CN103234347A - Method for optimizing and controlling rotary kiln air volume - Google Patents
Method for optimizing and controlling rotary kiln air volume Download PDFInfo
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- CN103234347A CN103234347A CN2013101746522A CN201310174652A CN103234347A CN 103234347 A CN103234347 A CN 103234347A CN 2013101746522 A CN2013101746522 A CN 2013101746522A CN 201310174652 A CN201310174652 A CN 201310174652A CN 103234347 A CN103234347 A CN 103234347A
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Abstract
A method for optimizing and controlling rotary kiln air volume includes that closed-loop control is conducted on fuel flow according to load raw material flow, the kiln tail temperature and temperature difference between the kiln head and the kiln tail, optimal air volume is found according to the fuel flow, a back-to-back method and a self-optimization algorithm, and closed-loop control on the air volume is achieved. By means of the method, product quality problems caused by unreasonable temperature field distribution of the rotary kiln can be effectively solved, problems of insufficient burning of fuel, raw material flow abnormality in a preheater and low heat efficiency of the preheater due to unreasonable air volume can be solved effectively, and the purposes of reducing fuel consumption and stabilizing product quality are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Rotary Kiln Control technical field, relate in particular to a kind of rotary kiln air quantity optimal control method.
Background technology
Rotary kiln is a kind of important process units in industries such as metallurgy, cement, the rotary kiln technology device generally includes equipment such as multistage cyclone preheater, rotary kiln and cooler, rotary kiln process units productivity index comprises product quality, device capbility, product energy consumption and security and stability etc., because technical process relates to gas-solid biphase flow and complicated reaction, process lag is big, severe conjunction coupling between parameter, operation adjustment is had very high requirement, is the difficult problem of industry process control application study always.
For the operation of rotary kiln process units, generally based on following consideration, namely fuel depends on material, and air quantity depends on fuel, and kiln speed depends on the calcining situation of material in the kiln, and this is the basic technology rule of calcined by rotary kiln.And to design the requirement that a control system goes to realize technological operation, satisfy the productivity index request of device, namely need to realize the best fit of air quantity, fuel, material, kiln speed, make flow field, temperature field, the pressure field of firing system be stabilized in the range of balance, what require also in addition that air quantity, fuel, material cooperate is effective, and material disperses, suspended state is good.Coal dust firing is to guarantee rotary kiln high-quality, high yield, the key that works well fully, wherein air quantity control is decided by operational quality to a great extent, system not only will provide enough oxygen for full combustion of fuel with air quantity, also need to satisfy material in pre-heating system, suspend necessary air quantity, wind speed, therefore, high-quality air quantity control is to improve efficiency of combustion and preheater heat exchange efficiency, the means that cut down the consumption of energy.
Patent of invention " alumina clinker sintering rotary kiln intelligence control method (03157318.5) ", adopt intelligent predicting, coordination, self adaptation, multiobjective decision-making, multi-modal control technology to solve rotary kiln process control problem, its essence is and sum up artificial operating experience, realize expert's control of rotary kiln according to rule; Inner Mongol petrochemical industry 19 phase P87-89 in 2009, " the cement kiln expert controls software and scans " article that Mei Feng delivers has been introduced a plurality of external cement experts and has been controlled software, and the core technology principle comprises fuzzy control technology, neuroid technology, model predictive control technique etc.
Mainly comprise the expert's control technologys such as fuzzy control that do not rely on Mathematical Modeling, model predictive control technique and the neuroid technology that relies on Mathematical Modeling in the prior art.Expert's control technology is because can't accurately describing the dynamic relationship between variable, and control accuracy is poor, and simultaneously, the rule of institute's foundation is set up at specific operation, is difficult to cover the control problem of full operating mode scope; There is modeling length consuming time in control technology based on model, and the modeling difficulty to the required precision height of on-the-spot measure and control instrument, is difficult to shortcomings such as adaptation at the time-varying characteristics of process.
