CN103233720B

CN103233720B - System and method for monitoring hydraulic fractures based on magnetic support agents

Info

Publication number: CN103233720B
Application number: CN201310149721.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘均荣; 姚军; 王月英; 孙致学; 黄朝琴
Original assignee: China University of Petroleum East China
Current assignee: China University of Petroleum East China
Priority date: 2013-04-26
Filing date: 2013-04-26
Publication date: 2014-08-20
Anticipated expiration: 2033-04-26
Also published as: CN103233720A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of oil exploration and development, and relates to a system and a method for monitoring fractures. The system comprises a magnetic support agent container, a non-magnetic support agent container, magnetometers and a computer data processing center, magnetic support agents and non-magnetic support agents are mixed in a support agent container and then enter a fracturing blender truck through a mixed support agent conveying pipeline, fracturing liquid stored in a fracturing liquid container enters the fracturing blender truck through a fracturing liquid conveying pipeline, fracturing blender liquid enters a fractured well through a conveying pipeline and then enters the hydraulic fractures, the magnetometers positioned on the ground and in a local well and/or adjacent wells are connected with the computer data processing center through communication lines, and the computer data processing center acquires and stores measuring information of the magnetometers, and computes and displays support agent distribution states and hydraulic fracture parameters. The movement and distribution states of the support agents in the hydraulic fractures can be tracked, the sizes, the shapes and the trends of the effective hydraulic fractures are determined, and transport of the support agents in the fracturing flow-back process can be monitored.

Description

Hydraulic fracture monitoring system and monitoring method based on magnetic support agent

Technical field

The invention belongs to oil exploration and development fields, particularly, relate to a kind of system and method for monitoring fracturing fracture, particularly a kind of hydraulic fracture monitoring system and method based on magnetic support agent.

Background technology

Along with energy scarcity trend increases, the important schedule of energy development has been mentioned in unconventional energy resource exploitation.The reserves of fine and close oil-gas reservoir are considerable, but its permeability is in Na Daxi level scope conventionally, must take fracturing measure could realize business exploitation.The effect of fracturing is not only relevant with the flow conductivity in crack after pressure, and relevant with the construction technology based on crack Real-Time Monitoring result.Therefore, effectively Crack Monitoring technology is particularly important to improving fracturing effect.Feature and the distribution of proppant in crack of grasping crack have important practical significance to disposing well location and well spacing, optimization fracture parameters and construction technology, raising recovery ratio etc.

Industry has been applied several different methods monitoring fracturing measure effect, as near field monitoring methods such as the far field monitoring methods such as microseism, inclinometer and radioactive tracer log, temperature loggings.

Microseism monitoring method is mainly the acoustic emission signal producing because of shear failure at rock interior by fracture detection extension process, with this, comes fracture extension process and fracture parameters in Study In Reservoir.Yet, the microseism signal of many records and supported dose of crack of supporting be have nothing to do (as seismic signal may be caused by the crack containing proppant not, also in time, is caused may to discharge stress by the rock in other non-hydraulic communication district), and the seismic wave that difference produces is by the final signal that interacts and disturb receiver to receive, so microseism monitoring is not very accurate.The pendage that inclinometer causes by monitoring pressure break comes inverting to determine fracture parameters, the method increases its vertical resolution with the degree of depth and declines, the interval that is pressed off and do not pressed off in fracture zone can not be made a distinction, can not effectively determine whether crack extends to expection crack location region in addition.These two kinds of far field monitoring methods can only be implemented in fracturing process, can not press rear duplicate measurements, can not determine the distribution of proppant in crack, also can not determine effective fracture parameter.

The sound variation situation that acoustic detecting well method utilizes fracturing fluid to enter pit shaft is determined the difference that fracturing fluid is mobile, thereby obtain the general height in pit shaft crack, but acoustic detecting well method is subject to the impact of the factor such as intrinsic fracture in rock type, formation porosity, hole geometry, wellbore conditions and stratum, can fracture detection height, width and orientation.Temperature logging is measured fracturing fluid and is injected the formation temperature causing and change, and post-fracturing log data and base line measurement result are compared and determine fractured interval and fracture height.Temperature-responsive is relevant with fluid and irrelevant with proppant distribution.Radioactive tracer method is in fracturing process, radioactive tracer to be added in fracturing fluid, carries out the well logging of spectrum gamma rays after pressure break, with this, explains fracture parameters.There is the problems such as half-life, radioactivity in this method, and layering/segregation phenomenon may appear in radioactive material in the traveling process of crack with fracturing fluid, and the result of explanation can not reflect actual fissured structure.Recently external proposition caught mixture by HTNCC(high energy thermal neutron) sintering is in proppant, then adopt neutron or compensated neutron log instrument, pulsed neutron to catch logging tool or press post-compensation neutron well logging instrument to carry out crack measurement, with this, determining fracture height and proppant position.This method has not only solved the radioactivity problem of tracer and the tracer separation/delamination problem that may exist, but also can realize, presses rear duplicate measurements.Existing near field Crack Monitoring Technology Need is measured immediately after pressure break, does not possess the ability of Real-Time Monitoring, and only can obtain the fracture parameters within the scope of nearly pit shaft.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve above technical problem, the invention provides a kind of hydraulic fracture monitoring system and monitoring method based on magnetic support agent, not only effectively solve in fracturing process the problem of the effective hydraulic fracture of duplicate measurements after Real-Time Monitoring, pressure break, but also provide a kind of fracturing to return the apparatus and method of monitoring proppant migration in row's process.

