CN103239256A - Virtual X-ray imaging method and virtual X-ray imaging system for human body bone joint - Google Patents

Virtual X-ray imaging method and virtual X-ray imaging system for human body bone joint Download PDF

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CN103239256A
CN103239256A CN2013102067054A CN201310206705A CN103239256A CN 103239256 A CN103239256 A CN 103239256A CN 2013102067054 A CN2013102067054 A CN 2013102067054A CN 201310206705 A CN201310206705 A CN 201310206705A CN 103239256 A CN103239256 A CN 103239256A
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virtual
limbs
unit
ray
imaging
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CN103239256B (en
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尹力
杨柳
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Third Military Medical University TMMU
First Affiliated Hospital of TMMU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a virtual X-ray imaging method and a virtual X-ray imaging system for a human body bone joint. The method comprises the steps that computed tomography (CT) is conducted on a targeted limb; the limb is converted into a data set formed by coordinates of a volume unit and an X-ray absorption rate; a course that a ray reaches an imaging plain through the limb is simulated by a numerical algorithm; visualization treatment is conducted on a numerical result; a gray level image that can be identified by a human eye is generated; and the result is outputted. For orthopedic and radio-diagnosis doctors, X-ray images generated by projection to the limb from any angles can be generated; the orthopedic and radio-diagnosis doctors can be assisted in learning X-ray anatomy, and establishing cognition connection between a three-dimensional structure and a two-dimensional image; for a radiographer, influences of different shooting parameters and a body position of an examined person on final imaging can be simulated; the method and the system contributes to learning a radiography technology of the radiographer; and for a special disease, the method and the system can assist in screening the optimal X-ray radiography body position and the angle for clinical reference.

Description

The virtual X line imaging of human body osteoarthrosis method and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medical image field, particularly the virtual X line imaging of a kind of human body osteoarthrosis method and system.
Background technology
It is important method in the joint disease diagnostic imaging that the X line is taken the photograph sheet.Although the orthopaedics diagnosis that develops into of computer tomography (CT), nuclear magnetic resonance medical imaging technologies such as (MRI) provides new approach, the information that traditional X line plain film image provides still has irreplaceability.In addition, the imaging of X line plain film have image definition height, amount of radiation little, cheap, simple fast, can be under bearing a heavy burden advantage such as inspections, therefore be still present clinical indispensable inspection means.
X line plain film image is with perspective fashion the organizational structure on the ray penetration direction to be superposeed projection in a two dimensional surface, and the image of different structure is overlapped, and the two and three dimensions outward appearance intrinsic with it has than big difference.The abecedarian has certain difficulty often in study, needs the cost plenty of time understand the feature of the X line image of different parts, and the cognition of setting up between itself and human body three-dimensional anatomical structure contacts.In addition, learner often is confined to the inspection image in some conventional orientation for the cognition of X line image, and as anterioposterior and lateral film, axle bit slice etc., and the image of other irradiating angles often lacks the study material.
Secondly, those who are investigated's position is taken the photograph the sheet angle, focus-film distance, a thing pitch of fins, and many generations that arrange image such as magnitude of voltage, milliampere-second value have appreciable impact.Observing and understanding these influences often needs to repeat that human body is carried out the X line and takes the photograph sheet, cost height not only, and trivial operations increases radiation and takes in, and can easily not adjust in real time and observe, and is difficult in the reality and implements.
A kind of can the adjustment arbitrarily acquisition parameters, the instrument of real-time Simulation X line imaging can help learner to learn X line anatomy and photography method with directly perceived, alternant way.Simultaneously, for some rare diseases, by simulating the sheet of taking the photograph of different shooting angle and position, can be used for exploring the X line photography method that it is fit to, instruct clinical imaging examination.
Therefore, be badly in need of a cover and can simply efficiently carry out virtual X line imaging method and imaging system thereof.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, technical problem to be solved by this invention provide a kind of simple in structure, cost is low and can throw in real time according to imaging method and system the target limbs from arbitrarily angled.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
One of purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The virtual X line imaging of human body osteoarthrosis provided by the invention method may further comprise the steps:
S1: obtain image data by the target limbs are carried out CT scan;
S2: the target limbs are carried out finite elements divide and be converted into target limbs data set;
S3: the locus that virtual bulb and imaging plane are set;
S4: imaging region is selected or the locus map function in target limbs data centralization;
S5: calculate and decay to the quantized values of reaching as the intensity on plane through limbs after ray sends from virtual bulb;
S6: quantized values is carried out visualization processing, convert the discernible gray level image of human eye to and export the result.
Further, described target limbs data set comprises volume unit three-dimensional coordinate and X line absorption rate, and described target limbs data set is four-dimensional character matrix.
