CN103225472B - Vehicle door structure - Google Patents
Vehicle door structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN103225472B CN103225472B CN201310084631.1A CN201310084631A CN103225472B CN 103225472 B CN103225472 B CN 103225472B CN 201310084631 A CN201310084631 A CN 201310084631A CN 103225472 B CN103225472 B CN 103225472B
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- stiffener
- bolt hole
- installation portion
- face
- door panel
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Abstract
A vehicle door structure includes a reinforcing member extending along an inner side of an outer door panel in a longitudinal direction, wherein the reinforcing member includes an extrusion-molded body, a forward end surface and a rear end surface, each comprising fixing portions configured to abut forward and rear mounts upon the inner side of the outer door panel, and the reinforcing member configured to be secured to the mounts in the longitudinal direction.
Description
The divisional application that the application is the applying date is on June 5th, 2008, application number is 200810108600.4, denomination of invention is the application of " automobile door structure ".
Technical field
Embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a kind of automobile door structure.More specifically, the disclosure relates to a kind of inner side at door and arranges stiffener to increase the automobile door structure of the rigidity of door.
Background technology
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 5-116537 publication (such as, 0010th section to 0021 section and Fig. 1) disclose an example of automobile door structure, in this example embodiment, inner seal component and the aftershaping portion being positioned at corner assembly (corner piece) before and after inner seal component and weather strip are by one-body molded and be formed together.
In this automobile door structure, the internal hilar plate being positioned at the door main body of vehicle side surface is provided with pressure forming external door panel component and is provided with door trim component (trim member) within it outside it.
Each in door trim component is laminate material, and this laminate material has the skin of froth bed to form primarily of core material and backing.
Internal hilar plate and corresponding pressure forming external door panel component are all joined together to be formed the box-shaped with closed section along its edge.
In above-mentioned automobile door structure, internal hilar plate and pressure forming external door panel component are joined together to be formed the box-shaped with closed section along its edge, to realize the rigidity expected.
At Japanese Patent Publication 6-78036 publication (such as, from the 0012nd section to 0025 section, with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) in disclose another example of automobile door structure, in this example embodiment, the hollow stringcourse decoration element formed by molding synthetic resin body is located in door trim component.
But in above-mentioned automobile door structure, the internal hilar plate of door main body comprises the end of the band projection of several fore-and-aft direction along vehicle, and this nose portion must join external door panel to.As a result, there is many possible installation sites, making to be difficult to reach high accuracy when installing this internal hilar plate.In addition, the structure of this band projection makes to be difficult to maintain structural rigidity in internal hilar plate.
Summary of the invention
In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a kind of automobile door structure, and it comprises: stiffener, and it extends along the inner side of external door panel in the vertical; Wherein, stiffener comprises: extrusion molding body; And front end face and rear end face, this front end face and rear end face include fixed part, and this fixed part is configured to abut the front and back installation portion inside external door panel, and stiffener is configured to be secured to installation portion in the vertical.
On the other hand, the disclosure relates to a kind of method constructing automobile door structure, and it comprises, and extrudes stiffener along the longitudinal; Between the installation portion stiffener be extruded being arranged on the inner side being fixed in external door panel, wherein, installation portion is configured to abut the fixed part of the front and rear being positioned at stiffener; Utilize the bolt extended in the bolt hole of fixed part that stiffener is fastened to installation portion; And with extrude stiffener and side by side form bolt hole.
On the other hand, the disclosure relates to a kind of automobile door structure, and it comprises: stiffening device, and it extends along the inner side of external door panel in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle; Stiffening device comprises: main body; With front end face and rear end face, this front end face and rear end face include fastening devices, and fastening devices is configured to the front and back erecting device of the inner side abutting external door panel; Stiffening device is configured to be secured to erecting device in the vertical.
Accompanying drawing explanation
From below with reference to the description of the drawings, feature of the present disclosure will become more obvious.
