CN103238513A - Airborne device suitable for pollination work of unmanned aerial vehicle and pollination method thereof - Google Patents
Airborne device suitable for pollination work of unmanned aerial vehicle and pollination method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103238513A CN103238513A CN201310136515XA CN201310136515A CN103238513A CN 103238513 A CN103238513 A CN 103238513A CN 201310136515X A CN201310136515X A CN 201310136515XA CN 201310136515 A CN201310136515 A CN 201310136515A CN 103238513 A CN103238513 A CN 103238513A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an airborne device suitable for pollination work of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The airborne device comprises a flying vehicle and at least one pollination device, wherein the pollination device is mounted below the flying vehicle and comprises a duct housing, a fan, a wind guide pipe and a fixing frame; the fan is mounted at a wind inlet of the duct housing; a wind outlet of the duct housing is connected with a wind inlet of the wind guide pipe; the duct housing and the wind guide pipe are both fixedly connected with the fixing frame; the fixing frame is mounted below the flying vehicle; the wind guide pipe is provided with a bent part; the wind inlet of the wind guide pipe is communicated with a wind outlet of the wind guide pipe through the bent part; and the angle of the bent part is 90-180 degrees. Meanwhile, the invention further provides a pollination method of the airborne device suitable for the pollination work of the unmanned aerial vehicle. A wind field in the vertical direction is changed into a wind field in the horizontal direction, so that the pollination efficiency and the pollination effect are improved; and the influence of the wind field formed by the flying vehicle on the pollination work is also effectively isolated at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural machinery equipment field, be specifically related to a kind of airborne device and pollinating method thereof that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation.
Background technology
Supplementary pollination is an operation that specification requirement is strong, required precision is high, time requirement is tight.The pollination effect is influenced obviously by various factors, has proposed very high requirement for the pollination mode.Present artificial supplementary pollination comprises manpower formula and mechanical type, and not only labour intensity is big, efficient is low for manpower formula supplementary pollination, and the pollination uneven phenomenon is more obvious, has reduced the output of the production of hybrid seeds, spends the plenty of time simultaneously; The mechanical type pollination replaces the manpower pollination and can effectively increase work efficiency.But the prior mechanical pollination mainly also is confined to hand-held machine pollination and two kinds of forms of running type machine pollination.The hand-held machine pollination is very limited for the level of increasing work efficiency; There is the difficulty of going to the field again in running type machine, and gait of march is low.And above-mentioned two kinds of mechanical types all many complicated field environmental problems that are difficult to deal with such as easy damaged plant of pollinating.Therefore people begin to utilize can low latitude stabilized flight unmanned vehicle realize supplementary pollination.This utilization can low latitude stabilized flight unmanned vehicle supplementary pollination mode solved above-mentioned manpower formula and mechanical problems.As reduced labour intensity, reduced the influence of landform, also avoid damaging plant etc.
But the used middle-size and small-size unmanned plane of existing pollination adopts helicopter or multi-rotor aerocraft more, and the aircraft of this type possesses the basic function of VTOL, low-latitude flying, and its rotor produces wind-force and provides lift upwards for aircraft vertically downward.Simultaneously, these unmanned planes are realized supplementary pollination by the vertical wind field that aircraft produces.But, the direction that pollen diffuses to maternal plant from paternal plant in the pollination operation mainly is the horizontal direction along the influences of plant crown plane, so the vertical wind field that exists the rotor of aircraft own to produce in the pollination operation can directly influence the problem of the level of significance wind field of pollination needs, make the operating efficiency of unmanned plane pollination reduce, the pollination poor effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of simple and reasonable for structure in order to overcome the deficiency that above prior art exists, the effective airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation of pollinating; A kind of pollinating method that is applicable to the airborne device of unmanned plane pollination operation also is provided simultaneously.
Purpose of the present invention realizes by following technical scheme: originally be applicable to the airborne device of unmanned plane pollination operation, it is characterized in that: comprise aircraft and at least 1 pollinating device, described pollinating device is installed on the below of aircraft; Described pollinating device comprises duct shell, fan, guide duct and fixed mount, and described fan is installed on the air inlet of duct shell, and the air outlet of duct shell is connected with the air inlet of guide duct; Described duct shell is all fixedlyed connected with fixed mount with guide duct, and described fixed mount is installed on the below of aircraft; Described guide duct is provided with bend, and the air inlet of described guide duct is communicated with by bend with the air outlet of guide duct, and the angular dimension of described bend is 90 ° to 180 °.