Further, the locus of virtual bulb and imaging plane freely arranges in the space according to actual needs among the described step S3.
Further, can show the one or more bone pieces of target limbs data centralization among the described step S4, hide or the locus map function.
Further, comprise the radiation parameters of X ray when virtual image is set among the described step S5, described radiation parameters comprises magnitude of voltage and milliampere-second value.
Two of purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The virtual x-ray imaging system of human body osteoarthrosis provided by the invention comprises that data-reading unit, limbs digitized reconstruction unit, limbs data set are controlled the unit, virtual image is controlled unit, virtual image computing unit and the visual and output unit of X line image;
Described data-reading unit is used for being connected with Medical CT checkout facility data-interface, reads the CT scan data of target limbs;
Described limbs digitized reconstruction unit is used for the limbs view data is handled and the finite elements division, forms with volume unit and arranges the data set that forms;
Described limbs data set is controlled the unit, is used for the limbs data set is carried out segmentation of structures, and the bone piece is shown, hides or the locus map function;
Described virtual image is controlled the unit, is used for arranging locus and the radiation parameters of virtual bulb and imaging plane;
Described virtual image computing unit is used for calculating virtual ray arrives the intensity of imaging plane by limbs quantized values;
Visual and the output unit of described X line image is used for quantized values is converted to the discernible gray level image of human eye and exports the result.
Further, described limbs data set is the four-dimensional character matrix of being made up of volume unit three-dimensional coordinate and X line absorption rate.
Further, also comprise bone block space mover unit, one or more bone pieces row space evolution of going forward side by side be used for to be selected in described bone block space mover unit.
Further, comprise that also the bone piece is chosen to the picture subelement, described bone piece is chosen to the picture subelement, be used for to select one or more bone pieces and with selected bone piece at limbs data centralization show or hide.
Further, comprise that also analog parameter arranges subelement, described analog parameter arranges subelement, x-ray bombardment parameter when being used for virtual image is set, and described radiation parameters comprises magnitude of voltage and milliampere-second value.
The invention has the advantages that: virtual X line imaging method of the present invention is rebuild the osteoarticular CT scan data of human body and is formed the data set of being made up of coordinate and the X line absorption rate of volume unit; Arrive the process of imaging plane through limbs by numerical algorithm simulation ray; By visualization processing numerical result is converted to the discernible gray scale image of human eye and exports the result.By the position of virtual bulb and imaging plane is adjusted, can simulate from the space arbitrarily angledly, with different focus-film distances and a thing pitch of fins target limbs are carried out the X line and throw according to imaging.By the adjustment of logarithm value algorithm, can simulate difference and take the photograph the sheet parameter to the influence of final image.Take the photograph the sheet parameter and comprise magnitude of voltage (Kv), milliampere-second value (mAs) etc.
System also can cut apart and three-dimensional reconstruction the bone structure based on the CT value simultaneously.By choosing, can in whole imaging, one or more bone pieces be hidden, or the bone piece is carried out independent imaging; Can handle the bone piece carries out carrying out virtual image after the locus adjustment (as the simulation joint motion).User can use same CT data set to obtain the virtual image of the multiple position of limbs under changing.
The invention provides the virtual X line imaging of human body osteoarthrosis method and system.For orthopedist or radiodiagnosis doctor, the present invention can generate from arbitrarily angled limbs are thrown according to the X line image that produces, and helps its study X line anatomy, and the cognition of setting up between three dimensional structure and bidimensional image contacts.For radiologic technologist, the present invention can simulate different acquisition parameters and those who are investigated's position to the influence (as magnitude of voltage and exposure, focus-film distance and image fault etc.) of final imaging, helps its study to take the photograph the sheet skill; At special disease (as the fracture of some specific type, deformity etc.), the X line that the present invention can assisting sifting the best is taken the photograph sheet position and angle, for clinical reference.
Description of drawings
In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the virtual image floor map;
Fig. 2 is the virtual image schematic perspective view;
Fig. 3 is simulation different projection angle, focus-film distance and a thing pitch of fins;
Fig. 4 is virtual image optionally;
Fig. 5 is the virtual X line imaging of human body osteoarthrosis method flow diagram;
Fig. 6 is the virtual x-ray imaging system figure of human body osteoarthrosis.
