CN103235261A - System and method thereof for testing endurance of symmetrical motor - Google Patents
System and method thereof for testing endurance of symmetrical motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103235261A CN103235261A CN2013101407542A CN201310140754A CN103235261A CN 103235261 A CN103235261 A CN 103235261A CN 2013101407542 A CN2013101407542 A CN 2013101407542A CN 201310140754 A CN201310140754 A CN 201310140754A CN 103235261 A CN103235261 A CN 103235261A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for testing endurance of a symmetrical motor. The system comprises two to-be-tested motors, two environment compartments, two cooling machine units, a torque sensor, two motor controllers, a coupling and a rectifying unit, wherein the two to-be-tested motors are respectively a three-phase alternating current motor, the temperatures of the interiors of the environment compartments are adjustable, the environment compartments are used for respectively accommodating the two to-be-tested motors, the two cooling machine units are used for respectively radiating the heat of windings of the two to-be-tested motors, the torque sensor is arranged on a rotary shaft of any to-be-tested motor, the first motor controller is used for controlling the current of the direct shaft and the rotation speed of the rotary shaft of the first to-be-tested motor, the second motor controller is used for controlling the current of the direct shaft and the quadrature axis current of the second to-be-tested motor, the rotary shafts of the two to-be-tested motors are connected by the coupling to ensure the uniform rotation speeds of the two rotary shafts, and the rectifying unit is used for converting the alternating current into the constant direct current, and then is used for respectively supplying power to the two motors. The invention also discloses a test method. The test system has the advantages that the structure is simple, the test efficiency is higher, and the universality is higher.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to the system that a kind of motor to new-energy automobile (hybrid vehicle, pure electric automobile etc.) carries out durability test.
Background technology
Drive motor is the core component of new-energy automobile, adopts three phase alternating current motor usually, is preferably permagnetic synchronous motor.The serviceable life of motor and reliability direct relation life-span and the safety of car load, therefore in the drive motor performance history of new-energy automobile, it is carried out durability test be absolutely necessary.The durability test of motor is based on the operation conditions of motor in actual road conditions, carries out equivalence and strengthens experiment, adds the aging of speed motor.Described equivalence is strengthened experiment and is comprised that motor is at the durability experiment of hot environment operation, the durability experiment that motor moves in the high and low temperature environment alternate cycles etc.Strengthen the overall performance that experiment finishes back assessment motor in described equivalence, judge whether motor can also normally use.
See also Fig. 1, this is existing a kind of three phase alternating current motor test macro, comprising:
---treat measured motor 10, be three phase alternating current motor.
---environmental chamber 11, temperature is adjustable in the cabin, treats that measured motor 10 just is placed in the environmental chamber 11.
---mounting bracket 12(is optional), be used for fixedly treating measured motor 10.
---cooling unit 13, be used to the winding heat radiation for the treatment of measured motor 10, for example adopt Water Cooling Technology.
---torque sensor 15, be arranged in the rotating shaft for the treatment of measured motor 10, be used for measuring the torque of the rotating shaft for the treatment of measured motor 10 and showing and/or record.
---electric machine controller 19, with dc inverter be behind the alternating current as the working power for the treatment of measured motor 10, also controlling the output torque of the rotating shaft for the treatment of measured motor 10.
---dynamometer machine 20 is ac dynamometer.Its essence is to have increased dynamometer and tech-generator on the basis of three phase alternating current motor.
---shaft coupling 30, the rotating shaft for the treatment of measured motor 10 is connected with the rotating shaft of dynamometer machine 20, guarantee the rotating speed unanimity of two axles.
---Dynamometer Control device 29, with dc inverter be behind the alternating current as the working power of dynamometer machine 20, also controlling the output speed of the rotating shaft of dynamometer machine 20.
---rectification unit 31 is used for alternating current is transformed to direct current.One the tunnel is 29 power supplies of Dynamometer Control device then, and another road passes to dc-battery simulator 32.
---dc-battery simulator 32 is used for the DC voltage of fixed value, current transformation are adjustable DC voltage, electric current within the specific limits, and is that electric machine controller 19 is powered.Described motor durability testing system the test different model treat measured motor 10 time, these electric pressures for the treatment of measured motor 10 may differ greatly, therefore this dc-battery simulator 32 need be arranged, in order to adapt to the power demands for the treatment of measured motor 10 of different electric pressures.
