CN103234739B - A kind of cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus and test method - Google Patents
A kind of cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103234739B CN103234739B CN201310109805.5A CN201310109805A CN103234739B CN 103234739 B CN103234739 B CN 103234739B CN 201310109805 A CN201310109805 A CN 201310109805A CN 103234739 B CN103234739 B CN 103234739B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus, including basic test platform and data acquisition and control system；Basic test platform includes false cylinder body 13, cylinder head 14, waste gas airway 15 and exhaust gas collector 16；Also include high/low temperature Two-way Cycle constant temperature liquid cooling system 12 and diesel fuel supply and flame heating system；Head gasket is installed between false cylinder body 13 and cylinder head 14, and uses cylinder head bolt affixed.This cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus with simulation cylinder head carrying situation under complete machine virtual condition, thus can realize the most effectively examination to cylinder cap thermal fatigue life, and can accelerate to shorten test period, and during test, safety is high.The invention also discloses the cylinder head fatigue test method that a kind of and above-mentioned cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus is corresponding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of engine components thermal fatigue test apparatus and method, be specifically related to a kind of cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus and method.
Background technology
Cylinder head is that in electromotor, structure is the most complicated, bear mechanical load and one of parts that thermal force is the harshest, it collectively forms combustor with piston, cylinder head fire power face directly contacts with high-temperature fuel gas, its temperature levels and distribution are the key factors affecting cylinder head fatigue reliability, due to high temperature with temperature distributing disproportionation is even and the repeated action of thermal stress that produces in work, often form heat fatigue cracking.Warm status and fatigue strength for accurate evaluation cylinder head, it is necessary to cylinder head is carried out heat exhaustion reliability test.
The cylinder head thermal fatigue test stand of present stage, the mode of heating used is broadly divided into: (I), LASER HEATING: this kind of mode of heating utilization turns mating plate and heat cylinder head surface, heating cycle is short, heat energy is big, but it is excited the impact of the factor such as heat conductivility of light beam translational speed, power density, spot size and material, and experimentation cost is high, maintenance of equipment difficulty is bigger；(II), Electromagnetic Heating: although this kind of mode of heating has an advantage of fast response time, but have that inertia is big, disturb shortcoming strong, nonlinear, and can only be the most inapplicable to aluminium alloy class part to cast iron class heat parts.(III), flame heating: this kind of mode of heating with fuel gas (such as liquefied gas, natural gas etc.) it is combustion medium, equipment is simple, easy to use, but exist cause because gas leakage potential safety hazard, that heat distribution controls is difficult, the fuel stage of replacement is short etc. is many constant.
The patent of invention of Application No. 201210352580.1 discloses a kind of technical scheme " a kind of cylinder head fatigue test device and test method ".Assay device includes that heater, loading component and mechanical force high frequency load source, loading component is provided with loading surface and the loading post corresponding to cylinder head loading position, the equivalent deformation concentrfated load of mechanical force high frequency loading source output acts on the loading surface of loading component, and acts on the loading position of cylinder head by loading post.This device utilizes equivalent deformation that cylinder head is carried out fatigue test, makes the complicated applied force state of cylinder head can obtain simple and effective simulation, thus realizes the most effectively examination to cylinder head fatigue birthday noodle.
Cylinder head is placed on testing stand top by existing testing stand often, does not considers the restraint condition to cylinder cap such as engine cylinder-body, cylinder bolt, cylinder pad, causes cylinder cap testpieces carrying situation to there is very large deviation with complete machine virtual condition.
In terms of cylinder cap thermal fatigue test stand cooling, part test platform cools down only with extraneous air, it is impossible to simulation cylinder head water cavity cooling performance, so that fire power face is bigger with actual variance along thermograde and the distribution of cylinder cap short transverse.These testing stands are according to the internal liquid type of cooling, and owing to heater power is limited, the time needed for cylinder head being heated to actual work temperature in process of the test is longer, it is impossible to meet parts accelerated fatigue test requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to assay device of the prior art cannot the technical problem of accurate simulation cylinder head carrying situation under complete machine virtual condition, it is provided that a kind of cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus and test method.
Technical scheme:
A kind of cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus, including basic test platform and data acquisition and control system；Described basic test platform includes false cylinder body 1-3, test cylinder head 1-4, waste gas airway 1-5 and exhaust gas collector 1-6, it is characterised in that: also include high/low temperature Two-way Cycle constant temperature liquid cooling system 1-2 and diesel fuel supply and flame heating system；Head gasket is installed between described false cylinder body 1-3 and test cylinder head 1-4 and uses cylinder head bolt affixed.
Preferably high/low temperature Two-way Cycle constant temperature liquid cooling system includes low temperature water system switching motor-operated control valve 2-1, low temperature water system and thermostatic control system 2-2, high temperature water system switching motor-operated control valve 2-3, high temperature water system and thermostatic control system 2-4 and electric water pump 2-5.
