CN103234739A - Apparatus and method for testing thermal fatigue of cylinder covers - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for testing thermal fatigue of cylinder covers Download PDFInfo
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- CN103234739A CN103234739A CN2013101098055A CN201310109805A CN103234739A CN 103234739 A CN103234739 A CN 103234739A CN 2013101098055 A CN2013101098055 A CN 2013101098055A CN 201310109805 A CN201310109805 A CN 201310109805A CN 103234739 A CN103234739 A CN 103234739A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an apparatus for testing thermal fatigue of cylinder covers. The apparatus comprises a basic testing platform and a data acquisition and control system. The basic testing platform comprises a false cylinder 1-3, a cylinder cover 1-4, exhaust guide tubes 1-5 and an exhaust collector 1-6, and further comprises a high-low temperature binary constant temperature cooling system 1-2 and a diesel supply and flame heating system. A cylinder gasket is arranged between the false cylinder 1-3 and the cylinder cover 1-4, and the false cylinder 1-3 and the cylinder cover 1-4 are fixedly connected through cylinder cover bolts. The apparatus for testing the thermal fatigue of the cylinder covers can be used for simulating the cylinder covers under the actual state of bearing situation, time for testing can be shortened fast, and security degrees during testing are high. The invention further discloses a method for testing fatigue of the cylinder covers corresponding to the apparatus for testing the thermal fatigue of the cylinder covers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of engine components thermal fatigue test apparatus and method, be specifically related to a kind of cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus and method.
Background technology
Cylinder head be in the engine structure the most complicated, bear one of the harshest parts of mechanical load and thermal force, itself and piston constitute the firing chamber jointly, the cylinder head fire power face directly contacts with high-temperature fuel gas, its temperature levels and distribution are the key factors that influences the cylinder head fatigue reliability, owing to the effect repeatedly of high temperature and the even thermal stress that produces of temperature distributing disproportionation, tend to form heat fatigue cracking in the work.For accurately assessing hot state and the fatigue strength of cylinder head, must carry out the heat fatigue fail-test to cylinder head.
The cylinder head thermal fatigue test stand of present stage, the type of heating that adopts is broadly divided into: (I), LASER HEATING: the utilization of this kind type of heating is changeed mating plate the cylinder head surface is heated, heating cycle is short, heat energy is big, but be excited the influence of factors such as heat conductivility of light beam translational speed, power density, spot size and material, and the experimentation cost height, the maintenance of equipment difficulty is bigger; (II), electromagnetism heating: though this kind type of heating has the fast advantage of response speed, have inertia big, disturb strong, nonlinear shortcoming, and can only be to the heating of cast iron class part, then often inapplicable to aluminium alloy class part.(III), flame heat: this kind type of heating with fuel gas (as liquefied gas, rock gas etc.) be combustion medium, equipment is simple, and is easy to use, but exist because gas leaks the potential safety hazard that causes, heat distribution control is difficult, the refuel phase is short etc. many constant.
Application number is that 201210352580.1 patent of invention discloses a kind of technical scheme " a kind of cylinder head fatigue experimental device and test method ".Test unit comprises that heating arrangement, loading component and mechanical force high frequency load the source, loading component is provided with loading surface and corresponding to the loading post of cylinder head loading position, the equivalent deformation centre-point load of mechanical force high frequency loading source output acts on the loading surface of loading component, and acts on the loading position of cylinder head by the loading post.This device utilizes equivalent deformation that cylinder head is carried out torture test, makes the complicated applied force state of cylinder head can obtain simple and effective simulation, thereby realizes the effectively examination comprehensively to the tired birthday noodle of cylinder head.
Existing testing table is placed on cylinder head testing table top often, does not consider engine cylinder-body, cylinder bolt, cylinder pad etc. to the restraint condition of cylinder cap, causes cylinder cap testpieces carrying situation and complete machine virtual condition to have very large deviation.
Aspect the cooling of cylinder cap thermal fatigue test stand, the part test platform only adopts extraneous air cooling, can't simulate cylinder cap water cavity cooling performance, so that fire power face is bigger along the thermograde of cylinder cap short transverse and distribution and actual variance.These testing tables are if adopt the internal liquid type of cooling, because heater power is limited, it is longer in the process of the test cylinder head to be heated to the required time of actual work temperature, can't satisfy the requirement of parts accelerated fatigue test.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to test unit of the prior art and can't accurately simulate the technical matters of the carrying situation of cylinder cap under the complete machine virtual condition, a kind of cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus and test method are provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus comprises basic test platform and data acquisition and control system; Described basic test platform comprises false cylinder body 1-3, cylinder head 1-4, waste gas wireway 1-5 and exhaust gas collector 1-6, it is characterized in that: also comprise the two circulation constant temperature liquid cooling system 1-2 of high low temperature and diesel oil supply and flame heat system; Head gasket is installed between described false cylinder body 1-3 and the cylinder head 1-4 and adopts cylinder head bolt affixed.