The principle of work of motor durability testing system shown in Figure 1 is: 29 pairs of dynamometer machines of Dynamometer Control device 20 adopt the rotating speed control model, drive the constant rotating speed of rotating shaft output of dynamometer machine 20.Because the rotating shaft of dynamometer machine 20 is connected by shaft coupling 30 with the rotating shaft for the treatment of measured motor 10, thereby the rotating shaft for the treatment of measured motor 10 is also being driven and is being kept constant rotating speed.Electric machine controller 19 is treated measured motor 10 and is adopted the torque control models, treats that by adjustment the three-phase current of measured motor 10 changes the output torque for the treatment of measured motor 10, and treat measured motor 10 the three-phase current major decision its winding temperature.When environmental chamber 11 is adjusted into default environment temperature, and the winding temperature of standby motor 10 can be treated the durability test of measured motor 10 when also reaching preset value.
In test process, lifting or reduction treat that the winding temperature of measured motor 10 has following technological means or its combination:
First kind, export to the three-phase current for the treatment of measured motor 10 by electric machine controller 19 changes and change the winding temperature for the treatment of measured motor 10.
Second kind, change the winding temperature for the treatment of measured motor 10 by the flow of opening or closing cooling unit 13, adjustment liquid coolant, temperature or its combination in any of adjusting liquid coolant.
Described measured motor 10 and the dynamometer machine 20 treated all has two kinds of mode of operations: motor, engine.And one of them works in electric motor mode, and then another just works in generator mode; Vice versa.Therefore, the electric energy in the whole motor durability testing system can be recycling.The electric energy that replenishes can be obtained by rectification unit 31.Described rectification unit 31 is reproducible, namely comprises inverter circuit.As need output electric energy, also can outwards be exported by this reproducible rectification unit 31.
Above-mentioned motor durability testing system has following shortcoming:
One adopts a dynamometer machine 20 to drag a mode for the treatment of measured motor 10, once can only test one and treat measured motor 10, and testing efficiency is lower.
Its two, electric machine controller 19 is treated measured motor 10 and is adopted the torque control models, specifically is to treat that by adjustment the three-phase current of measured motor 10 changes the output torque for the treatment of measured motor 10.Change different model treat measured motor 10 after, often need to change electric machine controller 19 simultaneously, cause cost higher.If do not change electric machine controller simultaneously, just need in electric machine controller 19, set up the restriction relation between the rotating speed for the treatment of measured motor 10, torque and the electric current after changing, this coupling cycle is quite very long, can reach tens days usually, tends to have influence on the experiment progress.Thereby the versatility of prior motor durability testing system is relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
The application's technical matters to be solved provides that a kind of testing efficiency is higher, the better motor durability testing system of versatility.For this reason, the application also will provide the method for testing of described motor durability testing system.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the application's symmetrical expression motor durability testing system comprises:
---treat for two to be three phase alternating current motor by measured motor;
---two environmental chambers, temperature is all adjustable in the cabin, holds two respectively and treats measured motor;
---two cooling units, being respectively applied to is two winding heat radiations for the treatment of measured motor;
---torque sensor is arranged in the rotating shaft for the treatment of measured motor arbitrarily;
---two electric machine controllers, first motor controller controls first is treated the direct-axis current of measured motor and the rotating speed of rotating shaft, second motor controller controls second is treated the direct-axis current of measured motor and is handed over shaft current;
---shaft coupling, two rotating shafts for the treatment of measured motor are connected, guarantee the rotating speed unanimity of two axles;
---rectification unit, alternating current is transformed to constant DC, be respectively two electric machine controller power supplies then.
The method of testing of above-mentioned symmetrical expression motor durability testing system is:
At first, first motor controller controls first is treated the rotating speed of the rotating shaft of measured motor, and second rotating shaft for the treatment of measured motor is also being driven has same rotational speed;
Then, second motor controller controls second and is treated the direct-axis current of measured motor and hand over shaft current, treats that until second the winding temperature of measured motor reaches second preset value;
Again, first electric machine controller is also being controlled first direct-axis current for the treatment of measured motor, makes first to treat that the winding temperature of measured motor reaches first preset value; Second preset value and first preset value are identical or different;
When two environmental chambers are made as separately preset value, and after two cooling units open, treat that to two measured motor carries out durability test simultaneously.
In the application's symmetrical expression motor durability testing system, no longer be that a dynamometer machine drags a mode of operation for the treatment of measured motor, but treat the mode of operation of measured motor to dragging by two, this has not only simplified system architecture, and makes testing efficiency double.Wherein treat that measured motor is subjected to rotating speed and the direct-axis current control of electric machine controller for one, another treats that measured motor is subjected to the direct-axis current of electric machine controller and hands over shaft current control.This control method makes two three-phase currents for the treatment of measured motor all can accurately regulate; Have better generality than existing rotating speed and torque control simultaneously, can test the measured motor for the treatment of of different model easily.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior motor durability testing system;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the application's symmetrical expression motor durability testing system.