For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following proposal:

A hydraulic fracture monitoring system based on magnetic support agent, comprising: magnetic support agent container, non magnetic sand bin, mixed with proppants container, fracturing blender truck, high-pressure pump group, fracturing fluid container, magnetic support agent feed-line, non magnetic proppant transport pipeline, mixing proppant transport pipeline, fracturing fluid feed-line, the first mulling liquid feed-line, computer data processing center, magnetometer, magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line, high-pressure pump group, the second mulling liquid feed-line; It is characterized in that: in magnetic support agent container, store magnetic support agent, in non magnetic sand bin, store non magnetic proppant; Described magnetic support agent container by magnetic support agent feed-line be connected with mixed with proppants device, non magnetic sand bin is connected with mixed with proppants device by non magnetic proppant transport pipeline; Magnetic support agent, non magnetic enter and in mixed with proppants device, are uniformly mixed to form mixing proppant in predetermined ratio; Described mixed with proppants device is connected with fracturing blender truck by mixing proppant transport pipeline, and fracturing fluid container is connected with fracturing blender truck by fracturing fluid feed-line; Through mixed with proppants device, carry out even mixed mixing proppant and enter fracturing blender truck by mixing proppant transport pipeline; In fracturing fluid container, store fracturing fluid, fracturing fluid enters fracturing blender truck by fracturing fluid feed-line; Proppant and fracturing fluid mix and form mulling liquid in fracturing blender truck; Fracturing blender truck is connected with high-pressure pump group by the first mulling liquid feed-line, and high-pressure pump group is connected with the pit shaft of fractured well by the second mulling liquid feed-line; Described enters the supercharging of high-pressure pump group through the even mixed mulling liquid of fracturing blender truck by the first mulling liquid feed-line, high pressure mulling liquid after supercharging enters in the pit shaft of fractured well through the second mulling liquid feed-line, and the passage that then enters crack through mulling liquid enters in hydraulic fracture; Magnetometer is connected with computer data processing center by communication line, and computer data processing center gathers, preserves the metrical information of magnetometer and calculates, shows proppant distribution and hydraulic fracture parameter.

Preferably, magnetometer comprises ground magnetometer, fractured well magnetometer and/or offset well magnetometer.

Preferably, ground magnetometer is connected with computer data processing center with computer data processing center communication line by ground magnetometer, fractured well magnetometer is connected with computer data processing center with computer data processing center communication line by fractured well magnetometer, and offset well magnetometer is connected with computer data processing center with computer data processing center communication line by offset well magnetometer.

Preferably, the volume ratio that described magnetic support agent accounts for mixing proppant is between 10% to 100%; Magnetic support agent container is with magnetic shielding device.

Preferably, described ground magnetometer, fractured well magnetometer, offset well magnetic force are counted superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID); Ground magnetometer is positioned on the ground centered by fractured well, by a plurality of magnetometers, forms a magnetometer group, from ground monitoring magnetic parameter, changes; Fractured well magnetometer is arranged near the fractured interval of fractured well pit shaft, by a plurality of magnetometers, forms a magnetometer group, from this well of fractured well monitoring magnetic parameter, changes; Offset well magnetometer is arranged in the depth that offset well is corresponding with the fractured well fractured interval degree of depth, by a plurality of magnetometers, forms a magnetometer group, monitors magnetic parameter and change from offset well.

Hydraulic fracture monitoring method based on magnetic support agent, adopts above-mentioned monitoring system, adopts Real-Time Monitoring mode, starts the monitoring of pressure break overall process after arranging the monitoring field of fractured well, and concrete steps are as follows:

Step 1: arrange monitoring field

Before fracturing unit and fracturing material enter pressure break scene, according to actual environment around fractured well, centered by fractured well at one group of ground magnetometer of ground configuration, near fractured well fractured interval, arrange one group of fractured well magnetometer, in offset well, corresponding fractured interval depth is arranged one group of offset well magnetometer, and by ground magnetometer, fractured well magnetometer, offset well magnetometer is respectively by ground magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line, fractured well magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line, offset well magnetometer is connected with computer data processing center with computer data processing center communication line,

Step 2: start computer data processing center, measure initial background magnetic field;

Step 3: fracturing unit and fracturing material scene are in place;

Step 4: background magnetic field when measurement fracturing unit and fracturing material are in place;

Step 5: inject prepad fluid in pit shaft, press off stratum at predetermined pressure break position and form hydraulic fracture;

Step 6: magnetic support agent and non magnetic proppant are evenly mixed in mixed with proppants device, be then uniformly mixed to form mulling liquid with fracturing fluid and inject fractured well pit shaft in fracturing blender truck;

