CN103234663A - Method for calibrating optical fiber grating sensor by measuring practical pavement temperature - Google Patents
Method for calibrating optical fiber grating sensor by measuring practical pavement temperature Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for calibrating an optical fiber grating sensor by measuring a practical pavement temperature, and relates to a method for calibrating an optical fiber grating sensor, which aims at solving the problem of the existing method for calibrating the optical fiber grating sensor in an indoor laboratory that the errors of the absolute temperature calibrating value and the temperature sensitivity coefficient are larger relative to the pavement site requirement. The method comprises the following steps of adopting a high-precision thermocouple, a miniature generator, an electric furnace, an electric hammer, a steel tape, a couple tester, an optical fiber grating demodulating instrument and the like, using the steps of the drilling of the pavement site, the installation of the thermocouple, the actual measurement of site temperature, the calculation of absolute temperature and the like, calibrating the temperature sensitivity coefficient and the absolute temperature value of the optical fiber grating temperature sensor which is buried in an asphalt pavement, and finally, obtaining the absolute temperature value in the asphalt pavement. The method is suitable for measuring the optical fiber grating temperature sensor under multiple environments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of scaling method of fiber-optic grating sensor.
Background technology
Asphalt is a kind of viscoelastoplastic material, has tangible temperature-sensitive performance and rheological characteristics.Bituminous pavement is to form the stratiform structures by the asphalt making, and the acting in conjunction meeting in stress field and temperature field produces significant impact to the pavement performance of bituminous pavement, and therefore, the bituminous pavement temperature field is one of element task of research bituminous pavement pavement performance.The method of research pavement temperature field distribution, a kind of is the theoretical model predictor method that obtains by to solar radiation, atmospheric temperature and the analysis of material thermal characteristics, another kind of then be the actual temperature that obtains the road surface by road surface field measurement method.A kind of in the measurement method of road surface is to adopt the electronic thermometer table temperature of satisfying the need to measure, and another kind then is that inner mounting temperature sensor road pavement temperature is surveyed on the road surface.Adopt electronic thermometer can only obtain the road surface temperature usually, data are abundant inadequately.The inner sensor of installing on the road surface, the type of normal use is the electricity temperature sensor, but this class sensor is big because being subjected to the influence of transfer wire resistance, thus be difficult to realize telemeasurement, and then make long-term continuous temperature monitor to become difficulty.
Fiber grating passes the temperature sensor, because it has highly sensitive, high precision, high stability and stronger anti-electromagnetic field ability, is applied to field of civil engineering in recent years more and more.Use fiber grating biography temperature sensor that bituminous pavement is carried out long term monitoring and have huge superiority, adopt fiber-optic grating sensor to measure the bituminous pavement internal temperature in actual items, can satisfy the remote long-term Continuous Observation in bituminous pavement temperature field, have higher utility, in actual items, be applied at present.
According to the temperature survey principle of fiber-optic grating sensor, we know that the temperature variation of sensor and wavelength shift have good linear relationship, as shown in Equation (1).But because the characteristic of fiber-optic grating sensor, it is to change the variation that comes accounting temperature by reflection wavelength, the result who obtains also is the temperature change value in a period of time, if expect the kelvin rating of object under test, then must carry out the demarcation of absolute temperature to sensor.
Δλ＝α
TΔT (1)
In the formula: Δ λ---the sensor reflection wavelength changes; α
T---the sensor temperature sensitivity coefficient; Δ T---temperature variation.
For the demarcation of fiber-optic grating sensor, most researchs are adopted in the shop experiment chamber and are demarcated, and are used for actual bituminous pavement, the absolute temperature calibration value of sensor and temperature control coefficients by using testing laboratory calibration result then.But according to discovering, great variety has taken place in the absolute temperature calibration value of sensor and temperature control coefficient before and after imbedding the road surface, and irregular following.Therefore, reasonably scaling method should be after fiber-optic grating sensor is imbedded inside, road surface, kelvin rating and the sensitivity coefficient of sensor is demarcated again.But the scaling method that does not also have road surface field optical fibers grating temperature sensor absolute temperature and sensitivity coefficient at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is absolute temperature calibration value and the temperature control coefficient problem big with respect to the error of road surface field demand for the method that solves existing employing shop experiment chamber demarcation fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, thereby a kind of scaling method of measuring the fiber-optic grating sensor of actual pavement temperature is provided.
