CN103215124A - Refining process of original sweet tea seed oil via low-temperature physical membrane method - Google Patents
Refining process of original sweet tea seed oil via low-temperature physical membrane method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a refining process of original sweet tea seed oil via a low-temperature physical membrane method. The refining process disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps of: (1) squeezing and filtering, namely physically squeezing cleaned and husked dry oil tea seeds in a squeezer, treating acquired slag-containing oil via an oil purifying tank, and subsequently pumping the oil into a plate-frame type filter or a leaf filter via a pump for filtering to acquire filtered crude oil with original sweet flavor of the tea seed oil; (2) degumming, namely pumping the filtered crude oil into a degumming tank via the pump, adding a flocculating agent in a certain proportion to the degumming tank, fully stirring the crude oil and the agent for a period of time, and subsequently separating and degumming the oil via a disc type centrifugal machine; (3) dewaxing, namely adding a crystal-promoting filter aid in a certain proportion into the degummed crude oil for winterization crystallization, growing crystal for a period of time, and subsequently separating the oil via a flat microporous membrane filter to acquire dewaxed crude oil; and (4) deacidifying and decoloring, namely pumping the dewaxed crude oil into a spiral turbulence promoter and then into a compound nanofiltration membrane device via a booster pump, and circularly deacidifying and decoloring neutral oil via an oil storage tank equipped with an ultrasonic device to acquire the high grade edible tea seed oil, wherein in the compound nanofiltration membrane device, free fatty acid and pigments pass through a filtering membrane. The tea seed oil prepared by the process disclosed by the invention keeps the original natural fragrance and effectively retains specific active nutrition ingredients, such as tocopherol, squalene and sterol, of the tea seed oil; and simultaneously, the refining method is low in cost and no industrial wastewater is generated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the low-temperature physics embrane method process for refining of process for refining, particularly a kind of former fragrant tea-seed oil of the former fragrant tea-seed oil of low-temperature physics squeezing process preparation.
Background technology
Tea-seed oil is a kind of high-quality tradition edible oil of China, adopts high temperature squeezing prepared usually.Discovering in recent years, conventional high-temperature squeezing process cause the active nutrient component loss in the tea-seed oil easily, and the distinctive natural flavor of forfeiture tea-seed oil, also might produce carcinogenic substance-benzopyrene simultaneously.Therefore, the low-temperature physics squeezing process of camellia seed oil is subjected to pursuing of people.Yet the oil-tea camellia seed crude oil that the low-temperature physics squeezing process makes does not generally also reach national edible safety standard-required, still needs to pass through refinement treatment.
Traditional grease process for refining is the chemical refining method, generally comprise come unstuck, operation sequence such as depickling, decolouring, deodorization.Wherein, the alkali refining method is adopted in depickling operation usually, this method need utilize in the alkali earlier and crude oil in free fatty acids and generate soap, carrying out oily soap then separates, and utilizes water to come residual soap in the flush away oil again, will produce a large amount of waste water like this.Simultaneously, there are some researches show that the alkali refining method may promote the formation of benzopyrene in the tea-seed oil, strengthen the food safety risk of tea-seed oil product.Decolouring operation is general adopts sorbent materials such as atlapulgite, diatomite to come coloring matter in the absorb oil, can cause the loss of neutral oil, and makes and residual in the bleached oil carclazyte fishy smell or diatomite fishy smell arranged, and this fishy smell needs subsequent handling such as deodorization just can take off again.The deodorization operation generally need just can be finished under high temperature more than 250 ℃ and the high vacuum condition below the residual voltage 20mmHg, not only power consumption is high in such high temperature high vacuum operation, bioactive ingredients losses such as tocopherol, squalene, sterol are big in the oil, and can lose the distinctive natural flavor of tea-seed oil, and make the food safety hazard factors such as producing carcinogenic substance-trans fatty acid and benzopyrene in the grease.
As seen, traditional grease process for refining is not suitable for the refinement treatment that low-temperature physics squeezes tea-seed oil.If adopt this traditional grease process for refining to handle low-temperature physics squeezing tea-seed oil, resulting purified product can be the forfeiture of former fragrant breeze flavor, natural radioactivity nutritive ingredient destructive tea-seed oil, and this and low-temperature physics squeeze the original intention of tea-seed oil and run counter to.Therefore, for high-grade greases such as low-temperature physics squeezing tea-seed oils, need exploitation low-temperature physics purification techniques.
In the various low-temperature physics purification techniquess of natural product, membrane separation technique is low, the no phase transformation of a kind of service temperature, pollution-free, the simple new separation technology of equipment, is particularly suitable for needing to protect the fragrant system of protecting flavor and protection thermo-sensitivity composition and separates.Therefore, membrane separation technique has developed rapidly becomes new unit operation, and it is used and also develops into industry such as chemical industry, food, medicine, biology, electronics from early stage desalination, and will produce far-reaching influence to the futurity industry technological transformation.
