CN103224272A - Method for removing heavy metal cyanogen complex in waste water based on double-effect polymerization of aluminum chloride - Google Patents

Method for removing heavy metal cyanogen complex in waste water based on double-effect polymerization of aluminum chloride Download PDF

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CN103224272A
CN103224272A CN2012100208922A CN201210020892A CN103224272A CN 103224272 A CN103224272 A CN 103224272A CN 2012100208922 A CN2012100208922 A CN 2012100208922A CN 201210020892 A CN201210020892 A CN 201210020892A CN 103224272 A CN103224272 A CN 103224272A
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water
heavy metal
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total
aluminum chloride
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刘会娟
胡承志
曲久辉
赵旭
游丽燕
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Research Center for Eco Environmental Sciences of CAS
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the industrial waste water processing technical field, and is especially relates to a method for removing a heavy metal cyanogen complex in waste water based on double-effect polymerization of aluminum chloride (PACC). According to the invention, PACC containing high content Al13 form and active chlorine can be taken as a medicament, an alkaline chlorination process and a link for removing heavy metal by coagulation in a heavy metal cyanogen complex water treatment process are combined into one, thereby the purposes of removing cyanogen, breaking complex and synchronously removing heavy metal can be reached, the water treatment process flow is shortened, the efficiency is increased, and the method for removing the heavy metal cyanogen complex is the novel technology for removing the heavy metal cyanogen complex with the characteristics of economical efficiency, convenient and efficient performances and easy operation.

Description

Method based on heavy metal cyano complex in the removal waste water of economic benefits and social benefits polymerize aluminum chloride
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of waste water processing, particularly a kind of method based on heavy metal cyano complex in the removal water of economic benefits and social benefits polymerize aluminum chloride (PACC).
Background technology
Prussiate is a highly toxic substance, and cyanide wastewater must be earlier treated, just can enter in water channel or the river.Prussiate is widely used in industries such as plating, metallurgy.As a kind of strong complexing agent, cryanide ion (CN -) can (Me (II) mainly comprises: Cu with many metal ions in the water 2+, Zn 2+, Ni 2+, Cd 2+, Pb 2+) the stable complex compound of formation.Therefore, when there being a large amount of CN -The time, the Me in the waste water (II) will with CN -Complexing, form the heavy metal cyano complex of stable in properties, as cuprous cyanide, zinc cyanide, nickel cyanide, cadmium cyanide, plumbous cyanide, mercury cyanide etc., this has caused very big difficulty to the removal of these poisonous and hazardous heavy metal ion again, becomes the difficult problem of heavy metal containing wastewater treatment.
For heavy metal cyano complex waste water, main methods has: chemical method, ion exchange method, activated carbon method, electrolytic process, reverse osmosis method, evaporation concentration method.Wherein, chemical method has less investment, technology characteristic of simple, is to study and use maximum methods at present.Chemical method mainly comprises oxide treatment method, neutralizing treatment method, coagulating sedimentation etc., and several method combined together uses.Alkaline chlorination process is the most frequently used oxide treatment method, and by the reaction in two stages, chlorine is that oxygenant (liquid chlorine, clorox, dioxide peroxide etc.) can be oxidized to cyanogen nitrogen and carbonic acid gas under alkaline condition.After cyanogen was oxidized, the heavy metal cyano complex was closed by contact break immediately, and Me (II) dissociates out from complex compound, can be removed by means such as alkaline sedimentation, coagulating sedimentation, adsorption filtrations.
This case contriver has successfully invented the method (ZL 200310121380.6) that a kind of preparation has the polymerize aluminum chloride (PACC) of flocculation and disinfection effect concurrently, because PACC contains high-load Al 13Therefore form and reactive chlorine show good flocculation and oxidation/disinfectant economic benefits and social benefits water treatment usefulness.Reactive chlorine is that chlorine is the effective ingredient of oxygenant, in water can with CN -Reaction generates CNO -, further reaction generates CO again 2And N 2The major ingredient of reactive chlorine is hypochlorous acid (HClO) among the PACC.Al 13([AlO 4Al 12(OH) 24(H 2O) 12] 7+) be the intermediate product of the hydrolysis-polymerization-precipitation series reaction of aluminium, except having high positive charge and stronger bridge formation ability, ready-formed Al 13Polymer is comparatively stable in coagulation process.Studies show that Al 13Form is the best cohesion flocculation form in the polymerize aluminum chloride.Therefore, take effective means and process to obtain high-content Al 13Form is polymerize aluminum chloride research and pursuing one's goal of producing often.
