CN103228030A - Wireless sensor network oriented low power consumption node - Google Patents
Wireless sensor network oriented low power consumption node Download PDFInfo
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- CN103228030A CN103228030A CN2013101272013A CN201310127201A CN103228030A CN 103228030 A CN103228030 A CN 103228030A CN 2013101272013 A CN2013101272013 A CN 2013101272013A CN 201310127201 A CN201310127201 A CN 201310127201A CN 103228030 A CN103228030 A CN 103228030A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless sensor network oriented low power consumption node which is used for networking communication between a temperature and humidity acquisition sensor and a PC (Personal Computer) server in a wireless sensor network and comprises a mother board system and a daughter board system, wherein the mother board system is connected with the daughter board system by a defined contact pin; the mother board system comprises a switching value sensor, an external power module for supplying power for the operation of the node, and a temperature and humidity sensor interface connected with the temperature and humidity acquisition sensor; the daughter board system comprises an SOC (System on Chip) processor module and a wireless communication module; and the SOC processor module receives and transmits temperature and humidity sensing signals, a sensor ID number and a switching value signal returned by the mother board system to the PC server through the wireless communication module. The node practically solves the problem that the current wireless sensor network node is high in energy consumption, and the invention provides the secure, efficient and energy-saving wireless sensor network node.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the wireless sensor technology field, be specifically related to a kind of towards the low energy consuming wireless sensor netwoks node.
Background technology
(Wireless Sensor Network is to be obtained and treatment technology by a kind of brand-new information that multidisciplinary development such as sensor technology, embedded technology, radio communication and Digital Electronic Technique breed out WSN) to wireless sensor network.It is not formed in specific zone by a large amount of small sensor node cloth with radio communication and computing capability, can finish the observing and controlling and the communications network system of appointed task according to ambient conditions.It has characteristics such as scale is big, cost is low, node hardware is simple, low in energy consumption, self-organizing, and surrounding environment is distributed and the collaboration type perception, is the bridge that connects the PC World and the actual physical world.
WSN is by sensor node, converges the three-level network system that (Sink) node and management node constitute.A large amount of sensor nodes are dispensed in the perception zone of a certain appointment, and each node can be collected data, and by many routing modes data is sent to aggregation node.Aggregation node is responsible for sending control command and is received the data that each sensor node is beamed back, and by USB interface or RS232 interface data is sent to terminal use's PC.PC carries out comprehensive analysis processing to each data.
Sensor node mainly is made up of functional modules such as sensor assembly, processor module, wireless communication module, memory module and power modules usually.Aggregation node is except the function with a general sensor nodes, and 26S Proteasome Structure and Function is also more complicated.The information that perception zone inner sensor node is gathered need realize by aggregation node with being connected of external network or terminal use.Aggregation node is the terminal that wireless sensor network is connected with wireline equipment, it is the interface of WSN internal network and management node, can connect external networks such as sensor network and Internet, can realize the communication Protocol Conversion between the protocol stack, the data forwarding of collecting to external network.Being responsible for sending upper layer commands (as inquiry, distribution ID address etc.), receiving the request and the data of lower level node, have functions such as data fusion, request arbitration and Route Selection, is a most important part in the wireless sensor network.
Wireless sensor network is as a kind of special Ad hoc network, and except dynamic topology, self-organizing, multi-hop route, limited bandwidth etc., it also has the individual very notable attribute of one: for the energy restriction of power consumption in other words.Therefore, wireless sensor network node must have low in power consumption.