Measure the scaling method of the fiber-optic grating sensor of actual pavement temperature, it is realized by following steps:
Among the bottom of step 1, the SMA-16 upper layer in brea bed, the AC-20 under the bottom of surface layer, the 10cm AC-25 bottom of the bottom of surface layer and ATB-30 basic unit bury a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S1, No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S2, No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S3 and No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S4 respectively underground;
Bury a thermopair D1, No. two thermopair D2, No. three thermopair D3 and No. four thermopair D4 respectively underground in surface layer and the ATB-30 basic unit under surface layer, the 10cm AC-25 among SMA-16 upper layer in brea bed, the AC-20;
Adopt the electric thermo-couple temperature measurement mechanism respectively a thermopair D1, No. two thermopair D2, No. three thermopair D3 and No. four thermopair D4 to be carried out temperature acquisition N2 time with time interval A2; N2 is the integer more than or equal to 2; A2 is positive number;
Δλ＝α
TiΔT
I=1,2,3 or 4; Obtain the temperature control factor alpha of a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S1, No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S2, No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S3 or No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S4
Ti
In the formula: Δ λ is i fiber-optical grating temperature sensor wavelength change amount of N1 collection; Δ T is the temperature variation of i thermopair of N2 collection;
T＝T
0+α′
Ti(λ-λ
0)
Obtain the absolute temperature calibration value of a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S1, No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S2, No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S3 or No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S4;
In the formula: T
0Be initial demarcation temperature; λ is i fiber-optical grating temperature sensor wavelength value of the N time collection; λ
0Wavelength value for the initial alignment fiber-optical grating temperature sensor;
Finish the demarcation of the fiber-optic grating sensor of measuring actual pavement temperature.
A fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S1, No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S2, No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S3 and No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S4 are positioned on the vertical straight line, and all apart from the 0.8m of central strip belt edge.
Thermopair D1, No. two thermopair D2, No. three thermopair D3 and No. four thermopair D4 are respectively 5cm, 12cm, 22cm and 34cm apart from the distance of brea bed upper surface.
The present invention obtains absolute temperature calibration value and the temperature control coefficient of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor at the demarcation fiber-optical grating temperature sensor at scene, road surface.The inventive method novelty, succinct, workable conveniently is applicable to the demarcation of the fiber-optical grating temperature sensor under the multiple environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the position view that fiber-optical grating temperature sensor and thermopair are embedded in brea bed among the present invention; Wherein B represents that SMA-16 upper layer, C in the brea bed represents that surface layer among the AC-20, D represent that surface layer and E are represented ATB-30 basic unit under the 10cm AC-25;
Fig. 2 is measuring principle synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 be in the embodiment two in 24 hours pavement temperature change the fiber grating sensor wavelength the cause emulation synoptic diagram of variable quantity in time;
Fig. 4 is the emulation synoptic diagram of the fiber grating sensor wavelength amount of varying with temperature that the pavement temperature variation causes in 24 hours in the embodiment two;
Fig. 5 is 24 hours the variable quantity emulation synoptic diagram that calculates the road surface internal temperature in the embodiment two according to wavelength.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 this embodiment is described, measures the scaling method of the fiber-optic grating sensor of actual pavement temperature, it is realized by following steps:
Among the bottom of step 1, the SMA-16 upper layer in brea bed, the AC-20 under the bottom of surface layer, the 10cm AC-25 bottom of the bottom of surface layer and ATB-30 basic unit bury a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S1, No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S2, No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S3 and No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S4 respectively underground;
Bury a thermopair D1, No. two thermopair D2, No. three thermopair D3 and No. four thermopair D4 respectively underground in surface layer and the ATB-30 basic unit under surface layer, the 10cm AC-25 among SMA-16 upper layer in brea bed, the AC-20;
Adopt the electric thermo-couple temperature measurement mechanism respectively a thermopair D1, No. two thermopair D2, No. three thermopair D3 and No. four thermopair D4 to be carried out temperature acquisition N2 time with time interval A2; N2 is the integer more than or equal to 2; A2 is positive number;
Δλ＝α
TiΔT
I=1,2,3 or 4; Obtain the temperature control factor alpha of a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S1, No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S2, No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S3 or No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S4
Ti
In the formula: Δ λ is i fiber-optical grating temperature sensor wavelength change amount of N1 collection; Δ T is the temperature variation of i thermopair of N2 collection;
T＝T
0+α′
Ti(λ-λ
0)
Obtain the absolute temperature calibration value of a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S1, No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S2, No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S3 or No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S4;
In the formula: T
0Be initial demarcation temperature; λ is i fiber-optical grating temperature sensor wavelength value of the N time collection; λ
0Wavelength value for the initial alignment fiber-optical grating temperature sensor;
Finish the demarcation of the fiber-optic grating sensor of measuring actual pavement temperature.
A fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S1, No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S2, No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S3 and No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S4 are positioned on the vertical straight line, and all apart from the 0.8m of central strip belt edge.