The specific embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail; Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment only for the present invention is described, rather than in order to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the virtual image floor map, Fig. 2 is the virtual image schematic perspective view, Fig. 3 is simulation different projection angle, focus-film distance and a thing pitch of fins, among the figure, L1 represents a thing pitch of fins, and L2 represents focus-film distance, Fig. 4 is virtual image optionally, Fig. 5 is the virtual X line imaging of human body osteoarthrosis method flow diagram, and as shown in the figure: the virtual X line imaging of human body osteoarthrosis provided by the invention method may further comprise the steps:
The virtual X line imaging of human body osteoarthrosis provided by the invention method may further comprise the steps:
S1: the target limbs are carried out computer X-ray tomography thin slice scan (being CT) obtain the limbs view data;
S2: the limbs finite elements is divided, be converted into the data set of being formed by three-dimensional coordinate and the X line absorption rate of volume unit;
S3: the locus that virtual bulb and imaging plane are set;
S4: imaging region is selected or operation such as locus conversion in the limbs data centralization, this step can be selected to use according to practical situation;
S5: the quantized values that decays to the intensity of reaching the picture plane after calculating ray and send from virtual bulb by simulation algorithm through limbs;
S6: quantized values is carried out visualization processing, convert the discernible gray level image of human eye to and export the result.
Fig. 6 is the virtual x-ray imaging system figure of human body osteoarthrosis.As shown in the figure, present embodiment provides a kind of human body osteoarthrosis virtual x-ray imaging system, comprises that data-reading unit, limbs digitized reconstruction unit, limbs data set control that unit, virtual image computing unit are controlled in unit, virtual image, X line image is visual and output unit, bone block space mover unit, bone piece are chosen to as subelement and analog parameter subelement is set.
Described data-reading unit is used for being connected with Medical CT checkout facility data-interface, reads the CT scan data of target limbs;
Described limbs digitized reconstruction unit is used for the limbs view data is handled and the finite elements division, forms with volume unit and arranges the data set that forms;
Described limbs data set is controlled the unit, is used for the limbs data set is carried out segmentation of structures, and the bone piece is shown, hides or the locus map function;
Described virtual image is controlled the unit, is used for arranging locus and the radiation parameters of virtual bulb and imaging plane;
Described virtual image computing unit is used for calculating virtual ray arrives the intensity of imaging plane by limbs quantized values;
Visual and the output unit of described X line image is used for quantized values is converted to the discernible gray level image of human eye and exports the result.
Described limbs data set is the four-dimensional character matrix of being made up of volume unit three-dimensional coordinate and X line absorption rate.
One or more bone pieces row space evolution of going forward side by side be used for to be selected in described bone block space mover unit.
Described bone piece is chosen to the picture subelement, be used for to select one or more bone pieces and with selected bone piece at limbs data centralization show or hide.
Described analog parameter arranges subelement, x-ray bombardment parameter when being used for virtual image is set, and described radiation parameters comprises irradiation magnitude of voltage (Kv), milliampere-second value (mAs) etc.
The thin slice scan of clinical definition refers to scan bed thickness at 5mm and following tomoscan.In this example, in order to guarantee the quality of virtual image, need to improve the precision of scanning, make scanning bed thickness and layer apart from reaching 1mm or following.Its layer thicknesses refers to the thickness of scanning slice, and layer is apart from the distance that refers between the two-layer center.
The angle of the roentgen radiation x in the present embodiment is not unique, and the position of virtual bulb and imaging plane can freely arrange in the space, thereby obtains from the arbitrarily angled virtual X line image of the target limbs being thrown photograph.This function can be controlled the unit by the virtual image of native system and realize.Virtual image is controlled the threedimensional model of unit display-object limbs in interactive graphic interface and the area of space at place thereof, and the operator can control virtual bulb in the interface and imaging plane is freely laid in the space; Have parameterized interface simultaneously, show the information of the distance, angle etc. of virtual bulb and imaging plane and limbs, carry out quantified controlling for the operator.
System is divided into whole limbs limited volume unit and then makes up data set by CT scan and three-dimensionalreconstruction in the present embodiment.The number of volume unit and volume depend on resolution and the bed thickness of CT scan.For example, the resolution of CT faultage image is w*h, is l in the axial number of plies, then the number n=w*h*l of the volume unit of whole limbs division.Each volume unit comprises four values: coordinate figure x, the y in its space, z, and to the absorptance μ of X line.
If volume unit represents that with U then whole limbs data set is expressed as form:
U 1 ( X 1 Y 1 , Z 1 , μ 1 ) U 2 ( X 2 , Y 2 , Z 2 , μ 2 ) U 3 ( X 3 , Y 3 , Z 3 , μ 3 )
Wherein, n data are expressed as U n(X n, Y n, Z n, μ n), n is positive integer.Take the photograph the imaging process of sheet by the quantized values simulation X line of the intensity of limbs arrival imaging plane by calculating virtual ray in the present embodiment.Virtual ray is with initial strength I 0Send from virtual bulb, the absorption of m volume unit of process in the target limbs is finally with decay intensity I 1Arrive imaging plane.Volume unit is defined as { U1, U2 ... Um}, its corresponding X line absorption rate is { μ 1, μ 2..., μ m, then:
I 1 = I 0 e - Σ i = 1 m μ i , Wherein, m is positive integer;
After the decay intensity I1 of every virtual ray all calculates, can obtain the quantized values set { I1} of imaging plane; By visualization processing, numerical value is converted to gray level image, can obtain virtual X line image.