Fig. 1 is the exploded perspective view of diagram according to the door main body of the vehicle of the unitary construction of the automobile door structure of disclosure embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the lateral view of the inside door stiffener according to disclosure embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing intercepted along line III-III of the inside door stiffener in Fig. 2.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring now to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the automobile door structure according to disclosure embodiment is described.
First, with reference to figure 1, vehicle Qianmen 10 is configured to can relative to the car door of the car body pivotable of vehicle.As shown in the figure, Qianmen 10 comprises inside door stiffener 13, and this stiffener 13 extends on the longitudinal B in the front and back of vehicle along the inner side of the external door panel 12 of door body 11.
In the embodiment selected, by the aluminium body of extrusion molding is cut into desired length to form stiffener 13.With reference to figure 3, by aluminium longitudinally being extruded for the tubular body of general hollow and form the extrusion molding component with roughly annular closed cross section.Therefore, the tubular body of the general hollow along whole length with uniform vertical cross-section can be formed.In other embodiments, also stiffener is formed by casting or machine tooling.
As shown in the figure, stiffener 13 can comprise the front end face 13a and rear end face 13b that roughly become 90 degree (that is, orthogonal) to cut with longitudinal B.Front end face 13a can comprise installation portion 14 and lower installation portion 15, and rear end face 13b can comprise installation portion 16 and lower installation portion 17.Installation portion 14,15,16 and 17 can be used as fixed part, and can be provided with respective bolt hole 14a, 15a, 16a and 17a.
In the embodiment selected, can form bolt hole 14a, 15a, 16a and 17a in the process of extrusion molding operation, making is connected with each other at longitudinal B upper bolt hole 14a and 16a of stiffener 13 passes to and bolt hole 15a and 17a is connected with each other logical.
As shown in sectional drawing 3, the inwall extended between bolt hole 14a and 16a can partly be provided with otch 20, particularly, cut away the perimembranous of bolt hole 14a and 16a partly by longitudinally B and form otch 20, this otch 20 can be set to allow the radial dilatation of bolt hole 14a and 16a.Similarly, the inwall extended between bolt hole 15a and 17a can partly be provided with otch 21.Cut away the perimembranous of bolt hole 15a and 17a partly by longitudinally B and form otch 21, this otch 21 can be set to allow the radial dilatation of bolt hole 15a and 17a.
The reinforcement that the external door panel 12 of door main body 11 can be provided with the correspondence of the installation portion as stiffener 13 installs face 18 and 19.Reinforcement installs face 18 can comprise about a pair installing hole 18a and 18a, and similarly, reinforcement installs face 19 can comprise about a pair installing hole 19a and 19a.
Upper installing hole 18a and 19a can be configured to the direction facing from the front and back of vehicle and receive bolt 22, make bolt 22 mutually faced by.Similarly, bolt 22 is received in direction that lower installing hole 18a and 19a also can be facing from the front and back of vehicle, make bolt 22 mutually faced by.
Therefore, as shown in Figure 1, the direction of insertion of installing the axle portion 22a of the outstanding bolt 22 of face 18 from the reinforcement of door main body 11 can be consistent with the bearing of trend being parallel to bolt hole 14a and 15a of longitudinal B of stiffener 13.Similarly, the direction of insertion of installing the axle portion 22a of the outstanding another pair of bolts 22 of face 19 from the reinforcement of door main body 11 can be consistent with the bearing of trend being parallel to bolt hole 16a and 17a of longitudinal B of stiffener 13.
By being inserted by bolt 22 and being fastened to the inner surface of bolt hole 14a, 15a, 16a and 17a, front/rear end 13a and 13b of stiffener 13 reliably can be bolted to the reinforcement installation face 18 and 19 of door main body 11.
In addition, stiffener 13 can be provided with the flange 23 of the upside one outwardly from this stiffener.Flange 23 can have the top edge 23a and door decoration element (not shown) that are cut to the shape conformed to the profile of door main body 11.Referring to figs. 2 and 3, top edge 23a can comprise the front upper part 23b be positioned near the position of front part of vehicle and the upper back 23c being positioned at the position near vehicle rear.The feature of front upper part 23b can be that height h1 is greater than the height h2 of the correspondence of upper back 23c.