The cross section of described duct shell can for circular, oval and square in any one.Circular of the present invention.Simultaneously be connected the employing slitless connection between the air outlet of the air inlet of guide duct and duct shell.And this slitless connection can be by fastener or realization such as be threaded.According to the profile of duct shell, described fixed mount is provided with U-lag, thus guarantee the duct shell more stable be fixed in fixed mount.
As a kind of preferred, the angular dimension of described bend is 90 °.
The quantity of described pollinating device is 4, the air outlet of described guide duct towards deviating from aircraft, 2 of described pollinating devices are one group, the central shaft of every group of relative aircraft of pollinating device is symmetrical arranged.Pollinating device is symmetrical arranged by every group, and weight is evenly distributed, and then the flight of aircraft is more stable, has guaranteed the stability of supplementary pollination.
The quantity of described pollinating device is 6, the air outlet of described guide duct towards deviating from aircraft, the circumference of the central shaft of the relative aircraft of described pollinating device evenly distributes.Principle when being 4 with the quantity of pollinating device is identical, and when the pollinating device circumference evenly distributed, distribution of weight was even, and the flight of aircraft is more stable, has guaranteed the stability of supplementary pollination.
The described airborne device of unmanned plane pollination operation that is applicable to also comprises many spoilers, flow-disturbing bar, tumbler, connecting rod and servomotor; Described many spoilers are installed on the air outlet of guide duct by the flow-disturbing bar; Described tumbler is L-shaped, and described tumbler is installed on the air opening end of guide duct, simultaneously, one end of described tumbler is connected in the flow-disturbing bar, the other end is connected in an end of connecting rod, and the other end of connecting rod is connected with the motor arm of servomotor, and described servomotor is installed on the lower end of fixed mount.The quantity of described spoiler can determine according to the air outlet width of guide duct and the actual wind field needs when of single spoiler width.The action of described spoiler can be passed through driven by servomotor.When the residing plane parallel of air outlet of the plate face of described spoiler and guide duct, the wind speed minimum of coming out from the air outlet of guide duct; And when the plate face of spoiler is vertical with the residing plane of the air outlet of guide duct, the wind speed maximum of coming out from the air outlet of guide duct; When the angle between the residing plane of air outlet of the plate face of spoiler and guide duct changed from small to large, wind speed increased gradually.Along with the change of angle, can change the sphere of action of horizontal wind field simultaneously.Namely increase the wind action scope of coming out from guide duct, improved the efficient of supplementary pollination.
Be the intake of the air inlet that increases the duct shell, the vertical setting of fuselage of described duct shell and aircraft.
The described airborne device of unmanned plane pollination operation that is applicable to also comprises linking arm and foot rest, described fixed mount is fixedly installed in the two ends of linking arm, described foot rest is made up of the support of 2 inverted T-shapeds, and 2 supports are " eight " font and distribute, and the upper end of described support is installed on the fuselage of aircraft.For reducing the weight of whole device, described linking arm and foot rest all adopt carbon fibre material.The length of described linking arm can be adjusted.
The lower end of described support is lower than pollinating device, and namely the lower end of described support is positioned at the below of pollinating device.When whole device and ground installation, pollinating device and ground have certain distance.Avoid when the airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation during from aerial landing, pollinating device and ground bump and damage.
Described aircraft comprises fuselage, 6 rotor motors, 6 rotors and 6 support arms, and described rotor is installed on the rotating shaft of rotor motor, and described rotor motor is installed on an end of support arm, and the other end of described support arm is fixed in fuselage; The circumference of the relative fuselage of described rotor motor evenly distributes.The quantity of rotor motor, rotor and support arm in the aircraft can determine according to the needs of actual conditions, as 4 or 8 etc.Simultaneously the type of aircraft can be selected for use according to actual conditions, and fuselage and support be easy to installation or removal, thereby makes things convenient for the replacing of aircraft.
Can adopt the action of control mode control servomotor, rotor motor and the fan of remote control or control automatically among the present invention.
