CN103228031A - Low power consumption wireless data acquisition device - Google Patents

Low power consumption wireless data acquisition device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103228031A
CN103228031A CN2013101586345A CN201310158634A CN103228031A CN 103228031 A CN103228031 A CN 103228031A CN 2013101586345 A CN2013101586345 A CN 2013101586345A CN 201310158634 A CN201310158634 A CN 201310158634A CN 103228031 A CN103228031 A CN 103228031A
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data
data acquisition
acquisition device
wireless
wireless communication
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张友能
黄晓峰
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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Abstract

The invention relates to a low power consumption design method of a wireless sensor and a wireless data acquisition device, and aims at providing a novel dynamic power management method based on analysis on the application characteristics of the wireless sensor, wireless measurement and control equipment or the wireless data acquisition device to allow wireless communication units of the wireless sensor and the wireless data acquisition device to be in a closed state or a dormant state to the greatest extent on the premise that an application requirement is met, for reducing system power consumption of wireless equipment, and prolonging the running time of the equipment under limited node energy. The invention provides a low power consumption wireless data acquisition device. The wireless communication unit is in the closed state or the dormant state when a set condition is not met, and the wireless communication unit is opened to transmit data and/or a state parameter to other equipment through a network when the set condition is met.

Description

A kind of low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit
Technical field
The invention belongs to the radio fest and control technical field, particularly relate to the low power consumption design method of wireless senser, data acquisition device.
Background technology
Along with the progress of microelectric technique, have the transducer of perception, calculating and wireless communication ability and obtained developing rapidly by the wireless sensor network that it constitutes.
The application of wireless sensor network is very extensive.Aspect commercial Application, be mainly used in the field monitoring that relates to dangerous fire and chemical substance, state of runtime machine monitoring etc.; In agriculture application is to collect pH value that soil humidity, nitrogen concentrates amount and soil etc.; In environmental monitoring and protection field, can monitor in real time plant chimney stalk, exhaust emission source emission; In addition, can carry out wireless real-time monitoring to the safe operation of forest fire protection, hydrometeorological data, hydroelectric station dam.
Sensor network nodes generally all is made up of modules such as data acquisition, data processing, radio communication and power supplys.Processor is selected flush bonding processor usually for use, and data transmission unit mainly is made up of low-power consumption, short-range wireless communication module.Because wireless sensor node is arranged in the environment that open air etc. is difficult to touch usually, adopt powered battery, node energy is limited, be difficult to replenish, therefore reduce power consumption, increasing the service life becomes the key problem of wireless senser design, the architecture of sensor network, communication protocol, algorithm, circuit and perception all must be satisfied energy efficiency.For single wireless sensor node, except that adopting when the hardware designs the low-power consumption element, dynamic power management (Dynamic Power Management, DPM) and dynamic electric voltage regulate that (Dynamic Voltage Supply DVS) can both reduce system power dissipation effectively.
Dynamic power management technology commonly used is provided with activity pattern, idle pulley and sleep pattern with processor.Under activity pattern, clock, crystal oscillator, processor, memory operate as normal, energy consumption is the highest; Under idle pulley, core processor quits work, and internal register is kept their current data, but peripheral circuit still work, energy consumption is lower than activity pattern; Under sleep pattern, controller kernel and peripheral circuit quit work, and have only the operation of ADC clock trees, and energy consumption is minimum.When idle pulley moves, if having data to send or when transmitting, system switches to activity pattern; When sleep pattern is moved,, node is restarted by reset operation or Switching Power Supply.A kind of typical dynamic power management strategy is, chip operation is at idle pulley at ordinary times, and closes the ADC module, only responds RF and interrupts, and this moment, energy consumption was very low; After the RF circuit receives packet, produce and interrupt, thereby switch to activity pattern, transmit or send, after transmission finishes, enter idle pulley again.
Existing these dynamic power management technology are to set about carrying out bottom optimization from the operating state and the device power of chip, processor mostly, and the application demand of less combining with wireless sensor is analyzed and optimized.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is based on analysis wireless senser, radio fest and control equipment or data acquisition device application characteristic, a kind of new dynamic power management method is proposed, to reduce the system power dissipation of wireless device, under limited node energy, prolong the running time of equipment.
