and center line align with permanent magnet, slab and girder and permanent magnet are installed on respectively on the wall that two nonferromagnetic materials being parallel to each other make, band soft iron core o coil is installed on the end of slab and girder, and is symmetry with the plate-girder center line.
Rectification circuit adopts bridge rectifier, by 4 in twos the diodes 6 of butt joint form bridge circuit, bridge rectifier is the most frequently used circuit that utilizes the unidirectional conduction of diode 6 to carry out rectification.Bridge rectifier is two ends difference tape splicing soft iron core o coil D and C up and down, about the follow-up filter circuit of two terminations, when slab and girder is bent upwards vibration, inductive current direction adds forward voltage to diode D1, D4 as shown in Figure 5, Dl, D4 conducting, D2, D3 are added reverse voltage, D2, D3 end, and just constitute the closed-loop path by band soft iron core o coil D, diode D1, load circuit, diode D4 and coil C in the circuit, form induced current by induced electromotive force; When slab and girder is bent downwardly vibration, inductive current direction as shown in Figure 6, D2, D3 are added forward voltage, D2, D3 conducting, D1, D4 are added reverse voltage, D1, D4 end, and band soft iron core o coil C, diode D2, load circuit, diode D3 and coil D constitute the closed-loop path, form induced current by induced electromotive force.So repeat down, the result just obtains as shown in Figure 8 induced voltage at the input of bridge rectifier Fig. 7, just obtains the full-wave rectification electric current of non-filtered as shown in Figure 9 at the output of bridge rectifier Fig. 7.
Filter circuit adopts capacitor filter, capacitor in parallel behind bridge rectifier, as shown in Figure 7, its principle is that the terminal voltage of capacitor can not transition when circuit state changes, the folk prescription of bridge rectifier output is changed into the comparatively smooth direct current of amplitude variation to the cycle variable-current, and the result as shown in figure 10.When the bridge rectifier conducting, load circuit is given in power supply on the one hand, simultaneously capacitor C is charged, under the situation of ignoring the diode forward pressure drop, charging voltage Uc is consistent with the sinusoidal voltage Ui of rising, and as shown in figure 10, charging voltage Uc and supply power voltage Ui reach maximum simultaneously at the M point, then charging voltage Uc and supply power voltage Ui begin to descend, supply power voltage Ui descends according to sinusoidal rule, and when Ui＜Uc, the diode of bridge rectifier conducting bears reverse voltage and ends, capacitor C is, and load circuit discharges, still have electric current in the load, and Uc presses discharge curve mn decline, at the next positive half period of Ui, work as Ui〉Uc, diode is conducting again, and capacitor C is recharged again, repeats said process, like this, just, reach alternating current and become galvanic purpose.
Induced current can make band soft iron core o coil C produce magnetic field again simultaneously, the pole polarity of judging coil C left end according to right hand solenoid rule is the N utmost point, right-hand member is the S utmost point, to offset reducing of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet A left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron core o coil C position is the N utmost point, right-hand member is the S utmost point, and the relative side opposite pole with permanent magnet A of coil C produces attraction, stops the increase of the two distance.Distance between permanent magnet B and the band soft iron core o coil D reduces, and the magnetic flux by coil D increases, if the inductive current direction that circuit closed produces according to Lenz's law o coil D as shown in Figure 5, this is power generation process.
Induced current can make band soft iron core o coil D produce magnetic field again simultaneously, the pole polarity of judging coil D left end according to right hand solenoid rule is the N utmost point, right-hand member is the S utmost point, to offset the increase of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet B left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron core o coil D position is the S utmost point, right-hand member is the N utmost point, and the relative side like pole with permanent magnet B of coil D produces repulsive force, stops reducing of the two distance.Produce attraction between permanent magnet A and the coil C, produce repulsive force between permanent magnet B and the coil D, like this slab and girder is formed a clockwise moment of flexure, to weaken the flexural vibrations that it makes progress, this is that the embodiment of the invention 2 slab and girders are bent upwards the vibration control process.
When slab and girder is bent downwardly vibration, as shown in Figure 6, distance between permanent magnet A and the band soft iron core o coil C reduces, magnetic flux by coil C increases, if circuit closed, the inductive current direction that produces according to Lenz's law o coil C as shown in Figure 6, this is power generation process.Induced current can make band soft iron core o coil C produce magnetic field again simultaneously, the field pole of judging coil C left end according to right hand solenoid rule is the N utmost point, right-hand member is the S utmost point, to offset reducing of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet A left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron core o coil C position is the S utmost point, right-hand member is the N utmost point, and the relative side like pole with permanent magnet A of coil C produces repulsive force, stops reducing of the two distance.Distance between permanent magnet B and the band soft iron core o coil D increases, and the magnetic flux by coil D reduces, if the inductive current direction that circuit closed produces according to Lenz's law o coil D as shown in Figure 6, this is power generation process.