The described pollinating method that is applicable to the airborne device of unmanned plane pollination operation may further comprise the steps:
A, aircraft takeoff, aircraft drives pollinating device and flies to paternal plant then, and the air outlet that makes guide duct is towards paternal plant;
B, start fan and rotate, make the air current flow of the inner chamber of duct shell form the wind of vertical direction, the wind of vertical direction enters guide duct from the duct shell, and the wind of vertical direction is through behind the bend of guide duct, and the wind of vertical direction is transformed into the wind of horizontal direction; Then, the wind of horizontal direction comes from the air outlet of guide duct, and the pollen that blows paternal plant moves to the maternal plant direction, realizes the purpose of pollination from face.
Operation principle of the present invention: after the aircraft takeoff, drive the canopy top that pollinating device flies to deliver to plant, aircraft keeps low-altitude low-speed stabilized flight simultaneously, and the air outlet that makes guide duct is towards plant; Then, fan rotates, and fan makes and produces air-flow formation wind in the duct shell, and the vertical direction wind field that aircraft produces makes the air inlet place of duct shell produce jet effect, namely increase fan to the air inflow in the duct shell, improve the air velocity of duct shell inner cavity; Wind enters guide duct from the duct shell, and when wind passed through the bend of guide duct, the direction of wind changed, and is varied to the wind of horizontal direction from the wind of vertical direction, is diffused into maternal plant thereby be conducive to pollen from paternal plant, improves pollination efficiency.
The present invention has following advantage with respect to prior art:
(1) the present invention adopts the guide duct with bend, makes the wind field of vertical direction change the wind field of horizontal direction into, thereby the direction of wind field and the dispersal direction of pollen are coincide, and the diffusion of the pollen of more getting profit is arranged, and has improved the efficient of pollination.
(2) duct shell, guide duct and fixed mount etc. can have the vertical wind field of handing over the generation of isolation aircraft to the influence that plant pollinates among the present invention, have guaranteed the effect of pollination.
The reaction force direction that produces when (3) fan rotates in the pollinating device of the present invention is perpendicular to the fuselage of aircraft, be that this reaction force acts is in the fuselage of aircraft, this neither influences the flight attitude of aircraft, certain lift also is provided simultaneously, therefore being more suitable for aircraft carries out low-latitude flying, has ensured the effect of supplementary pollination.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation that is applicable to the airborne device of unmanned plane pollination operation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the single pollinating device among the present invention.
Fig. 3 be embodiment 1 do not comprise aircraft the time the structural representation of the airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
A kind of airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, it is characterized in that: comprise aircraft 1 and at least 1 pollinating device 2, described pollinating device 2 is installed on the below of aircraft 1; Described pollinating device 2 comprises duct shell 21, fan 22, guide duct 23 and fixed mount 24, and described fan 22 is installed on the air inlet 211 of duct shell 21, and the air outlet of duct shell 21 is connected with the air inlet of guide duct; Described duct shell 21 is all fixedlyed connected with fixed mount 24 with guide duct 23, and described fixed mount 24 is installed on the below of aircraft 1; Described guide duct 23 is provided with bend 232, and the air inlet of described guide duct 23 is communicated with by bend 232 with the air outlet of guide duct 231, and the angular dimension of described bend 232 is 90 °.
The cross section of described duct shell 21 can be circle.Realize slitless connection by fastener between the air outlet of the air inlet of guide duct 23 and duct shell 21 simultaneously.According to the profile of duct shell 21, described fixed mount 24 is provided with U-lag, thus guarantee duct shell 21 more stable be fixed in fixed mount 24.
The quantity of described pollinating device 2 is 4, the air outlet 231 of described guide duct 23 towards deviating from aircraft 1,2 of described pollinating devices are one group, the central shaft of every group of pollinating device 2 relative aircraft 1 is symmetrical arranged.Pollinating device 2 is symmetrical arranged by every group, and weight is evenly distributed, and then the flight of aircraft 1 is more stable, has guaranteed the stability of supplementary pollination.
