CN103231277A - Mechanical sensing and controlling system of computerized numerical control (CNC) lathe for accelerating thread cutting circular machining - Google Patents
Mechanical sensing and controlling system of computerized numerical control (CNC) lathe for accelerating thread cutting circular machining Download PDFInfo
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- CN103231277A CN103231277A CN2013101334077A CN201310133407A CN103231277A CN 103231277 A CN103231277 A CN 103231277A CN 2013101334077 A CN2013101334077 A CN 2013101334077A CN 201310133407 A CN201310133407 A CN 201310133407A CN 103231277 A CN103231277 A CN 103231277A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mechanical sensing and controlling system of a computerized numerical control (CNC) lathe for accelerating thread cutting circular machining. A cutter position sensing apparatus is used for dynamically capturing actual machine cutter positions when a user performs thread cutting circular machining and comprises a photoelectric signal position converter, a single-section actual position storage unit, a fast moving single-section surplus distance measuring unit and a sensor synchronous signal sending unit. A CNC lathe mechanism control device is used for controlling the operation of machine cutters and detecting synchronous signals sent by the control device itself or an external cutter position sensing apparatus during thread cutting circular machining to produce a synchronous fast locating effect and comprises a fast moving single-section end and synchronous target position informing unit, an accelerating and deceleration characteristic and servo lag estimation unit, a control synchronous signal sending unit, a synchronous signal receiving unit, an interpolation arithmetic unit and a motor drive unit. By means of the mechanical sensing and controlling system, a process of circulation of thread cutting at fast locating moving is accelerated effectively, and the whole machining efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of CNC lathe machinery sensing and control system of accelerating the screw chasing cyclic process.
Background technology
Because lathe is mostly in order to simple, the symmetrical workpiece of machining shape, so program is mostly for manually being written as the master.Yet, convenient for the manual compiling program code, therefore develop the instruction of many processing usefulness, to simplify the complexity of manual compiling, lower the incidence of misprogrammed simultaneously.Wherein again with workpiece such as turning screws, employed thread turning recursion instruction is one of instruction of the most normal use.Generally speaking, because the consideration of cutter life and all factors of crudy, thread cutting all needs thread turning circulation repeatedly, according to the specified feeding depth of each turning circulation, progressively deepens the turning degree of depth, can make designed thread workpiece by car.As shown in Figure 1, its detailed movement decomposition that circulates of thread turning once:
Action one: before circulation, earlier cutter is positioned to 1A point (starting point) fast;
Action two: the fast moving cutter drops to specifies turning degree of depth 1B point, so that the contact bar prepares to carry out the action of thread cutting;
Action three: utilize the coupling of main shaft clamping bar rotation and linear axes Z axle feed rate, with cutter by the turning of 1B point to the 1C point, so that turning goes out the spiral lines that a circle encloses on bar;
Action four: withdrawing distance and withdrawing angle according to specified, cutter is pulled away from surface of the work fast, return the starting point height up to cutter, be cutter is returned the 1E point by 1C point warp to 1D point;
Action five: cutter returns 1A point (starting point) preparation turning do action next time by the 1E point fast.