Node is the foundation stone of wireless sensor network, is that whole network system is normal, the guarantee of high-efficient operation.Design and to develop firm, efficient, energy-conservation node be that the network node design of wireless sensor network very important research contents, particularly low-power consumption is an important difficult problem that faces at present.Wireless sensor network is compared with traditional network system, generally is applied in the high-risk or human field that is difficult to touch, so the matter of utmost importance that faces is with regard to energy consumption problem.According to the particularity of its application scenario, the energy of node is supplied with normal conditions and is adopted powered battery.General battery is a kind of independently without any the power source (except the solar cell, and solar cell is few in the application of wireless sensor network because be the design of complexity) of energy supplement, in a single day the energy of node exhausts, node will inactivation, stops its work at once, exits network.According to the characteristics of network node, the approach that solves node energy consumption has two kinds: the one, and adopt regenerative resource to supply with as the energy of node, such as solar energy etc., allow the energy of node can be self-sufficient.The 2nd, the design of research low-power consumption is satisfying under the prerequisite of application demand, reduces the energy of each link of node, thereby reduces the energy consumption of node.According to the application need of reality, the first element that cost is normally considered, the network node of obviously designing low-power consumption are the effective ways that solves this difficult problem.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of towards the low energy consuming wireless sensor netwoks node that the object of the invention is to provide, and it can solve ubiquitous energy consumption problem in the present wireless sensor network node conscientiously, and a kind of firm, efficient, energy-conservation wireless sensor network node is provided.
In order to solve these problems of the prior art, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
A kind of towards the low energy consuming wireless sensor netwoks node, described low-power consumption node is used for the humiture collection transducer of wireless sensor network and the group-net communication between the PC server, described low-power consumption node comprises motherboard and daughter board system two parts, be connected to each other by the contact pin that defines between motherboard and the daughter board system, motherboard comprises Boolean value output sensor, be the external power supply module of node work power supply and the Temperature Humidity Sensor interface that is used for external humiture collection transducer, the daughter board system comprises the SOC processor module, wireless communication module, the SOC processor module receives the temperature and humidity sensing signal that motherboard is passed back, sensor ID number and switching value signal, and be sent to the PC server by wireless communication module.
For technique scheme, the inventor also has further optimization embodiment.
As optimization, external power supply module in the motherboard is the 5V external power supply, be provided with 3.3V voltage stabilizing converting unit in the described daughter board system, 5V external power supply during work in the motherboard offers the daughter board system by the I/O mouth of contact pin definition, and output is powered to daughter board thereby described 3.3V voltage stabilizing converting unit becomes the 5V power source conversion 3.3V again.
As optimization, wireless communication module in the described daughter board system comprises that SMA external antenna or plate carry any one and the clock control circuit in the antenna, be provided with SMA external antenna or plate in the daughter board system and carry antenna, when concrete the application, select wherein any one antenna by welding.
As optimization, clock control circuit adopts the twin crystal structural circuit that shakes, and oikocryst shakes and is the active crystal oscillator of 20MHz, provides system clock for the SOC processor module when being used for low-power consumption node operate as normal; The passive crystal oscillator that uses 32.768KHz is safeguarded a real-time clock as auxilliary crystal oscillator when being used for node dormancy.
As optimization, what Boolean value output sensor adopted is tongue tube, is used for receiving key amount signal, also is provided with reset unit, wakeup unit in the described motherboard.
With respect to scheme of the prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
Described in the invention towards the low energy consuming wireless sensor netwoks node, be node work power supply by external power supply, only need to change battery in the intact back of power loss, be convenient to safeguard; The designed twin crystal structure of shaking can be kept the non-stop run of node in the daughter board system, prevents that node from exitting network because of depleted of energy quits work, and further improves the sustainability of system works.In addition, compared to existing technology, increased two-antenna scheme, can select external antenna and plate to carry the use of antenna flexibly according to use occasion difference.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Fig. 1 is the system configuration schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure diagram that power module is realized power supply in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the communication protocol data frame format in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the system works flow process figure of daughter board system in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment such scheme is described further.Should be understood that these embodiment are used to the present invention is described and are not limited to limit the scope of the invention.The implementation condition that adopts among the embodiment can be done further adjustment according to the condition of concrete producer, and not marked implementation condition is generally the condition in the normal experiment.
Embodiment:
Present embodiment has been described a kind of towards the low energy consuming wireless sensor netwoks node, its system configuration as shown in Figure 1, described low-power consumption node is used for the humiture collection transducer of wireless sensor network and the group-net communication between the PC server, described low-power consumption node comprises motherboard and daughter board system two parts, be connected to each other by the contact pin that defines between motherboard and the daughter board system, motherboard comprises Boolean value output sensor, be the external power supply module of node work power supply and the Temperature Humidity Sensor interface that is used for external humiture collection transducer, the daughter board system comprises the SOC processor module, wireless communication module, the SOC processor module receives the temperature and humidity sensing signal that motherboard is passed back, sensor ID number and switching value signal, and be sent to the PC server by wireless communication module.External power supply module in the motherboard is the 5V external power supply.
