CN103242153A - Method for catalyzing preparation of benzoin from benzaldehyde by adopting imidazolium bicarbonate ionic liquid - Google Patents

Method for catalyzing preparation of benzoin from benzaldehyde by adopting imidazolium bicarbonate ionic liquid Download PDF

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CN103242153A
CN103242153A CN2013101685266A CN201310168526A CN103242153A CN 103242153 A CN103242153 A CN 103242153A CN 2013101685266 A CN2013101685266 A CN 2013101685266A CN 201310168526 A CN201310168526 A CN 201310168526A CN 103242153 A CN103242153 A CN 103242153A
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reaction
benzaldehyde
ion liquid
ionic liquid
phenyl aldehyde
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胡兴邦
杨国强
邵静
吴有庭
张志炳
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Nanjing University
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Nanjing University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for catalyzing the preparation of benzoin from benzaldehyde by adopting imidazolium bicarbonate ionic liquid. The method comprises the following steps of: adding the benzaldehyde into tetrahydrofuran, adding an imidazolium bicarbonate ionic liquid catalyst (IL-Cat) which is equivalent to 2%-15% by mole of the benzaldehyde, reacting between room temperature and 80 DEG C for 4h, then performing vacuum distillation, removing a reaction solvent to obtain a white solid, adding distilled water for dispersing the solid, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and performing vacuum drying at 60 DEG C for 8h to obtain the benzoin. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of mild conditions, high efficiency, high reaction yield and high selectivity. Compared with the existing method using the ionic liquid, by using the method disclosed by the invention, the addition of any alkaline substances is not required, and the method disclosed by the invention is more economic and environment-friendly.