The two circulation constant temperature liquid cooling systems of preferred high low temperature comprise that the low temperature water system is switched motor-operated control valve 2-1, low temperature water system and thermostatic control system 2-2, the high temperature water system is switched motor-operated control valve 2-3, high temperature water system and thermostatic control system 2-4 and electric water pump 2-5.
The two used fluid dielectric coolants of circulation constant temperature liquid cooling system of preferred high low temperature are chilled water or oil.
Preferred diesel oil is supplied with heating system and is comprised surplus valve 3-1, oil pump 3-2, fuel oil cleaning strainer 3-3, oil pressure gauge 3-4, solenoid directional control valve 3-5, burner assembly 3-6, electric throttle valve 3-7, ball valve switch 3-8, fuel oil coarse cleaner 3-9, fuel tank 3-10, and wherein burner assembly 3-6 comprises high-energy igniter 3-11, atomizer mounting pipe 3-12, spark plug 3-13, air spiral deflector 3-15, oil nozzle 3-16 and profile adjustment plate 3-17.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, test unit adopts air cooling and the two two kinds of types of cooling of circulation constant temperature liquid cooling of high low temperature.Forcing on the air cooled basis, be provided with the parallel circulation fluid device for cooling of two covers simultaneously, one cover is the high temperature constant temperature cooling system, another set of is the cryogenic thermostat cooling system, and the advantage that two cover circulating waters are set is: the heating period is used the high temperature cooling system, simulates complete machine state heating process as far as possible truly and shortens heat time heating time, in the cylinder cap cooling procedure, low-temperature cooling system is adopted on basis at air cooling, cools off cylinder cap rapidly, thereby shortens cool time.
2, test unit adopts fuel oil flame heat mode, the fuel oil medium is mainly based on diesel oil, by can directly adopting light Fuels such as bio-fuel-oil, methyl alcohol, gasoline to partial structurtes or parameter adjustment, exist the fuel oil medium to obtain advantages such as convenience, security height simultaneously.
3), test unit is fixed in one with cylinder head by cylinder head bolt and true head gasket, false cylinder body.False cylinder block material is consistent with actual cylinder body, and structure is also identical with it, is processed with cooling-water duct in false cylinder interior simultaneously.By this syndeton can simulate actual cylinder body to the restraint condition of cylinder cap, can realize entering the rationed of head coolant flow, guarantee that the thermal fatigue test result of cylinder head is more near the real work situation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall pie graph of cylinder head thermal fatigue test stand
The 1-1 fixed station; The two circulation constant temperature liquid cooling systems of the high low temperature of 1-2; The false cylinder body of 1-3;
1-4 test cylinder cap; 1-5 waste gas wireway; The 1-6 exhaust gas collector; The 1-7 control system
Fig. 2 is cylinder head thermal fatigue test stand structure principle chart
2-1 low temperature water system is switched motor-operated control valve; 2-2 low temperature water system and thermostatic control system;
2-3 high temperature water system is switched motor-operated control valve; 2-4 high temperature water system and thermostatic control system;
The 2-5 electric water pump; The false cylinder body of 2-6; The 2-7 exhaust emission system; The 2-8 cylinder head; The 2-9 pneumatic plant;
The electronic regulating and controlling valve of 2-10 air; The 2-11 fuel oil supply system; The 2-12 burner; 2-13 cylinder head cooling water chamber
Fig. 3 is the fuel oil supply system composition diagram
The 3-1 surplus valve; The 3-2 oil pump; 3-3 fuel oil cleaning strainer; The 3-4 oil pressure gauge; The 3-5 solenoid directional control valve;
The 3-6 burner assembly; 3-7 moves throttling valve; 3-8 ball valve switch; 3-9 fuel oil coarse cleaner; The 3-10 fuel tank;
The 3-11 high-energy igniter; 3-12 atomizer mounting pipe; The 3-13 spark plug; The 3-14 air intake;
3-15 air spiral deflector; The 3-16 atomizer; 3-17 flame distribution adjustable plate;
Fig. 4 is cylinder cap thermal fatigue test stand fundamental diagram.
Embodiment
The structural principle of 1 pair of cylinder head thermal fatigue test stand describes by reference to the accompanying drawings:
The cylinder head thermal fatigue test stand comprises four major parts: basic test platform, the two circulation constant temperature liquid cooling systems of high low temperature, diesel oil are supplied with and flame heat system and data acquisition and control system, and the basic test platform is made up of false cylinder body 1-3 and cylinder head 1-4, waste gas wireway 1-5, exhaust gas collector 1-6.Head gasket is installed between false cylinder body 1-3 and the cylinder head 1-4 and adopts cylinder head bolt affixed, the firmly beforehand means that loads and pretightning force are consistent with actual working state.