Description of reference numerals among the figure:
10 for treating measured motor; 10a first treats measured motor; 10b second treats measured motor; 11 is environmental chamber; 11a is the first environment cabin; 11b is the second environment cabin; 12 is mounting bracket; 12a is first mounting bracket; 12b is second mounting bracket; 13 are the cooling unit; 13a is the first cooling unit; 13b is the second cooling unit; 14 is speed probe; 15 is torque sensor; 19 is electric machine controller; 19a is first electric machine controller; 19b is second electric machine controller; 20 is dynamometer machine; 30 is shaft coupling; 31 is rectification unit; 32 is the dc-battery simulator.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 2, this is the application's symmetrical expression motor durability testing system, comprising:
---first treats that measured motor 10a and second treats measured motor 10b, is three phase alternating current motor, is preferably permagnetic synchronous motor or synchronous magnetic resistance motor.If two are treated that measured motor 10a, 10b are same model, then are preferred forms.
---first environment cabin 11a and second environment cabin 11b, temperature is all adjustable in the cabin.First treats that measured motor 10a is placed in the 11a of first environment cabin, and its rotating shaft can be stretched out from the 11a of first environment cabin.Second treats that measured motor 10b is placed in the 11b of second environment cabin, and its rotating shaft can be stretched out from the 11b of second environment cabin.
---the first mounting bracket 12a and the second mounting bracket 12b(are all optional), be respectively applied to fix first and treat that measured motor 10a and second treats measured motor 10b.
---the first cooling unit 13a and the second cooling unit 13b, being respectively applied to is the winding heat radiation that first winding, second for the treatment of measured motor 10a is treated measured motor 10b, for example adopts Water Cooling Technology.The temperature of liquid coolant and flow velocity all can be regulated.
---position transducer 14(is optional), be arranged on first and treat in the rotating shaft of measured motor 10a or second treat in the rotating shaft of measured motor 10b.Described position transducer 14 is for detection of the rotating shaft position for the treatment of measured motor 10a, 10b, and this rotating shaft position also can be converted to tach signal, and offers two electric machine controller 19a, 19b.The first electric machine controller 19a can carry out rotating speed control and Parker inverse transformation according to rotating shaft position or tach signal.The second electric machine controller 19b can carry out the Parker inverse transformation according to tach signal.Usually treating that measured motor 10a, 10b inside are integrated with position transducer, that just need not to arrange independent position transducer 14, and detects rotating shaft position or rotating speed by position transducer separately.If treat measured motor 10a, the not integrated position transducer in 10b inside, then position transducer 14 need be set separately.
---torque sensor 15, be arranged on first and treat in the rotating shaft of measured motor 10a or second treat in the rotating shaft of measured motor 10b, be used for measuring the torques of two rotating shafts for the treatment of measured motor 10a, 10b and show and/or records.
---the first electric machine controller 19a and the second electric machine controller 19b, the first electric machine controller 19a are used for controlling first and treat the direct-axis current of measured motor 10a and the rotating speed of rotating shaft.The second electric machine controller 19b is used for controlling second and treats the direct-axis current of measured motor 10b and hand over shaft current.When three phase alternating current motor is analyzed, often a, b, the c three-phase current with stator projects to the d-axis (d axle) that rotates along with rotor, hand over axle (q axle) and zero axle (0) perpendicular to the dq plane to get on, namely be transformed into the dq0 coordinate system from the abc coordinate system, this is called Parker conversion (Park's Transformation).Otherwise be called the Parker inverse transformation.
---shaft coupling 30, two rotating shafts for the treatment of measured motor 10a, 10b are connected, guarantee the rotating speed unanimity of two axles.
---rectification unit 31, be used for alternating current is transformed to constant DC, be respectively two electric machine controller 19a, 19b power supplies then.In two electric machine controller 19a, 19b, all have inverter circuit, be used for changing direct current into alternating current, then respectively as two working powers for the treatment of measured motor 10a, 10b.
The principle of work of symmetrical expression motor durability testing system shown in Figure 2 is:
At first, the first electric machine controller 19a is controlling first rotating speed for the treatment of measured motor 10a, drives the first constant rotating speed of rotating shaft output for the treatment of measured motor 10a.Because two rotating shafts for the treatment of measured motor 10a, 10b are connected by shaft coupling 30, thereby second rotating shaft for the treatment of measured motor 10b is also being driven and is being kept constant rotating speed.