Thermopair D1, No. two thermopair D2, No. three thermopair D3 and No. four thermopair D4 are respectively 5cm, 12cm, 22cm and 34cm apart from the distance of brea bed upper surface.
The difference of the scaling method of the fiber-optic grating sensor of embodiment two, this embodiment and the actual pavement temperature of embodiment one described measurement is, a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S1, No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S2, No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S3 and No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S4 are positioned on the vertical straight line, and all apart from the 0.8m of central strip belt edge.
Thermopair D1, No. two thermopair D2, No. three thermopair D3 and No. four thermopair D4 are respectively 5cm, 12cm, 22cm and 34cm apart from the distance of brea bed upper surface.
The value of A is 1 minute.The value of N1 is 1440.The span of N2 is between 5 to 15.
Below by on-the-spot real data explanation the present invention to be measured:
Field condition: the pavement structure at the on-the-spot B of highway place is four layers of brea bed and two-layer semi-rigid type base, and the brea bed material is respectively SMA-16, AC-20, AC-25 and ATB-30 from top to bottom.During build on the road surface, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor S1, S2, S3, S4 have been buried underground in inside, road surface, horizontal direction vertically lays respectively at each layer bottom of brea bed SMA-16, AC-20, AC-25 apart from central strip belt edge 0.8m position, and is on same the vertical curve.Apart from optical cable four fiber-optic grating sensors are connected to range sensor and bury underground on the indoor fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator of the A position monitoring of a 10km by long, (FBG) demodulator can be monitored in real time to the wavelength of sensor.As shown in Figure 2.
Use the inventive method that S1, S2, four fiber-optical grating temperature sensors of S3, S4 are carried out sensitivity coefficient and kelvin rating demarcation.
Boring: bury situation underground according to the field optical fibers grating sensor, along vehicle heading, apart from fiber-optic grating sensor horizontal direction 20cm, 30cm, 40cm and 50cm position, carry out mark with chalk.The field by using small generator is powered to electric hammer, uses electric hammer marked locations boring on the road surface, bore diameter 1.5cm～2cm, and the degree of depth is the distance of corresponding brea bed distance from bottom road surfaces to be measured respectively.The hole is 2. 3. dark 22cm of dark 12cm, hole of dark 5cm, hole 1., and the hole is dark 34cm 4., and the ash of will holing after the boring is drawn out.As shown in Figure 1.
Thermopair is installed: be used for demarcating the thermopair of road surface fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, need the high order of magnitude of measuring accuracy than field optical fibers grating temperature sensor.High precision thermopair D1, D2, D3, D4 that the laboratory is demarcated, insert respectively bored 1., 2., 3., 4. in four holes, judge whether according to going deep into length whether the thermopair gauge head has reached predetermined tested point.
Use generator that electric furnace is powered, heat pitch with electric furnace.Pour in the hole that thermopair is installed after the pitch heating, process should be rapidly, stable, guarantees that pitch is full of hole before sclerosis, makes the heat transfer of thermopair and ground surface material even.
Temperature test: it was indoor to return the monitoring of A place after the on-the-spot thermopair installation, starts fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, begins S1, S2, four fiber grating sensor wavelengths of S3, S4 are gathered, and got a value every one minute.Be example with the S2 sensor, its wavelength one day situation of change as shown in Figure 3.
According to Fig. 3, by the analysis to the wavelength variations situation, selected transducer calibration is 7 o'clock constantly, 10 o'clock, 13 o'clock, 16 o'clock, about 19 o'clock scene temperature is tested.The thermopair installation can be demarcated sensor after 24 hours at the scene, namely being carved into the scene, road surface at selected timing signal surveys electric thermo-couple temperature, and recording test time, the indoor (FBG) demodulator of assurance is uninterruptedly gathered the wavelength of fiber-optic grating sensor during the on-the-spot test.After test is finished, obtain in one day respectively at 7 o'clock,,,, inscribe the temperature value of S1, S2, S3, S4 sensor correspondence during a certain about 19 o'clock at 16 o'clock at 13 o'clock at 10 o'clock.
Remove thermopair: for guaranteeing security that vehicle travels and the integrality of pavement structure, after calibration measurements is finished at the scene, the on-the-spot test thermopair must be removed, and use tar sand that boring is filled, anti-sealing causes damage from entering the inner road pavement in road surface in the air.
Bituminous pavement absolute temperature calculates: according to on-the-spot different measured temperatures constantly, find corresponding fiber grating sensor wavelength value of this moment, S1, S2, S3, S4 are carried out the regretional analysis of temperature-wavelength, obtain the regression model of each sensor correspondence respectively, the temperature control coefficient and the absolute temperature that obtain each sensor are simultaneously demarcated initial value, by calculating the kelvin rating that can obtain corresponding fiber-optical grating temperature sensor.