The major function of native system: by the position of virtual bulb and imaging plane is adjusted, can simulate from the space arbitrarily angledly, with different focus-film distances and a thing pitch of fins target limbs be carried out the photography of X line.By to virtual adjustment of taking the photograph the sheet algorithm, can simulate difference and take the photograph the sheet parameter to the influence of final image, as magnitude of voltage (Kv), milliampere-second (mAs) etc.Three-dimensional reconstruction can be cut apart the bone structure based on the CT value; By choosing, can carry out independent virtual image at one or more bone pieces.Simultaneously, can handle the bone piece and carry out the locus and adjust (as the simulation joint motion), go virtual X line imaging again, user can use same CT data set to obtain the virtual image of the different positions of limbs under changing.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification and not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention the present invention.Like this, if of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs within the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.

Claims (10)

1. the virtual X line imaging of human body osteoarthrosis method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
S1: obtain image data by the target limbs being carried out thin-layer CT scanning;
S2: the target limbs are carried out finite elements divide and be converted into target limbs data set;
S3: the locus that virtual bulb and imaging plane are set;
S4: imaging region is selected or the locus map function in target limbs data centralization;
S5: calculate and decay to the quantized values of reaching as the intensity on plane through limbs after ray sends from virtual bulb;
S6: quantized values is carried out visualization processing, convert the discernible gray level image of human eye to and export the result.
2. the virtual X line imaging of human body osteoarthrosis according to claim 1 method, it is characterized in that: described target limbs data set comprises volume unit three-dimensional coordinate and X line absorption rate, described target limbs data set is four-dimensional character matrix.
3. the virtual X line imaging of human body osteoarthrosis according to claim 1 method, it is characterized in that: the locus of virtual bulb and imaging plane freely arranges in the space according to actual needs among the described step S3.
4. the virtual X line imaging of human body osteoarthrosis according to claim 1 method is characterized in that: can show the one or more bone pieces of target limbs data centralization among the described step S4, hide or the locus map function.
5. the virtual X line imaging of human body osteoarthrosis according to claim 1 method, it is characterized in that: comprise the radiation parameters of X ray when virtual image is set among the described step S5, described radiation parameters comprises magnitude of voltage and milliampere-second value.
6. the imaging system of utilizing the virtual X line imaging of the described human body osteoarthrosis of claim 1 method to constitute is characterized in that: comprise that data-reading unit, limbs digitized reconstruction unit, limbs data set are controlled the unit, virtual image is controlled unit, virtual image computing unit and the visual and output unit of X line image;
Described data-reading unit is used for being connected with Medical CT checkout facility data-interface, reads the CT scan data of target limbs;
Described limbs digitized reconstruction unit is used for the limbs view data is handled and the finite elements division, forms with volume unit and arranges the data set that forms;
Described limbs data set is controlled the unit, is used for the limbs data set is carried out segmentation of structures, and the bone piece is shown, hides or the locus map function;
Described virtual image is controlled the unit, is used for arranging locus and the radiation parameters of virtual bulb and imaging plane;
Described virtual image computing unit is used for calculating virtual ray arrives the intensity of imaging plane by limbs quantized values;
Visual and the output unit of described X line image is used for quantized values is converted to the discernible gray level image of human eye and exports the result.
7. the virtual x-ray imaging system of human body osteoarthrosis according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the four-dimensional character matrix of described limbs data set for being made up of volume unit three-dimensional coordinate and X line absorption rate.
8. the virtual x-ray imaging system of human body osteoarthrosis according to claim 6 is characterized in that: also comprise bone block space mover unit, described bone block space mover unit is used for selecting one or more bone pieces row space evolution of going forward side by side.
9. the virtual x-ray imaging system of human body osteoarthrosis according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: comprise that also the bone piece is chosen to the picture subelement, described bone piece is chosen to the picture subelement, be used for to select one or more bone pieces and with selected bone piece at limbs data centralization show or hide.
10. the virtual x-ray imaging system of human body osteoarthrosis according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: comprise that also analog parameter arranges subelement, described analog parameter arranges subelement, x-ray bombardment parameter when being used for virtual image is set, and described radiation parameters comprises magnitude of voltage and milliampere-second value.
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