One big class is used for the wireless sensor network of dynamic monitoring, has following characteristics:
1) need the monitoring real time data, but less demanding to the sample frequency of data.For example, for the Monitoring Data of agricultural soil index, often provide every day a Monitoring Data just enough.The automatic sample analysis equipment of other because it is longer to handle and analyze the time of a sample, also makes the sample frequency of data lower.
2) need the monitoring dynamic data, but the real-time of data required not to be strict, data lag behind several seconds to a few minutes are complete acceptables.For example,,, do not need substantially in real time if not being used for real-time weather forecast for hydrometeorological data, per hour or a few hours Monitoring Data is sent to Surveillance center just can meets the demands fully.
3) purpose of Monitoring Data mainly is whether monitor data is in normal range (NR), rather than is used for real-time computing, does not therefore need the concrete numerical value of whole Monitoring Data.For example, for the monitoring of environomental pollution source, the most applications pollutant sources are in state up to standard; Whether will monitor a large amount of pollutant sources simultaneously in control centre, the specific targets of a certain moment specific source are often by special concern, but normal with the color showing data.
4) the very big probability of Monitoring Data is in normal condition, and the probability that is in abnormality is very little.For the monitoring of environomental pollution source, and the application of most of monitoring alarms all has these characteristics.
On the other hand, different purposes according to wireless senser, radio fest and control equipment or data acquisition device, each is variant in the design of signal gathering unit, signal conversion unit, controlled processing unit, and the hardware designs of the wireless communication unit that is adopted, network schemer and communications protocol are also inequality.But the power consumption of wireless communication unit that is used for transceive data is often all very high, will reach 40~90% of Overall Power Consumption usually.
Technical problem of the present invention, application characteristic according to wireless sensor network, a kind of new dynamic power management method is proposed, satisfying under the prerequisite of application demand, make the wireless communication unit of wireless senser or data acquisition device be in closed condition or resting state, to reduce the system power dissipation of wireless device as far as possible.
The invention provides a kind of data acquisition device of low-power consumption, comprise wireless communication unit.
Usually, described low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit also comprises power supply, data acquisition unit, data processing unit.Because the difference of purposes, the data acquisition device can also comprise other functional unit or functional module, for example: wireless senser is the data acquisition device that has sensor unit, radio detection equipment is the data acquisition device that has detecting unit, radio fest and control equipment is the data acquisition device that has radio fest and control equipment, and wireless router is the data acquisition device that has the network routing unit.Therefore, wireless senser, radio detection equipment, wireless monitoring device, radio fest and control equipment, wireless router also all have the function of data acquisition device of the present invention, are concrete application of the present invention.
Described low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit is not when satisfying the condition that sets, and wireless communication unit is in closed condition or resting state; Described data acquisition device is when satisfying the condition that sets, and the open wireless communication unit is sent to miscellaneous equipment with data and/or state parameter by network.Finish described data are sent to miscellaneous equipment by network after, wireless communication unit enters closed condition or resting state.
Described data can be data or the signals that transducer, transmitter or miscellaneous equipment are sent to the data acquisition device; Also can be the data acquisition device carries out the data that obtain after conversion or the computing with a secondary data that transducer, transmitter or miscellaneous equipment transmitted or signal.For example, processor will be weighted by the data that transducer transmitted on average, Filtering Processing, get the data that obtain after the maximum, judge according to the condition that sets again.Described state parameter can detection means sends to the running state parameter of the detected object of wireless data transducer, and for example equipment running status is normal condition, abnormality etc.; Also can be the data acquisition device to the state parameter of the data of being undertaken by the data that transducer transmitted obtaining after the analyzing and processing, as safe condition, alarm condition, precarious position etc.; Can also be data acquisition device self working state parameter, as low-voltage warning, network state parameter etc.
Imposing a condition of the data acquisition device open wireless communication unit of described low-power consumption can comprise the combination with the next item down or multinomial rule:
1, the current time reaches the communication time that sets.Normally a kind of pattern of time opening network communication, as opening at the fixed time of every day, or section open wireless communication unit at regular intervals.
Adopting the time opening pattern, can be only at the time opening of wireless communication unit, and promptly wireless communication unit is in and closes or resting state when timer clock does not trigger, and other unit of data acquisition device still is in normal operating conditions; It also can be time opening at a plurality of functional units that comprise wireless communication unit, as: wireless communication unit, data acquisition unit, data storage cell all are not in resting state when timer clock triggers, and have only timer clock in running order.