Be example with the S2 sensor, on-site proving regretional analysis result as shown in Figure 3, the temperature of the correspondence that must calculate by sensor wavelength is as shown in Figure 4.Calculate one day situation of change of road surface internal temperature as shown in Figure 5 by wavelength.
The present invention adopts the high precision thermopair, use tool equipments such as small generator, electric furnace, electric hammer, steel tape, galvanic couple tester, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, by steps such as the on-the-spot boring on the road surface, thermopair installation, scene temperature actual measurement and absolute temperature calculating, temperature control coefficient and kelvin rating to the fiber-optical grating temperature sensor that is embedded in bituminous pavement inside are demarcated, and finally obtain the kelvin rating of bituminous pavement inside.Method novelty, succinct, workable conveniently is applicable to the demarcation of the fiber-optical grating temperature sensor under the multiple environment.
Claims (6)
1. measure the scaling method of the fiber-optic grating sensor of actual pavement temperature, it is characterized in that: it is realized by following steps:
Among the bottom of step 1, the SMA-16 upper layer in brea bed, the AC-20 under the bottom of surface layer, the 10cm AC-25 bottom of the bottom of surface layer and ATB-30 basic unit bury a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (S1), No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S2), No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S3) and No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S4) respectively underground;
Bury a thermopair (D1), No. two thermopairs (D2), No. three thermopairs (D3) and No. four thermopairs (D4) respectively underground in surface layer and the ATB-30 basic unit under surface layer, the 10cm AC-25 among SMA-16 upper layer in brea bed, the AC-20;
Step 2, employing fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator carry out N1 collection with time interval A1 to the wavelength of a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (S1), the wavelength of No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S2), the wavelength of No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S3) and the wavelength of No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S4) by four optical fiber respectively; A1 is positive number, and N1 is the integer greater than 2;
Adopt the electric thermo-couple temperature measurement mechanism respectively a thermopair (D1), No. two thermopairs (D2), No. three thermopairs (D3) and No. four thermopairs (D4) to be carried out temperature acquisition N2 time with time interval A2; N2 is the integer more than or equal to 2; A2 is positive number;
Step 3, pass through formula:
Δλ＝α
TiΔT
I=1,2,3 or 4; Obtain the temperature control factor alpha of a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (S1), No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S2), No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S3) or No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S4)
Ti
In the formula: Δ λ is i fiber-optical grating temperature sensor wavelength change amount of N1 collection; Δ T is the temperature variation of i thermopair of N2 collection;
Step 4, pass through formula:
T＝T
0+α′
Ti(λ-λ
0)
Obtain the absolute temperature calibration value of a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (S1), No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S2), No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S3) or No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S4);
In the formula: T
0Be initial demarcation temperature; λ is i fiber-optical grating temperature sensor wavelength value of the N time collection; λ
0Wavelength value for the initial alignment fiber-optical grating temperature sensor;
Finish the demarcation of the fiber-optic grating sensor of measuring actual pavement temperature.
2. the scaling method of the fiber-optic grating sensor of the actual pavement temperature of measurement according to claim 1, it is characterized in that a fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (S1), No. two fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S2), No. three fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S3) and No. four fiber-optical grating temperature sensors (S4) are positioned on the vertical straight line, and all apart from the 0.8m of central strip belt edge.
3. the scaling method of the fiber-optic grating sensor of the actual pavement temperature of measurement according to claim 1 is characterized in that a thermopair (D1), No. two thermopairs (D2), No. three thermopairs (D3) and No. four thermopairs (D4) are respectively 5cm, 12cm, 22cm and 34cm apart from the distance of brea bed upper surface.
4. the scaling method of the fiber-optic grating sensor of the actual pavement temperature of measurement according to claim 1, the value that it is characterized in that A is 1 minute.
5. the scaling method of the fiber-optic grating sensor of the actual pavement temperature of measurement according to claim 1, the value that it is characterized in that N1 is 1440.
6. the scaling method of the fiber-optic grating sensor of the actual pavement temperature of measurement according to claim 1, the span that it is characterized in that N2 is between 5 to 15.
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| CN106168509A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-30 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Bituminous paving temperature based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques monitoring system |
| CN107014442A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-08-04 | 黑龙江工程学院 | Based on MMLS3 accelerated loading apparatus optical fiber grating sensor distribution methods |
| CN110307908A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-08 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | A kind of calculation method of pavement structure equivalent temperature |
| CN111256869A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Optical fiber sensor for road for testing temperature field along depth direction and arrangement method |
| CN115014572A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-09-06 | 四川大学 | Method for improving performance of temperature sensing array by using optical fiber Rayleigh scattering |
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