CN103222389A

CN103222389A - Culture method of Tie Guanyin high-yield seed seedling

Info

Publication number: CN103222389A
Application number: CN2013101921729A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林玉瑜
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-05-22
Filing date: 2013-05-22
Publication date: 2013-07-31
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-22
Also published as: CN103222389B

Abstract

The invention provides a culture method of a Tie Guanyin high-yield seed seedling, and the culture method comprises the following steps of: selecting a Tie Guanyin tea tree with age more than 5 years and sprouts in purple red colors as a seed tree for cultivation in soil with a nitrogenous mean value higher than 1.5 g/kg, an alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen mean value higher than 150.00 g/kg and a pH value between 4 and 6; fertilizing the seed tree in spring with continuous rainfall more than one week, selecting verdant and healthy branches without disease and pest injury and picking off terminal buds after 5-8 days, cutting by scissoring current-year new branches with lengths of 3-8 cm and lower middle parts in brownish red empurpled colors as cutting shoot branches after 10-15 days; controlling the temperature of cut cultured seedlings at 20-30 DEG C, and controlling the relative humidity at 70%-85%; selecting small strains with better conditions and longest roots achieving more than 10 centimeters again after the cut cultured seedlings are cultured for 1 year to culture into new seed strains; and repeating the culture, fertilizing and cutting the cultured seedlings for more than three times to obtain a Tie Guanyin high-yield tea tree variety with the sprouts in reddish brown colors and leaf tail ends bent into a birthday peach shape.

Description

A kind of breeding method of extra-strong tea high yield seedling

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of high-yield plant seedling, be specifically related to a kind of breeding method of extra-strong tea high yield seedling.

Background technology

Extra-strong tea originates in Quanzhou City, Fujian Province Anxi County, belongs to oolong tea, is one of Chinese ten famous tea.Iron Guanyin belongs to the semi-fermented tea class between green tea and black tea, have unique delicate fragrance.Extra-strong tea contains higher amino acid, vitamin, mineral matter, Tea Polyphenols and alkaloid, and multiple nutrients and effective component are arranged, and except the health care with general tealeaves, also has anti-ageing, anticancer disease, anti arteriosclerosis, prevents and treats effects such as diabetes.

Because the Tie Guanyin tea plant nature are delicate, output is little, so that the saying of " Iron Guanyin is drunk bad planting well " has been arranged.In the prior art, the cold resistance of Iron Guanyin seedling and diseases and insect pests resistance deficiency cause the output of extra-strong tea to be in reduced levels all the time, and the quality that becomes to sample tea is also not high enough.In order to promote the yield and quality of extra-strong tea, be necessary to propose a kind of breeding method of new Iron Guanyin seedling, help Iron Guanyin plant husbandry and tea grower to obtain bigger economic interests.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to: a kind of breeding method of Iron Guanyin high yield seedling is provided, extra-strong tea output can be significantly improved.

Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of breeding method of Iron Guanyin high yield seedling is provided, may further comprise the steps:

1) selection of nurturing an environment

The nitrogenous average of soil is higher than 1.5g/kg, the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen average is higher than 150.00g/kg, pH value between 4～6, is made of sandstone class clay, does not have metal or non-metal mine on every side, does not have pesticide residual contamination;

2) selection of elite stand

Select the age of tree more than 5 years, healthy and strong, the branch of pure, the well developed root system of strain, trunk sturdy full, blade is plump, bud be mauve Tie Guanyin tea plant as elite stand, in the described environment of step 1), cultivate; Be strong period of the green grass or young crops of tea tree this period, and self reaches maturity tea tree;

3) cuttage and seedling culture

Reaching above rainy season in spring in a week to step 2 in continuous rainfall) elite stand cultivated topdresses, choose the branch of verdant sturdy, healthy growth, no damage by disease and insect after 5～8 days, pluck terminal bud, through 10～15 days, treat the tender shoots semi-lignified, be yellow green, when axillalry bud is full, therefrom cut shoot then that 3～8cm, middle and lower part be reddish brown blue color as the plugged ear branch, carry out cuttage; The temperature of cuttage and seedling culture is controlled at 20～30 ℃, relative moisture is controlled at 70～85%, cottage breeding choose once more after 1 year product mutually better, the little strain that reaches more than 10 centimeters of the longest root cultivates into new maternal plant, repeat above-mentioned cultivation, topdress and cuttage and seedling culture process more than three times, finally obtaining bud is the crooked Iron Guanyin high yield tea tree breed as the peach offered as a birthday present shape of rufous, blade tail end.

In a kind of preferred version of the method for the invention, the described soil pH value of step 1) is between 4.3～5.1.