In sum, existing technology still exists certain limitation and defective, so invention this method.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is: invent a kind of rotary kiln air quantity optimal control method, solve the unreasonable product quality problem that causes of kiln temperature field distribution, raw material flow abnormalities and the low problem of the preheater thermal efficiency in the insufficient and preheater of the fuel combustion that solution causes because air quantity is unreasonable, totally reach the reduction fuel consumption, the purpose of stabilized product quality.
A kind of rotary kiln air quantity optimal control method is provided with field instruments such as kiln end temperature controller, kiln head and tail differential temperature controller, fuel flow rate setting apparatus, fuel flow controller, air quantity setting apparatus, air quantity optimal controller, selector A, selector B, blast volume controller, fuel flow rate measurement and actuator, air measuring and actuator, raw material flow measuring transducer, temperature of kiln head measuring transducer, kiln end temperature measuring transducer, preheater differential pressure measurement transmitter.
An act as a fuel input of flow set device of raw material flow, the output of fuel flow rate setting apparatus is the fuel flow rate setting value, setting curve is set by design data or operating experience, the act as a fuel setting value of flow controller of the output sum of the output of fuel flow rate setting apparatus and kiln end temperature controller, kiln head and tail differential temperature controller, each controller adopts pid algorithm, realizes the closed-loop control of fuel flow rate.
Fuel flow rate is as an input of air quantity setting apparatus, the output of air quantity setting apparatus is the air quantity setting value, setting curve is set by design data or operating experience, the output sum of the output of air quantity setting apparatus and air quantity optimal controller exports blast volume controller to through the preheater differential pressure upper limit, lower limit amplitude limit, setting value as blast volume controller, blast volume controller adopts pid algorithm, realizes the closed-loop control of air quantity.
The output sum of the output of air quantity setting apparatus and air quantity optimal controller is as the input 1 of selector A, actual air volume is as the input 2 of selector A, selector A accepts the preheater differential pressure upper limit switching signal that transfinites simultaneously, when super last the prescribing a time limit of differential pressure, selector A is output as the input 2 of selector A, otherwise the input 1 of outlet selector A; The output of selector A is as the input 1 of selector B, actual air volume is as the input 2 of selector B, and selector B accepts the preheater differential pressure lower limit switching signal that transfinites simultaneously, when differential pressure less than down in limited time, selector B is output as the input 2 of selector B, otherwise the input 1 of outlet selector B; Selector B output is as the setting value of blast volume controller.
The air quantity optimal controller adopts the feedback transmitter adaptive searching optimal algorithm, optimization target values is the fuel quantity that the unit raw material consume, constraints is preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit, air quantity is as optimizing variable, by increasing or reducing air quantity, treat system responses after, the variation of optimization target values under the operating mode relatively, if optimization target values diminishes and significantly, this adjustment fuel saving is described, is useful that continuation is adjusted air quantity by current direction; If optimization target values increases and significantly, then adjust the opposite direction adjustment air quantity of direction by current air quantity; When optimization target values changes no longer obviously, then stop to adjust air quantity, the air quantity of looking current reality is best air quantity, searching process finishes, in case and in searching process preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit transfinite, then stop optimizing immediately.
Usefulness of the present invention is: the fuel flow rate setting apparatus is input with the raw material flow of representative load, provides a fuel flow rate setting value, and the flow coarse adjustment amount that acts as a fuel makes fuel quantity can in time follow the variation of load; Kiln end temperature controller, kiln head and tail differential temperature controller carry out meticulous adjusting to fuel flow rate, help to set up in rotary kiln a rational temperature gradient, are the important means that guarantees control of product quality; The air quantity setting apparatus is input to represent fuel flow rate, provides an air quantity setting value, as air quantity coarse adjustment amount, makes air quantity can in time follow the variation of fuel quantity; The air quantity optimal controller is used for seeking the best air quantity that is complementary with current fuel quantity, raw material amount to be realized air quantity is carried out meticulous adjusting, and can take into account pre-heating system simultaneously to the requirement of air quantity, it is smooth and easy both to have satisfied the raw material Flow of Goods and Materials, can also guarantee the thermal efficiency of rotary kiln and preheater, realize the Energy Saving Control of rotary kiln device; Air quantity adaptive searching optimal algorithm that optimal controller adopts belongs to feedback transmitter and optimizes algorithm, does not rely on Mathematical Modeling, the measuring instrument performance (as precision, drift etc.) at scene is required low, as long as measuring instrument can reflect the trend of working conditions change.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is rotary kiln air quantity optimal control method block diagram.