The lathe overwhelming majority has the characteristic of mass-produced demand and rapid processing, therefore at the integration of electromechanics part and the adjustment of machined parameters, just becomes knowledge very important in the industry.Yet factors such as board mechanism characteristics, principal axis motor rotation speed restriction, tool category, processing bar, all will influence the machined parameters setting value, usually must rely on machined into person's on-the-spot practical experience, to shorten whole process time, obtain good working (machining) efficiency by suitable adjustment.And previous described screw chasing do action, its whole process time is by the car tooth time and positioning time, two parts were formed fast.The time of car tooth section, mainly by the speed of mainshaft and tooth apart from determine, but because the setting of tooth distance will determine the workpiece external form that institute's car is made, therefore all be to add express tooth speed by the raising speed of mainshaft.In addition, fast the time of location also with board moving conditions such as each speed that axially can bear, acceleration, acceleration relevant.Therefore all be board mechanism and the parameter adjustment via repeatedly, to obtain acceptable crudy and working (machining) efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists, a kind of CNC lathe machinery sensing and control system of accelerating the screw chasing cyclic process is provided.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Accelerate CNC lathe machinery sensing and the control system of screw chasing cyclic process, characteristics are: comprise a tool position sensing apparatus and a CNC lathe mechanism controls device at least, described tool position sensing apparatus comprises a photoelectricity signal position converter, a single-unit physical location storage element, a snap-action single-unit Distance Remaining measuring unit and a sensor with moving signal transmitting element; Described CNC lathe mechanism controls device comprise a snap-action single-unit terminal point with moving-target position informing unit, an acceleration and deceleration characteristic and servo estimation unit, the controller of falling behind with moving signal transmitting element, together move signal receiving element, an interpolation operation device and a motor drive unit;
The tool position sensing apparatus is set up on the CNC lathe bench, accept the axial pulse simulation signal of outside board entity, input to photoelectricity signal position converter and be converted into positional information, dynamically to grasp actual tool position in real time and current tool position is embedded in single-unit physical location storage element, simultaneously actual displacement is transferred to snap-action single-unit Distance Remaining measuring unit; On the other hand, CNC lathe mechanism controls device, then by snap-action single-unit terminal point and with moving-target position informing unit, target moving distance with the present fast moving single-unit that on board, moves, synchronous transfer is to snap-action single-unit Distance Remaining measuring unit, then, snap-action single-unit Distance Remaining measuring unit then receives by single-unit physical location storage element and snap-action single-unit terminal point and actual displacement and target moving distance with moving-target position informing unit, up to detect the safe altitude that reaches the disengaging workpiece really when the cutter on the board after, notify sensor with moving signal transmitting element immediately, transmit the together extremely together moving signal receiving element of moving signal, the interpolation operation device is planned the same emotionally shape that each is axial, drives the axial movement of board entity by motor drive unit at last.
Substantive distinguishing features and obvious improvement that technical solution of the present invention is outstanding are mainly reflected in:
With the motion principle of moving location, utilization with location path optimization, reduces positioning time axially fast with moving mode by axially, can improve the working (machining) efficiency of whole screw chasing circulation significantly under the situation that does not lower positioning accuracy.Be widely used on the CNC lathe, can effectively accelerate the screw chasing circulation and carry out the mobile process in location fast, and then reach the purpose of improving whole processing usefulness, save unnecessary energy resource consumption, save process time, reduce production costs.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical solution of the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1: the screw chasing do action schematic diagram of background technology;
Fig. 2: screw chasing do action schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3: the organigram of CNC lathe machinery sensing of the present invention and control system.
The specific embodiment
Owing in the circulation of car tooth, the demand of location is fast arranged repeatedly.And general quick setting movement, owing to must switch the cause of orientation often, in the corner joining place phenomenon of must slowing down.And in the screw chasing cyclic process, because there are many quick location action, cause too much acceleration and deceleration frequently, it is low to cause processing usefulness.The present invention passes through axially the motion principle of moving location together, reduces positioning time, can improve the working (machining) efficiency of whole screw chasing circulation significantly under the situation that does not lower positioning accuracy.
As shown in Figure 3, accelerate CNC lathe machinery sensing and the control system of screw chasing cyclic process, at least comprise a tool position sensing apparatus 31 and a CNC lathe mechanism controls device 32, described tool position sensing apparatus 31 comprises a photoelectricity signal position converter 311, a single-unit physical location storage element 312, a snap-action single-unit Distance Remaining measuring unit 313 and a sensor with moving signal transmitting element 314; Described CNC lathe mechanism controls device 32 comprise a snap-action single-unit terminal point with moving-target position informing unit 321, an acceleration and deceleration characteristic and servo estimation unit 322, the controller of falling behind with moving signal transmitting element 323, together move signal receiving element 324, an interpolation operation device 325 and a motor drive unit 326;
Tool position sensing apparatus 31 mainly act as dynamic acquisition user when the screw chasing cyclic process, actual board tool position, its photoelectricity signal position converter 311 in order to accept the axial analog signals such as pulse of outside board entity, is converted into positional information; Single-unit physical location storage element 312 is put down in writing current tool position; Snap-action single-unit Distance Remaining measuring unit 313 sends opportunity in order to determine sensor with moving signal; Sensor sends the same moving signal of sensor side to together moving signal receiving element 324 with moving signal transmitting element 314.