Description

Adopt imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid catalyst phenyl aldehyde to prepare benzoic method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly prepare benzoic method with imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid catalyst phenyl aldehyde.
Background technology
St-yrax is a kind of important chemical material, be widely used as the anticrater agent of photosensitizers, dyestuff intermediate and the powder coating of photoresist, also be a kind of important medicinal intermediates, as synthetic and diphenylthanedione, diphenylthanedione oxime, the acetic acid st-yrax compounds of antiepileptic drug diphenyl hydantoin.St-yrax can pass through benzoic condensation or bitter almond oil camphor prepared in reaction by phenyl aldehyde.Classical st-yrax is synthetic to be catalyzer (organic reaction with sodium cyanide or potassium cyanide, 1948, (4): 269), though the productive rate height, but toxicity is very big, both destroyed environment, unhealthful again, new improved method uses the coenzyme VITMAIN B1 of biologically active to be catalyzer, this method has simple to operate, conservation, weak point consuming time pollutes characteristics such as light.But reaction needed is operated in ice-water bath, and reaction yield is often lower, and catalyzer is expensive, is not easy to reclaim (university chemistry, 2001,16 (3): 49~50.).Also have report to use Cabbeen to come the catalysis phenyl aldehyde to prepare st-yrax (DE19704273-A1) as catalyzer, but carbone catalyst is expensive and structural instability makes correlation method be difficult to realize industrialization.Begin recent years to occur using ionic liquid to prepare st-yrax as catalyzer, (CN102153525-A, Chem.Lett.2005,16 (3), 321, J.Mol.Catal.A:Chem.2006,256,261, Tetrahedron Lett.2007,48,755 and organic chemistry, 2010,30(6), 912~917), still in all known benzoic reactions of ion liquid catalyzing benzene prepared formaldehyde, all must add a large amount of strong alkaline substances (as potassium tert.-butoxide, sodium hydride, cesium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, salt of wormwood etc.), the adding of these strong alkaline substances has the defective of three aspects: have higher requirement to conversion unit (1); (2) increased raw materials cost; (3) can produce a large amount of wastes after the reaction.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of brand-new employing imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid and prepare benzoic method as the catalyst phenyl aldehyde.With all adopt ionic liquids be the method for catalyzer different be: this method adopts imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid as catalyzer, uses this catalyst phenyl aldehyde to prepare st-yrax and need not add the productive rate that any alkaline matter can obtain to be satisfied with very much.This method for preparing catalyst is simple, and is cheap and easy to get, and reaction conditions gentleness, benzoic productive rate and selectivity are all very high, almost do not have side reaction and takes place.Can simply reclaim from reaction system by the method for washing after the reaction and obtain imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid catalyst.
Before the present invention, under the situation that does not add strong alkaline substance, it is impossible fully using ionic liquid to prepare st-yrax as the catalyst phenyl aldehyde.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of employing imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid prepares benzoic method as the catalyst phenyl aldehyde, and its reaction formula is as follows:
It comprises the steps:
Phenyl aldehyde is joined in the tetrahydrofuran (THF) (THF), add the imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid catalyst (IL-Cat) be equivalent to phenyl aldehyde molar weight 2%~15%, between room temperature~80 ℃, preferred 50 ℃~70 ℃, reaction 4h, then, underpressure distillation is removed reaction solvent and is obtained white solid, add distilled water and make solid dispersed, filter filter cake, 60 ℃ of vacuum-drying 8h can obtain st-yrax.
The employed catalyst I L-Cat of above-mentioned preparation st-yrax method is imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid, and it has following general formula: [C mC n-IM] [HCO 3], its structural formula is as follows:
Figure BDA00003160605000022
C wherein m, C nBe alkyl substituent, C m, Cn is a kind of in methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, hexyl or the octyl group, m, n represent the number of substituting group carbon respectively.
A kind ofly prepare above-mentioned imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid [CmCn-IM] [HCO 3] method is as follows:
The corresponding imidazoles villaumite of imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid ([CmCn-IM] [Cl]) that will prepare is joined in the suitable methanol solvate, the saleratus or the sodium bicarbonate that add 1.1 times of imidazoles villaumite molar weights, stirring reaction 48h under the room temperature, after reaction finishes, remove by filter sylvite or sodium salt, evaporate to dryness filtrate, 80 ℃ of vacuum-drying 24h obtain imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid.
The present invention is different from previous invention part and is: this method adopts imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid catalyst phenyl aldehyde to prepare st-yrax, does not need to add any alkaline matter.The imidazoles supercarbonate preparation method that this method is used is simple, cheap and easy to get, dissolves in conventional organic solvent, have solubleness preferably again in water, and the solubleness in water is often greater than the solubleness in organic solvent.Make that imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid catalyst can well be dissolved in reaction system in the reaction process, just can from reaction system, remove catalyzer and finish the back in reaction by the method for simple washing, and then steam except moisture the i.e. recyclable catalyzer that obtains.
Embodiment
Following embodiment will describe more comprehensively to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Add THF100mL in the eggplant-shape bottle of 150ml, (0.2mol 21.224g), adds 1,3-dibutyl imidazoles supercarbonate ([C to phenyl aldehyde 4C 4-IM] [HCO 3]) (0.02mol, 4.846g), under 80 ℃ of water-baths, reaction 4h.Reaction finishes the back solvent evaporated, adds 50g water and stirs 10 minutes, filters out solid, and vacuum drying gets solid 19.158g, fusing point: 135.5~137.8 ℃, and productive rate 90.26%
Embodiment 2
Add THF100mL in the eggplant-shape bottle of 150ml, (0.2mol 21.224g), adds 1,3-methylimidazole supercarbonate ([C to phenyl aldehyde 4C 4-IM] [HCO 3]) (0.004mol, 0.9692g), under 50 ℃ of water-baths, reaction 4h.Reaction finishes the back solvent evaporated, adds 50g water and stirs 10 minutes, filters out solid, and vacuum drying gets solid 3.767g, fusing point: 136.3~137.9 ℃, and productive rate 17.75%
Embodiment 3
Add THF100mL in the eggplant-shape bottle of 150ml, (0.2mol 21.224g), adds 1,3-diethyl imidazoles supercarbonate ([C to phenyl aldehyde 4C 4-IM] [HCO 3]) (0.03mol, 7.269g), in room temperature, reaction 4h.Reaction finishes the back solvent evaporated, adds 50g water and stirs 10 minutes, filters out solid, and vacuum drying gets solid 13.728g, fusing point: 136.3~137.6 ℃, and productive rate 64.68%
Embodiment 4~14
Method similar embodiment 1 adopts different imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid as catalyzer, the results are shown in Table 1:
Table 1
Embodiment IL-cat Productive rate %
4 [C 3C 3-IM][HCO 3] 86.68
5 [C 2C 2-IM][HCO 3] 82.67
6 [C 6C 6-IM][HCO 3] 14.25
7 [C 1C 2-IM][HCO 3] 42.82
8 [C 1C 3-IM][HCO 3] 85.92
9 [C 1C 4-IM][HCO 3] 83.81
10 [C 1C 6-IM][HCO 3] 88.35
11 [C 1C 8-IM][HCO 3] 84.63
12 [C 2C 3-IM][HCO 3] 90.47
13 [C 2C 4-IM][HCO 3] 75.22
14 [C 2C 6-IM][HCO 3] 36.86
The comparative example 15~22
Be outstanding the present invention and existing methods difference, similar embodiment 1 adopts non-imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid as catalyzer, the results are shown in (table 2), must could obtain the st-yrax product after adding highly basic by the visible conventional ion liquid of table.
Table 2
Embodiment 10mol%IL-cat Productive rate %
15 [C 4C 4-IM][BF 4] 0
16 [C 4C 4-IM][SCN] 0
17 [C 4C 4-IM][AcO] 0
18 [C 4C 4-IM][NO 3] 0
19 [C 4C 4-IM][Br] 0
20 [C 4C 4-IM][NO3]+K 2CO 3* 34.71
21 [C 4C 4-IM][Br]+DBU* 66.97
22 [C 4C 4-IM]Br]+K 2CO 3* 89.57
Remarks: * represents among this embodiment, adds organic bases or mineral alkali when adding catalyzer simultaneously, and the amount that adds alkali is 20% of phenyl aldehyde molar weight, and the remaining reaction condition is identical with embodiment 1 with process.