Step 7: be full of pit shaft but measure proppant before not entering the crack that prepad fluid presses off at the mulling liquid that carries magnetic support agent and non magnetic proppant and enter the background magnetic field before crack;

Step 8: constantly inject stratum hydraulic fracture along with carrying the mulling liquid of magnetic support agent and non magnetic proppant, measure the strengthening magnetic field that proppant enters crack;

Step 9: the strengthening magnetic field and the measured proppant of step 7 that enter crack according to the measured proppant of step 8 enter the background magnetic field before crack, by computer data processing center, undertaken obtaining and ground, fractured well, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show in real time magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters variation in fracturing process;

Step 10: when the magnetic support agent in fractured well pit shaft, non magnetic proppant and of the fracturing fluid even mulling liquid are replaced in hydraulic fracture completely, strengthening magnetic field when measurement proppant all replaces into crack;

Step 11: the background magnetic field when fracturing unit that the strengthening magnetic field while all replacing into crack according to the measured proppant of step 10 and step 4 are measured and fracturing material are in place, by computer data processing center, undertaken obtaining and ground, fractured well, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show that in real time proppant all enters magnetic support agent distribution and the fracture parameters after hydraulic fracture.

A method of work for row's process method of real-time is returned in fracturing, comprises above-mentioned method of work, it is characterized in that, also needs to carry out following steps:

Step 12: the strengthening magnetic field while measuring fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) in fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) process;

Step 13: the background magnetic field when fracturing unit that the strengthening magnetic field during according to the measured fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) of step 12 and step 4 are measured and fracturing material are in place, by computer data processing center, undertaken obtaining and ground, fractured well, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show in real time magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters variation in fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) process;

Step 14: the strengthening magnetic field when measuring fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) when fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) finishes and finishing;

Step 15: the background magnetic field when fracturing unit that the strengthening magnetic field while finishing according to the measured fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) of step 14 and step 4 are measured and fracturing material are in place, by computer data processing center, undertaken obtaining and ground, fractured well, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show that fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) finishes rear magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters.

Fractured well is gone into operation and to be carried out the method for work for hydraulic fracture monitoring method of repetition/repeatedly after a period of time, adopts above-mentioned monitoring system, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

Step 1: arrange monitoring field

Fractured well is gone into operation and to be carried out the hydraulic fracture monitoring results of repetition/repeatedly after a period of time, according to actual environment around fractured well, centered by fractured well at one group of ground magnetometer of ground configuration, near fractured well fractured interval, arrange one group of fractured well magnetometer, in offset well, corresponding fractured interval depth is arranged one group of offset well magnetometer, and the magnetometer when layout quantity of magnetometer and position and this well carry out Real-Time Monitoring hydraulic fracture in the last fracturing operation process arranges that quantity and position are consistent; And ground magnetometer, fractured well magnetometer, offset well magnetometer are connected with computer data processing center with computer data processing center communication line with computer data processing center communication line, offset well magnetometer with computer data processing center communication line, fractured well magnetometer by ground magnetometer respectively;

Step 2: start computer data processing center, measure the strengthening magnetic field that fractured well was gone into operation after a period of time;

Step 3: according to the measured fractured well of step 2 strengthening magnetic field after a period of time and this well measured initial background magnetic field while implementing the last fracturing operation of going into operation, by computer data processing center, undertaken obtaining and ground, fractured well, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally pass through Comprehensive Correlation, magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters after demonstration fractured well operation a period of time.

When fractured well carries out refracturing after operation a period of time, a method of work for hydraulic fracture method of real-time, adopts above-mentioned monitoring system, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

Step 1: monitoring field is arranged

Fractured well carries out refracturing operation at this well after operation a period of time, before fracturing unit and fracturing material enter pressure break scene, according to actual environment around fractured well, centered by fractured well at one group of ground magnetometer of ground configuration, near fractured well fractured interval, arrange one group of fractured well magnetometer, in offset well, corresponding fractured interval depth is arranged one group of offset well magnetometer, magnetometer when the layout quantity of magnetometer and position and this well carry out Real-Time Monitoring hydraulic fracture in the last fracturing operation process arranges that quantity and position are consistent, and ground magnetometer, fractured well magnetometer, offset well magnetometer are connected with computer data processing center with computer data processing center communication line with computer data processing center communication line, offset well magnetometer with computer data processing center communication line, fractured well magnetometer by ground magnetometer respectively,

Step 2: start computer data processing center, measure the initial background magnetic field before refracturing;

Step 3: fracturing unit and fracturing material scene are in place;

Step 9: the strengthening magnetic field and the measured proppant of step 7 that enter crack according to the measured proppant of step 8 enter the background magnetic field before crack, by computer data processing center, undertaken obtaining and ground, fractured well, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show in real time magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters variation in refracturing process;

Step 11: the background magnetic field when fracturing unit that the strengthening magnetic field while all replacing into crack according to the measured proppant of step 10 and step 4 are measured and fracturing material are in place, by computer data processing center, undertaken obtaining and ground, fractured well, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, while showing refracturing in real time, proppant all enters magnetic support agent distribution and the fracture parameters after hydraulic fracture.