CNC lathe mechanism controls device 32 mainly act as the operation of control board cutter, and when the screw chasing cyclic process, if detecting control device itself or external cutter position sensing apparatus sends with moving signal, can produce with the moving effect of location fast, its snap-action single-unit terminal point with moving-target position informing unit 321, the axial target shift position of the fast moving single-unit that notice sensor and controller itself is current; One acceleration and deceleration characteristic and the servo estimation unit 322 that falls behind will calculate each axial servo trail of fast moving motion, and order planning causes the phenomenon that collides to avoid directly; Controller is with moving signal transmitting element 323, and the same moving signal of transmit control device end is to together moving signal receiving element 324; With moving signal receiving element 324, in order to receive the same moving signal that transmits from sensor side or controller end; Interpolation operation device 325 is planned the same emotionally shape that each is axial; Motor drive unit 326 is to drive the axial movement of board entity.
Tool position sensing apparatus 31 is set up on the CNC lathe bench, accept the axial pulse simulation signal of outside board entity, input to photoelectricity signal position converter 311 and be converted into positional information, dynamically to grasp actual tool position in real time and current tool position is embedded in single-unit physical location storage element 312, simultaneously actual displacement is transferred to snap-action single-unit Distance Remaining measuring unit 313; On the other hand, CNC lathe mechanism controls device 32, then by snap-action single-unit terminal point and with moving-target position informing unit 321, target moving distance with the present fast moving single-unit that on board, moves, synchronous transfer is to snap-action single-unit Distance Remaining measuring unit 313, then, 313 receptions of snap-action single-unit Distance Remaining measuring unit are by single-unit physical location storage element 312 and snap-action single-unit terminal point and actual displacement and target moving distance with moving-target position informing unit 321, up to detect the safe altitude that reaches the disengaging workpiece really when the cutter on the board after, notify sensor with moving signal transmitting element 314 immediately, transmit the together extremely together moving signal receiving element 324 of moving signal, interpolation operation device 325 each axial same emotionally shape of planning drive the axial movement of board entity by motor drive unit 326 at last.
Utilize axially fast with moving mode, with location path optimization, to shorten process time.It is realized by above-mentioned CNC lathe machinery sensing and control system axially fast with moving process.As shown in Figure 2, screw chasing do action process is as follows:
Action one: before circulation, earlier cutter is positioned to 2A point (starting point) fast;
Action two: the fast moving cutter drops to specifies turning degree of depth 2B point, so that the contact bar prepares to carry out the action of thread cutting;
Action three: utilize the coupling of main shaft clamping bar rotation and linear axes Z axle feed rate, with cutter by the turning of 2B point to the 2C point, so that turning goes out the spiral lines that a circle encloses on bar;
Action four: according to user specified withdrawing distance and withdrawing angle, cutter is pulled away from surface of the work to the 2D point fast by the 2C point, this moment, just generation was returned starting point height 2E point axially with moving instruction up to cutter;
Action five: the cutter fast moving to the 2F point, just produces axially moving instruction together by the 2E point this moment, cutter is returned 2G point (new starting point) by the 2F point fast prepare turning do action next time.
Fig. 2 has illustrated the operation principles of being ordered to 2E through the 2D point by the 2C point.In addition,, return 2G point (new starting point) and also follow similar operating principle through the 2F point by the 2E point.Difference is that sending together moving signal by the sensor in the tool position sensing apparatus 31 with moving signal transmitting element 314 sends with moving signal with moving signal transmitting element 323 with the controller in the CNC lathe mechanism controls device 32.Its reason comes from the dynamic characteristic of board, makes the phenomenon that must have servo backwardness between axial input command and the output response.For overcoming this problem, formerly the position fixing process of being ordered to 2E through the 2D point by the 2C point is the mode with the actual shift position of tool position sensing apparatus 31 acquisitions, prevents from making with moving of the mode of ordering planning, causes the situation that moves and then collide ahead of time.Yet must be according to new initial point position 2G, the therefore direct identical operation principles to be ordered to 2E through the 2D point by the 2C point.Therefore its implementation must cooperate acceleration and deceleration characteristic and the servo estimation unit 322 that falls behind in the CNC lathe mechanism controls device 32, and will calculate each axial servo trail of fast moving motion to estimate the position that 2F is ordered.When where just being positioned to fast, namely should produce together moving signal with moving signal transmitting element 323 by controller, deliver to interpolation operation device 325 each axial same emotionally shape of planning, drive the axial movement of board entities with motor drive unit 326 more at last.
