CN103230951A - Hot extrusion forming method of light alloy horn-shaped pipe fitting - Google Patents
Hot extrusion forming method of light alloy horn-shaped pipe fitting Download PDFInfo
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- CN103230951A CN103230951A CN2013101665686A CN201310166568A CN103230951A CN 103230951 A CN103230951 A CN 103230951A CN 2013101665686 A CN2013101665686 A CN 2013101665686A CN 201310166568 A CN201310166568 A CN 201310166568A CN 103230951 A CN103230951 A CN 103230951A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hot extrusion forming method of a light alloy horn-shaped pipe fitting. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, cutting a bar stock by using a saw machine to prepare a blank, while ensuring that cutting end faces are flat and smooth; step 2, putting the blank into a low temperature furnace for heating; step 3, upsetting forming the blank; step 4, putting the upsetting formed blank into the low temperature furnace again for heating; step 5, putting the heated blank into a light alloy horn-shaped pipe fitting hot extrusion forming die for hot extrusion direct forming; and step 6, cutting off a top end connecting skin at a small end of the horn pipe extrusion piece, and processing the inner and outer surfaces to reach a product drawing size. By adopting the hot extrusion forming method, not only can the manufacturing cycle of the light alloy horn-shaped pipe fitting be shortened, and the production efficiency is increased, but also importantly, the utilization rate of raw materials is substantially increased, and the labor intensity and the labor cost of the production process are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material Plastic Forming manufacture field, particularly the tubaeform pipe fitting thermal extrusion moulding method of a kind of light-alloy.
Background technology
At present, the manufacturing process based on the tubaeform pipe fitting of light-alloy mainly is machining.The key step of machining: heat treatment bar → blanking → face work → centering → turning → car endoporus → cut-out chuck.Owing to adopt the machine adding method fully, the manufacturing cycle is long, production efficiency is lower, utilization rate of raw materials is low (5%), cost is higher, the lower and inhomogeneous shortcoming of performance product.Along with expanding economy, from saving the angle of the energy, reduction material consumption and protection environment, adopting new production technology to substitute traditional mechanical processing technique is a kind of urgent market demand, also extends to the manufacturing of the tubaeform pipe fitting of other metal material simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the deficiency at the prior art existence, the tubaeform pipe fitting thermal extrusion moulding method of a kind of light-alloy is proposed, this method can not only shorten the tubaeform pipe fitting manufacturing cycle of light-alloy, improve production efficiency, key is to have increased substantially raw-material utilization rate, has reduced labour intensity and the cost of labor of production process.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the present invention solves the technical scheme that technological problems adopts and comprises following step:
The first step: adopt sawing machine cutting bar to prepare blank, guarantee that the cutting end face is smooth;
Second step: will put into the heating of blank low temperature oven,
The 3rd step: upsetting formation;
The 4th step: the blank secondary of upsetting formation is put into low temperature oven heat,
The 5th step: put into the hot-pressed mould hot extrusion of the tubaeform pipe fitting of light-alloy direct forming after the heating;
The 6th step: the top gross weight of oviduct extrusion small end is removed in cutting, and the processing surfaces externally and internally reaches the product drawing size.
In described second step, low temperature oven is incubated 50mins, the jumping-up of again blank being come out of the stove after being heated to warm 450 ℃.
In described the 5th step, hot-pressed temperature is chosen as 460 ℃, and the temperature of light-alloy the is tubaeform hot-pressed mould of pipe fitting is 220 ℃-240 ℃, and extruding force is 2400KN, and extrusion speed is 12mm/s.
Described the 5th step is refined as, utilize bolt, pressing plate is fixed on hot-pressed mould on the forcing press, with the mold heated stove with about hot-pressed mould and die preheating to 220 ℃, spray the foundation stone China ink lubricant that oils at die and convex mould surface, with the stripper turn-off, clamp rotates back to stripper directly over die after blank is put into die 3, and forcing press is descending, the hot extrude punch, die is to blank, load, its forward flow is shaped, and after shaping was finished, press ram drove the hot extrude punch, backhaul, stripper gets off extrusion from hot extrude punch strip, stay in the die, with the stripper turn-off, by push rod extrusion is ejected.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. the tubaeform pipe fitting of existing light-alloy generally adopts the method manufacturing of punching stretch at present, the whole compressive strength of product structure is lower, adopting this case hot extrusion forming process to make the tubaeform pipe fitting whole compressive strength of light-alloy doubles, relatively production efficiency is the same for both technologies, cost is the same, all has advantage more energy-conservation than mechanical processing technique, material-saving.