Flange 23 also can comprise the surperficial 23d in the face of hoist type glass component (not shown).Surface 23d can be provided with the sealing lip protuberance 23e of a pair one.Sealing lip protuberance can be formed by extrusion molding.
In the embodiment selected, the top edge 23a(of flange 23 can be carried out from front upper part 23b to upper back 23c utilizing extrusion molding operation to construct after stiffener 13) cutting process.This makes the profile of top edge 23a and door main body 11 correspondingly extend to upper back 23c glossily from front upper part 23b.
As shown in Figure 1, in the embodiment selected, be arranged under the state of the reinforcement installation face 18 and 19 of door main body 11 at the installation portion up and down 14,15,16 and 17 of front/rear end 13a and 13b being arranged on stiffener 13, stiffener 13 is positioned to be reinforced part installation face 18 and 19 and is clipped in the middle from the side, front and back of vehicle.
Then, bolt 22 is inserted into respectively reinforcement from vehicle fore-and-aft direction and installs installing hole 18a and 19a of face 18 and 19, make bolt mutually faced by.
Subsequently, the axle portion 22a installing face 19 outstanding from reinforcement installing the outstanding axle portion 22a of face 18 and another pair of bolts 22 from reinforcement of pair of bolts 22 are inserted into and are fastened to bolt hole 14a, 15a, 16a and 17a of the correspondence of stiffener 13.
According to the embodiment selected, stiffener 13 can be the aluminum extruded formed body with uniform closed hoop vertical cross-section.Particularly, stiffener 13 can have general hollow tubular, the size of this tubular is along the roughly whole consistent length extended between front end face 13a and rear end face 13b, and the reinforcement that this front end face 13a and rear end face 13b is fixed to door main body 11 installs face 18 and 19.
Will now describe the advantage of the automobile door structure according to the embodiment selected.
Therefore, different from the prior art that the bossed bolt installed surface of band may damage along the rigidity of bending direction, the embodiment of selection prevents above-mentioned infringement by maintaining the rigidity of stiffener 13.
In addition, by using pair of bolts 22 and another pair of bolts 22, the front end face 13a of inside door stiffener 13 and rear end face 13b is fixed to reinforcement and installs on face 18 and 19, and stiffener 13 is arranged on door main body 11.Therefore, this can improve the rigidity of door main body 11.
And, under the state being arranged to contact at upper and lower installation portion 14,15,16 and 17 and install face 18 and 19 in the face of the reinforcement of door main body 11, front/rear end 13a and 13b of stiffener 13 can be reinforced part and install face 18 and 19 and be clipped in the middle from the side, front and back of vehicle.
Therefore, due to stiffener 13 can reliably along vehicle longitudinal B(namely, fore-and-aft direction) location, so do not need the sectional fixture that adds and other erecting tools and fastening devices.
In addition, because bolt hole 14a, 15a, 16a and the 17a be located in respective upper and lower installation portion 14,15,16 and 17 is used as permanent position, so do not need the installing component for stiffener 13 added.By being inserted simply by bolt 22 and being fastened in corresponding bolt hole, the reinforcement that stiffener 13 can be fixed to door main body 11 installs face 18 and 19.
In the embodiment selected, the reinforcement installation face 18 and 19 by 4 bolts 22, stiffener 13 being fixed to door main body 11 is shown.But, should be appreciated that as understood in those skilled in the art, also can use other retention mechanism and not depart from the scope of claim of the present disclosure.Particularly, rivet, screw, hobnail, fastener, welding etc. can be used to replace bolt 22.
In other words, the reinforcement of door main body 11 installs face 18 and 19 while being clipped in the middle by stiffener 13 respectively in the face of front/rear end 13a and 13b of the substantially vertical cutting of stiffener 13, thus, can at longitudinal B(of vehicle namely, fore-and-aft direction) on locate stiffener 13 accurately.
