CN103215436B - Block refractory iron ore shaft furnace magnetizing roast different grain size hierarchical processing method - Google Patents
Block refractory iron ore shaft furnace magnetizing roast different grain size hierarchical processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of block refractory iron ore shaft furnace magnetizing roast different grain size hierarchical processing method, to solve in low-grade massive iron ore magnetizing roast process, what occur owing to particle size range difference is relatively big crosses reduction and deficient reduction problem, the present invention is by rationally determining the bed depth of iron ore particle size range and shaft roasting, by varigrained iron ore according to following classification, 15��40mm grade, 40��60mm grade, 60��75mm grade; Then magnetizing roast process is carried out respectively so that each grade iron ore reaches identical roasting effect, improves the metal recovery rate after iron ore roasting, decreases the energy consumption of shaft furnace, improves roasting quality, reduces production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of beneficiation, relate to the method for shaft furnace magnetizing roast iron mine, specifically block refractory iron ore shaft furnace magnetizing roast different grain size hierarchical processing method.
Background technology
Dissimilar iron ore dressing property difference is bigger, wherein there is considerable a part of iron ore complex due to processing characteristics, adopt the combined sorting of the magnetic separation of routine, gravity preparation, flotation or three of the above Combination of Methods, all can not get good mineral processing index, and adopt magnetizing roast-magnetic method usually to process the most effectual way of the difficult ore dressings such as low-grade ferric oxide ore. Its process mainly has shaft furnace gas base magnetizing roast, the coal-based magnetizing roast of rotary kiln and boiling furnace gas base magnetizing roast.
The subject matter existed when magnetizing roast 15 ~ 100mm massive iron ore has:
(1) the iron ore particle size range 15 ~ 100mm of magnetizing roast is excessive, causes there is little grade lump ore in magnetizing roast process and cross reduction, and big grade lump ore owes the phenomenon of reduction.
(2) in iron ore magnetizing roast, the iron ore of big granularity is less due to specific surface area, thus iron ore and reducing agent (CO and H2Deng) touch opportunity few, its reduction process carries out comparatively slow, and the yield causing shaft roasting is relatively low;
(3) during massive iron ore magnetizing roast, owing to the reduction degree on top layer is higher than heart portion, there is top layer and the internal phenomenon that also proper mass is uneven, and lump ore granularity is bigger, the phenomenon of reduction inequality is more serious;
Problem above all can cause the energy consumption of shaft roasting to increase, metal recovery rate is low, and the iron concentrate grade after magnetic separation is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of block refractory iron ore shaft furnace magnetizing roast different grain size hierarchical processing method, to solve iron ore magnetizing roast process is reduced problem uneven, that improve the iron concentrate grade after metal recovery rate and magnetic separation.
The present invention processes the above Ore of granularity 15mm and adopts shaft furnace lump ore magnetizing roast technology. The particle size range of block refractory iron ore is 15��75mm. In iron ore shaft furnace magnetizing roast, for making the iron ore of above-mentioned each size fraction ranges have identical roasting effect in same shaft furnace during magnetizing roast, along with the iron ore granularity of each size fraction ranges increases, correspondingly increase roasting time, improve sintering temperature and increase the measure of bringing-up section thickness of feed layer, make varigrained iron ore heart table reducing degree homogenization. The technical scheme taked is as follows: block refractory iron ore shaft furnace magnetizing roast different grain size hierarchical processing method, and according to following classification and varigrained iron ore is carried out magnetizing roast process:
1. 15��40mm size fraction ranges: roasting time 4��5h, sintering temperature is 650��680 DEG C, and bringing-up section thickness of feed layer is 1.2��1.4m;
2. 40��60mm size fraction ranges: roasting time 6��7h, sintering temperature is 680��720 DEG C, and bringing-up section thickness of feed layer is 1.4��1.5m;
3. 60��75mm size fraction ranges: roasting time 8��9h, sintering temperature is 720��750 DEG C, and bringing-up section thickness of feed layer is 1.5��1.7m.
As a further improvement on the present invention: the bed depth in shaft furnace is as follows, magnetized layer height is 3.0��3.3m, and cooling layer height is 3.0��3.2m. Iron ore reducing atmosphere in magnetizing roast is CO2+H2Concentration of volume percent be 2��4%.
The solution of the present invention is further discussed below:
(1) ultimate principle of iron ore magnetizing roast
The main purpose of iron ore magnetizing roast is by the bloodstone (Fe of weak magnetic2O3) it is reduced into ferromagnetic iron mine (Fe3O4), enable it to sort on the magnetic separator of low magnetic field intensity sorting strongly magnetic mineral, to reach to improve the purpose of metal recovery rate. The principle of magnetic differentiation roasting has three kinds: reduction roasting, neutral roasting and oxidizing roasting. Reduction roasting is primarily used to process bloodstone (Fe2O3) and oxidizing aqueous Ore; Neutral roasting is in order to increase the magnetic of siderite; Oxidizing roasting is used for increasing pyritic magnetic.