Then, the second electric machine controller 19b is controlling second and is treating the direct-axis current of measured motor 10b and hand over shaft current (can be converted to three-phase current by the Parker inverse transformation), and change the second output torque for the treatment of measured motor 10b thus, and direct-axis current and friendship shaft current major decision second winding temperature for the treatment of measured motor 10b.Any model treat all to be integrated with among measured motor 10a, the 10b temperature sensor for detection of winding temperature.When second environment cabin 11b is adjusted into default second environment temperature, and the winding temperature of the second standby motor 10b is when also reaching second preset value, can carry out second durability test for the treatment of measured motor 10b.
Again, when second treats measured motor 10b output torque, because two rotating shafts for the treatment of measured motor 10a, 10b are connected by shaft coupling 30, thereby first rotating shaft for the treatment of measured motor 10a is also being driven to produce and is being treated the torque that level of torque is identical, direction is opposite that measured motor 10b is exported with second.Because the first electric machine controller 19a is also controlling first direct-axis current for the treatment of measured motor 10a, first treat that the friendship shaft current of measured motor 10a is just retrained jointly by described opposite moment and direct-axis current institute so.Direct-axis current and hand over shaft current to be converted to three-phase current by the Parker inverse transformation, thus first winding temperature for the treatment of measured motor 10a controlled.When first environment cabin 11a is adjusted into default first environment temperature, and the winding temperature of the first standby motor 10a is when also reaching first preset value, can carry out first durability test for the treatment of measured motor 10a.
Wherein, the adjustment of two environmental chamber 11a, 11b, two are cooled off the opening time of unit 13a, 13b and can be placed on arbitrary steps to the temperature of liquid coolant and the adjusting of flow.Generally speaking, regulate the temperature of two environmental chamber 11a, 11b earlier, and it is too high to prevent two winding temperatures for the treatment of measured motor 10a, 10b to open two cooling unit 13a, 13b, is comparatively common.
When treating that measured motor 10a, 10b are same model for two, make two to treat that measured motor 10a, 10b are operated under the identical or close operating mode usually, namely environment temperature and winding temperature all are consistent.At this moment, two three-phase currents for the treatment of measured motor 10a, 10b also are consistent substantially, and two cooling unit 13a, 13b also keep identical coolant temperature and flow usually, and minor deviations may be arranged.But owing to work in generator mode and electric motor mode respectively, treat the direct-axis current of measured motor 10a, 10b and hand over shaft current that certain deviation must be arranged for two.
Treat that measured motor 10a, 10b all have two kinds of mode of operations for described two: motor, engine, they can conversion arbitrarily between these two kinds of mode of operations.But wherein a machine operation to be measured is in the electric motor mode consumed power, and then another treats that measured motor just works in generator mode and produces electric energy; Vice versa.Therefore, the electric energy in the whole motor durability testing system can be recycling.Energy flows to treating the corresponding electric machine controller of measured motor from the DC terminal of rectification unit to the motor mode of operation, again to the measured motor for the treatment of of motor mode of operation, arrive shaft coupling again, again to the measured motor for the treatment of of generator mode of operation, again to the generator mode of operation treat the corresponding electric machine controller of measured motor, return the DC terminal of rectification unit.The system loss that produces in this process comprises that copper loss, iron loss, mechanical loss etc. all want consumed power, and the electric energy of consumption is obtained from exchanging end by rectification unit 31.Described rectification unit 31 is reproducible, namely comprises inverter circuit.Under special operation condition, for example motor is cut off the electricity supply suddenly, and generator has produced high pulling torque moment braking, and then energy feedback in short-term can take place total system.The energy of feedback also can be by this reproducible rectification unit 31 to exchanging end output.
Treat that measured motor 10a, 10b all have two kinds of control models for described two: rotating speed and direct-axis current control model, friendship shaft current and direct-axis current control model, they can conversion arbitrarily between these two kinds of control models.But, wherein treat that measured motor is in rotating speed and direct-axis current control model for one, then another treats that measured motor just works in friendship shaft current and direct-axis current control model; Vice versa.
Compare with the prior motor durability testing system, the application's symmetrical expression motor durability testing system has following characteristics:
One adopts two modes for the treatment of that measured motor 10a, 10b test mutually, has both omitted dynamometer machine 20, has reduced the equipment input cost; Can treat that to two measured motor carries out durability test simultaneously again, testing efficiency is double.