In addition, the axle portion 22a of bolt 22 can be inserted into reinforcement and install in installing hole 18a and 19a of face 18 and 19, to make axle portion 22a be secured to be located at relative bolt hole 14a and 16a in front/rear end 13a with 13b of stiffener 13 and 15a and 17a.Therefore, stiffener 13 can be located on the width of vehicle and vertical direction.
Therefore, even if when a small amount of installation site, four bolts 22 also allow to realize high installation accuracy.This makes by the sealing lip protuberance 23e be formed on upper edge 23a and 23e(Fig. 3) keep the containment member that contacts slidably with hoist type glass component (that is, window glass) accurately.
Therefore, and may be difficult to ensure that the prior art of precision is formed due to a large amount of bonding station between plate and contrast, selected embodiment of the present disclosure allows the level and smooth vertical movement of hoist type glass component.
In addition, owing to can form bolt hole 14a, 15a, 16a and 17a in extrusion molding operation simultaneously, so can easily form these bolts hole when the machine tooling operation not needing to add.
As mentioned above, in the embodiment selected, the inwall extended between bolt hole 14a and 16a of stiffener 13 can partly be provided with otch 20, this otch can by cutting away the perimembranous of bolt hole 14a and 16a partly and formed on longitudinal B, and can allow the radial dimension of bolt hole 14a and 16a to expand.Similarly, the inwall extended between bolt hole 15a and 17a of stiffener 13 can partly be provided with otch 21, this otch can by cutting away the perimembranous of bolt hole 15a and 17a partly and formed on longitudinal B, and can allow the radial dimension of bolt hole 15a and 17a to expand.
Therefore, even if coordinating between bolt hole 14a, 15a, 16a and 17a and the axle portion 22a of bolt 22 is slightly tight, otch 20 and 21 also can be out of shape (direction along expansion kerf width) to allow the radial dilatation of bolt hole 14a, 15a, 16a and 17a.Therefore, because stiffener 13 can not be out of shape significantly, the rigidity of stiffener 13 can thus be maintained.
In addition, in the embodiment selected, flange 23 comprises the top edge 23a being cut to the shape corresponding to the profile of door main body 11 and interior trim component.Therefore, flange 23 can have the shape corresponding to the design in the stringcourse region of door main body 11, thus allows larger shaping flexibility.
In addition, in the embodiment selected, side by side bolt hole 14a, 15a, 16a and 17a can be formed by extrusion molding with the remainder of stiffener 13.In addition, also can be formed with the remainder of stiffener 13 from the flange 23 that stiffener 13 one is outstanding simultaneously.
After extrusion molding operation, can, according to the top edge 23a of the profile cut flange 23 of door main body 11, make top edge 23a consistent with this profile.
Therefore, by using bolt 22 easily can be arranged on door main body 11 by stiffener 13, the rigidity of door main body 11 can be improved thus.In addition, especially for the stringcourse region of door main body 11, larger shaping flexibility can be realized, thus improve appearance and the outward appearance of door main body 11.
Although describe exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure as already with reference to the drawings in detail, the theme in claim of the present disclosure should not be limited to above-described embodiment, allows to carry out design variations and amendment under the degree of scope not departing from disclosed theme.
Particularly, although the car door in above-described embodiment refers to Qianmen, disclosed theme should not be limited to the Qianmen of vehicle, but selectively comprises back door and other door and the assembly of vehicle.Therefore, as long as car door comprises the inside door stiffener of extend longitudinally, car door just should not be restricted in shape, quantity and material.
Although stiffener is illustrated as aluminum extruded formed body above, should be appreciated that, should not be limited to aluminum extruded formed body according to stiffener of the present disclosure.Similarly, stiffener can comprise aluminium, magnesium, beryllium, titanium or its alloy.