In sum, apparatus of the present invention are widely used on the CNC lathe, can effectively accelerate the screw chasing circulation and carry out the mobile process in location fast, and then reach the purpose of improving whole processing usefulness, save unnecessary energy resource consumption.
It is emphasized that: above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment does.
Claims (1)
1. accelerate CNC lathe machinery sensing and the control system of screw chasing cyclic process, it is characterized in that: comprise a tool position sensing apparatus (31) and a CNC lathe mechanism controls device (32) at least, described tool position sensing apparatus (31) comprises a photoelectricity signal position converter (311), a single-unit physical location storage element (312), a snap-action single-unit Distance Remaining measuring unit (313) and a sensor with moving signal transmitting element (314); Described CNC lathe mechanism controls device (32) comprise a snap-action single-unit terminal point with moving-target position informing unit (321), an acceleration and deceleration characteristic and servo estimation unit (322), the controller of falling behind with moving signal transmitting element (323), together move signal receiving element (324), an interpolation operation device (325) and a motor drive unit (326);
Tool position sensing apparatus (31) is set up on the CNC lathe bench, accept the axial pulse simulation signal of outside board entity, input to photoelectricity signal position converter (311) and be converted into positional information, dynamically to grasp actual tool position in real time and current tool position is embedded in single-unit physical location storage element (312), simultaneously actual displacement is transferred to snap-action single-unit Distance Remaining measuring unit (313); On the other hand, CNC lathe mechanism controls device (32), then by snap-action single-unit terminal point and with moving-target position informing unit (321), target moving distance with the present fast moving single-unit that on board, moves, synchronous transfer is to snap-action single-unit Distance Remaining measuring unit (313), then, snap-action single-unit Distance Remaining measuring unit (313) then receives by single-unit physical location storage element (312) and snap-action single-unit terminal point and actual displacement and target moving distance with moving-target position informing unit (321), up to detect the safe altitude that reaches the disengaging workpiece really when the cutter on the board after, notify sensor with moving signal transmitting element (314) immediately, transmit the together extremely together moving signal receiving element (324) of moving signal, interpolation operation device (325) is planned the same emotionally shape that each is axial, drives the axial movement of board entity by motor drive unit 326 at last.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN103792880A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-05-14 | 苏州新代数控设备有限公司 | Numerical control system and method for improving thread turning speed and machining precision |
| CN109894902A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-18 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Confirm the method and power tool system of tool position |
| CN109960221A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-07-02 | 发那科株式会社 | Numerical control device |
| CN111857040A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-30 | 清华大学 | Main shaft following synchronous control method for improving thread turning precision |
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| US20020003416A1 (en) * | 1998-12-24 | 2002-01-10 | Masakazu Sagasaki | Numerical control apparatus |
| CN1741873A (en) * | 2003-02-06 | 2006-03-01 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Threading control method and controller |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103792880A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-05-14 | 苏州新代数控设备有限公司 | Numerical control system and method for improving thread turning speed and machining precision |
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| CN109894902A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-18 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Confirm the method and power tool system of tool position |
| CN109960221A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-07-02 | 发那科株式会社 | Numerical control device |
| CN109960221B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2021-07-16 | 发那科株式会社 | Numerical controller |
| CN111857040A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-30 | 清华大学 | Main shaft following synchronous control method for improving thread turning precision |
| CN111857040B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2021-10-08 | 清华大学 | Main shaft following synchronous control method for improving thread turning precision |
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Address after: 215000 Chunhui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: New Generation Science and Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. Address before: 215021 Xinsu Industrial Park, No. 5 Xinghan Street, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: Suzhou Xindai Numerical Control Equipment Co., Ltd. |
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