Induced current can make band soft iron core o coil D produce magnetic field again simultaneously, the pole polarity of judging coil D left end according to right hand solenoid rule is the S utmost point, right-hand member is the N utmost point, to offset reducing of magnetic flux, the permanent magnet B left end magnetic pole corresponding with band soft iron core o coil D position is the S utmost point, right-hand member is the N utmost point, and the relative side opposite pole with permanent magnet B of coil D produces attraction, stops the increase of the two distance.Produce repulsive force between permanent magnet A and the coil C, produce attraction between permanent magnet B and the coil D, like this slab and girder is formed a counterclockwise moment of flexure, with the downward flexural vibrations of hampering plate girder construction, this is that the embodiment of the invention 2 slab and girders are bent downwardly the control procedure when vibrating.
Though above-mentionedly by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but be not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various modifications that creative work can make or distortion still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the generating of an oscillating plate girder construction and passive electromagnetic damping control system, it is characterized in that, comprise mechanical part and circuit part, described mechanical part comprises slab and girder, two permanent magnets and a wall of being made by the nonferromagnetic material, described slab and girder one end is fixed in the described wall, the other end is unsettled, and two permanent magnets are parallel to be symmetricly set in the described wall of slab and girder upper and lower sides, and described two permanent magnet polarities are opposite; Described circuit part comprises the o coil of two band soft iron cores, described two band soft iron core o coil symmetries are installed on the slab and girder upper and lower sides near the described wall outside of permanent magnet, and the center line of the described coil permanent magnet centerline collineation corresponding with the same side; Described two band soft iron core o coil series connection backs connect to form a closed-loop path with load circuit.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described band soft iron core o coil stationary is on described slab and girder.
3. the generating of an oscillating plate girder construction and passive electromagnetic damping control system, it is characterized in that, comprise mechanical part and circuit part, described mechanical part comprises slab and girder, two permanent magnets and two walls of being made by the nonferromagnetic material, two described walls be arranged in parallel, described slab and girder one end is fixed in one of them described wall, the other end is unsettled, two permanent magnets are parallel to be symmetricly set in described another wall of slab and girder upper and lower sides, and described two permanent magnet polarities are opposite; Described circuit part comprises the o coil of two band soft iron cores, described band soft iron core o coil is symmetricly set in the upper and lower sides of slab and girder free end respectively, and the center line of the described coil permanent magnet centerline collineation corresponding with the same side; Described two band soft iron core o coil series connection backs are electrically connected with load circuit forms a closed-loop path.
4. system as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described band soft iron core o coil is installed on the slab and girder, and slab and girder then is fixed on the nonferromagnetic material and makes on the wall.
5. as claim 1 or 3 described systems, it is characterized in that, utilization is fixedly installed in the strip permanent magnet that the nonferromagnetic material makes on the wall and produces invariable magnetic field, driving described coil when slab and girder vibrates vibrates together, described winding wire cutting magnetic line produces induced electromotive force, and described coil and load circuit form the closed-loop path, and then produce induced current, drive load circuit works.
6. as claim 1 or 3 described systems, it is characterized in that, when the slab and girder flexural vibrations, electrified wire on the described coil can be subjected to the effect of Ampere force in the formed magnetic field of strip permanent magnet, according to Lenz's law, faradic effect is always revolted the reason that causes it, just the magnetic field force that is subjected to of the induced current on the motion conduct is the motion that conductor was always revolted or hindered to Ampere force, induced current in the coil can make it produce magnetic field again, when coil and permanent magnet near the time like pole can produce repulsive force, when coil and permanent magnet away from the time opposite pole can produce attraction, will form a moment opposite with the slab and girder direction like this, the flexural vibrations of hampering plate girder construction.
7. as claim 1 or 3 described systems, it is characterized in that described load circuit comprises the bridge-type filter rectifier, be parallel with load behind the bridge-type filter rectifier; Described bridge-type filter rectifier comprises and the direct-connected bridge rectifier of described coil, electric capacity in parallel behind the bridge rectifier.
8. as claim 1 or 3 described systems, it is characterized in that described permanent magnet adopts the bar shaped rare-earth permanent magnet, permanent magnet one end forms the N utmost point, and the other end forms the S utmost point.
9. as claim 1 or 3 described systems, it is characterized in that described band soft iron core o coil is entwined with enamelled wire, there is soft iron core the centre, and the enamelled wire winding direction unanimity of two o coils.
10. as claim 1 or 3 described systems, it is characterized in that described load is LED lamp, rechargeable battery or other power consumption equipment.
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| CN106803726A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-06 | 清华大学 | Low-frequency vibration electromagnetic energy collector |
| CN112431883A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-02 | 南京理工大学 | Energy-regenerative impact-resistant device |
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| US3161793A (en) * | 1960-09-13 | 1964-12-15 | Nat Res Dev | Electrical machines involving the reciprocation of moving parts |
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| CN112431883A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-02 | 南京理工大学 | Energy-regenerative impact-resistant device |
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