CN103218514A - 一种坛紫菜藻场退化程度测定方法 - Google Patents

一种坛紫菜藻场退化程度测定方法 Download PDF

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CN103218514A
CN103218514A CN2013100921844A CN201310092184A CN103218514A CN 103218514 A CN103218514 A CN 103218514A CN 2013100921844 A CN2013100921844 A CN 2013100921844A CN 201310092184 A CN201310092184 A CN 201310092184A CN 103218514 A CN103218514 A CN 103218514A
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谢潮添
陈昌生
纪德华
徐燕
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FUJIAN PROVINCE PINGTAN COUNTY AQUATIC PRODUCT BREEDING EXPERIMENT CO., LTD.
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Abstract

一种坛紫菜藻场退化程度测定方法，涉及坛紫菜。提供快速、准确的一种坛紫菜藻场退化程度测定方法。对拟测定的坛紫菜藻场进行生物群落结构调查，获取藻场内坛紫菜的覆盖度C、坛紫菜的平均生物量B和藻场的生物多样性指数H’3个指标；对获取的3个指标进行标准化，获得各指标的标准化分值；根据坛紫菜藻场的退化诊断模型F=α·SC+β·SB+γ·SH’，计算坛紫菜藻场退化程度评价指数F；根据诊断模型计算所得的藻场退化程度评价指数F，比对坛紫菜藻场退化程度及特征描述，确定藻场的退化程度。技术指标简单，经过在多地的实践检验，可以对坛紫菜藻场进行快速、准确的诊断和测定，可以为后续的藻场生态修复提供准确的依据。

