CN103234838A - Experimental method and apparatus for shearing of structural surface of columnar jointing - Google Patents
Experimental method and apparatus for shearing of structural surface of columnar jointing Download PDFInfo
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- CN103234838A CN103234838A CN2013101245872A CN201310124587A CN103234838A CN 103234838 A CN103234838 A CN 103234838A CN 2013101245872 A CN2013101245872 A CN 2013101245872A CN 201310124587 A CN201310124587 A CN 201310124587A CN 103234838 A CN103234838 A CN 103234838A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental method for shearing of a structural surface of a columnar jointing. The method comprises adjusting a rock structural surface to be located in a shearing seam of upper and lower shearing boxes; sleeving screw sleeves to five internally-inserted vertical screws, using plastic films to separate and wrap; vertically moving the internally-inserted vertical screws through adjusting rods, so that the structural surface of the columnar jointing rock is located between the shearing seam; selecting proportional epoxy resin mortar to form epoxy resin mortar; and pouring the epoxy resin mortar into the upper and lower shearing boxes for cooling and solidification. The invention further discloses an experimental apparatus comprises the upper and lower shearing boxes, the internally-inserted vertical screws and the adjusting rods, wherein a bottom of the lower shearing box is provided with vertical screw holes, walls of the lower shearing box are provided with horizontal screw holes, and contacted parts of the adjusting rods and the internally-inserted vertical screws form worm structures. According to the invention, fine adjustment of the rock position can be realized, a surface of the epoxy resin mortar can be always maintain as a plain, a molding is relatively good, problems of rock sinking in cement mortar can be solved, and thus the structural surface of the rock can be easily positioned.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the rock mechanics field, the experimental technique that especially a kind of prismatic jointing structural plane is sheared also relates to the experimental provision that a kind of prismatic jointing structural plane is sheared, and is applicable to the shearing experiment occasion when irregular sillar comprises irregular joint plane.
Background technology
There is a large amount of structural planes in the rock mass, causes rock mass very easily along these structural planes destruction that deforms, so the determining of the mechanical property of structural plane, especially shearing strength, be one of emphasis of rock mass mechanics property research always.And the upper and lower shear box of traditional boxshear apparatus mainly is the characteristics design at soil, and for rock, such as the prismatic jointing, irregular block occupies the majority, and is difficult to carry out the direct shear experiment, if carry out shearing experiment, and just must be by means of shear box.But adopt traditional shear box, when needs are sheared along structural plane, the bad control in position between structural plane and the shearing seam, and this also relates to the success or failure of experiment, simultaneously traditional sand-cement slurry cooling velocity is slow, and sillar very easily sinks in sand-cement slurry, makes the structural plane position of having good positioning very easily misplace, cause the failure of an experiment, it is imperative therefore to design a kind of structural plane shearing experiment device at irregular sillar.
The vertical screw of interpolation that in shear box, adds different length, tentatively control the position of sillar, simultaneously by the built-in adjuster bar of rotation, make the rotation between the screw thread and vertical screw on the adjuster bar, thereby realize the fine setting of sillar position, the adjuster bar of diverse location can be regulated simultaneously also and can regulate respectively; Adopt epoxy resin mortar to replace sand-cement slurry, epoxy resin mortar not only cooling velocity is fast, and as flowing liquid, the surface can remain the plane, and moulding is better; Adjuster bar is combined with epoxy resin, can solve the problem that sillar sinks in sand-cement slurry, make the structural plane of sillar be easy to the location.Based on above thought, experimental technique and device that this kind carries out the prismatic jointing shear test have been designed.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be the problems referred to above of existing at prior art, the experimental provision that provides a kind of prismatic jointing structural plane to shear, the experimental technique that also provides a kind of prismatic jointing structural plane to shear has solved the problem that irregular joint plane is difficult to locate in the irregular sillar in the prior art.
The experimental technique that a kind of prismatic jointing structural plane is sheared,
The mass ratio of step 4, epoxy resin mortar component is, epoxy resin: cement: fine sand: ethylenediamine: dibutyl ester=1:3.5 ~ 4:3 ~ 4:0.05 ~ 0.1:0.1, take by weighing earlier cement, fine sand in proportion, it is standby to bank up after stirring, taking by weighing successively in proportion stirs behind epoxy resin, dibutyl ester, the ethylenediamine forms the epoxy base fluid, the even thing of cement and fine sand is poured into, evenly stirred again, form epoxy resin mortar;
The lower edge of step 5, fixing upward shear box is parallel with the upper edge of down cut box, constitute between the lower edge of fixing upward shear box and the upper edge of down cut box and shear seam, epoxy resin mortar is poured in the down cut box, when the epoxy resin mortar liquid level arrives the upper edge of down cut box, can stop, cooling off 20 ~ 30 hours;
Step 7, this sample is placed on the testing machine, and applies corresponding normal stress and can carry out shearing experiment.