Wireless communication module in the daughter board system comprises that SMA external antenna or plate carry any one and the clock control circuit in the antenna, be provided with SMA external antenna or plate in the daughter board system and carry antenna, when concrete the application, select wherein any one antenna by welding.
Described daughter board system specifically comprise BL2100AFx SoC chip, JTAG debugging interface, AMS1117_3.3V voltage stabilizing chip (voltage stabilizing converting unit), SMA external antenna and plate carry antenna, clock control circuit and with the contact pin interface of motherboard.
Generally speaking, daughter board is inserted on the motherboard and is used in combination.During work, external 5V power supply is supplied with motherboard, and the I/O mouth that defines by contact pin offers daughter board, and the AMS1117_3.3V voltage stabilizing conversion chip on the daughter board becomes the 5V power source conversion 3.3V output again, thereby powers to daughter board.(in addition, also can be directly to the daughter board power supply, a need connect 3.3V on the contact pin of drawing or 5V(changes into 3.3V by AMS1117_3.3) battery)
The SMA external antenna or the plate that are provided with in the daughter board system carry antenna, select wherein any one antenna by welding when concrete the application.Clock control circuit adopts the twin crystal structural circuit that shakes, and oikocryst shakes and is the active crystal oscillator of 20MHz, selects the encapsulation of 3,225 four hem facing sheets for use, provides system clock for SOC processor module BL2100AFx SOC chip when being used for low-power consumption node operate as normal; The passive crystal oscillator that uses 32.768KHz is encapsulated as two pin contact pin types as auxilliary crystal oscillator, safeguards a real-time clock RTC when being used for node dormancy.
Described motherboard specifically comprise power module POWER, UART serial port module, Temperature Humidity Sensor interface SENSOR, Boolean value output sensor (tongue tube) KEY SIGNAL based on the RS232 standard, with the interface contact pin PIN and the RESET(reset unit of daughter board), the WAKEUP(wakeup unit).
The Temperature Humidity Sensor interface is four pin contact pins, is used for external humiture collection transducer.The humiture collection transducer uses the SHT11 series sensor of SENSIRION company, uses two I/O mouth controls of PIN29 (PA6), PIN30 (PA7) of BL2100AFX SOC chip respectively, uses the external pattern of contact pin.Boolean value output sensor is a tongue tube, is used for receiving key amount signal, uses PIN61 (PA0) the I/O mouth control of BL2100AFX SOC chip.RESET and WAKEUP are respectively and reset and wake button up.
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of the power supply power supply of present embodiment.Described power module is designed to the input of 5V external power supply, supplies with the AMS1117_3.3 voltage stabilizing conversion chip on Temperature Humidity Sensor SHT10 and the daughter board.Capacitor C 501, C502, C503 are filter capacitor, and F1 is a fuse, prevent the excessive circuit board that burns out of electric current.Serial ports has partly used the MAX3223 chip, is used for the 3.3VTTL level conversion of input is become the level output of RS232 standard, receives and dispatches with the PC terminal by the male serial ports and communicates by letter.
Fig. 3 is a communication protocol data frame format of the present invention.In the described data frame format, comprise following a few part: synchronous head: the ASCII sign indicating number * * * of 3 bytes; Data length: 2 bytes, what deposit is the frame length of 3 kinds of signals, is divided into 17Byte and 20Byte; Order ID:1 byte, wherein the temperature acquisition order is 0xA0, and the order of ID ID card is 0xA1, and the switching value signal command is 0xA2; Address: 4 bytes; Three kinds send signal frame: 2 bytes or 5 bytes, wherein the order of 0xA0 humiture collection is 5 bytes, storage temperature sign, temperature data, humidity data, 0xA1 id command: 2 bytes, deposit collection ID number, 0xA2 switching value signal: 2 bytes, deposit the switching value signal of collection; CRC check: 2 bytes are that other data except that synchronous head and synchronous tail are carried out CRC check; Synchronous tail: the ASCII sign indicating number ### of 3 bytes.