Preferably fluid dielectric coolant used by high/low temperature Two-way Cycle constant temperature liquid cooling system is cooling water or oil.
Preferably diesel fuel supply heating system includes overflow valve 3-1, oil pump 3-2, fuel oil cleaning strainer 3-3, oil gauge 3-4, solenoid directional control valve 3-5, burner assembly 3-6, electric throttle valve 3-7, ball valve switch 3-8, fuel oil coarse cleaner 3-9, fuel tank 3-10, and wherein burner assembly 3-6 includes that high-energy igniter 3-11, atomizer install pipe 3-12, spark plug 3-13, air spiral deflector 3-15, atomizer 3-16 and flame distribution adjustable plate 3-17.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, assay device uses air cooling and the cold two kinds of types of cooling of high/low temperature Two-way Cycle constant temperature liquid.On the basis of pressure is air cooled, it is simultaneously provided with the circulation fluid device for cooling that two sets are parallel, a set of for high temperature constant temperature cooling system, another set of for cryogenic thermostat cooling system, the advantage arranging two set circulating waters is: the heating period uses high temperature cooling system, the most truly simulation complete machine state heating process and shorten heat time heating time, during Cooling of Cylinder Head, on the basis of air cooling, use low-temperature cooling system, cool down rapidly cylinder cap, thus shorten cool time.
2, assay device uses fuel oil flame mode of heating, fuel medium is mainly based on diesel oil, simultaneously by partial structurtes or parameter adjustment can directly be used the light Fuels such as bio-fuel-oil, methanol, gasoline, there is fuel medium and obtain convenient, safety advantages of higher.
3), cylinder head is fixed on one by cylinder head bolt with true head gasket, false cylinder body by assay device.False cylinder block material is consistent with actual cylinder body, and structure is the most same, is machined with cooling-water duct in false cylinder interior simultaneously.By this attachment structure can simulate actual cylinder body to the restraint condition of cylinder cap, can realize entering the rationed of head coolant flow, it is ensured that the thermal fatigue test result of cylinder head is more nearly real work situation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall pie graph of cylinder head thermal fatigue test stand
1-1 fixed station；1-2 high/low temperature Two-way Cycle constant temperature liquid cooling system；1-3 vacation cylinder body；
1-4 test cylinder cap；1-5 waste gas airway；1-6 exhaust gas collector；1-7 control system
Fig. 2 is cylinder head thermal fatigue test stand structure principle chart
2-1 low temperature water system switching motor-operated control valve；2-2 low temperature water system and thermostatic control system；
2-3 high temperature water system switching motor-operated control valve；2-4 high temperature water system and thermostatic control system；
2-5 electric water pump；2-6 vacation cylinder body；2-7 exhaust emission system；2-8 cylinder head；2-9 compressor；
2-10 air Electronic control regulation valve；2-11 fuel oil supply system；2-12 burner；2-13 Cooling of Cylinder Head water cavity
Fig. 3 is fuel oil supply system composition diagram
3-1 overflow valve；3-2 oil pump；3-3 fuel oil cleaning strainer；3-4 oil gauge；3-5 solenoid directional control valve；
3-6 burner assembly；3-7 electric throttle valve；3-8 ball valve switch；3-9 fuel oil coarse cleaner；3-10 fuel tank；
3-11 high-energy igniter；3-12 atomizer installs pipe；3-13 spark plug；3-14 air intake；
3-15 air spiral deflector；3-16 atomizer；3-17 flame distribution adjustable plate；
Fig. 4 is cylinder cap thermal fatigue test stand fundamental diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, the structural principle of cylinder head thermal fatigue test stand is illustrated:
Cylinder head thermal fatigue test stand comprises four major parts: basic test platform, high/low temperature Two-way Cycle constant temperature liquid cooling system, diesel fuel supply and flame heating system and data acquisition and control system, basic test platform is made up of false cylinder body 1-3 and test cylinder head 1-4, waste gas airway 1-5, exhaust gas collector 1-6.Being provided with head gasket between false cylinder body 1-3 and test cylinder head 1-4 and use cylinder head bolt affixed, the firmly beforehand means and the pretightning force that are loaded are consistent with actual working state.
In conjunction with accompanying drawing 2, high/low temperature Two-way Cycle constant temperature liquid cooling system is illustrated:
High/low temperature Two-way Cycle constant temperature liquid cooling system includes low temperature water system switching motor-operated control valve 2-1, low temperature water system and thermostatic control system 2-2, high temperature water system switching motor-operated control valve 2-3, high temperature water system and thermostatic control system 2-4 and electric water pump 2-5.