The present invention is based on the characteristics of PACC water treatment agent, invents a kind of method of removing heavy metals cyano complex of with low cost, easy handling, utilizes high reactivity chlorine and Al among the PACC 13Form content, the realization oxidizing, flocculating is removed the CN in the heavy metal cyano complex synchronously -And Me (II).
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the CN in the waste water -And Me (II) (Me (II) mainly comprises: Cu 2+, Zn 2+, Ni 2+, Cd 2+, pb 2+), provide a kind of economical and effective, convenient and swift, easy handling, oxidizing, flocculating to carry out synchronously, based on the method for heavy metal cyano complex in the removal waste water of economic benefits and social benefits polymerize aluminum chloride (PACC).
PACC involved in the present invention removes CN in the water -Know-why be: the fs, under strong alkaline condition, reactive chlorine and CN -Reaction generates CNO -Subordinate phase, under weak basic condition, reactive chlorine further with CNO -Reaction has generated harmless CO 2And N 2
The know-why that PACC involved in the present invention removes Me (II) in the water is: under the oxygenizement of reactive chlorine, heavy metal cyano complex structure is disintegrated, Me wherein (II) is dissociated out, under weak basic condition, part Me (II) can hydrolytic precipitation removes, and remaining not hydrolytic precipitation remains Me (II) in water by Al 13The form flocculation is removed.
Based on above-mentioned principle, the present invention proposes the method that relates to heavy metal cyano complex in effective removal water that oxidizing, flocculating carries out synchronously of PACC, thereby administer new technological approaches is provided for containing cyanogen and heavy metal wastewater thereby.
Described PACC adopts the described method of ZL 200310121380.6 patents of invention to be prepared, the aluminum concentration by adjusting electrolytic solution or adjust the concentration of reactive chlorine among the PACC that electrolysis time can obtain to expect and the concentration of aluminium; In addition, the polymerize aluminum chloride that can select to have certain basicity has certain content Al as electrolytic solution 13Under the condition of form, adjust electrolysis time, Al in PACC 13Under the situation that form remains unchanged, obtain the concentration of reactive chlorine different among the PACC.Active chlorine content is 4~8g/L among the PACC, and total aluminium concentration content is 1.35~5.4g/L, Al 13Form content accounts for 60~90% of total aluminium content.
Method based on heavy metal cyano complex in the removal waste water of economic benefits and social benefits polymerize aluminum chloride (PACC) of the present invention:
According to containing the Me that concentration is 0.1mmol/L (CN) in the former water 4 2-The pH value of former water is adjusted to 10~12 with mineral alkali, use economic benefits and social benefits polymerize aluminum chlorides (PACC) as medicament, add economic benefits and social benefits polymerize aluminum chloride (PACC), making the total aluminium content of economic benefits and social benefits polymerize aluminum chloride (PACC) in former water is that 12~192mgAl/L, active chlorine content are 71~142mg Cl 2/ L stirs then fast, stirs (time of Jiao Baning was generally 5~40 minutes at a slow speed) afterwards at a slow speed; Stir (time of Jiao Baning was generally 5~40 minutes at a slow speed) more at a slow speed after the pH value of water is adjusted to 7~9 with mineral acid, at last quiescent setting.After above-mentioned processing, can realize that oxidizing, flocculating removes Me and CN in the water synchronously -, water outlet Me and CN -Concentration be lower than existing " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB 8978-1996).