A method of work for multistage fracturing hydraulic fracture method of real-time, adopts above-mentioned monitoring system, comprises the steps:

Step 1: arrange monitoring field

Step 3: fracturing unit and fracturing material scene are in place;

Step 5: inject prepad fluid in pit shaft, press off stratum at first predetermined pressure break position and form first order hydraulic fracture;

Step 7: be full of pit shaft but measure proppant before not entering the first order hydraulic fracture that prepad fluid presses off at the mulling liquid that carries magnetic support agent and non magnetic proppant and enter the background magnetic field before first order hydraulic fracture;

Step 8: constantly inject stratum hydraulic fracture along with carrying the mulling liquid of magnetic support agent and non magnetic proppant, measure the strengthening magnetic field that proppant enters first order hydraulic fracture;

Step 9: the strengthening magnetic field and the measured proppant of step 7 that enter first order hydraulic fracture according to the measured proppant of step 8 enter the background magnetic field before first order hydraulic fracture, by computer data processing center, undertaken obtaining and ground, fractured well, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show in real time magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters variation in first order hydraulic fracture fracturing process;

Step 10: when the magnetic support agent in fractured well pit shaft, non magnetic proppant and of the fracturing fluid even mulling liquid are replaced in hydraulic fracture completely, strengthening magnetic field when measurement proppant all replaces into first order hydraulic fracture;

Step 11: the background magnetic field when fracturing unit that the strengthening magnetic field while all replacing into first order hydraulic fracture according to the measured proppant of step 10 and step 4 are measured and fracturing material are in place, by computer data processing center, undertaken obtaining and ground, fractured well, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show that in real time proppant all enters magnetic support agent distribution and the fracture parameters after first order hydraulic fracture;

Step 12: fracturing fluid recovery (backflow), completes first order hydraulic fracture pressure break, strengthening magnetic field when measurement first order hydraulic fracture fracturing work fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) finishes;

Step 13: inject prepad fluid to pit shaft, press off the formation second level, stratum hydraulic fracture at second predetermined pressure break position;

Step 14: inject magnetic support agent, non magnetic proppant and the mixed uniformly mulling liquid of fracturing fluid to pit shaft; At the mulling liquid that carries magnetic support agent and non magnetic proppant, be full of pit shaft but measure proppant before not entering the second level hydraulic fracture that prepad fluid presses off and enter the background magnetic field before the hydraulic fracture of the second level;

Step 15: constantly inject stratum hydraulic fracture along with carrying the mulling liquid of magnetic support agent and non magnetic proppant, measure the strengthening magnetic field that proppant enters second level hydraulic fracture;

Step 16: the strengthening magnetic field and the measured proppant of step 14 that enter second level hydraulic fracture according to the measured proppant of step 15 enter the background magnetic field before the hydraulic fracture of the second level, by computer data processing center, undertaken obtaining and ground, fractured well, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show in real time magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters variation in the hydraulic fracture fracturing process of the second level;

Step 17: when the magnetic support agent in fractured well pit shaft, non magnetic proppant and of the fracturing fluid even mulling liquid are replaced in hydraulic fracture completely, strengthening magnetic field when measurement proppant all replaces into second level hydraulic fracture;

Step 18: strengthening magnetic field when the measured first order hydraulic fracture fracturing work fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) of the strengthening magnetic field while all replacing into second level hydraulic fracture according to the measured proppant of step 17 and step 12 finishes, by computer data processing center, undertaken obtaining and ground, fractured well, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show that in real time proppant all enters magnetic support agent distribution and the fracture parameters after the hydraulic fracture of the second level;

Step 19: fracturing fluid recovery (backflow), completes second level hydraulic fracture pressure break, strengthening magnetic field when measurement second level hydraulic fracture fracturing work fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) finishes;

Step 20: repeat above-mentioned steps 13 ~ step 19, carry out the monitoring of next stage hydraulic fracture.

With respect to prior art, advantage of the present invention is:

1, the present invention can be from ground, Ben Jing, offset well follow the tracks of motion and the distribution of magnetic support agent the hydraulic fracture of stratum, possesses underground follow-up control.

2, the present invention according to magnetic support agent the distribution in hydraulic fracture can determine size, form, the trend of effective hydraulic fracture.

3, the present invention utilizes magnetic support agent energy Real-Time Monitoring pressing crack construction process, for the optimization of construction technology, a kind of new means that provide are provided.

4, the present invention can monitor the transport conditions that pressure break is returned proppant in row's process.

5, the present invention can realize the repeatedly duplicate measurements of hydraulic fracture after pressure break, also can realize the monitoring of refracturing, multistage fracturing.

6, the present invention can effectively solve the migration of solid particle in fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) process, enter pit shaft and damage the problem of down-hole, surface production facilities.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the hydraulic fracture monitoring system based on magnetic support agent.