Reduction roasting is the method carrying out roasting with appropriate reducing agent. Conventional reducing agent has CO2��H2��CO��CH4Deng. These reducing agents are primarily present in coal gas, and its main chemical reactions is as follows:
3Fe2O3+C=2Fe3O4+CO��
3Fe2O3+CO=2Fe3O4+CO2��
3Fe2O3+H2=2Fe3O4+H2O
12Fe2O3+CH4=8Fe3O4+CO2��+2H2O
(2) structure of iron ore magnetic roasting shaft furnace
Magnetic roasting shaft furnace top is preheating zone, and middle part is heating tape, and bottom is zone of reduction, has a narrow furnace bosh in the middle part of burner hearth, and fire hole is led in furnace bosh bottom, and with stove both sides combustion chamber, combustor is provided with coal gas burner and connects with heating gas. Having coal gas ejection tower on the furnace bottom of zone of reduction bottom, each tower has the outer reducing gas supervisor of independent pipeline and stove to connect. Lower furnace both sides are provided with the deslagging funnel discharging slag. Furnace bottom both sides are respectively provided with four ore discharge roll-type ore discharge machines discharging roasted product.
(3) production process of iron ore magnetizing roast
The reducing roasting process of iron ore substantially can be divided into heating, reduces, cool down for three stages. 1. the heating of Ore: after Ore is added by furnace roof, first by heating by the exhaust gases to certain temperature. When Ore drops to heating tape, rely on hot gas produced by gas-fired in combustor, be made directly the heating of Ore. 2. ore reduction: weak magnetic bloodstone Fe2O3After heating tape is heated to uniform temperature, drop to zone of reduction and with CO and H in coal gas2Contact and chemical reaction occurs, generate ferromagnetism iron mineral.3. the cooling of roasted ore: the iron ore temperature after reduction is about about 500 DEG C, need to cool down before Ore with air contact.
(4) principal element of iron ore roasting mineral nitrogen amount is affected: the 1. impact of sintering temperature: when shaft furnace production, Ore sintering temperature is high, the required recovery time is short, simultaneously the quality of roasted ore and yield are all higher, but Ore sintering temperature is too high, easily produced reduction and reduced the phenomenon of roasted ore magnetic, not only consumed substantial amounts of fuel, and stove also shortened service life. Ore low-temperature bake was prevented from juvenescence, simultaneously gas saving and prolongation furnace life, but the low-temperature bake time is longer, and the yield of stove is relatively low. 2. the impact of reducing gas composition: in block refractory iron ore shaft furnace magnetizing roast, the Main Ingredients and Appearance that iron ore rises reduction is the hydrogen in furnace gas and carbon monoxide. If the hydrogen reduced in furnace gas and carbonomonoxide concentration are big, although reduction reaction speed is accelerated, it is easy to obtain good roasted ore quality, but Ore easily produced juvenescence, easily cause coal gas imperfect combustion in stove, cause the rising of unit consumption of fuel simultaneously. If coal gas burns completely in stove, just without the hydrogen reduced and carbon monoxide in furnace gas, Ore also cannot play the effect (except the iron ore containing siderite) of reduction. Therefore, iron ore of the present invention controls CO in magnetizing roast2+H2Concentration range be 2��4%(percent by volume). 3. the impact of ore grain size: reduction roasting speed and quality are affected bigger by ore grain size. Ore grain size is bigger, and roasted ore heart table reduction inequality is more serious, and the reduction degree on top layer is higher than the reduction degree in heart portion; Ore size fraction scope is narrower, and better, but during iron ore undersized, furnace charge is big to air resistance, and breathability substantially worsens for reduction effect, makes coal gas be difficult to contact with Ore reduce.
The principal element affecting iron ore roasting mineral nitrogen amount in the inventive method is defined below:
(1) the determination ` of iron ore particle size range
The size of iron ore granularity is to affect the key factor of heat transfer and mass transfer rate in roasting. When iron ore granularity more hour, specific grain surface is long-pending more big, and the contact area between gas-solid mutually is more big, and its heat transfer and mass-transfer efficiency are higher, and the conversion rate of calcination is also more fast, also there will be the phenomenon that materialbeds comminution increases simultaneously; But when roasting iron ore granularity is excessive, producing Ore top layer and the phenomenon of internal roasting inequality, namely the roasting degree on top layer is higher than inside, occurs in that " half-cooked " phenomenon, and ore grain size its inhomogeneities bigger is more serious. Therefore, the factor of comprehensive each side, the iron ore particle size range of shaft furnace magnetizing roast in the present invention is 15��75mm.