Description

一种坛紫菜藻场退化程度测定方法
技术领域
本发明涉及坛紫菜，尤其是涉及一种坛紫菜藻场退化程度测定方法。
背景技术
坛紫菜藻场是我国南方沿海潮间带以坛紫菜为支持生物而形成的一类独特的近岸生物群落，在沿岸海域发挥众多的生态机能。但自20世纪80年代以来，随沿海地区工农业的高速发展和新兴城市群的建立，各种废水大量排放引起的陆源污染剧增，沿海岩礁带无节制、不规范的炸石取材和开挖筑池，以及人为的滥采等，导致海岸带的天然坛紫菜藻场面积锐减，且面临严重退化、枯竭和不易恢复的危险(见文献：章守宇，孙宏超.海藻场生态系统及其工程学研究进展.应用生态学报，2007,18（7）：1647-1653)。这对近岸海洋生物多样性的保护和海洋生态系统的正常运转造成了严重威胁。因此，针对坛紫菜藻场存在的问题，通过人工或半人工的方式，修复或重建正在衰退或已经消失的原天然坛紫菜藻场，是当前推动海洋生物多样性保护，维护海洋生态系统平衡的一项紧迫性工作。而生物群落退化程度诊断是进行生物群落恢复与重建的基础和前提（见文献：杜晓军，高贤明，马克平.生态系统退化程度诊断：生态恢复的基础与前提.植物生态学报，2003,27（5）：700-708）。
由于坛紫菜藻场主要分布于我国南方沿海潮间带中高潮区的岩礁上，呈斑块分布。该区域是海陆相互作用最为激烈的地区，生物种类较为贫乏；而且很多水体污染指标（氮、磷）往往是坛紫菜藻场发育的促进指标。因此已有的陆相和海相生物群落退化诊断技术均不适用于坛紫菜藻场的退化诊断（见文献：孟伟.海岸带生境退化诊断技术.科学出版社，2009）。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供快速、准确的一种坛紫菜藻场退化程度测定方法。
本发明包括以下步骤：
1）对拟测定的坛紫菜藻场根据《海洋调查规范第9部分：海洋生态调查指南》（GB/T12763.9—2007）进行生物群落结构调查，获取藻场内坛紫菜的覆盖度（C）、坛紫菜的平均生物量（B）和藻场的生物多样性指数（H’）三个指标；
2）对步骤1）获取的3个指标参照表1进行标准化，获得各指标的标准化分值；
表1
3）根据坛紫菜藻场的退化诊断模型F=α·SC+βSSB+γSSH’，计算坛紫菜藻场退化程度评价指数F，式中：F为坛紫菜藻场退化程度评价指数；SC,SB,SH’分别为坛紫菜藻场覆盖度，坛紫菜生物量和生物多样性指数的标准化值；α，β，γ为权重值，分别赋值0.4，0.4和0.2，且α+β+γ=1；
4）根据诊断模型计算所得的藻场退化程度评价指数F，比对表2所示坛紫菜藻场退化程度及特征描述，确定藻场的退化程度。
表2
Figure BDA00002946105300022
本发明的技术方案是对拟测定的坛紫菜藻场根据《海洋调查规范第9部分：海洋生态调查指南》（GB/T12763.9—2007）进行生物群落结构调查，获取藻场内坛紫菜的覆盖度、坛紫菜的平均生物量和藻场的生物多样性指数三个指标，并对各指标进行标准化后，根据退化诊断模型，计算坛紫菜藻场的退化程度评价指数，最后根据评价指数比对坛紫菜藻场退化程度及特征描述表确定藻场的退化程度。本发明可用于我国南方沿海潮间带坛紫菜藻场的退化程度诊断，也可用于潮间带其它大型海藻场的退化程度诊断。
由此，本发明根据坛紫菜藻场的特点以及在南方沿海各地坛紫菜藻场退化诊断的实际检验效果，建立了坛紫菜藻场退化诊断与测定技术。
本发明具有如下优点：（1）技术指标简单，经过在多地的实践检验，可以对坛紫菜藻场进行快速、准确的诊断和测定。（2）本发明是一个定性与定量相结合的诊断与测定技术，可以为后续的藻场生态修复提供准确的依据。
具体实施方式
以下以福建省东山县南屿岛和苏峰山坛紫菜藻场为例，对本发明作进一步的说明。
具体步骤如下：
1、对东山县南屿和苏峰两个坛紫菜藻场根据《海洋调查规范第9部分：海洋生态调查指南》（GB/T12763.9—2007）进行生物群落结构调查，获得的各指标值如表3所示。
表3
2、根据获得的各指标值，参照表1进行标准化，获得各指标的标准化分值（表3）。
3、根据坛紫菜藻场的退化诊断模型（1），计算获得各坛紫菜藻场的退化程度评价指数（F）（表3）；
4、根据诊断模型计算所得的藻场退化程度评价指数（F），比对坛紫菜藻场退化程度及特征描述表（表2）确定确定苏峰坛紫菜藻场的退化程度为轻度退化，而南屿坛紫菜藻场的退化程度为重度退化。

Claims (1)

1.一种坛紫菜藻场退化程度测定方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
1）对拟测定的坛紫菜藻场根据《海洋调查规范第9部分：海洋生态调查指南》（GB/T12763.9—2007）进行生物群落结构调查，获取藻场内坛紫菜的覆盖度C、坛紫菜的平均生物量B和藻场的生物多样性指数H’3个指标；
2）对步骤1）获取的3个指标参照表1进行标准化，获得各指标的标准化分值；
表1
3）根据坛紫菜藻场的退化诊断模型F=α·SC+β·SB+γ·SH’，计算坛紫菜藻场退化程度评价指数F，式中：F为坛紫菜藻场退化程度评价指数；SC,SB,SH’分别为坛紫菜藻场覆盖度，坛紫菜生物量和生物多样性指数的标准化值；α，β，γ为权重值，分别赋值0.4，0.4和0.2，且α+β+γ=1；
4）根据诊断模型计算所得的藻场退化程度评价指数F，比对表2：
表2
Figure FDA00002946105200012
所示坛紫菜藻场退化程度及特征描述，确定藻场的退化程度。
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