In figure, 1, magnetic support agent container; 2, non magnetic sand bin; 3, mixed with proppants device; 4, fracturing blender truck; 5, fracturing fluid container; 6, fractured well; 7, hydraulic fracture; 8, magnetic support agent feed-line; 9, non magnetic proppant transport pipeline; 10, evenly mix proppant transport pipeline; 11, fracturing fluid feed-line; 12, the first mulling liquid feed-line; 13, mulling liquid enters the passage in crack; 14, offset well; 15, ground; 16, ground magnetometer; 17, fractured well magnetometer; 18, offset well magnetometer; 19, computer data processing center; 20, ground magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line; 21, fractured well magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line; 22, offset well magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line; 23, high-pressure pump group; 24, the second mulling liquid feed-line.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.

As shown in Figure 1, hydraulic fracture monitoring system based on magnetic support agent, comprise: magnetic support agent container 1, non magnetic sand bin 2, mixed with proppants container 3, fracturing blender truck 4, high-pressure pump group 23, fracturing fluid container 5, magnetic support agent feed-line 8, non magnetic proppant transport pipeline 9, mix proppant transport pipeline 10, fracturing fluid feed-line 11, the first mulling liquid feed-line 12, ground magnetometer 16, fractured well magnetometer 17, offset well magnetometer 18, computer data processing center 19, ground magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line 20, fractured well magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line 21, offset well magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line 22, high-pressure pump group 23, the second mulling liquid feed-line 24.

Magnetic support agent container 1, with magnetic shielding device, stores magnetic support agent in magnetic support agent container 1; Magnetic support agent is magnetized fracturing propping agents; the mechanical property and the significant magnetic characteristic that possess non magnetic proppant; by magnetic, super magnetic and/or paramagnetic material and non magnetic proppant, be composited; metallic particles or the oxide particle of magnetic material D p-block element p in the periodic table of elements form, and its composition includes but not limited to any combination of scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, rhodium, palladium, yttrium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, platinum or above-mentioned element.

In non magnetic sand bin 2, store non magnetic proppant; Non magnetic proppant is unmagnetized fracturing propping agents, there is enough compressive strength and antiwear property, can tolerate crunch and the frictional force while injecting, and effectively support man-made fracture, as ceramic particle proppant, quartz sand proppant, glass marble proppant, baton round proppant, walnut shell proppant, RESIN COATING PROPPING AGENT.

Described magnetic support agent container 1 by magnetic support agent feed-line 8 be connected with mixed with proppants device 3, non magnetic sand bin 2 is connected with mixed with proppants device 3 by non magnetic proppant transport pipeline 9; Magnetic support agent, non magnetic enter and in mixed with proppants device 3, are uniformly mixed to form mixing proppant in predetermined ratio, described magnetic support agent account for mix proppant volume ratio between 10% to 100%.

Described mixed with proppants device 3 is connected with fracturing blender truck 4 by mixing proppant transport pipeline 10, and fracturing fluid container 5 is connected with fracturing blender truck 4 by fracturing fluid feed-line 11; Through mixed with proppants device 3, carry out even mixed mixing proppant and enter fracturing blender truck 4 by mixing proppant transport pipeline 10; In fracturing fluid container 5, store fracturing fluid, fracturing fluid enters fracturing blender truck 4 by fracturing fluid feed-line 11; Proppant and fracturing fluid mix and form mulling liquid in fracturing blender truck 4.

Fracturing blender truck 4 is connected with high-pressure pump group 23 by the first mulling liquid feed-line 12, and high-pressure pump group 23 is connected with the pit shaft of fractured well 6 by the second mulling liquid feed-line 24; Described enters 23 superchargings of high-pressure pump group through the even mixed mulling liquid of fracturing blender truck 4 by the first mulling liquid feed-line 12, high pressure mulling liquid after supercharging enters in the pit shaft of fractured well 6 through the second mulling liquid feed-line 24, and the passage 13 that then enters crack through mulling liquid enters in hydraulic fracture 7.

Ground magnetometer 16 is positioned on the ground 15 centered by fractured well 6, by a plurality of magnetometers, forms a magnetometer group, from ground monitoring magnetic parameter, changes; Fractured well magnetometer 17 is arranged near the fractured interval of fractured well 6 pit shafts, by a plurality of magnetometers, forms a magnetometer group, from 6 well monitoring magnetic parameters of fractured well, changes; Offset well magnetometer 18 is arranged in the depth that offset well 14 is corresponding with the fractured well fractured interval degree of depth, by a plurality of magnetometers, forms a magnetometer group, monitors magnetic parameter and change from offset well 14.Computer data processing center 19 is positioned on fractured well 6 ground, well site 15, computer data processing center 19 is respectively by ground magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line 20, fractured well magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line 21, offset well magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line 22 and ground magnetometer 16, fractured well magnetometer 17, offset well magnetometer 18 is connected, computer data processing center 19 gathers, preserve ground magnetometer 16, fractured well magnetometer 17, the metrical information of offset well magnetometer 18 is also calculated, show proppant distribution and hydraulic fracture parameter.