(2) determination of the bed depth in shaft furnace
In shaft furnace, iron ore bed depth is an important parameter of magnetization technology, and whole magnetic history is had important impact by it. Shaft furnace bed depth is mainly made up of following components: 1. zone of heating; 2. magnetized layer; 3. cooling layer. In the present invention, the zone of heating height of shaft furnace is different according to grading difference, and magnetized layer height is 3.0��3.3m, and cooling layer height is 3.0��3.2m.
(3) iron ore grading
In the shaft furnace of stratiform cloth, the air flow method in stove and iron ore granularmetric composition have close relationship. when the iron ore that shaft furnace uses 15��75mm carries out magnetizing roast, owing to the granularity difference of material is bigger, bulk iron ore readily flows near furnace wall, particulate iron ore then concentrates on bed of material immediate vicinity, so along bed of material cross section, the flow resistance difference of gas is bigger, the breathability distributed pole causing the bed of material is uneven, it is easy for during roasting defining boundary air near furnace wall, and produce to burn or slagging scorification phenomenon because temperature is too high in the local that resistance is less, affect the also proper mass of iron ore, simultaneously when the particle size range of Ore is wider, also there will be form of small iron particles Ore " burning " and the phenomenon of bulk iron ore " underburnt ".Illustrate that the composition of iron ore granularity is more significant on the impact ratio of reduction process. General iron ore particle size range is wider, and the percent reduction difference between different grain size is also bigger, illustrates that improving reduction of iron ore rate should reduce upper size boundary and improve granularity lower limit. For improving the magnetization quality of iron ore, the iron ore of 15��75mm is taken staged care technology by the present invention, and its concrete grading range is: 1. 15��40mm; 2. 40��60mm; 3. 60��75mm.
In the factor affecting iron ore magnetizing roast quality, having the greatest impact of raw meal particle size, such as the 100m with the application unit wine steel315��100mm lump ore of Anshan type shaft roasting, adopts high coke mixed gas as fuel and reducing agent, and roasting time is 8��10h. At present, domestic be 30��35% to grade, granularity be the technology that the Low-grade and hard-to-separate iron ore stone of 15��100mm adopts shaft furnace to carry out magnetizing roast, metal recovery rate after general roasted ore magnetic separation is only 80��81%, obtained inferior fine magnetite concentrate grade is 54��55%, illustrates that the product quality of iron ore shaft furnace magnetizing roast is not high.
The feature of the present invention and beneficial effect:
By rationally determining iron ore particle size range, the bed depth of shaft roasting and the iron ore that particle size range is 15��75mm being taked staged care technology and each particle size range iron ore after classification is taked different roasting systems, substantially increase the quality of shaft furnace iron ore magnetizing roast, reduce the energy consumption of shaft furnace, the grade of smart iron mine after improve magnetic separation.
With specific embodiment, technical scheme and beneficial effect are described in further detail below.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Grade is the refractory iron ore of 30%, different according to particle size range, is placed on by iron ore in different shaft furnaces and carries out magnetizing roast, processes through heating, reduction, cooling, and iron ore reducing atmosphere in magnetizing roast is CO2+H2Concentration of volume percent be 2%;
(1) iron ore that particle size range is 15��40mm is put into shaft furnace 1 and carry out magnetizing roast, bringing-up section thickness of feed layer 1.2m in shaft furnace 1, roasting time 4h, sintering temperature controls at 650 DEG C; Magnetized layer height is 3.0m, and cooling layer height is 3.0m.
(2) iron ore that particle size range is 40��60mm is put into shaft furnace 2 and carry out magnetizing roast, bringing-up section thickness of feed layer 1.4m in shaft furnace 2, roasting time 6h, sintering temperature controls at 680 DEG C; Magnetized layer height is 3.0m, and cooling layer height is 3.0m.
(3) iron ore that particle size range is 60��75mm being put into shaft furnace 3 and carry out magnetizing roast, bringing-up section thickness of feed layer 1.5m in shaft furnace 3, roasting time 8h, sintering temperature controls at 720 DEG C. Magnetized layer height is 3.0m, and cooling layer height is 3.0m.
The iron concentrate grade obtained under this technique is 56.00%, improves 1.5% compared with existing magnetizing roast technology, and metal recovery rate can reach 82% simultaneously, improves 2% compared with existing magnetizing roast technology. Additionally, adopt this technology can improve shaft furnace yield about 15%, reducing the gas consumption about 12% of shaft furnace, after reduction iron ore dressing, the iron content 8% in mine tailing, decreases the generation amount of iron ore tailings, effectively improves shaft furnace energy input.