2 pairs of two circulation constant temperature liquid cooling systems of high low temperature describe by reference to the accompanying drawings:
The two circulation constant temperature liquid cooling systems of high low temperature comprise that the low temperature water system is switched motor-operated control valve 2-1, low temperature water system and thermostatic control system 2-2, the high temperature water system is switched motor-operated control valve 2-3, high temperature water system and thermostatic control system 2-4 and electric water pump 2-5.
During the cylinder head heating, operation valve 2-1 closes, operation valve 2-3 opens, and high temperature coolant circulates in false cylinder body and cylinder head; During the cylinder head cooling, operation valve 2-1 opens, operation valve 2-3 closes, the cryogenic liquid cooling that in false cylinder body and cylinder head, circulates, simultaneously, the electronic regulating and controlling valve of air 2-10 still is held open, and air is flowed through and the cylinder cap fire power face forced the blowing cooling behind the burner 2-12.
3 pairs of diesel oil supply heating systems describe by reference to the accompanying drawings:
Diesel oil is supplied with heating system and is comprised surplus valve 3-1, oil pump 3-2, fuel oil cleaning strainer 3-3, oil pressure gauge 3-4, solenoid directional control valve 3-5, burner assembly 3-6, electric throttle valve 3-7, ball valve switch 3-8, fuel oil coarse cleaner 3-9, fuel tank 3-10, and wherein burner assembly 3-6 comprises high-energy igniter 3-11, atomizer mounting pipe 3-12, spark plug 3-13, air spiral deflector 3-15, oil nozzle 3-16 and profile adjustment plate 3-17.
After ball valve switch 3-8 opens, start oil pump 3-2, regulating electric throttle valve 3-7 by Electronic Control can make oil supply system pipeline fuel oil keep certain pressure, and carry out circulation in the part, when the test cylinder cap need heat, switch solenoid directional control valve 3-5, oil supply system with certain pressure by fuel nozzle oil spout in the burner, in the cylinder cap cooling procedure, solenoid directional control valve outage and 3-5 close, and fuel oil enters interior recurrent state.
Data acquisition and control system are the important component parts of this testing table, and its data acquisition parameters comprises parameters such as air mass flow, fuel feed pressure, flame temperature, cylinder cap body temperature, cooling water flow; Control system comprises contents such as fuel pressure control, air flow control, the control of high cryogenic liquid stream, exhaust system control and device security control.
4 pairs of cylinder cap thermal fatigue test stand courses of work describe by reference to the accompanying drawings:
A working cycle is made of jointly heating process and cooling procedure.In the heating process, oil supply system is started working, flame heat cylinder cap bottom, and the high temperature cooling circuit is opened, be heated to the temperature spot of user's appointment until cylinder cap, wherein coolant temperature is determined according to engine actual working state or User Defined in the high temperature cooling circuit; In the cooling procedure, the oil supply system fuel cut-off, burner cuts out, and pneumatic plant works on, and fire power face is forced the air cooling, and simultaneously, coolant cooling circuit is opened, and cylinder cap is also forced cooling by cryogenic liquid.In the process of the test, high low-temperature cooling system coolant temperature is set by the user, and makes the coolant temperature that enters cylinder head inside keep constant.
In the process of the test, suspend test every 100 working cycle, observation cylinder cap heat fatigue damage status inefficacy occurs or satisfies the test cycle index until cylinder cap.
Claims (7)
1. a cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus comprises basic test platform and data acquisition and control system; Described basic test platform comprises false cylinder body (1-3), cylinder head (1-4), waste gas wireway (1-5) and exhaust gas collector (1-6), it is characterized in that: also comprise the two circulation constant temperature liquid cooling systems (1-2) of high low temperature and diesel oil supply and flame heat system; Between described false cylinder body (1-3) and the cylinder head (1-4) head gasket is installed, and adopts cylinder head bolt affixed.
2. cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the two circulation constant temperature liquid cooling systems of described high low temperature comprise that the low temperature water system is switched motor-operated control valve (2-1), low temperature water system and thermostatic control system (2-2), the high temperature water system is switched motor-operated control valve (2-3), high temperature water system and thermostatic control system (2-4) and electric water pump (2-5).
3. cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that diesel oil supply heating system comprises surplus valve (3-1), oil pump (3-2), fuel oil cleaning strainer (3-3), oil pressure gauge (3-4), solenoid directional control valve (3-5), burner assembly (3-6), electric throttle valve (3-7), ball valve switch (3-8), fuel oil coarse cleaner (3-9), fuel tank (3-10), wherein burner assembly (3-6) comprises high-energy igniter (3-11), atomizer mounting pipe (3-12), spark plug (3-13), air spiral deflector (3-15), oil nozzle (3-16) and profile adjustment plate (3-17).
4. cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described data acquisition system (DAS) acquisition parameter comprises parameters such as air mass flow, fuel feed pressure, flame temperature, cylinder cap body temperature, cooling water flow; Control system comprises contents such as fuel pressure control, air flow control, high low temperature coolant rate and conversion and control, exhaust system control and device security control.
5. cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the two used fluid dielectric coolants of circulation constant temperature liquid cooling system of described high low temperature are chilled water or oil.
6. cylinder head thermal fatigue test method, it is characterized in that: comprise a plurality of working cycle, each working cycle is made up of heating process and cooling procedure; In the heating process, oil supply system is started working, flame heat cylinder cap bottom, and the high temperature cooling circuit is opened, and is heated to the temperature spot of indication until cylinder cap; In the cooling procedure, the oil supply system fuel cut-off, burner cuts out, and pneumatic plant works on, and fire power face is forced the air cooling, and simultaneously, coolant cooling circuit is opened, and cylinder cap is also forced cooling by cryogenic liquid; Repeat above-mentioned working cycle, take place to lose efficacy or satisfied test cycle index until cylinder cap.
7. cylinder head thermal fatigue test method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: in the process of the test, suspend test every 100 working cycle, observation cylinder cap heat fatigue damage status.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103698117A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-04-02 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | High-cycle mechanical fatigue test device and test method for engine cylinder cover |
| CN103884508A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-06-25 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Device for realizing opposed two-stroke cylinder sleeve flow test |
| CN104034506A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-10 | 西北工业大学 | Bearing chamber oil and gas two-phase flow and heat exchange testing device |
| CN105588721A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-05-18 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Closed heating system of heat transfer test stand for oscillating oil chamber of engine piston |
| CN105865799A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-08-17 | 长春鑫利密封制品有限公司 | Electrical measurement control system |
| CN106383022A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-08 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Multifunctional thermic load fatigue testing system |
| CN107091734A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-08-25 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | A kind of cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus |
| CN107860785A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-30 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | A kind of quick thermal fatigue test method of engine cylinder cap and device |
| CN107923817A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2018-04-17 | 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 | For the arrangement for operating the method for piston-mode motor and failing for detecting cylinder cover gasket |
| CN109060578A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-21 | 潍坊思博精工科技有限公司 | A kind of diesel engine cylinder head heat fatigue test device |
| CN111829770A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-10-27 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Engine cylinder gasket testing system and method |
| CN114705439A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-07-05 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Thermal fatigue test bed for variable thermal load engine system |
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| CN103698117A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-04-02 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | High-cycle mechanical fatigue test device and test method for engine cylinder cover |
| CN103698117B (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2017-02-01 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | High-cycle mechanical fatigue test device and test method for engine cylinder cover |
| CN103884508A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-06-25 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Device for realizing opposed two-stroke cylinder sleeve flow test |
| CN103884508B (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2016-04-06 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | A kind of device realizing the test of opposed two-stroke cylinder sleeve air-flow |
| CN104034506A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-10 | 西北工业大学 | Bearing chamber oil and gas two-phase flow and heat exchange testing device |
| CN104034506B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2016-05-18 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of bearing bore oil-gas two-phase flow moves and heat exchange test device |
| CN107923817A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2018-04-17 | 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 | For the arrangement for operating the method for piston-mode motor and failing for detecting cylinder cover gasket |
| CN107923817B (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2019-08-30 | 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 | Operate the method for piston-mode motor and the structure of detection cylinder cover gasket failure |
| CN105588721B (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2018-05-04 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | A kind of engine piston shakes the closed heating system of oil pocket Experimental Study of Heat Transfer platform |
| CN105588721A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-05-18 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Closed heating system of heat transfer test stand for oscillating oil chamber of engine piston |
| CN105865799A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-08-17 | 长春鑫利密封制品有限公司 | Electrical measurement control system |
| CN106383022A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-08 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Multifunctional thermic load fatigue testing system |
| CN107091734A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-08-25 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | A kind of cylinder head thermal fatigue test apparatus |
| CN107860785A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-30 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | A kind of quick thermal fatigue test method of engine cylinder cap and device |
| CN109060578A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-21 | 潍坊思博精工科技有限公司 | A kind of diesel engine cylinder head heat fatigue test device |
| CN109060578B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2023-10-27 | 潍坊思博精工科技有限公司 | Thermal fatigue testing device for cylinder cover of diesel engine |
| CN111829770A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-10-27 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Engine cylinder gasket testing system and method |
| CN114705439A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-07-05 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Thermal fatigue test bed for variable thermal load engine system |
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