Claims (3)

1. one kind is adopted imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid to prepare benzoic method as the catalyst phenyl aldehyde, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
Phenyl aldehyde is joined in the tetrahydrofuran (THF), add the imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid catalyst (IL-Cat) that is equivalent to phenyl aldehyde molar weight 2%~15%, between room temperature~80 ℃, reaction 4h, then, underpressure distillation, remove reaction solvent and obtain white solid, add distilled water and make solid dispersed, filter filter cake, 60 ℃ of vacuum-drying 8h can obtain st-yrax.
2. according to the benzoic method of the described preparation of claim 1, it is characterized in that: employed catalyst I L-Cat is imidazoles bicarbonate ion liquid, and it has following general formula: [C mC n-IM] [HCO 3], its structural formula is as follows:
Figure FDA00003160604900011
C wherein m, C nBe alkyl substituent, C m, Cn is a kind of in methyl, ethyl, propyl group, butyl, hexyl or the octyl group, m, n represent the number of substituting group carbon respectively.
3. according to the benzoic method of the described preparation of claim 1, it is characterized in that: temperature of reaction is 50 ℃~70 ℃.
CN2013101685266A 2013-05-08 2013-05-08 Method for catalyzing preparation of benzoin from benzaldehyde by adopting imidazolium bicarbonate ionic liquid Pending CN103242153A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109665953A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-23 盐城锦明药业有限公司 A method of preparing styrax class compound

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5780338A (en) * 1980-11-07 1982-05-19 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Preparation of benzoin
CN101219939A (en) * 2008-01-17 2008-07-16 上海华谊丙烯酸有限公司 Method for synthesizing hydroxyl radical pivalic aldehyde with alkalescence ion liquid catalysis
CN102702023A (en) * 2012-05-14 2012-10-03 清华大学 Synthesis method of trans-alpha-benzoinoxime

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5780338A (en) * 1980-11-07 1982-05-19 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Preparation of benzoin
CN101219939A (en) * 2008-01-17 2008-07-16 上海华谊丙烯酸有限公司 Method for synthesizing hydroxyl radical pivalic aldehyde with alkalescence ion liquid catalysis
CN102702023A (en) * 2012-05-14 2012-10-03 清华大学 Synthesis method of trans-alpha-benzoinoxime

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
MURAT EMRAH MAVIS等: "An investigation of the catalytic potential of mono- and dicationic imidazolium N-heterocyclic carbenes in the benzoin condensation", 《TETRAHEDRON LETTERS》 *
赵三虎等: "咪唑类离子液体催化的安息香缩合反应", 《有机化学》 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109665953A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-23 盐城锦明药业有限公司 A method of preparing styrax class compound
CN109665953B (en) * 2018-12-21 2022-09-13 盐城师范学院 Method for preparing benzoin compounds

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Application publication date: 20130814