2, the data acquisition device data of being gathered are in abnormality.
The data of gathering or accepting when the data acquisition device are state parameters, generally include normal condition and abnormality.Whether monitored target is in abnormality is judged by detecting unit and processing unit, and the state parameter that the data acquisition device receives promptly meets and imposes a condition the open wireless communication unit when " abnormality ".
When the data of collection of data acquisition device or acceptance are a certain numerical value, as temperature, humidity, concentration etc., whether be in abnormality by data acquisition device judgment data, Rule of judgment generally includes the combination with the next item down or multinomial condition: the data that gather (1) exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of setting; (2) changing value of the data of Cai Jiing exceeds the changing value threshold value of setting; (3) rate of change of the data of Cai Jiing exceeds the rate of change threshold value of setting.When the processor of data acquisition device according to the data of being gathered, exceed the limit value of setting by above-mentioned condition judgment data, then decision data is in abnormality, the open wireless communication unit transmits data and/or state parameter.
3, the supply voltage of data acquisition device reaches the fair value of setting.
When the supply voltage of data acquisition device reaches the fair value of setting or lower bound warning value, need open wireless communication unit as early as possible, current data are sent to miscellaneous equipment by wireless network, in order to avoid brownout and cause having no progeny in the wireless telecommunications and can't transmit data.Simultaneously, also can the low-voltage alarm status of data acquisition device be sent to host computer or miscellaneous equipment, so that manually handle by wireless network.
Similarly, can be with the supply voltage of data acquisition device as one of imposing a condition, or the condition that enables of open wireless communication unit.Imposing a condition of described low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit open wireless communication unit is: the supply voltage of data acquisition device is higher than the fair value of setting, and comprises the combination with the next item down or multinomial rule: (1) current time reaches the communication time that sets; (2) the data acquisition device data of being gathered exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of setting; (3) changing value of the data acquisition device data of being gathered exceeds the changing value threshold value of setting; (4) rate of change of the data acquisition device data of being gathered exceeds the rate of change threshold value of setting.
Described low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit can also be provided with data storage cell.When described wireless communication unit was in closed condition or resting state, the data of collection were saved to data storage cell; When described wireless communication unit is opened, the data that are kept at data storage cell are sent to miscellaneous equipment by network.Like this, the data acquisition device can be sent to miscellaneous equipment with the data centralization of being gathered when wireless communication unit is opened, and need be at the full time of open wireless communication unit all.
Described low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit when wireless communication unit is opened, can also change described imposing a condition or setup parameter by network.
Effective effect of the present invention is, by analysis to data acquisition device application demand, a kind of new dynamic power management method is proposed, satisfying under the prerequisite of application demand, the wireless communication unit of data acquisition device is in as far as possible closes or resting state, thereby reduce the system power dissipation that makes wireless device.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
A kind of low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit comprises power supply, data acquisition unit and wireless communication unit.
Described data acquisition device is not when satisfying the condition that sets, and wireless communication unit is in closed condition or resting state; Described data data acquisition unit is when satisfying the condition that sets, and the open wireless communication unit is sent to miscellaneous equipment with data and/or state parameter by network.Finish data are sent to miscellaneous equipment by network after, described wireless communication unit enters closed condition or resting state.
Described imposing a condition comprises combination with the next item down or multinomial rule: (1) current time reaches the communication time that sets; (2) the described data acquisition device data of being gathered are in abnormality; (3) supply voltage of described data acquisition device reaches the fair value of setting.
Wherein, the data of rule (2) described collection are in abnormality, comprise the combination with the next item down or multinomial condition: the data that gather (1) exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of setting; (2) changing value of the data of Cai Jiing exceeds the changing value threshold value of setting; (3) rate of change of the data of Cai Jiing exceeds the rate of change threshold value of setting.
Described low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit when wireless communication unit is opened, can also change described imposing a condition or setup parameter by network.For example: the data acquisition device is set in advance the Rule of judgment that many group wireless communication units are opened, can select to carry out different Rule of judgment by network; Can revise the rate of change threshold value of image data of changing value threshold value, the setting of the image data of the higher limit of image data of described setting or lower limit, setting by network; The data acquisition device is provided with status switch, can work according to the dynamic power management pattern by the setting wireless data acquisition unit by network, promptly open or close wireless communication unit according to aforesaid condition, also can the setting wireless data acquisition unit according to normal mode of operation work, wireless communication unit is in normally open.