The dosage of PACC is mainly removed the amount calculating of the required reactive chlorine of prussiate, the CN of complete oxidation 1mol according to two stage complete oxidations -At least the reactive chlorine that needs 2.5mol, but the too high meeting of reactive chlorine causes waste, and therefore the dosage of described PACC is: reactive chlorine is 71~142mg Cl 2/ L, total aluminium content are 12~192mg Al/L.
Described Me mainly is selected from Cu 2+, Zn 2+, Ni 2+, Cd 2+And pb 2+Deng in one or more.
Active chlorine content in the described economic benefits and social benefits polymerize aluminum chloride is 4~8g/L, and total aluminium concentration content is 1.35~5.4g/L, Al 13Form content accounts for 60~90% of total aluminium content.
The speed of described quick stirring is generally 200~300rpm.
The time of described quick stirring was generally 2~5 minutes.
The described speed that stirs at a slow speed is generally 20~40rpm.
The time of described quiescent setting was generally 30~60 minutes.
Described mineral acid is selected from one or more in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and the nitric acid etc.
Described mineral alkali is selected from one or more in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and the calcium hydroxide etc.
Technical characterstic of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the present invention is to contain high-load Al 13The PACC of form and reactive chlorine is as medicament, alkaline chlorination process in the heavy metal cyano complex water technology and coagulation removal heavy metal link are united two into one, not only reached and removed the cyanogen contact break and close but also realized the purpose that heavy metal is removed synchronously, shortened water treatment technological process, having improved efficient, is the technology of the novel removing heavy metals cyano complex of a kind of economical and effective, convenient and swift, easy handling.
(2) the present invention adopts and has high-content Al 13The PACC of form is as flocculation agent, and adaptability is strong, efficient stable, and removing heavy metals efficient height, more common polymerize aluminum chloride removing heavy metals effect improves more than 10%.
The method of the removing heavy metals cyano complex that (3) the present invention relates to is applicable to the processing of the trade effluent that contains this pollutent, removes dewater in the water middle Me and CN according to method of the present invention -, water outlet Me and CN -Concentration be lower than existing " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB 8978-1996).
Embodiment
Embodiment 1.
Adopt tap water to prepare former water, Ni in the former water (CN) 4 2-Concentration be 0.1mmol/L.The PACC that selects for use: total aluminium content is that 5g/L, active chlorine content are 8.0g/L, Al 13Form content accounts for 80% of total aluminium content.The pH value of former water is adjusted to 11 with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, adds PACC, the content that to make the total aluminium content in the former water be 60mg Al/L, reactive chlorine is 96mg Cl 2/ L carries out stir speed (S.S.) and is the quick stirring 3 minutes of 250rpm after the dispensing, carry out stir speed (S.S.) afterwards and be the stirring at a slow speed 10 minutes of 30rpm; The pH value of water is adjusted to sulfuric acid carries out the stirring at a slow speed 30 minutes that stir speed (S.S.) is 30rpm, last quiescent setting 40 minutes after 8 again.After above-mentioned processing, can realize that oxidizing, flocculating removes heavy metal cyano complex in the water synchronously, the total nickel of water outlet all is lower than existing " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB8978-1996) with the concentration of total cyanogen.
Embodiment 2.
Adopt tap water to prepare former water, Zn in the former water (CN) 4 2-Concentration be 0.1mmol/L.The PACC that selects for use: total aluminium content is that 1.4g/L, active chlorine content are 4.0g/L, Al 13Form content accounts for 80% of total aluminium content.The pH value of former water is adjusted to 10 with potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, adds PACC, the content that to make the total aluminium content in the former water be 48mg Al/L, reactive chlorine is 137mg Cl 2/ L, carry out stir speed (S.S.) after the dispensing and be the quick stirring 2 minutes of 260rpm, carry out stir speed (S.S.) afterwards and be the stirring at a slow speed 15 minutes of 30rpm, the pH value of water is adjusted to hydrochloric acid carries out the stirring at a slow speed 25 minutes that stir speed (S.S.) is 30rpm, last quiescent setting 50 minutes after 7.5 again.After above-mentioned processing, can realize that oxidizing, flocculating removes heavy metal cyano complex in the water synchronously, the total zinc of water outlet all is lower than existing " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB 8978-1996) with the concentration of total cyanogen.