2. adopt this case hot extrusion forming process to make the tubaeform pipe fitting of light-alloy beyond example still at home.This technology advanced person, abbreviation belong to originality and pilot study.Achievement in research also can be widely used in the batch manufacturing of the tubaeform pipe fitting product of ferrous metal.
3. realized the hot-pressed of light alloy material oviduct, formulated perfect extrusion forming process rules, for the batch manufacturing of the tubaeform pipe fitting of light-alloy provide one rationally, the method for economical and efficient.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is process chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the heading die schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is jumping-up blank schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the hot-extrusion mold installation diagram;
Fig. 5 is the closed stripper schematic diagram of hot-extrusion mold;
Fig. 6 is the open type stripper schematic diagram of hot-extrusion mold;
Fig. 7 is that hot-extrusion mold is put in part, the pickup process rotation flitch turn-off schematic diagram of starting discharging;
Fig. 8 rotates back to the closed schematic diagram of discharging in the hot-extrusion mold extrusion process.
The 1-cope match-plate pattern; 2-guide pin bushing pressing plate; The 3-guide pin bushing; The 4-upper padding plate; The 5-upper mounted plate; 6-hot extrude punch; The 9-guide pillar; 11-open type stripper; 12-stroke limit cover; The 13-die; The 14-circle stress; The 15-push rod; The 16-lower carrier plate; 17-guide pillar pressing plate; The 18-through hole; The 19-lower bolster; The 20-screw; The 21-bearing pin; The 22-screw; The 23-bolt; The 24-spring; The closed stripper of 25-; Die cavity opening 131; Circular current mouthful 251; Axis hole 252; Breach 253;
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example.
Operation principle of the present invention: according to the circular shaft symmetrical structure characteristics of the tubaeform pipe fitting of light-alloy, make the extrusion figure of the tubaeform pipe fitting of light-alloy that is suitable for hot extrusion forming process, provide each passage blank drawing and jumping-up, hot-pressed die structure dwg.
Referring to shown in Figure 4, the hot-pressed mould of the tubaeform pipe fitting of a kind of light-alloy mainly comprises cope match-plate pattern 1, hot extrude punch 6, guide pin bushing 3, guide pillar 9, stripper, spring 24, stroke limit cover 12, die 13, circle stress 14, push rod 15, lower bolster 19; Described hot extrude punch 6 earlier by upper mounted plate 5 fixedly on the upper padding plate 4, upper padding plate 4 again screw 22 be fixed on the cope match-plate pattern, guide pin bushing 3 also is fixed on earlier on the guide pin bushing pressing plate 2, is fixed on the next door that is positioned at hot extrude punch 6 on the cope match-plate pattern by screw again; Die 13 places and is fixed on jointly in the circle stress 14 on the lower carrier plate 16, and lower carrier plate 16 is fixed on the lower bolster 19 again, and at the through hole 18 that lower carrier plate 16, lower bolster 19 are provided with, through hole 18 connects with the die cavity bottom of die 13, and push rod 15 is movably placed in the through hole 18; The lower end of described guide pillar 9 is equipped with stroke limit cover 12, and the lower end of guide pillar 9 is fixed on the lower bolster 19 by guide pillar pressing plate 17 with stroke limit cover 12, guide pillar 9 be fixed on cope match-plate pattern on the position of 1 guide pin bushing 3 corresponding.
Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, stripper comprises closed stripper 25 and open type stripper 11; The middle part of described closed stripper 25 is provided with the current mouth 251 of closed circle that hot extrude punch 6 passes, the bore that described closed circle is current mouthful 251 is less than the bore of the upper cavity opening 131 of die 13, current mouthful 251 both sides of closed circle at stripper 25 are respectively equipped with an axis hole 252, one breach 253, one bolt 23 passes the axis hole 252 of closed stripper 25, closed stripper 25 activities are fixed on circle stress 14 tops, the upper cavity opening 131 of current mouthful 251 of described closed circle and die 13 is over against answering, it is corresponding with the breach 253 of closed stripper 25 that one bearing pin 21 also is fixed on circle stress 14 tops, closed stripper 25 serves as that axle comes back rotation with bolt 23, make breach 253 snap in bearing pin 21 or withdraw from bearing pin 21, described spring 24 be nested with respectively bolt 23 and bearing pin 21 be positioned at closed stripper 25 below.