Embodiment 2
Grade is the refractory iron ore of 30%, different according to particle size range, is placed on by iron ore in different shaft furnaces and carries out magnetizing roast, processes through heating, reduction, cooling, and iron ore reducing atmosphere in magnetizing roast is CO2+H2Concentration of volume percent be 3%;
(1) iron ore that particle size range is 15��40mm is put into shaft furnace 1 and carry out magnetizing roast, bringing-up section thickness of feed layer 1.3m in shaft furnace 1, roasting time 4.5h, sintering temperature controls at 665 DEG C; Magnetized layer height is 3.2m, and cooling layer height is 3.1m.
(2) iron ore that particle size range is 40��60mm is put into shaft furnace 2 and carry out magnetizing roast, bringing-up section thickness of feed layer 1.45m in shaft furnace 2, roasting time 7h, sintering temperature controls at 700 DEG C; Magnetized layer height is 3.2m, and cooling layer height is 3.1m.
(3) iron ore that particle size range is 60��75mm being put into shaft furnace 3 and carry out magnetizing roast, bringing-up section thickness of feed layer 1.6m in shaft furnace 3, roasting time 8.5h, sintering temperature controls at 735 DEG C. Magnetized layer height is 3.2m, and cooling layer height is 3.1m.
The iron concentrate grade obtained under this technique is 56.50%, improves 1.75% compared with existing magnetizing roast technology, and metal recovery rate can reach 82.5% simultaneously, improves 2.5% compared with existing magnetizing roast technology. Additionally, adopt this technology can improve shaft furnace yield about 15%, reducing the gas consumption about 12% of shaft furnace, after reduction iron ore dressing, the iron content 8% in mine tailing, decreases the generation amount of iron ore tailings, effectively improves shaft furnace energy input.
Embodiment 3
Grade is the refractory iron ore of 30%, different according to particle size range, is placed on by iron ore in different shaft furnaces and carries out magnetizing roast, processes through heating, reduction, cooling, and iron ore reducing atmosphere in magnetizing roast is CO2+H2Concentration of volume percent be 2��4%;
(1) iron ore that particle size range is 15��40mm is put into shaft furnace 1 and carry out magnetizing roast, bringing-up section thickness of feed layer 1.4m in shaft furnace 1, roasting time 5h, sintering temperature controls at 680 DEG C; Magnetized layer height is 3.3m, and cooling layer height is 3.2m.
(2) iron ore that particle size range is 40��60mm is put into shaft furnace 2 and carry out magnetizing roast, bringing-up section thickness of feed layer 1.5m in shaft furnace 2, roasting time 7h, sintering temperature controls at 720 DEG C; Magnetized layer height is 3.3m, and cooling layer height is 3.2m.
(3) iron ore that particle size range is 60��75mm being put into shaft furnace 3 and carry out magnetizing roast, bringing-up section thickness of feed layer 1.7m in shaft furnace 3, roasting time 9h, sintering temperature controls at 750 DEG C. Magnetized layer height is 3.3m, and cooling layer height is 3.2m.
The iron concentrate grade obtained under this technique is 57.00%, improves 2.00% compared with existing magnetizing roast technology, and metal recovery rate can reach 83% simultaneously, improves 3% compared with existing magnetizing roast technology. Additionally, adopt this technology can improve shaft furnace yield about 15%, reducing the gas consumption about 12% of shaft furnace, after reduction iron ore dressing, the iron content 8% in mine tailing, decreases the generation amount of iron ore tailings, effectively improves shaft furnace energy input.
Claims (3)
1. a block refractory iron ore shaft furnace magnetizing roast different grain size hierarchical processing method, it is characterised in that it comprises the steps:
A, by varigrained iron ore according to following classification, 15��40mm grade, 40��60mm grade, 60��75mm grade;
B, magnetizing roast process, and are processed through heating, reduction, cooling by iron ore,
For 15��40mm size fraction ranges: roasting time 4��5h, sintering temperature is 650��680 DEG C, and bringing-up section thickness of feed layer is 1.2��1.4m;
For 40��60mm size fraction ranges: roasting time 6��7h, sintering temperature is 680��720 DEG C, and bringing-up section thickness of feed layer is 1.4��1.5m;
For 60��75mm size fraction ranges: roasting time 8��9h, sintering temperature is 720��750 DEG C, and bringing-up section thickness of feed layer is 1.5��1.7m.
2. block refractory iron ore shaft furnace magnetizing roast different grain size hierarchical processing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the bed depth in shaft furnace is as follows, and magnetized layer height is 3.0��3.3m, and cooling layer height is 3.0��3.2m.
3. block refractory iron ore shaft furnace magnetizing roast different grain size hierarchical processing method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: iron ore reducing atmosphere in magnetizing roast is CO2+H2Concentration of volume percent be 2��4%.
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