In the another kind of preferred version of the method for the invention, the described soil pH value of step 1) is between 5～6.

The described soil of step 1) of the present invention preferably is made of the sandstone class clay that laterite, loess, decomposed rock form.

The temperature of the described cuttage and seedling culture of step 3) of the present invention preferably is controlled at 24～26 ℃, and relative moisture preferably is controlled at 75～80%; Temperature most preferably is controlled at 25 ℃, and relative moisture most preferably is controlled at 78%.Suitable temperature and humidity can be impelled the shoot root growth, can control and avoid simultaneously insect pest to take place.

The Tie Guanyin tea plant kind that breeding method of the present invention obtains, the inventor is with its called after " No. one, red bud "." No. one, the red bud " of new training the region between the heart and the diaphragm has characteristics such as polygerm high yield, nutritious, disease and insect resistance, and area plantation between suitable height above sea level 300～1500m exceeds more than 80% than the tea yield of existing common Tie Guanyin tea plant, and quality also is better than similar tea tree greatly.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

" No. one, red bud " seed cultivation method may further comprise the steps:

1) environmental selection:

Select Fujian to wear the high mountain geology and the climatic environment of Yunshan Mountain arteries and veins snow mountain rock uniqueness, this area's fertile soil, nitrogenous average reaches 1.88g/kg; Strong for the nitrogen ability, the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen average reaches 169.66g/kg, and the sandstone class clay that is formed by laterite, loess, decomposed rock constitutes, the pH value is subacidity between 5～6, be rich in organic matter, be rich in growth of tea plant such as iron, copper must and to human body beneficial's element, need not use chemical fertilizer substantially.Do not have metal or non-metal mine on every side, do not have pesticide residual contamination, have higher soil fertility and productivity simultaneously, soil quality meets the quality standard of organic food.Away from city and industrial area and among high mountain, the green hill encircled in periphery was hundreds of, and through two-stage environmental administration of provinces and cities repeated detection, its environmental quality reaches the primary standard of CB30-98-82, air, water, soil are all keeping best ecological level, possess good ecotope.

2) selection of elite stand

In hundreds thousand of strain tea trees, choose hundreds of strain age of trees in that (be strong period of the green grass or young crops of tea tree this period more than 5 years, self reaches maturity tea tree), strain is pure, well developed root system, trunk is healthy and strong, and branch is sturdy full, the blade plumpness, bud is mauve tea tree as elite stand (ratio nearly ten thousand/), in plantation and the selected environment of step 1);

3) cuttage and seedling culture

In continuous rainfall reach one the week more than rainy season in spring, to step 2) elite stand selected topdresses, after 5 days, choose the branch of verdant sturdy, healthy growth, no damage by disease and insect, pluck terminal bud, through 10～15 days, treat the tender shoots semi-lignified, be yellow green, when axillalry bud is full, therefrom cut the plugged ear branch, the fringe bar is generally about 5 centimeters, the shoot then that the middle and lower part is reddish brown blue color carries out cuttage; The temperature of cuttage and seedling culture is controlled at about 25 ℃, relative moisture 78%, behind the cottage breeding 1 year, it is mutually better to choose product once more, new maternal plant is cultivated in the little strain of well developed root system (the longest root reaches more than 10 centimeters), repeat above-mentioned cultivation, topdress and cuttage and seedling culture process five times, finally obtaining bud is the crooked Iron Guanyin high yield tea tree breed as the peach offered as a birthday present shape of rufous, blade tail end.

Claims

1. the breeding method of an Iron Guanyin high yield seedling may further comprise the steps:

1) selection of nurturing an environment

2) selection of elite stand and cultivation

Select the age of tree more than 5 years, healthy and strong, the branch of pure, the well developed root system of strain, trunk sturdy full, blade is plump, bud be mauve Tie Guanyin tea plant as elite stand, in the described environment of step 1), cultivate;

3) cuttage and seedling culture

2. the described seed cultivation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the nitrogenous average of the described soil of step 1) reaches 1.88g/kg; The alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen average reaches 169.66g/kg.

3. the described seed cultivation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described soil pH value of step 1) is between 4.3～5.1.

4. the described seed cultivation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described soil pH value of step 1) is between 5～6.

5. the described seed cultivation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described soil of step 1), the sandstone class clay that is formed by laterite, loess, decomposed rock constitutes.

6. the described seed cultivation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the temperature of step 3) cuttage and seedling culture is controlled at 24～26 ℃, and relative moisture is controlled at 75～80%.

7. the described seed cultivation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the temperature of step 3) cuttage and seedling culture is controlled at 25 ℃, and relative moisture is controlled at 78%.