The experimental provision that a kind of prismatic jointing structural plane is sheared, comprise shear box and down cut box, also comprise the vertical screw of interpolation and adjuster bar, described down cut box is upper shed, the bottom of down cut box is provided with vertical screw-socket, the box wall of down cut box is provided with horizontal screw-socket, the vertical screw of interpolation passes vertical screw-socket and vertical the placement, the external thread of the vertical screw of interpolation is adaptive with the internal thread of vertical screw-socket, adjuster bar passes horizontal screw-socket and contacts with the vertical screw of interpolation, the part that adjuster bar contacts with the vertical screw of interpolation constitutes worm structure, rotation by adjuster bar can drive the lifting vertically of the vertical screw of interpolation, last shear box is under shed, and last shear box is placed the top apart from 10 centimetres in down cut box.
The number of the vertical screw of aforesaid interpolation is 5, is evenly distributed in the down cut box, and the vertical screw with interpolation of the number of adjuster bar is adaptive.
Aforesaid long 150 millimeters of the shear box of going up, wide 150 millimeters, 75 millimeters of the degree of depth; Long 150 millimeters of described down cut box, wide 150 millimeters, 75 millimeters of the degree of depth; The length of the vertical screw of described interpolation is 2 centimetres-8 centimetres.
The present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages: the present invention adds the vertical screw of different length in shear box, tentatively control the position of sillar, simultaneously by the built-in adjuster bar of rotation, make the rotation between the screw thread and vertical screw on the adjuster bar, thereby realize the fine setting of sillar position, the adjuster bar of diverse location can be regulated simultaneously also and can regulate respectively; Adopt epoxy resin mortar to replace sand-cement slurry, epoxy resin mortar not only cooling velocity is fast, and as flowing liquid, the surface can remain the plane, and moulding is better; Adjuster bar is combined with epoxy resin, can solve the problem that sillar sinks in sand-cement slurry, make the structural plane of sillar be easy to the location.Based on above thought, experimental provision and method that this kind carries out the prismatic jointing shear test have been designed.The shearing sample that it is simple in structure, easy to operate, as to obtain the prismatic jointing structural plane efficiently and effectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of shear box in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is down cut box of the present invention and inner structure synoptic diagram.
Among the figure: the last shear box of 1-; 2-down cut box; The vertical screw-socket of 3-; The vertical screw of 4-interpolation; 5-horizontal screw-socket; The 6-adjuster bar; The 8-plastic sheeting; The 9-turnbuckle.
Embodiment
The experimental provision that a kind of prismatic jointing structural plane is sheared, comprise shear box 1(150mm * 150mm * 75mm) and down cut box 2(150mm * 150mm * 75mm), be evenly distributed five vertical screw-sockets 3 in down cut box 2 bottoms, can the vertical screw 4 of interpolation, realize the preliminary adjusting of different big or small prismatic jointings sillar by the screw of different length (2cm, 4cm, 6cm, 8cm); Five horizontal screw-sockets 5 of down cut box two ends distribution, can interpolation adjuster bar 6, horizontal screw-socket 5 slightly larger in diameter are in the diameter of adjuster bar 6, adjuster bar 6 can be pulled down after adjusting is finished, by rotation adjuster bar 6, realize the rotation between the screw thread and vertical screw 4 on the adjuster bar 6, realize the fine setting of sillar position, make its structural plane and be positioned at shearing seam (shear the high 10cm of seam, be positioned at shear box and down cut box middle part), and be parallel to the shearing seam;
The coagulating agent that put last shear box 1 and down cut box 2 the insides is epoxy resin mortar;
Epoxy resin is flexible glue, and it is a kind of liquid type, two component, soft self-drying type flexible glue, and is colourless, transparent, have elasticity, and slight scratching surface namely resiles voluntarily;
The epoxy resin mortar mortar is the solution that epoxy resin and sand-cement slurry are mixed according to a certain percentage, and its structural stability depends primarily on hydrated particle spacing and interparticle interaction force during simple cement condensation.And behind the adding epoxy resin, because the effect of hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl, ester group, polymkeric substance produces absorption at a solid liquid interface, has strengthened the adhesion of solution to solid.According to research, each material mixture ratio of epoxy resin mortar (mass ratio) is, epoxy resin: cement: fine sand: ethylenediamine: dibutyl ester=1:(3.5 ~ 4): (3 ~ 4): (0.05 ~ 0.1): 0.1, wherein the epoxy resin model is E-44, used cement is Portland cement (model: PO 52.5), and ethylenediamine is that (model: NG26-99), dibutyl ester is thinning agent (model: NG26-99) to hardening agent, used fine sand must adopt anhydrous dry sand, and sieves with the 5mm sieve.