Embodiment 3.
Adopt tap water to prepare former water, Pb in the former water (CN) 4 2-Concentration be 0.1mmol/L.The PACC that selects for use: total aluminium content is that 5g/L, active chlorine content are 5g/L, Al 13Form content accounts for 80% of total aluminium content.The pH value of former water is adjusted to 12 with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, adds PACC, the content that to make the total aluminium content in the former water be 140mg Al/L, reactive chlorine is 140mg Cl 2/ L, carry out stir speed (S.S.) after the dispensing and be the quick stirring 4 minutes of 200rpm, carry out stir speed (S.S.) afterwards and be the stirring at a slow speed 15 minutes of 30rpm, the pH value of water is adjusted to nitric acid carries out the stirring at a slow speed 20 minutes that stir speed (S.S.) is 25rpm, last quiescent setting 45 minutes after 8 again.After above-mentioned processing, can realize that oxidizing, flocculating removes heavy metal cyano complex in the water synchronously, the total plumbous concentration with total cyanogen of water outlet all is lower than existing " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB 8978-1996).
Embodiment 4.
Adopt tap water to prepare former water, Cd in the former water (CN) 4 2-Concentration be 0.1mmol/L.The PACC that selects for use: total aluminium content is that 5.4g/L, active chlorine content are 7.0g/L, Al 13Form content accounts for 60% of total aluminium content.The pH value of former water is adjusted to 12 with potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, adds PACC, the content that to make the total aluminium content in the former water be 70mg Al/L, reactive chlorine is 91mg Cl 2/ L, carry out stir speed (S.S.) after the dispensing and be the quick stirring 3 minutes of 300rpm, carry out stir speed (S.S.) afterwards and be the stirring at a slow speed 5 minutes of 30rpm, the pH value of water is adjusted to nitric acid carries out the stirring at a slow speed 40 minutes that stir speed (S.S.) is 25rpm, last quiescent setting 45 minutes after 9 again.After above-mentioned processing, can realize that oxidizing, flocculating removes heavy metal cyano complex in the water synchronously, the total cadmium of water outlet all is lower than existing " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB 8978-1996) with the concentration of total cyanogen.
Embodiment 5.
Adopt tap water to prepare former water, Cu in the former water (CN) 3 2-Concentration be 0.1mmol/L.The PACC that selects for use: total aluminium content is that 2.7g/L, active chlorine content are 6.0g/L, Al 13Form content accounts for 80% of total aluminium content.The pH value of former water is adjusted to 10 with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, adds PACC, the content that to make the total aluminium content in the former water be 32mg Al/L, reactive chlorine is 71mg Cl 2/ L, carry out stir speed (S.S.) after the dispensing and be the quick stirring 5 minutes of 200rpm, carry out stir speed (S.S.) afterwards and be the stirring at a slow speed 5 minutes of 30rpm, the pH value of water is adjusted to the mixed solution (volume ratio is 1: 1) of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid carries out the stirring at a slow speed 20 minutes that stir speed (S.S.) is 25rpm, last quiescent setting 40 minutes after 7 again.After above-mentioned processing, can realize that oxidizing, flocculating removes heavy metal cyano complex in the water synchronously, the total copper of water outlet all is lower than existing " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB 8978-1996) with the concentration of total cyanogen.
Embodiment 6.