The specific embodiment
The act as a fuel input of flow set device of raw material flow F1, setting apparatus output is the function of input variable F1, this function arranges according to design data or operating experience; T2SP, T2 are respectively setting value and the measured values of kiln end temperature controller, △ T12 is the poor of temperature of kiln head and kiln end temperature, △ T12SP, △ T12 are respectively setting value and the measured values of kiln hood and kiln tail differential temperature controller, the act as a fuel setting value of flow controller of the output of the output of fuel flow rate setting apparatus and kiln end temperature controller, kiln head and tail differential temperature controller output three sum, the act as a fuel measured value of flow controller of fuel flow rate F2, each controller adopts pid control algorithm, realizes the closed-loop control of fuel flow rate; Kiln end temperature controller ratio P span 80～120 wherein, the time of integration, the I span 200～300, differential D span 10～20; Kiln head and tail differential temperature controller ratio P span 150～200, the time of integration I span ∞, differential D span 30～50; Fuel flow controller ratio P span 60～90, the time of integration, the I span 30～50.
△ PHS, △ PLS are respectively the preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit switching value signals that transfinites, and are the variablees that preheater differential pressure signal △ P relatively obtains through the differential pressure upper and lower limit setting value with artificial setting.
Fuel flow rate F2 is as the input of air quantity setting apparatus, and setting apparatus output is the function of input variable F2, and this function arranges according to design data or operating experience; The output sum F3S of the output of this setting apparatus and air quantity optimal controller is as the input 1 of selector A, actual air volume F3 is as the input 2 of selector A, the preheater differential pressure upper limit of selector A accepting the simultaneously switching signal △ PHS that transfinites, when super last the prescribing a time limit of differential pressure, selector A is output as the input 2 signal air quantity F3 of outlet selector A, otherwise the input 1 signal F3S of outlet selector A; The output of selector A is as the input 1 of selector B, actual air volume F3 is as the input 2 of selector B, selector B accepts the preheater differential pressure lower limit switching signal △ PLS that transfinites simultaneously, when differential pressure is prescribed a time limit less than following, selector B is output as the input 2 signal air quantity F3 of selector B, otherwise the input 1 of outlet selector B; Selector B output is as the setting value of blast volume controller, and blast volume controller adopts the PI control algolithm, ratio P span 70～80, and the time of integration, the I span 20～30, realized the closed-loop control of air quantity.
The air quantity optimal controller adopts adaptive searching optimal algorithm, and specific algorithm can be consulted the pertinent literatures such as optimum seeking method of Hua Luogeng, belongs to feedback transmitter by its handling characteristics and optimizes algorithm; Optimization target values is calculated as
, order
Setting optimization criterion threshold value σ span is 0.2%～0.5%, constraints is that preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit is also as optimizing the criterion that finishes simultaneously, optimization cycle is for a change behind the air quantity, system reaches the required time of steady-state response, and the optimization step-length span of air quantity is 0.5%～1% of current air quantity F3; By increasing or reducing air quantity, treat system responses after, calculation optimization desired value J is if △ J〉during σ, illustrate that this adjustment is useful, continue to adjust air mass flow by original direction; If △ is J＜-during σ, adjust the opposite direction of direction by original air quantity and adjust air quantity; When | △ J|＜=σ, then stop to adjust air quantity, show that current actual air volume is best air quantity, searching process finishes, in case and in searching process preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit transfinite, then stop optimizing immediately.