Background magnetic field and post-fracturing strengthening magnetic field that described ground magnetometer 16, fractured well magnetometer 17, offset well magnetometer 18 detect before pressure break.Background magnetic field before pressure break refers to introduces the magnetic field recording before new magnetic support agent in stratum hydraulic fracture 7; Post-fracturing strengthening magnetic field refers to introduces the magnetic field recording after new magnetic support agent in stratum hydraulic fracture 7.

Described ground magnetometer 16, fractured well magnetometer 17, offset well magnetometer 18 are superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID).

The background magnetic field of described detection and strengthening Magnetic Field are sent into computer data processing center 19 by ground magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line 20, fractured well magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line 21, offset well magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line 22.Described computer data processing center 19 is according to the background magnetic field gathering and strengthening Magnetic Field, by determining after noise reduction process, in stratum hydraulic fracture 7, introduce the magnetic anomaly producing after magnetic support agent, then according to magnetic field three-component, total magnetic intensity parameter, the magnetic susceptibility of magnetic support agent, proppant injects volume, the parameters such as fractured well section approximate depth, utilize magnetic anomaly inversion algorithm to obtain the distribution of magnetic support agent in hydraulic fracture, and then determine and demonstration hydraulic fracture parameter (fracture height, fracture length, crack width, fracture strike, fracture orientation), this function can realize according to hydraulic fracture magnetic anomaly of the prior art data acquisition and inversion interpretation software.

Embodiment 1

Step 1: arrange monitoring field

Before fracturing unit and fracturing material enter pressure break scene, according to actual environment around fractured well 6, centered by fractured well 6, on ground, 15 arrange one group of ground magnetometer 16, near fractured well 6 fractured intervals, arrange one group of fractured well magnetometer 17, in offset well 14, corresponding fractured interval depth is arranged one group of offset well magnetometer 18, and by ground magnetometer 16, fractured well magnetometer 17, offset well magnetometer 18 is respectively by ground magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line 20, fractured well magnetometer and computer data processing center communication line 21, offset well magnetometer is connected with computer data processing center 19 with computer data processing center communication line 22,

Step 2: start computer data processing center 19, measure initial background magnetic field;

Step 3: fracturing unit and fracturing material scene are in place;

Step 5: inject prepad fluid in pit shaft 6, press off stratum at predetermined pressure break position and form hydraulic fracture 7;

Step 6: magnetic support agent and non magnetic proppant are evenly mixed in mixed with proppants device 3, be then uniformly mixed to form mulling liquid with fracturing fluid and inject fractured well 6 pit shafts in fracturing blender truck 4;

Step 9: the strengthening magnetic field and the measured proppant of step 7 that enter crack according to the measured proppant of step 8 enter the background magnetic field before crack, by computer data processing center 19, undertaken obtaining and ground 15, fractured well 6, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well 14 after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show in real time magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters variation in fracturing process;

Step 10: when the magnetic support agent in fractured well 6 pit shafts, non magnetic proppant and of the fracturing fluid even mulling liquid are replaced in hydraulic fracture 13 completely, strengthening magnetic field when measurement proppant all replaces into crack;

Step 11: the background magnetic field when fracturing unit that the strengthening magnetic field while all replacing into crack according to the measured proppant of step 10 and step 4 are measured and fracturing material are in place, by computer data processing center 19, undertaken obtaining and ground 15, fractured well 6, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well 14 after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show that in real time proppant all enters magnetic support agent distribution and the fracture parameters after hydraulic fracture.

Embodiment 2:

The method of work of row's process method of real-time is returned in fracturing, method of work as described in Example 1, and difference is also to need to carry out following steps:

Step 13: the background magnetic field when fracturing unit that the strengthening magnetic field during according to the measured fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) of step 12 and step 4 are measured and fracturing material are in place, by computer data processing center 19, undertaken obtaining and ground 15, fractured well 6, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well 14 after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show in real time magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters variation in fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) process;

Step 15: the background magnetic field when fracturing unit that the strengthening magnetic field while finishing according to the measured fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) of step 14 and step 4 are measured and fracturing material are in place, by computer data processing center 19, undertaken obtaining and ground 15, fractured well 6, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well 14 after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show that fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) finishes rear magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters.

Embodiment 3:

Fractured well is gone into operation and to be carried out the method for work of hydraulic fracture monitoring method of repetition/repeatedly after a period of time, adopts above-mentioned monitoring system, comprises the steps:

Step 1: arrange monitoring field

Fractured well is gone into operation and to be carried out the hydraulic fracture monitoring results of repetition/repeatedly after a period of time, according to actual environment around fractured well 6, centered by fractured well 6, on ground, 15 arrange one group of ground magnetometer 16, near fractured well 6 fractured intervals, arrange one group of fractured well magnetometer 17, in offset well 14, corresponding fractured interval depth is arranged one group of offset well magnetometer 18, and the magnetometer when layout quantity of magnetometer and position and this well carry out Real-Time Monitoring hydraulic fracture in the last fracturing operation process arranges that quantity and position are consistent; And ground magnetometer 16, fractured well magnetometer 17, offset well magnetometer 18 are connected with computer data processing center 19 with computer data processing center communication line 22 with computer data processing center communication line 21, offset well magnetometer with computer data processing center communication line 20, fractured well magnetometer by ground magnetometer respectively;

Step 2: start computer data processing center 19, measure the strengthening magnetic field that fractured well was gone into operation after a period of time;

Step 3: according to the measured fractured well of step 2 strengthening magnetic field after a period of time and this well initial background magnetic field as measured in step 2 in case study on implementation 1 while implementing the last fracturing operation of going into operation, by computer data processing center 19, undertaken obtaining and ground 15, fractured well 6, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well 14 after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally pass through Comprehensive Correlation, magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters after demonstration fractured well operation a period of time.