Referring to Fig. 4, shown in Figure 6, the middle part of described open type stripper 11 is provided with half arc opening 111 (namely current mouthful) that hot extrude punch 6 passes, the bore of described half arc opening 111 is less than the bore of the upper cavity opening 131 of die 13, half arc opening, 111 both sides at open type stripper 11 are respectively equipped with an axis hole 112, one breach 113, one bolt 23 passes the axis hole 112 of open type stripper 11,11 activities of open type stripper are fixed on circle stress 14 tops, the upper cavity opening 131 of described half arc opening 111 and die 13 is over against answering, it is corresponding with the breach 113 of open type stripper 11 that one bearing pin 21 also is fixed on circle stress 14 tops, open type stripper 11 serves as that axle comes back rotation with bolt 23, make breach 113 snap in bearing pin 21 or withdraw from bearing pin 21, described spring 24 be nested with respectively bolt 23 and bearing pin 21 be positioned at open type stripper 11 below.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, the thermal extrusion moulding method of the tubaeform pipe fitting of light-alloy of the present invention comprises:
The first step: sawing, adopt common sawing machine, sawing accuracy guarantee ± 1, sawing end face quality is not done requirement, and for improving the stability that extrusion is shaped, the wall thickness that reduces extrusion is poor, selects for use the major diameter bar to do blank 10;
Second step: blank 10 is put into the low temperature oven heating, with the stove heating, after warm 450 ℃, be incubated 50mins, the jumping-up of coming out of the stove; Adopt 30-50kw low-temperature resistance stove, for guarantee every stove heating member from first to last part in process of production the time interval the shortest, avoid crystal grain to grow up because heat time heating time is long, the low-temperature resistance stove that adopts many drawer types to heat respectively, each drawer is placed 20 of blanks, every stove is settled 4 drawers, and 80 in every stove satisfies class's output and gets final product; All the other heat radiations and the operator baking of being heated is improved working conditions when avoiding pickup;
The 3rd step: jumping-up, crystal grain thinning, improve not parallel, the coarse defective of sawing end face, regulate flow forming fast, the slow state of lower end flow forming in upper end when being shaped eventually, heading die is seen Fig. 2, the jumping-up blank is seen Fig. 3, the quality of blank 10 preparations not only can influence the forming quality of extrusion, also can influence the service life of hot-pressed mould, and the jumping-up operation can guarantee that blank end face quality reaches the extruding requirement;
The 4th step: the low temperature oven post bake, last passage jumping-up blank 10 is put into low-frequency furnace be heated to 460 ℃, insulation 50mins;
The 5th step: hot-pressed, utilize bolt, pressing plate that hot-pressed mould is fixed on the forcing press, with the mold heated stove with about hot-pressed mould and die preheating to 220 ℃, spray the foundation stone China ink lubricant that oils at die 13 and punch 6 surfaces, with stripper 11 turn-ofves (shown in Figure 7), breach 253 (113) withdraws from the blocking of bearing pin 21, after clamp is put into die 13 to blank 10, rotate back to stripper 11 (shown in Figure 8) directly over die 13, breach 253 (113) snaps in bearing pin 21; Forcing press is descending, hot extrude punch 6,13 pairs of blanks of die 10 load, its forward flow is shaped, and after shaping was finished, press ram drove 6 backhauls of hot extrude punch, stripper gets off extrusion 101 from hot extrude punch 6 strips, stay in the die 13, with the stripper turn-off, by push rod 15 extrusion 101 is ejected, in extrusion process, the temperature of the temperature of blank, extruding force, extrusion speed and hot-pressed mould is very big to the influence of extrusion molding quality.The temperature of blank 10 is too high, and blank is organized overheated, extruding rear surface crackle; Temperature is low excessively, and the resistance of deformation of blank increases, and the load of forcing press, the wearing and tearing of mould strengthen.The Comprehensive Experiment result considers that the extrusion molding blank temperature of the tubaeform pipe fitting of light-alloy is chosen as 460 ℃.The temperature of hot-pressed mould is consistent with the temperature of blank in theory, but because this hot-pressed Mould design is to utilize guide pillar 9, guide pin bushing 3 to carry out the location of cope match-plate pattern 1, lower bolster 19, therefore hot-pressed mold temperature can not be too high, and temperature is 220 ℃.Forcing press is chosen 500 tons of common universal hydraulic machines, and extruding force is chosen as 2700KN, and extrusion speed is chosen as 10mm/s.