Claims (2)
1. rotary kiln air quantity optimal control method, be provided with the kiln end temperature controller, the kiln head and tail differential temperature controller, the fuel flow rate setting apparatus, fuel flow controller, the air quantity setting apparatus, the air quantity optimal controller, selector A, selector B, blast volume controller, fuel flow rate is measured and actuator, air measuring and actuator, the raw material flow measuring transducer, the temperature of kiln head measuring transducer, the kiln end temperature measuring transducer, field instruments such as preheater differential pressure measurement transmitter, it is characterized in that: an act as a fuel input of flow set device of raw material flow, setting apparatus output is the fuel flow rate setting value, setting curve is set by design data or operating experience, the output of this setting apparatus and kiln end temperature controller, the act as a fuel setting value of flow controller of the output sum of kiln head and tail differential temperature controller, each controller adopts pid algorithm or other control algolithm, realizes the closed-loop control of fuel flow rate; Fuel flow rate is as an input of air quantity setting apparatus, the output of air quantity setting apparatus is the air quantity setting value, setting curve is set by design data or operating experience, the output of air quantity setting apparatus exports blast volume controller to through the preheater differential pressure upper limit, lower limit amplitude limit, setting value as blast volume controller, blast volume controller adopts pid algorithm, realizes the closed-loop control of air quantity; The output of air quantity setting apparatus is as the input 1 of selector A, actual air volume is as the input 2 of selector A, and selector A accepts the preheater differential pressure upper limit switching signal that transfinites simultaneously, when differential pressure super last in limited time, selector A is output as the input 2 of selector A, otherwise the input 1 of outlet selector A; The output of selector A is as the input 1 of selector B, actual air volume is as the input 2 of selector B, and selector B accepts the preheater differential pressure lower limit switching signal that transfinites simultaneously, when differential pressure less than down in limited time, selector B is output as the input 2 of selector B, otherwise the input 1 of outlet selector B; Selector B output is as the setting value of blast volume controller.
2. air quantity optimal control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the air quantity optimal controller adopts the feedback transmitter adaptive searching optimal algorithm, optimization target values is the fuel quantity that the unit raw material consume, and constraints is preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit, and air quantity is as optimizing variable, by increasing or reduce air quantity, after treating system responses, best air quantity is sought in the relatively variation of optimization target values under the operating mode of front and back, in case preheater differential pressure upper and lower limit transfinites in the searching process, then stop optimizing immediately.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104019662A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-09-03 | 北方工业大学 | Rotary kiln control system |
| CN108871825A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-11-23 | 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 | A method of judging cement kiln hot working efficiency |
| CN110354630A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-10-22 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Cold blast rate control method and device for Analytic Tower in flue gas purification system |
| CN110482885A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-22 | 四川永祥新材料有限公司 | A kind of portland cement composition of raw materials and portland cement preparation method |
| CN110684547A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-14 | 中国计量大学 | Optimized control method for biomass pyrolysis carbonization kiln |
| CN110926200A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-27 | 内蒙古君正化工有限责任公司 | Control method, system and application of steam drying device |
| CN112050627A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-12-08 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Temperature control method for reduction rotary kiln |
| CN113606932A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-05 | 济南大学 | Method and device for evaluating and correcting on-line calculation parameters of thermal efficiency of rotary cement kiln |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104019662A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-09-03 | 北方工业大学 | Rotary kiln control system |
| CN104019662B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2015-10-21 | 北方工业大学 | Rotary kiln control system |
| CN108871825A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-11-23 | 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 | A method of judging cement kiln hot working efficiency |
| CN112050627A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-12-08 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Temperature control method for reduction rotary kiln |
| CN110354630A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-10-22 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Cold blast rate control method and device for Analytic Tower in flue gas purification system |
| CN110354630B (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2022-02-18 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | Cold air volume control method and device for analysis tower in flue gas purification system |
| CN110482885A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-22 | 四川永祥新材料有限公司 | A kind of portland cement composition of raw materials and portland cement preparation method |
| CN110684547A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-14 | 中国计量大学 | Optimized control method for biomass pyrolysis carbonization kiln |
| CN110926200A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-27 | 内蒙古君正化工有限责任公司 | Control method, system and application of steam drying device |
| CN113606932A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-05 | 济南大学 | Method and device for evaluating and correcting on-line calculation parameters of thermal efficiency of rotary cement kiln |
| CN113606932B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2022-07-01 | 济南大学 | Method and device for evaluating and correcting on-line calculation parameters of thermal efficiency of rotary cement kiln |
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