Embodiment 4:

When fractured well carries out refracturing after operation a period of time, the method for work of hydraulic fracture method of real-time, adopts above-mentioned monitoring system, comprises the steps:

Step 1: monitoring field is arranged

Fractured well carries out refracturing operation at this well after operation a period of time, before fracturing unit and fracturing material enter pressure break scene, according to actual environment around fractured well 6, centered by fractured well 6, on ground, 15 arrange one group of ground magnetometer 16, near fractured well 6 fractured intervals, arrange one group of fractured well magnetometer 17, in offset well 14, corresponding fractured interval depth is arranged one group of offset well magnetometer 18, magnetometer when the layout quantity of magnetometer and position and this well carry out Real-Time Monitoring hydraulic fracture in the last fracturing operation process arranges that quantity and position are consistent, and ground magnetometer 16, fractured well magnetometer 17, offset well magnetometer 18 are connected with computer data processing center 19 with computer data processing center communication line 22 with computer data processing center communication line 21, offset well magnetometer with computer data processing center communication line 20, fractured well magnetometer by ground magnetometer respectively,

Step 2: start computer data processing center 19, measure the initial background magnetic field before refracturing;

Step 3: fracturing unit and fracturing material scene are in place;

Step 9: the strengthening magnetic field and the measured proppant of step 7 that enter crack according to the measured proppant of step 8 enter the background magnetic field before crack, by computer data processing center 19, undertaken obtaining and ground 15, fractured well 6, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well 14 after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show in real time magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters variation in refracturing process;

Step 11: the background magnetic field when fracturing unit that the strengthening magnetic field while all replacing into crack according to the measured proppant of step 10 and step 4 are measured and fracturing material are in place, by computer data processing center 19, undertaken obtaining and ground 15, fractured well 6, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well 14 after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, while showing refracturing in real time, proppant all enters magnetic support agent distribution and the fracture parameters after hydraulic fracture.

Embodiment 5:

The method of work of multistage fracturing hydraulic fracture method of real-time, adopts above-mentioned monitoring system, comprises the steps:

Step 1: arrange monitoring field

Step 3: fracturing unit and fracturing material scene are in place;

Step 5: inject prepad fluid in pit shaft 6, press off stratum at first predetermined pressure break position and form first order hydraulic fracture 7;

Step 9: the strengthening magnetic field and the measured proppant of step 7 that enter first order hydraulic fracture according to the measured proppant of step 8 enter the background magnetic field before first order hydraulic fracture, by computer data processing center 19, undertaken obtaining and ground 15, fractured well 6, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well 14 after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show in real time magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters variation in first order hydraulic fracture fracturing process;

Step 10: when the magnetic support agent in fractured well 6 pit shafts, non magnetic proppant and of the fracturing fluid even mulling liquid are replaced in hydraulic fracture 13 completely, strengthening magnetic field when measurement proppant all replaces into first order hydraulic fracture;

Step 11: the background magnetic field when fracturing unit that the strengthening magnetic field while all replacing into first order hydraulic fracture according to the measured proppant of step 10 and step 4 are measured and fracturing material are in place, by computer data processing center 19, undertaken obtaining and ground 15, fractured well 6, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well 14 after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show that in real time proppant all enters magnetic support agent distribution and the fracture parameters after first order hydraulic fracture;

Step 16: the strengthening magnetic field and the measured proppant of step 14 that enter second level hydraulic fracture according to the measured proppant of step 15 enter the background magnetic field before the hydraulic fracture of the second level, by computer data processing center 19, undertaken obtaining and ground 15, fractured well 6, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well 14 after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show in real time magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters variation in the hydraulic fracture fracturing process of the second level;

Step 17: when the magnetic support agent in fractured well 6 pit shafts, non magnetic proppant and of the fracturing fluid even mulling liquid are replaced in hydraulic fracture 13 completely, strengthening magnetic field when measurement proppant all replaces into second level hydraulic fracture;

Step 18: strengthening magnetic field when the measured first order hydraulic fracture pressure break fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) of the strengthening magnetic field while all replacing into second level hydraulic fracture according to the measured proppant of step 17 and step 12 finishes, by computer data processing center 19, undertaken obtaining and ground 15, fractured well 6, the corresponding three groups of magnetic anomaly data of offset well 14 after data pretreatment, then be finally inversed by respectively magnetic support agent distribution and fracture parameters, finally, by Comprehensive Correlation, show that in real time proppant all enters magnetic support agent distribution and the fracture parameters after the hydraulic fracture of the second level;