Embodiment two:
A kind of low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit comprises power supply, data acquisition unit, data processing unit and wireless communication unit.
The data that described data acquisition device is gathered are the temperature signal T that transmitted by temperature sensor.The data acquisition utensil has high temperature alarm and/or low-temperature warning function, in advance the data acquisition device has been set high temperature alarm temperature T H and low-temperature warning temperature T L.
The data acquisition device is not when satisfying the condition that sets, and wireless communication unit is in closed condition or resting state; The data data acquisition unit is when satisfying the condition that sets, and the open wireless communication unit is sent to miscellaneous equipment with data and/or state parameter by network.Finish data are sent to miscellaneous equipment by network after, described wireless communication unit enters closed condition or resting state.Described imposing a condition is: the supply voltage of described data acquisition device is higher than the fair value of setting, and comprises the combination with the next item down or multinomial rule: (1) current time reaches the communication time that sets; (2) the described data acquisition device data of being gathered exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of setting; (3) changing value of the described data acquisition device data of being gathered exceeds the changing value threshold value of setting; (4) rate of change of the described data acquisition device data of being gathered exceeds the rate of change threshold value of setting.
For example, after the data acquisition device started, wireless communication unit was in closed condition or resting state.During the work of data acquisition device, detect the fair value whether supply voltage is higher than setting.If supply voltage is lower than the fair value of setting, wireless communication unit keeps closed condition or resting state; If supply voltage is higher than the fair value of setting, again the temperature signal T that will receive from temperature sensor with set alarm temperature relatively: when TL≤T≤TH, the wireless communication unit of data acquisition device is in closed condition; When T<TL or T>TH, data acquisition device open wireless communication unit is sent to miscellaneous equipment in host computer or the network with the temperature data T that gathers by network.The data acquisition device is sent to miscellaneous equipment with the temperature data of gathering by network, can only transmit alarm signal, also can transmit current temperature data, can also transmit the operational factor of data acquisition device simultaneously, as supply voltage etc.
Embodiment three:
A kind of low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit is the wireless temperature detector, comprises power supply, data processing unit, temperature detecting unit, data storage cell and wireless communication unit.
Described data acquisition device is not when satisfying the condition that sets, and wireless communication unit is in closed condition or resting state; Described data data acquisition unit is when satisfying the condition that sets, and the open wireless communication unit is sent to miscellaneous equipment with data and/or state parameter by network.
Particularly, the wireless temperature detector detects temperature data one time per 10 seconds, and stores the temperature data that is detected into data storage cell.Per hour open wireless communication unit one time, all be sent to Surveillance center by network with being stored in the temperature data that does not send as yet in the data storage, wireless communication unit enters closed condition after finishing the data transmission.
The wireless temperature detector has the temperature upper limit warning function.The wireless temperature detector can capping temperature (as 200 ℃).If detected temperature is higher than the ceiling temperature of setting, data acquisition device open wireless communication unit is sent to Surveillance center with detected temperature data by network.
The wireless temperature detector also has the rate of temperature change warning function.The wireless temperature detector can the design temperature rate of change (as 10 ℃/min).The data processing unit of wireless temperature detector is analyzed the temperature data that is detected, if the rate of change of Current Temperatures is higher than the rate of temperature change of setting, data acquisition device open wireless communication unit is sent to miscellaneous equipment in host computer or the network with detected temperature data by network.
The wireless temperature detector also has the low-voltage warning function.The wireless temperature detector can be set fair value of supply voltage or lower bound warning value, when the supply voltage of wireless temperature detector reaches the fair value of voltage of setting or lower bound warning value, need open wireless communication unit as early as possible, current data are sent to miscellaneous equipment by wireless network, in order to avoid brownout and cause having no progeny in the wireless telecommunications and can't transmit data.Simultaneously, also can the low-voltage alarm status of data acquisition device be sent to host computer or miscellaneous equipment, so that manually handle by wireless network.
To the wireless temperature detector, can define the function combinations of different timing communication, bound warning, rate of change warning according to customer requirements.After alarm signal is sent completely, wireless communication unit can be entered and close or resting state, also can be held open state, continue to send and detect data, be returned to normal range (NR) up to data.