The described airborne device of unmanned plane pollination operation that is applicable to also comprises many spoilers 5, flow-disturbing bar 7, tumbler 6, connecting rod 4 and servomotor 3; Described many spoilers 5 are installed on the air outlet 231 of guide duct 23 by flow-disturbing bar 7; Described tumbler 6 is L-shaped, described tumbler 6 is installed on the air opening end of guide duct 23, simultaneously, one end of described tumbler 6 is connected in flow-disturbing bar 7, the other end is connected in an end of connecting rod 4, the other end of connecting rod 4 is connected with the motor arm of servomotor 3, and described servomotor 3 is installed on the lower end of fixed mount 24.The quantity of described spoiler 5 can determine according to air outlet 231 width of guide duct 23 and the actual wind field needs when of single spoiler 5 width.The action of described spoiler 5 can drive by servomotor 3.When the air outlet 231 residing plane parallel of the plate face of described spoiler 5 and guide duct 23, the wind speed minimum of coming out from the air outlet 231 of guide duct 23; And when the plate face of spoiler 5 is vertical with the air outlet 231 residing planes of guide duct 23, the wind speed maximum of coming out from the air outlet 231 of guide duct 23; When the angle between the air outlet 231 residing planes of the plate face of spoiler 5 and guide duct 23 changed from small to large, wind speed increased gradually.Along with the change of angle, can change the sphere of action of horizontal wind field simultaneously.Namely increase the wind action scope of coming out from guide duct 23, improved the efficient of supplementary pollination.
Be the intake of the air inlet 211 that increases duct shell 21, the vertical setting of fuselage of described duct shell 21 and aircraft 1.
The described airborne device of unmanned plane pollination operation that is applicable to also comprises linking arm 9 and foot rest 8, described fixed mount 24 is fixedly installed in the two ends of linking arm 9, described foot rest 8 is made up of the support of 2 inverted T-shapeds, and 2 supports are " eight " font and distribute, and the upper end of described support is installed on the fuselage 11 of aircraft 1.For reducing the weight of whole device, described linking arm 9 and foot rest 8 all adopt carbon fibre material.
The lower end of described support is lower than pollinating device 2, and namely the lower end of described support is positioned at the below of pollinating device 2.When whole device and ground installation, pollinating device 2 has certain distance with ground.Avoid when the airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation during from aerial landing, pollinating device 2 and ground bump and damage.
Described aircraft comprises fuselage 11,6 rotor motors 12,6 rotors 13 and 6 support arms 14, described rotor 13 is installed on the rotating shaft of rotor motor 12, described rotor motor 12 is installed on an end of support arm 14, and the other end of described support arm 14 is fixed in fuselage 11; The circumference of described rotor motor 12 relative fuselages 11 evenly distributes.The quantity of the rotor motor 12 in the aircraft 1, rotor 13 and support arm 14 can determine according to the needs of actual conditions, as 4 or 8 etc.
The mode of employing remote control is controlled the action of servomotor 3, rotor motor 12 and fan 22 among the present invention.
The described pollinating method that is applicable to the airborne device of unmanned plane pollination operation may further comprise the steps:
A, aircraft 1 take off, and aircraft 1 drives pollinating device 2 and flies to paternal plant then, and the air outlet 231 that makes guide duct 23 is towards paternal plant;
B, startup fan 22 rotate, make the air current flow of the inner chamber of duct shell 21 form the wind of vertical direction, the wind of vertical direction enters guide duct 23 from duct shell 21, and the wind of vertical direction is through behind the bend 232 of guide duct 23, and the wind of vertical direction is transformed into the wind of horizontal direction; Then, the wind of horizontal direction is from the air outlet 231 of guide duct 23, and the pollen that blows paternal plant moves to the maternal plant direction, realizes the purpose of pollination from face.
Operation principle of the present invention: after aircraft 1 takes off, drive the canopy top that pollinating device 2 flies to deliver to plant, aircraft 1 keeps low-altitude low-speed stabilized flight simultaneously, and the air outlet 231 that makes guide duct 23 is towards plant; Then, fan 22 rotates, fan 22 makes and produces air-flow formation wind in the duct shell 21, and the vertical direction wind field that aircraft 1 produces makes air inlet 211 places of duct shell 21 produce jet effect, namely increase the air inflow in 22 pairs of duct shells of fan 21, improve the air velocity of duct shell 21 inner chambers; Wind enters guide duct 23 from duct shell 21, and when wind passed through the bend 232 of guide duct 23, the direction of wind changed, and is varied to the wind of horizontal direction from the wind of vertical direction, is diffused into maternal plant thereby be conducive to pollen from paternal plant, improves pollination efficiency.