Adopt tap water to prepare former water, CN in the former water -Concentration is 0.3mmol, Cu in the water +, Zn 2+, Ni 2+, Cd 2+, pb 2+Concentration respectively be 0.04mmol/L.The PACC that selects for use: total aluminium content is that 2g/L, active chlorine content are 5.0g/L, Al 13Form content accounts for 80% of total aluminium content.The pH value of former water is adjusted to 11 with calcium hydroxide aqueous solution, adds PACC, the content that to make the total aluminium content in the former water be 30mg Al/L, reactive chlorine is 75mg Cl 2/ L, carry out stir speed (S.S.) after the dispensing and be the quick stirring 5 minutes of 200rpm, carry out stir speed (S.S.) afterwards and be the stirring at a slow speed 10 minutes of 20rpm, the pH value of water is adjusted to hydrochloric acid carries out the stirring at a slow speed 25 minutes that stir speed (S.S.) is 25rpm, last quiescent setting 30 minutes after 8.5 again.After above-mentioned processing, can realize that oxidizing, flocculating removes heavy metal cyano complex in the water synchronously, the total copper of water outlet, total zinc, total nickel, total cadmium, total plumbous concentration with total cyanogen all are lower than existing " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB 8978-1996).
Embodiment 7.
Adopt tap water to prepare former water, CN in the former water -Concentration is 0.5mmol, Cu in the water +, Zn 2+, Ni 2+, Cd 2+, pb 2+Concentration respectively be 0.04mmol/L.The PACC that selects for use: total aluminium content is that 2g/L, active chlorine content are 4.0g/L, Al 13Form content accounts for 90% of total aluminium content.The pH value of former water is adjusted to 12 with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, adds PACC, the content that to make the total aluminium content in the former water be 75mg Al/L, reactive chlorine is 150mg Cl 2/ L, carry out stir speed (S.S.) after the dispensing and be the quick stirring 2 minutes of 300rpm, carry out stir speed (S.S.) afterwards and be the stirring at a slow speed 15 minutes of 30rpm, the pH value of water is adjusted to the mixed solution (volume ratio is 1: 1) of sulfuric acid and nitric acid carries out the stirring at a slow speed 30 minutes that stir speed (S.S.) is 25rpm, last quiescent setting 45 minutes after 7.5 again.After above-mentioned processing, can realize that oxidizing, flocculating removes heavy metal cyano complex in the water synchronously, the total copper of water outlet, total zinc, total nickel, total cadmium, total plumbous concentration with total cyanogen all are lower than existing " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB 8978-1996).
Embodiment 8.
Adopt tap water to prepare former water, CN in the former water -Concentration is 0.8mmol, Zn in the former water 2+, Ni 2+, Cd 2+Concentration respectively be 0.04mmol/L.The PACC that selects for use: total aluminium content is that 3g/L, active chlorine content are 4.0g/L, Al 13Form content accounts for 70% of total aluminium content.The pH value of former water is adjusted to 10 with the mixed solution (volume ratio is 1: 1) of calcium hydroxide aqueous solution and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, adds PACC, the content that to make the total aluminium content in the former water be 150mg Al/L, reactive chlorine is 200mg Cl 2/ L, carry out stir speed (S.S.) after the dispensing and be the quick stirring 3 minutes of 300rpm, carry out stir speed (S.S.) afterwards and be the stirring at a slow speed 15 minutes of 30rpm, the pH value of water is adjusted to hydrochloric acid carries out the stirring at a slow speed 30 minutes that stir speed (S.S.) is 25rpm, last quiescent setting 30 minutes after 8 again.After above-mentioned processing, can realize that oxidizing, flocculating removes heavy metal cyano complex in the water synchronously, the total zinc of water outlet, total nickel, total cadmium all are lower than existing " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB 8978-1996) with the concentration of total cyanogen.
Embodiment 9.
Adopt certain smelter waste water as former water, CN in the former water -Concentration is 28.5mg/L, Cu in the former water +, Zn 2+, Ni 2+, Cd 2+, Pb 2+Concentration be respectively 196.65mg/L, 14.03mg/L, 21.97mg/L, 26.17mg/L, 7.15mg/L.