In addition, in an alternative embodiment, with 2, more than 3 or 5 bolts 22, stiffener 13 can be fixed to door main body 11.
In the embodiment selected, flange 23 can comprise the top edge 23a cutting into the shape consistent with the profile of door main body 11 and interior trim component.Particularly, after extrusion molding operation, top edge 23a can be cut to and make part 23b and 23c have different height dimension h1 and h2.Or, after extrusion molding operation, flange 23 can be made to bend relative to the axis direction of extrusion, to be shaped to the shape consistent with the profile of door main body 11, decorative trim member or hoist type glass (that is, vehicle window) component.
Although propose the disclosure with a limited number of embodiment, that is benefited from the disclosure it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the embodiment not departing from the scope of the present disclosure can finding out other.Therefore, the scope of the present disclosure should only be limited by appending claims.
the cross reference of related application
This application claims the priority of Japanese patent application No.2007-152334 of submitting on June 8th, 2007 and Japanese patent application No.2007-329775 of submitting on December 21st, 2007.The full content of these two earlier applications is contained in this by reference.
Claims (11)
1. an automobile door structure, it comprises:
Stiffener, it extends along the inner side of external door panel in the vertical;
Have the reinforcement installation portion of installing hole for a pair, it is arranged at the inner side of described external door panel in the vertical facing with each otherly,
Wherein, described stiffener comprises:
Extrusion molding body; And
Front end face and rear end face, this front end face and rear end face include fixed part, and this fixed part is configured to the described reinforcement installation portion abutted inside described external door panel,
Described stiffener is configured to be secured to described reinforcement installation portion in the vertical,
The described fixed part of described stiffener comprises bolt hole, and described bolt hole is the annular shape with otch, and forms described bolt hole in the extrusion molding operation extruding described stiffener simultaneously,
Described stiffener comprises the closed section of roughly ring-type, wherein, described spiro keyhole position in the perimembranous of the closed section of the described ring-type of described stiffener,
Under the state that described stiffener is clipped in described in a pair between reinforcement installation portion, utilize to be longitudinally inserted into the installing hole of described reinforcement installation portion and to be inserted into and described fixed part is fixed on described reinforcement installation portion by the bolt being fastened to described bolt hole.
2. automobile door structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with the described otch extended in the vertical in the local of the inwall comprising described bolt hole.
3. automobile door structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described stiffener comprises from this stiffener flange outwardly.
4. automobile door structure according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described flange comprises the top edge being cut to the shape corresponding with the profile of described external door panel.
5. construct a method for automobile door structure, it comprises:
Extrude stiffener along the longitudinal;
The described stiffener be extruded is arranged at be arranged at the inner side of external door panel in the vertical facing with each otherly the reinforcement installation portion a pair with installing hole between, wherein, described in a pair, reinforcement installation portion is configured to abut the fixed part of the front and rear being positioned at described stiffener;
Under the state that described stiffener is clipped in described in a pair between reinforcement installation portion, utilize to be longitudinally inserted into the installing hole of described reinforcement installation portion and to be inserted into and described stiffener is fastened to described reinforcement installation portion by the bolt be fastened in the bolt hole of described fixed part;
With extrude described stiffener and side by side form described bolt hole, and
Perimembranous along the annular cross section of the described stiffener extruded arranges described bolt hole.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the method also comprises:
Arrange longitudinal cut along at least one in described bolt hole, wherein, described longitudinal cut is configured to allow described bolt hole radial dilatation when described stiffener is secured to described reinforcement installation portion.
7. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the method also comprises: the upper flange corresponding with the profile of described external door panel forming described stiffener.