Claims

1. the hydraulic fracture monitoring system based on magnetic support agent, comprising: magnetic support agent container, non magnetic sand bin, mixed with proppants container, fracturing blender truck, high-pressure pump group, fracturing fluid container, magnetic support agent feed-line, non magnetic proppant transport pipeline, mixing proppant transport pipeline, fracturing fluid feed-line, the first mulling liquid feed-line, computer data processing center, high-pressure pump group, the second mulling liquid feed-line; It is characterized in that: in magnetic support agent container, store magnetic support agent, in non magnetic sand bin, store non magnetic proppant; Described magnetic support agent container by magnetic support agent feed-line be connected with mixed with proppants container, non magnetic sand bin is connected with mixed with proppants container by non magnetic proppant transport pipeline; Magnetic support agent, non magnetic proppant enter and in mixed with proppants container, are uniformly mixed to form mixing proppant in predetermined ratio; Described mixed with proppants container is connected with fracturing blender truck by mixing proppant transport pipeline, and fracturing fluid container is connected with fracturing blender truck by fracturing fluid feed-line; Through mixed with proppants container, carry out even mixed mixing proppant and enter fracturing blender truck by mixing proppant transport pipeline; In fracturing fluid container, store fracturing fluid, fracturing fluid enters fracturing blender truck by fracturing fluid feed-line; Proppant and fracturing fluid mix and form mulling liquid in fracturing blender truck; Fracturing blender truck is connected with high-pressure pump group by the first mulling liquid feed-line, and high-pressure pump group is connected with the pit shaft of fractured well by the second mulling liquid feed-line; Described enters the supercharging of high-pressure pump group through the even mixed mulling liquid of fracturing blender truck by the first mulling liquid feed-line, high pressure mulling liquid after supercharging enters in the pit shaft of fractured well through the second mulling liquid feed-line, and the passage that then enters crack through mulling liquid enters in hydraulic fracture; Magnetometer is connected with computer data processing center by communication line, and proppant distribution and hydraulic fracture parameter are calculated, shown to the metrical information that computer data processing center gathers, preserves also.

2. the hydraulic fracture monitoring system based on magnetic support agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: magnetometer comprises ground magnetometer, fractured well magnetometer and/or offset well magnetometer; Ground magnetometer is connected with computer data processing center with computer data processing center communication line by ground magnetometer, fractured well magnetometer is connected with computer data processing center with computer data processing center communication line by fractured well magnetometer, and offset well magnetometer is connected with computer data processing center with computer data processing center communication line by offset well magnetometer.

3. the hydraulic fracture monitoring system based on magnetic support agent according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described magnetic support agent accounts for the volume ratio of mixing proppant between 10% to 100%; Magnetic support agent container is with magnetic shielding device.

4. the hydraulic fracture monitoring system based on magnetic support agent according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described ground magnetometer, fractured well magnetometer, offset well magnetic force are counted superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID); Ground magnetometer is positioned on the ground centered by fractured well, by a plurality of magnetometers, forms a magnetometer group, from ground monitoring magnetic parameter, changes; Fractured well magnetometer is arranged in the fractured interval vicinity of fractured well pit shaft, by a plurality of magnetometers, forms a magnetometer group, from this well of fractured well monitoring magnetic parameter, changes; Offset well magnetometer is arranged in the depth that offset well is corresponding with the fractured well fractured interval degree of depth, by a plurality of magnetometers, forms a magnetometer group, monitors magnetic parameter and change from offset well.

5. the hydraulic fracture monitoring method based on magnetic support agent, adopts the described monitoring system of one of claim 1-4, adopts Real-Time Monitoring mode, starts the monitoring of pressure break overall process after arranging the monitoring field of fractured well, and concrete steps are as follows:

Step 1: arrange monitoring field

Step 3: fracturing unit and fracturing material scene are in place;

Step 6: magnetic support agent and non magnetic proppant are evenly mixed in mixed with proppants container, be then uniformly mixed to form mulling liquid with fracturing fluid and inject fractured well pit shaft in fracturing blender truck;

6. a method of work for row's process method of real-time is returned in fracturing, comprises the hydraulic fracture monitoring method based on magnetic support agent claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, also needs to carry out following steps:

7. fractured well is gone into operation and to be carried out the method for work for hydraulic fracture monitoring method of repetition/repeatedly after a period of time, adopts the described monitoring system of one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

Step 1: arrange monitoring field

8. a method of work for hydraulic fracture method of real-time when fractured well carries out refracturing after operation a period of time, adopts the described monitoring system of one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

Step 1: monitoring field is arranged

Step 3: fracturing unit and fracturing material scene are in place;

9. a method of work for multistage fracturing hydraulic fracture method of real-time, adopts the described monitoring system of one of claim 1-4, comprises the steps:

Step 1: arrange monitoring field

Step 3: fracturing unit and fracturing material scene are in place;

Step 20: repeat above-mentioned steps 13～step 19, carry out the monitoring of next stage hydraulic fracture.