During cylinder head heating, low temperature water system switching motor-operated control valve 2-1 closes, high temperature water system switching motor-operated control valve 2-3 opens, and high temperature coolant is circulated in false cylinder body and cylinder head；During cylinder head cooling, low temperature water system switching motor-operated control valve 2-1 opens, high temperature water system switching motor-operated control valve 2-3 closes, cryogenic liquid is circulated cooling in false cylinder body and cylinder head, simultaneously, air Electronic control regulation valve 2-10 remains in that cylinder cap fire power face is carried out forcing quenching after flowing through burner 2-12 by unlatching, air.
In conjunction with accompanying drawing 3, diesel fuel supply heating system is illustrated:
Diesel fuel supply heating system includes overflow valve 3-1, oil pump 3-2, fuel oil cleaning strainer 3-3, oil gauge 3-4, solenoid directional control valve 3-5, burner assembly 3-6, electric throttle valve 3-7, ball valve switch 3-8, fuel oil coarse cleaner 3-9, fuel tank 3-10, and wherein burner assembly 3-6 includes that high-energy igniter 3-11, atomizer install pipe 3-12, spark plug 3-13, air spiral deflector 3-15, atomizer 3-16 and flame distribution adjustable plate 3-17.
After ball valve switch 3-8 opens, start oil pump 3-2, oil supply system pipeline fuel oil can be made to keep certain pressure by Electronic Control regulation electric throttle valve 3-7, and carry out circulation in local, when test cylinder cap needs heating, switch solenoid directional control valve 3-5, oil supply system passes through fuel nozzle oil spout in burner with certain pressure, during Cooling of Cylinder Head, solenoid directional control valve 3-5 power-off and closedown, fuel oil enters interior recurrent state.
Data collection and control system is the important component part of this testing stand, and its data acquisition parameters includes the parameters such as air mass flow, fuel feed pressure, flame temperature, cylinder cap body temperature, cooling water flow；Control system includes the contents such as fuel pressure control, air flow control, the control of high/low temperature coolant stream, gas extraction system control and device security control.
In conjunction with accompanying drawing 4, cylinder cap thermal fatigue test stand work process is illustrated:
One cycle of operation is collectively formed by heating process and cooling procedure.In heating process, oil supply system is started working, and bottom flame heating cylinder cap, high temperature cooling loop is opened, until cylinder cap is heated to the temperature spot that user specifies, wherein in high temperature cooling loop, coolant temperature determines according to electromotor actual working state or User Defined；In cooling procedure, oil supply system fuel cut-off, burner closedown, compressor works on, and fire power face carries out forcing air cooling, and meanwhile, coolant cooling circuit is opened, and cylinder cap carries out forcing to cool down also by cryogenic liquid.In process of the test, high/low temperature cooling system coolant temperature is set by the user, and makes the coolant temperature within entrance cylinder head keep constant.
In process of the test, suspend test every 100 cycle of operation, observe cylinder cap Thermal Fatigue Damage situation, until losing efficacy or meeting test cycle number of times occur in cylinder cap.
Claims (3)
1. a cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus, including basic test platform and data acquisition and control system；
Described basic test platform includes false cylinder body (1-3), test cylinder head (1-4), waste gas airway (1-5)
With exhaust gas collector (1-6), it is characterised in that: also include high/low temperature Two-way Cycle constant temperature liquid cooling system (1-2)
With diesel fuel supply and flame heating system；Between described false cylinder body (1-3) and test cylinder head (1-4)
Head gasket is installed, and uses cylinder head bolt affixed；Diesel fuel supply and flame heating system include overflow valve
(3-1), oil pump (3-2), fuel oil cleaning strainer (3-3), oil gauge (3-4), solenoid directional control valve (3-5),
Burner assembly (3-6), electric throttle valve (3-7), ball valve switch (3-8), fuel oil coarse cleaner (3-9),
Fuel tank (3-10), wherein burner assembly (3-6) includes that high-energy igniter (3-11), atomizer install pipe
(3-12), spark plug (3-13), air spiral deflector (3-15), atomizer (3-16) and flame separate
Cloth adjustable plate (3-17)；Described high/low temperature Two-way Cycle constant temperature liquid cooling system includes that low temperature water system switches Electronic control
Valve (2-1), low temperature water system and thermostatic control system (2-2), high temperature water system switching motor-operated control valve (2-3),
High temperature water system and thermostatic control system (2-4) and electric water pump (2-5).
Cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described data
Gather and control system acquisition parameter includes air mass flow, fuel feed pressure, flame temperature, cylinder cap body
Temperature, cooling water flow parameter；Control system includes fuel pressure control, air flow control, high/low temperature
Coolant rate and conversion and control, gas extraction system control and device security control content.
Cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described height
Fluid dielectric coolant used by temperature Two-way Cycle constant temperature liquid cooling system is cooling water or oil.
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| CN111829770B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-12-07 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Engine cylinder gasket testing system and method |
| CN114705439A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-07-05 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Thermal fatigue test bed for variable thermal load engine system |
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