The epoxy resin mortar of described proportioning, be 24 h ~ 48 hours its cool time according to experiment, and sand-cement slurry (proportioning is cement: sand: water=1:(2.5-3.5): (0.5-0.7)) generally need fortnight, shorten making the experiment preparatory stage shorten greatly cool time, be beneficial to experiment and carry out in batches.
The sand-cement slurry upper surface is not owing to exist constraint, rough plane very easily appears during condensation, its fluctuating even surpass to shear seam height 1cm, it is inaccurate to make that shearing experiment records parameter, even cause the failure of an experiment, and the epoxy resin mortar of described proportioning, its molding flat is smooth, the gradient satisfies the shearing experiment requirement less than 0.5%.
Shearing the paraffin that seam is placed, is to shear seam in order to prevent that epoxy resin mortar from entering, and also can provide good cooling bottom surface for the epoxy resin mortar in the down cut box simultaneously, and paraffin requires adhesiveness better, available No. 54 paraffin;
Horizontal screw-socket 5 slightly larger in diameter can pull down adjuster bar 6 in the diameter of adjuster bar 6 after adjusting is finished.
The experimental technique that a kind of prismatic jointing structural plane is sheared comprises the steps:
A. the structural plane with the prismatic jointing sillar marks with red pen, be placed in the down cut box 2, according to the size of sillar and the position of shear surface, select the vertical screw 4 of interpolation of appropriate length, regulating the height of the vertical screw 4 of interpolation in down cut box 2 simultaneously, is to make the sillar structural plane be positioned to shear seam.
B. then take off sillar, turnbuckle 9 is inserted in five vertical screws 4 of interpolation, be inserted in vertical screw 4 outer walls of turnbuckle 9 back interpolations and can not adhere to epoxy resin mortar, be convenient to from mortar, take out, make things convenient for secondary to use, to go up shear box 1 and down cut box 2 inwalls parcel with plastic sheeting 8, make that going up shear box 1 inwall, down cut box 2 inwalls, the vertical screw 4 of interpolation and turnbuckle 9 outer walls can not adhere to epoxy resin mortar, then puts into down cut box 2 again with sillar.
D. each material mixture ratio of epoxy resin mortar (mass ratio) is, epoxy resin: cement: fine sand: ethylenediamine: dibutyl ester=1:(3.5 ~ 4): (3 ~ 4): (0.05 ~ 0.1): 0.1 wherein ethylenediamine be hardening agent (model: NG26-99), dibutyl ester is thinning agent (model: NG26-99), take by weighing cement, fine sand in proportion, it is standby to bank up after stirring, taking by weighing successively in proportion stirs behind epoxy resin, dibutyl ester, the ethylenediamine forms the epoxy base fluid, the even thing of cement and fine sand is poured into, evenly stir again, form epoxy resin mortar;
E. the lower edge of fixing upward shear box 1 is parallel with the upper edge of down cut box 2, and epoxy resin mortar is poured in the down cut box 2, can stop when the epoxy resin mortar liquid level arrives the upper edge of down cut box 2, under 20 ℃-25 ℃, cools off 20 ~ 30 hours;
F. paraffin is filled into and shears in the seam, the part applying that makes paraffin and prismatic jointing sillar be positioned at simultaneously to shear the seam place, up shear box 1 is poured epoxy resin mortar into, stops during shear box 1 upper edge in the arrival, under 20 ℃-25 ℃, cools off 20 ~ 30 hours;
G. open shear box 1 and down cut box 2, take out sample, owing between sample and the interpolation screw 4 turnbuckle 9 is arranged, when taking out sample, can separate automatically with interpolation screw 4, so just can obtain shearing sample, have turnbuckle 9 in the sample, because turnbuckle intensity is low, do not influence shearing experiment.