Originally the airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation except following feature with embodiment 1: the angular dimension of described bend 232 is 135 °.
Originally the airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation except following feature with embodiment 1: the quantity of described pollinating device 2 is 6, the air outlet 231 of described guide duct 23 towards deviating from aircraft 1, the circumference of 1 central shaft of described pollinating device 2 relative aircraft evenly distributes.Principle when being 4 with the quantity of pollinating device 2 is identical, and when pollinating device 2 circumference evenly distributed, distribution of weight was even, and the flight of aircraft 1 is more stable, has guaranteed the stability of supplementary pollination.
Above-mentioned embodiment is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, can not limit the present invention, and other any change or other equivalent substitute mode that does not deviate from technical scheme of the present invention and make is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation, it is characterized in that: comprise aircraft and at least 1 pollinating device, described pollinating device is installed on the below of aircraft; Described pollinating device comprises duct shell, fan, guide duct and fixed mount, and described fan is installed on the air inlet of duct shell, and the air outlet of duct shell is connected with the air inlet of guide duct; Described duct shell is all fixedlyed connected with fixed mount with guide duct, and described fixed mount is installed on the below of aircraft; Described guide duct is provided with bend, and the air inlet of described guide duct is communicated with by bend with the air outlet of guide duct, and the angular dimension of described bend is 90 ° to 180 °.
2. the airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the angular dimension of described bend is 90 °.
3. the airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the quantity of described pollinating device is 4, the air outlet of described guide duct towards deviating from aircraft, 2 of described pollinating devices are one group, and the central shaft of every group of relative aircraft of pollinating device is symmetrical arranged.
4. the airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the quantity of described pollinating device is 6, the air outlet of described guide duct towards deviating from aircraft, the circumference of the central shaft of the relative aircraft of described pollinating device evenly distributes.
5. the airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise many spoilers, flow-disturbing bar, tumbler, connecting rod and servomotor; Described many spoilers are installed on the air outlet of guide duct by the flow-disturbing bar; Described tumbler is L-shaped, and described tumbler is installed on the air opening end of guide duct, simultaneously, one end of described tumbler is connected in the flow-disturbing bar, the other end is connected in an end of connecting rod, and the other end of connecting rod is connected with the motor arm of servomotor, and described servomotor is installed on the lower end of fixed mount.
6. the airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the vertical setting of fuselage of described duct shell and aircraft.
7. the airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise linking arm and foot rest, described fixed mount is fixedly installed in the two ends of linking arm, described foot rest is made up of the support of 2 inverted T-shapeds, and 2 supports are " eight " font and distribute, and the upper end of described support is installed on the fuselage of aircraft.
8. the airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the lower end of described support is lower than pollinating device, and namely the lower end of described support is positioned at the below of pollinating device.
9. the airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described aircraft comprises fuselage, 6 rotor motors, 6 rotors and 6 support arms, described rotor is installed on the rotating shaft of rotor motor, described rotor motor is installed on an end of support arm, and the other end of described support arm is fixed in fuselage; The circumference of the relative fuselage of described rotor motor evenly distributes.
10. according to any described a kind of pollinating method that is applicable to the airborne device of unmanned plane pollination operation of airborne device that is applicable to unmanned plane pollination operation in the claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, aircraft takeoff, aircraft drives pollinating device and flies to paternal plant then, and the air outlet that makes guide duct is towards paternal plant;
B, start fan and rotate, make the air current flow of the inner chamber of duct shell form the wind of vertical direction, the wind of vertical direction enters guide duct from the duct shell, and the wind of vertical direction is through behind the bend of guide duct, and the wind of vertical direction is transformed into the wind of horizontal direction; Then, the wind of horizontal direction comes from the air outlet of guide duct, and the pollen that blows paternal plant moves to the maternal plant direction, realizes the purpose of pollination from face.
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| CN103661946A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-26 | 江苏大学 | Flow diversion anti-drifting devices for rotary-wing unmanned plane mist spraying |
| CN105494085B (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2017-12-01 | 沈阳金丰春航空科技有限公司 | More rotor breeding fields increase production supple-mentary pollination machine |
| CN105494085A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-20 | 沈阳金丰春航空科技有限公司 | Multi-rotor-wing auxiliary pollination machine for increasing yield of breeding field |
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