To the wireless temperature detector, can also have function by network amendment communication setting condition and setup parameter.The wireless temperature detector is preestablished imposing a condition of some groups of open wireless communication units; And the designated memory of definition host computer is as the command bits of using which group to impose a condition; After wireless communication unit is opened, be connected into wireless network, before sending data, read the host computer designated memory by network earlier, decide according to the data of designated memory and carry out which group and impose a condition.Similarly, the designated memory of definition host computer is as the set point of ceiling temperature; Wireless communication unit is connected into wireless network after opening, and reads the host computer designated memory by network earlier before sending data, just can revise the set point of ceiling temperature.
Embodiment four:
A kind of low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit comprises storage battery, data acquisition unit, data processing unit, data storage cell and wireless communication unit.
The data that described data acquisition device is gathered are the temperature signal T that transmitted by temperature sensor.In order to reduce power consumption, reduce network service time and data volume, in advance the data acquisition device has been set variations in temperature threshold value dT, when temperature change value during, do not send the temperature signal of current collection by network less than preset threshold dT.
After the data acquisition device start, at first the temperature signal T that will receive from temperature sensor is sent to miscellaneous equipment host computer or the network by network, and is kept at data storage cell, is labeled as Ts.
Then, during the data acquisition device receives new temperature signal T, temperature signal T and Ts are compared.If (Ts-dT)≤and T≤(Ts+dT), judge that temperature change value less than preset threshold, is in closed condition or resting state with wireless communication unit, do not open network and connect the transmission data.If T<(Ts-dT) or T>(Ts+dT), judge that temperature change value is greater than preset threshold, data acquisition device open wireless communication unit, the temperature data T that gathers is sent to miscellaneous equipment in host computer or the network by network, and Current Temperatures signal T is kept at data storage cell, refresh Ts.Finish data are sent to miscellaneous equipment by network after, described wireless communication unit enters closed condition or resting state.
Because the response time of temperature is long usually, therefore, for example be made as 1C as long as variations in temperature threshold value dT rationally is set, has only the temperature change value of working as greater than 1C, the data acquisition device just carries out network service and sends data, otherwise will be in resting state, has significantly reduced equipment power dissipation.And the temperature data that host computer obtains remains real-time temperature data, to not influence of system's operation.
Because the application of data acquisition device has nothing in common with each other, listed embodiment is wherein several possible application examples just, those skilled in the art are in the scope of the disclosed content of the present invention, can design, be combined into different imposing a condition according to concrete application need, not influence enforcement of the present invention as the unlocking condition of wireless communication unit, the concrete working method of design wireless communication unit.

Claims (7)

1. a low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit comprises wireless communication unit, it is characterized in that: described data acquisition device is not when satisfying the condition that sets, and wireless communication unit is in closed condition or resting state; Described data data acquisition unit is when satisfying the condition that sets, and the open wireless communication unit is sent to miscellaneous equipment with data and/or state parameter by network.
2. low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, finish data are sent to miscellaneous equipment by network after, described wireless communication unit enters closed condition or resting state.
3. low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described data acquisition device also is provided with data storage cell; When described wireless communication unit was in closed condition or resting state, the data of collection were saved to data storage cell; When described wireless communication unit is opened, the data that are kept at data storage cell are sent to miscellaneous equipment by network.
4. low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described imposing a condition comprises combination with the next item down or multinomial rule:
(1) current time reaches the communication time that sets;
(2) the described data acquisition device data of being gathered are in abnormality;
(3) supply voltage of described data acquisition device reaches the fair value of setting.
5. low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that the data of described collection are in abnormality, comprises the combination with the next item down or multinomial condition:
(1) data of Cai Jiing exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of setting;
(2) changing value of the data of Cai Jiing exceeds the changing value threshold value of setting;
(3) rate of change of the data of Cai Jiing exceeds the rate of change threshold value of setting.
6. low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described imposing a condition is: the supply voltage of described data acquisition device is higher than the fair value of setting, and comprises the combination with the next item down or multinomial rule:
(1) current time reaches the communication time that sets;
(2) the described data acquisition device data of being gathered exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of setting;
(3) changing value of the described data acquisition device data of being gathered exceeds the changing value threshold value of setting;
(4) rate of change of the described data acquisition device data of being gathered exceeds the rate of change threshold value of setting.
7. low-consumption wireless data acquisition unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, when described wireless communication unit is opened, can change described imposing a condition or setup parameter by network.
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