8. an automobile door structure, it comprises:
Stiffening device, it extends along the inner side of external door panel in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle;
Have the erecting device of installing hole for a pair, it is arranged at the inner side of described external door panel in the vertical facing with each otherly,
Described stiffening device comprises:
Main body; With
Front end face and rear end face, include fastening devices, and described fastening devices is configured to the described erecting device of the inner side abutting described external door panel;
Described stiffening device is configured to be secured to described erecting device in the vertical,
Described fastening devices comprises bolt hole,
Described stiffening device comprises the closed section of basic ring-type, wherein, described spiro keyhole position in the perimembranous of the closed cross-section of this ring-type,
Under the state that described stiffening device is clipped in described in a pair between erecting device, utilize to be longitudinally inserted into the installing hole of described erecting device and to be inserted into and described fastening devices is fixed on described erecting device by the bolt being fastened to described bolt hole.
9. automobile door structure according to claim 8, is characterized in that, is provided with the otch extended longitudinally in the local of the inwall comprising described bolt hole.
10. automobile door structure according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described stiffening device comprises from this stiffening device flange arrangement outwardly.
11. automobile door structures according to claim 10, is characterized in that, described flange arrangement comprises the top edge being cut to the shape corresponding with the profile of described external door panel.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007-152334 | 2007-06-08 | ||
| JP2007152334 | 2007-06-08 | ||
| JP2007329775A JP5163098B2 (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2007-12-21 | Vehicle door structure |
| JP2007-329775 | 2007-12-21 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101086004A Division CN101319591A (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2008-06-05 | Vehicle door structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103225472A CN103225472A (en) | 2013-07-31 |
| CN103225472B true CN103225472B (en) | 2015-04-01 |
Family
ID=40179828
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310084631.1A Active CN103225472B (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2008-06-05 | Vehicle door structure |
| CNA2008101086004A Pending CN101319591A (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2008-06-05 | Vehicle door structure |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101086004A Pending CN101319591A (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2008-06-05 | Vehicle door structure |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5163098B2 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN103225472B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3035033B1 (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2017-04-07 | Renault Sas | DOOR STRUCTURE WITH A LOCAL CLOSURE MEMBER OF THE BANDEAU REINFORCEMENT PROFILE SECTION |
| JP6269698B2 (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2018-01-31 | マツダ株式会社 | Car door structure |
| JP6853304B2 (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2021-03-31 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Vehicle door |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB758970A (en) * | 1953-05-18 | 1956-10-10 | Jacob Merle Gwynne | Improvements in and relating to metal frames for windows and the like |
| JPH0483818U (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-07-21 | ||
| JPH06183266A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-07-05 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Door trim mounting structure |
| JPH0672714U (en) * | 1993-03-29 | 1994-10-11 | 日産車体株式会社 | Car door |
| JPH1016566A (en) * | 1996-07-04 | 1998-01-20 | Mazda Motor Corp | Door structure for automobile |
| US6135537A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 2000-10-24 | Chrysler Corporation | Reinforced vehicle door assembly |
| US6020039A (en) * | 1998-04-21 | 2000-02-01 | Inland Steel Company | Automobile door impact beam |
| JP2002012108A (en) * | 2000-07-03 | 2002-01-15 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Shock absorbing member and bumper stay using the same |
| DE10038200B4 (en) * | 2000-08-04 | 2014-05-08 | Volkswagen Ag | Window seal for attachment to a motor vehicle door |
| FR2818227B1 (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2003-03-28 | Renault | MOTOR VEHICLE DOOR WITH HEADBAND RETAINING SYSTEM |
| JP3818856B2 (en) * | 2001-01-29 | 2006-09-06 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | Belt line reinforcement structure for vehicle doors |
| JP3948214B2 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2007-07-25 | スズキ株式会社 | Door internal structure |
| JP3912095B2 (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2007-05-09 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Vehicle door structure and door assembly method |
-
2007
- 2007-12-21 JP JP2007329775A patent/JP5163098B2/en active Active
-
2008
- 2008-06-05 CN CN201310084631.1A patent/CN103225472B/en active Active
- 2008-06-05 CN CNA2008101086004A patent/CN101319591A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103225472A (en) | 2013-07-31 |
| JP2009012745A (en) | 2009-01-22 |
| CN101319591A (en) | 2008-12-10 |
| JP5163098B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 |
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