The invention provides the method for the tubaeform pipe fitting extrusion molding of light-alloy, this method can not only shorten the tubaeform pipe fitting manufacturing cycle of light-alloy, improve production efficiency, key is to have increased substantially raw-material utilization rate (25%), labour intensity and the cost of labor of production process have been reduced, according to 50,000 calculating of annual production, Spring Festival holidays material saving is taken 2,000,000 yuan; Project team has carried out sampling Detection to the oviduct of manufacturing experimently out, and testing result shows that product design size wall thickness difference is less than 0.3, and hardness, mechanical performance all meet Design Requirement Drawing, and test of flaw detection is not found crackle, fold defect; The process of producing product distortion is even, and the fiber uniformity is good, has improved the performance (improving 10%) of product greatly.
Claims (4)
1. tubaeform pipe fitting thermal extrusion moulding method of light-alloy is characterized in that:
The first step: adopt sawing machine cutting bar to prepare blank, guarantee that the cutting end face is smooth;
Second step: will put into the heating of blank low temperature oven;
The 3rd step: upsetting formation;
The 4th step: the blank secondary of upsetting formation is put into low temperature oven heat;
The 5th step: put into the hot-pressed mould hot extrusion of the tubaeform pipe fitting of light-alloy direct forming after the heating;
The 6th step: the top gross weight of oviduct extrusion small end is removed in cutting, and the processing surfaces externally and internally reaches the product drawing size.
2. the tubaeform pipe fitting thermal extrusion moulding method of a kind of light-alloy as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the described second step low temperature oven is incubated 50mins, the jumping-up of again blank being come out of the stove after being heated to 450 ℃ of temperature.
3. the tubaeform pipe fitting thermal extrusion moulding method of a kind of light-alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hot-pressed temperature of the 5th step is chosen as 460 ℃, the temperature of light-alloy the is tubaeform hot-pressed mould of pipe fitting is 220 ℃-240 ℃, extruding force is 2400KN, and extrusion speed is 12mm/s.
4. the tubaeform pipe fitting thermal extrusion moulding method of a kind of light-alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the 5th step is refined as utilizes bolt, pressing plate is fixed on hot-pressed mould on the forcing press, with the mold heated stove with about hot-pressed mould and die preheating to 220 ℃, spray the foundation stone China ink lubricant that oils at die and convex mould surface, with the stripper turn-off, after clamp is put into die 3 to blank, rotate back to stripper directly over die, forcing press is descending, the hot extrude punch, die is to blank, load, its forward flow is shaped, and after shaping was finished, press ram drove the hot extrude punch, backhaul, stripper gets off extrusion from hot extrude punch strip, stay in the die, with the stripper turn-off, by push rod extrusion is ejected.
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| CN2013101665686A CN103230951A (en) | 2013-04-22 | 2013-04-22 | Hot extrusion forming method of light alloy horn-shaped pipe fitting |
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| CN2013101665686A CN103230951A (en) | 2013-04-22 | 2013-04-22 | Hot extrusion forming method of light alloy horn-shaped pipe fitting |
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| CN104361962A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-18 | 林州市星河煤机有限公司 | Method for machining hot-extrusion steel caps of insulators of cantilevers of electrified railways |
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| CN105057377B (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2017-02-01 | 宁波大学 | Fixed-axis planar spiral bar end hot-forming mechanism |
| CN113070399A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-06 | 中北大学 | A terrace die reposition of redundant personnel discharge apparatus that is used for Gleeble-3500 testing machine extrusion to press |
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Application publication date: 20130807 |