Fig. 4 is the workflow diagram of daughter board system in the present embodiment.As shown in Figure 4, described communication protocol aspect, the daughter board system is as aggregation node, the humiture collection transducer of the Boolean value output sensor in the motherboard, access and sensor ID are number as child node, communicating by letter of aggregation node and three child nodes all is based on the ZigBee agreement that meets IEEE 802.15.4 standard, and the advantage of this agreement has: low in energy consumption, cost is low, network capacity is big, time delay is short, the self-organizing of network, self-healing ability strong, reliable communications, data security, working frequency range are flexible etc.Wherein, for guaranteeing the reliability of communication, IEEE 802.15.4 agreement has been taked following measure: based on Error detection and the rectification of CRC; Adopt the collision-avoidance mechanism of CSMA-CA; For special-purpose guaranteed time slot has been reserved in the communication service of fixed-bandwidth; Adopt the data transmission mechanism of full confirmation, the packet of each transmission all must be waited for recipient's affirmation information etc.
At first, define the form of packet, need each module of using among the initialization BL2100AFx, comprise MCU, SPI, UZ2400, UART, Timer, RTC, Flash.Because the state that aggregation node need be intercepted child node constantly so aggregation node is in running order always, needs to open RTC to keep real-time clock.Child node is in low power consumpting state, wakes up once automatically in per 3 seconds.In case listen to the packet that child node sends, radio frequency transceiver UZ2400 enters receiving mode, receives the routing table white list of depositing among a packet and the Flash and compares, if packet white list number not in the white list scope or in the packet surpasses 10, with regard to packet loss; Otherwise, data are sent on the RS232 bus, data are sent to host computer (PC terminal), so far finish a packet and receive, enter next circulation by serial ports.
Above-mentioned example only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics, and its purpose is to allow the people who is familiar with this technology can understand content of the present invention and enforcement according to this, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.All equivalent transformations that spirit is done according to the present invention or modification all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. one kind towards the low energy consuming wireless sensor netwoks node, it is characterized in that, described low-power consumption node is used for the humiture collection transducer of wireless sensor network and the group-net communication between the PC server, described low-power consumption node comprises motherboard and daughter board system two parts, be connected to each other by the contact pin that defines between motherboard and the daughter board system, motherboard comprises Boolean value output sensor, be the external power supply module of node work power supply and the Temperature Humidity Sensor interface that is used for external humiture collection transducer, the daughter board system comprises the SOC processor module, wireless communication module, the SOC processor module receives the temperature and humidity sensing signal that motherboard is passed back, sensor ID number and switching value signal, and be sent to the PC server by wireless communication module.
2. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that towards the low energy consuming wireless sensor netwoks node external power supply module in the motherboard is the 5V external power supply.
3. according to claim 1 and 2 towards the low energy consuming wireless sensor netwoks node, it is characterized in that, be provided with 3.3V voltage stabilizing converting unit in the described daughter board system, 5V external power supply during work in the motherboard offers the daughter board system by the I/O mouth of contact pin definition, and output is powered to daughter board thereby described 3.3V voltage stabilizing converting unit becomes the 5V power source conversion 3.3V again.
4. according to claim 1 towards the low energy consuming wireless sensor netwoks node, it is characterized in that, wireless communication module in the described daughter board system comprises that SMA external antenna or plate carry any one and the clock control circuit in the antenna, be provided with SMA external antenna or plate in the daughter board system and carry antenna, when concrete the application, select wherein any one antenna by welding.
5. according to claim 4 towards the low energy consuming wireless sensor netwoks node, it is characterized in that, clock control circuit adopts the twin crystal structural circuit that shakes, and oikocryst shakes and is the active crystal oscillator of 20MHz, provides system clock for the SOC processor module when being used for low-power consumption node operate as normal; The passive crystal oscillator that uses 32.768KHz is safeguarded a real-time clock as auxilliary crystal oscillator when being used for node dormancy.
6. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that what Boolean value output sensor adopted is tongue tube, is used for receiving key amount signal towards the low energy consuming wireless sensor netwoks node.
7. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that, also be provided with reset unit, wakeup unit in the described motherboard towards the low energy consuming wireless sensor netwoks node.
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