The PACC that selects for use: total aluminium content is that 3g/L, active chlorine content are 5.0g/L, Al 13Form content accounts for 80% of total aluminium content.The pH value of former water is adjusted to 11 with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, adds PACC, the content that to make the total aluminium content in the former water be 160mg Al/L, reactive chlorine is 267mg Cl 2/ L, carry out stir speed (S.S.) after the dispensing and be the quick stirring 4 minutes of 250rpm, carry out stir speed (S.S.) afterwards and be the stirring at a slow speed 10 minutes of 40rpm, the pH value of water is adjusted to sulfuric acid carries out the stirring at a slow speed 30 minutes that stir speed (S.S.) is 30rpm, last quiescent setting 60 minutes after 9 again.After above-mentioned processing, can realize that oxidizing, flocculating removes heavy metal cyano complex in the water synchronously, the total copper of water outlet, total zinc, total nickel, total cadmium, total plumbous concentration with total cyanogen all are lower than existing " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB 8978-1996).
Embodiment 10.
Adopt certain electroplating enterprise waste water as former water, CN in the former water -Concentration is 21.6mg/L, Cu in the former water +, Zn 2+, Ni 2+, Cd 2+Concentration be respectively 31.59mg/L, 9.03mg/L, 56.07mg/L, 8.26mg/L.
The PACC that selects for use: total aluminium content is that 4g/L, active chlorine content are 6.0g/L, Al 13Form content accounts for 90% of total aluminium content.The pH value of former water is adjusted to 10.5 with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, adds PACC, the content that to make the total aluminium content in the former water be 100mg Al/L, reactive chlorine is 150mg Cl 2/ L, carry out stir speed (S.S.) after the dispensing and be the quick stirring 3 minutes of 250rpm, carry out stir speed (S.S.) afterwards and be the stirring at a slow speed 10 minutes of 35rpm, the pH value of water is adjusted to hydrochloric acid carries out the stirring at a slow speed 30 minutes that stir speed (S.S.) is 25rpm, last quiescent setting 50 minutes after 8.5 again.After above-mentioned processing, can realize that oxidizing, flocculating removes heavy metal cyano complex in the water synchronously, the total copper of water outlet, total zinc, total nickel, total cadmium all are lower than existing " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB 8978-1996) with the concentration of total cyanogen.

Claims (8)

1. method based on heavy metal cyano complex in the removal waste water of economic benefits and social benefits polymerize aluminum chloride is characterized in that:
According to containing the Me that concentration is 0.1mmol/L (CN) in the former water 4 2-, the pH value of former water is adjusted to 10~12 with mineral alkali, add economic benefits and social benefits polymerize aluminum chloride as medicament, making the total aluminium content of economic benefits and social benefits polymerize aluminum chloride in former water is that 12~192mg Al/L, active chlorine content are 71~142mg Cl 2/ L stirs then fast, stirs at a slow speed afterwards; Stir at a slow speed again after the pH value of water is adjusted to 7~9 with mineral acid, behind the quiescent setting, realize that oxidizing, flocculating removes Me and CN in the water synchronously -
Described Me is selected from Cu 2+, Zn 2+, Ni 2+, Cd 2+And pb 2+In one or more.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the active chlorine content in the described economic benefits and social benefits polymerize aluminum chloride is 4~8g/L, and total aluminium concentration content is 1.35~5.4g/L, Al 13Form content accounts for 60~90% of total aluminium content.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the speed of described quick stirring is 200~300rpm.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that: the time of described quick stirring is 2~5 minutes.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described speed that stirs at a slow speed is 20~40rpm.
6. method according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that: the described time of stirring at a slow speed is 5~40 minutes.
7. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described mineral acid is selected from one or more in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and the nitric acid.
8. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described mineral alkali is selected from one or more in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and the calcium hydroxide.
CN2012100208922A 2012-01-30 2012-01-30 Method for removing heavy metal cyanogen complex in waste water based on double-effect polymerization of aluminum chloride Pending CN103224272A (en)

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CN110759445A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-02-07 北京环球中科水务科技有限公司 High-efficient heavy metal Pb of getting rid of in water2+Preparation method of coagulant

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105540917A (en) * 2015-12-15 2016-05-04 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Decyanation method of blast furnace gas washing water
CN110759445A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-02-07 北京环球中科水务科技有限公司 High-efficient heavy metal Pb of getting rid of in water2+Preparation method of coagulant

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Application publication date: 20130731