Its two, the first electric machine controller 19a treats measured motor 10a output speed control signal and direct axis current signal to first, and the second electric machine controller 19b treats measured motor 10b output direct axis current signal and hands over axis current signal second.These signals and the relation between the winding temperature of measured motor for the treatment of can be obtained by simulation software, also can estimate by known motor attribute, only need several minutes time to get final product usually.Under the prerequisite of not changing two electric machine controller 19a, 19b, can replace arbitrarily and treat measured motor, thereby strengthen the versatility of the application's symmetrical expression motor durability testing system greatly.
Treat that measured motor 10a, 10b may be different models, also may be same model for two.Even if be same model, but also can there be nuance physically, says nothing of both and work in generator and electric motor mode respectively.The application treats that to second measured motor 10b adopts friendship, direct-axis current control model completely, treat that to first measured motor 10a has also opened direct-axis current control, thereby can finally make two to treat that measured motor 10a, 10b reach the winding temperature of setting separately respectively by adjusting first direct-axis current for the treatment of measured motor 10a.
Its three, two electric machine controller 19a, 19b preferably adopt the model of voltage levels, thereby adapt to the measured motor for the treatment of of various electric pressures, and this has also just saved the cost of dc-battery simulator (DC/DC unit) 32.
Be the application's preferred embodiment only below, and be not used in restriction the application.For a person skilled in the art, the application can have various changes and variation.All within the application's spirit and principle, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the application's the protection domain.
Claims (9)
1. a symmetrical expression motor durability testing system is characterized in that, comprising:
---treat for two to be three phase alternating current motor by measured motor;
---two environmental chambers, temperature is all adjustable in the cabin, holds two respectively and treats measured motor;
---two cooling units are respectively two winding heat radiations for the treatment of measured motor;
---torque sensor is arranged in the rotating shaft for the treatment of measured motor arbitrarily;
---two electric machine controllers, first motor controller controls first is treated the direct-axis current of measured motor and the rotating speed of rotating shaft, second motor controller controls second is treated the direct-axis current of measured motor and is handed over shaft current;
---shaft coupling, two rotating shafts for the treatment of measured motor are connected, guarantee the rotating speed unanimity of two axles;
---rectification unit, alternating current is transformed to constant DC, be respectively two electric machine controller power supplies then.
2. symmetrical expression motor durability testing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, treats that measured motor is permagnetic synchronous motor or synchronous magnetic resistance motor for described two.
3. symmetrical expression motor durability testing system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, treats that measured motor is permagnetic synchronous motor or the synchronous magnetic resistance motor of same model for described two.
4. symmetrical expression motor durability testing system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when two not integrated position transducers of motor internal to be measured, then the rotating shaft at any motor to be measured arranges position transducer, for detection of two rotor-position or rotating speeds for the treatment of measured motor; When two motor internals to be measured are integrated with position transducer, then detect rotor-position or the rotating speed for the treatment of measured motor separately.
5. symmetrical expression motor durability testing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described two cooling units all adopt water-cooling pattern, and coolant temperature and flow are all adjustable.
6. the method for testing of a symmetrical expression motor durability testing system is characterized in that,
At first, first motor controller controls, first rotating speed of motor to be measured, second treats that measured motor is also being driven by shaft coupling has same rotational speed;
Then, second motor controller controls second and is treated the direct-axis current of measured motor and hand over shaft current, treats that until second the winding temperature of measured motor reaches second preset value;
At last, first electric machine controller is also being controlled first direct-axis current for the treatment of measured motor, makes first to treat that the winding temperature of measured motor reaches first preset value; Second preset value and first preset value are identical or different;
When two environmental chambers are made as separately preset value, and after two cooling units all open, treat that to two measured motor carries out durability test simultaneously.
7. the method for testing of symmetrical expression motor durability testing system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, treats that measured motor all has two kinds of mode of operations: generator mode, electric motor mode for two; And treat all changeable mode of operations of measured motor for every, but work as a machine operation to be measured in generator mode, then another treats that measured motor just works in electric motor mode; Vice versa.
8. the method for testing of symmetrical expression motor durability testing system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, treats that measured motor all has two kinds of control models for two: rotating speed and direct-axis current control model, friendship shaft current and direct-axis current control model; And treat all changeable control models of measured motor for every, treat that measured motor is in rotating speed and direct-axis current control model but work as one, then another treats that measured motor just works in friendship shaft current and direct-axis current control model; Vice versa.
9. the method for testing of symmetrical expression motor durability testing system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the temperature that described two cooling units are being controlled liquid coolant is all identical with flow.
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