This sample is placed on the testing machine, and applies corresponding normal stress and can carry out shearing experiment.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or replenish or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. experimental technique that the prismatic jointing structural plane is sheared may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, the structural plane of prismatic jointing sillar is marked with red pen, be placed in the down cut box (2), according to the size of sillar and the position of shear surface, select the vertical screw of interpolation (4) of appropriate length, regulating the height of the vertical screw of interpolation (4) in down cut box (2) simultaneously, is to make the sillar structural plane be positioned to shear seam;
Step 2, take off sillar, turnbuckle (9) is inserted in five vertical screws of interpolation (4), will go up shear box (1) and down cut box (2) inwall parcel with plastic sheeting (8), then sillar is put into again down cut box (2);
Step 3, adjuster bar (6) is inserted in the horizontal screw-socket (5), and contact with the vertical screw of interpolation (4), rotation adjuster bar (6) makes the vertical screw of interpolation (4) move up and down, make red line on the sillar, namely the structural plane of prismatic jointing sillar is positioned at and shears between the seam (3); After adjusting is finished, adjuster bar (6) is taken out in horizontal screw-socket (5);
The mass ratio of step 4, epoxy resin mortar component is, epoxy resin: cement: fine sand: ethylenediamine: dibutyl ester=1:3.5 ~ 4:3 ~ 4:0.05 ~ 0.1:0.1, take by weighing earlier cement, fine sand in proportion, it is standby to bank up after stirring, taking by weighing successively in proportion stirs behind epoxy resin, dibutyl ester, the ethylenediamine forms the epoxy base fluid, the even thing of cement and fine sand is poured into, evenly stirred again, form epoxy resin mortar;
The lower edge of step 5, fixing upward shear box (1) is parallel with the upper edge of down cut box (2), constitute between the lower edge of fixing upward shear box (1) and the upper edge of down cut box (2) and shear seam, epoxy resin mortar is poured in the down cut box (2), when the epoxy resin mortar liquid level arrives the upper edge of down cut box (2), can stop, cooling off 20 ~ 30 hours;
Step 6, paraffin is filled into shears in the seam, the part applying that makes paraffin and prismatic jointing sillar be positioned at simultaneously to shear the seam place, up shear box (1) is poured epoxy resin mortar into, and shear box in the arrival (1) stops during the upper edge, cools off 20 ~ 30 hours;
Step 7, this sample is placed on the testing machine, and applies corresponding normal stress and can carry out shearing experiment.
2. experimental provision that the prismatic jointing structural plane is sheared, comprise shear box (1) and down cut box (2), it is characterized in that, also comprise the vertical screw of interpolation (4) and adjuster bar (6), described down cut box (2) is upper shed, the bottom of down cut box (2) is provided with vertical screw-socket (3), the box wall of down cut box (2) is provided with horizontal screw-socket (5), the vertical screw of interpolation (4) passes vertical screw-socket (3) and vertical the placement, the external thread of the vertical screw of interpolation (4) is adaptive with the internal thread of vertical screw-socket (3), adjuster bar (6) passes horizontal screw-socket (5) and contacts with the vertical screw of interpolation (4), the part that adjuster bar (6) contacts with the vertical screw of interpolation (4) constitutes worm structure, rotation by adjuster bar (6) can drive the vertical screw of interpolation (4) lifting vertically, last shear box (1) is under shed, and last shear box (1) is placed the top apart from (2) 10 centimetres in down cut box.
3. the experimental provision sheared of a kind of prismatic jointing according to claim 2 structural plane, the number of the vertical screw of described interpolation (4) is 5, is evenly distributed in the down cut box (2), the vertical screw with interpolation of the number of adjuster bar (6) (4) is adaptive.
4. the experimental provision sheared of a kind of prismatic jointing according to claim 2 structural plane, described long 150 millimeters of the shear box (1) of going up, wide 150 millimeters, 75 millimeters of the degree of depth; Long 150 millimeters of described down cut box (2), wide 150 millimeters, 75 millimeters of the degree of depth; The length of the vertical screw of described interpolation (4) is 2 centimetres-8 centimetres.
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| CN107449666A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-12-08 | 山东省建筑科学研究院 | A kind of stretching test method of anchoring fibre reinforced composites |
| CN108414304A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-08-17 | 同济大学 | A kind of mold and method made for coupled shear-flow test joint samples |
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| CN107449666A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-12-08 | 山东省建筑科学研究院 | A kind of stretching test method of anchoring fibre reinforced composites |
| CN108414304A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-08-17 | 同济大学 | A kind of mold and method made for coupled shear-flow test joint samples |
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