Membrane separation technique comprises membrane separating methods such as ultrafiltration, micro-filtration, nanofiltration.At present, membrane separation technique grease processing aspect has at home had certain application, utilizes embrane method polished fat in each operation tentative application to be arranged all.Introduced the application of embrane method such as " progress that the vegetables oil embrane method is come unstuck " paper that Zhejiang University Gu wild goose flower bud, Ye Xingqian are published on " food and fermentation engineering " in the vegetable oil degumming operation; " lipin deacidifying Study of New Method progress " paper that people such as Liu of Guangdong Ocean University book one-tenth are published on " Chinese oil " has been introduced the research of overseas utilization membrane technique on lipin deacidifying.But, utilize the membrane separation technique of micro-filtration dewaxing, nanofiltration depickling decolouring to come the report of refined plant oil, particularly consistent with thinking of the present invention and processing parameter report is not also found at present.
The principle of micro-filtration dewaxing is: the crude oil that comes unstuck is carried out winterization under certain condition earlier, make high-melting-point wax and the crystallization of saturated fatty component in the crude oil form solia particle, allow solidliquid mixture at a slow speed by the millipore filtration face then, then solia particle is trapped, and less relatively tri-glyceride molecule and other small-molecule substance of molecular weight can see through millipore filtration, thereby reaches the purpose of screening; The principle of nanofiltration depickling decolouring is identical with millipore filtration dewaxing principle, only nanofiltration membrane is to realize the component separation on molecular level, its molecular weight cut-off is littler, during work, the component that sees through face is the small-molecule substance that free fatty acids in the crude oil and pigment etc. influence oil quality, and the relatively large tri-glyceride of molecular weight then is retained down.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the objective of the invention is to solve in existing Vegetable oil lipoprotein process for refining energy consumption height, the oil active nutrient component and natural faint scent and lose, produce many shortcomings such as a large amount of waste water easily, utilize modern membrane separation technique to remove undesirable substance in the crude oil, thereby make the table oil of excellent quality.
Technical scheme:
A kind of low-temperature physics embrane method process for refining of former fragrant tea-seed oil comprises the steps:
1, squeezing, filtration: the exsiccant tea seed is cleared up the direct squeezing machine that drops in the back of peeling off carry out physical squeezing, gained slag inclusion grease squeezes into flame filter press with pump after oil-filtering box is handled or leaf filter filters, and promptly gets the filtering crude oil with the former fragrant breeze flavor of tea-seed oil.
2, come unstuck: the crude oil after will filtering with pump is squeezed into glue kettle, add that a certain proportion of flocculation agent fully stirs for some time after disk centrifugal separator separates comes unstuck, flocculation agent is the mixture of weakly acid soln and inorganic salt, the blending ratio of weak acid and inorganic salt is 1:10-1:30, and the mixture addition is the 0.05%-0.5% of crude oil weight.
3, dewaxing: add a certain proportion of short brilliant flocculating aids in the crude oil after coming unstuck and carry out the winterization crystallization, growing the grain is after for some time, through flat plate microporous filter membrane machine separate the dewaxing crude oil, the short brilliant flocculating aids that adds is the mixture of perlite and gac, the blending ratio of perlite and gac is at 1:1-10:1, its addition is the 0.02%-0.3% of crude oil weight, the millipore filtration of flat plate microporous filter membrane machine is the inorganic ceramic film of mean pore size at 0.4-2 μ m, and the working pressure of flat plate microporous filter membrane machine is 0.05MPa-0.2MPa.
4, depickling is decoloured: will dewax with topping-up pump enters the composite nanometer filter film device after crude oil is squeezed into the spiral turbulence promoter again, make free fatty acids and pigment see through filter membrane, the depickling that circulates behind the storage tank of neutral oil through installing ultrasonic unit additional decolouring, the ultrasonic intensity of ultrasonic unit is 20-60W/cm
2, composite nanometer filtering film is the mineral membrane of molecular weight cut-off 200-1000, and composite nanometer filtering film operation of equipment temperature is 30 ℃-45 ℃, and working pressure is 0.5MPa-1.5MPa.
Technical superiority of the present invention is:
1, a kind of low-temperature physics embrane method process for refining of former fragrant tea-seed oil, the secondary pollution of having avoided chemical substance that caustic soda depickling in traditional refinery practice, activated decoloration technology causes and tea-seed oil directly to contact, also avoided vacuum-drying, vacuum decoloration, the deodorization of high temperature high vacuum the mistake of taking off simultaneously, kept effective components such as the tocopherol in the tea-seed oil, squalene, sterol effectively the original natural flavor of tea-seed oil.
2, a kind of low-temperature physics embrane method process for refining of former fragrant tea-seed oil, whole technological process all is at normal temperature or a little more than carrying out under the normal temperature, needed energy consumption is lower, whole technological process does not produce waste water, save the use of traditional refining auxiliary materials such as caustic soda, atlapulgite simultaneously, saved refining cost.
3, a kind of low-temperature physics embrane method process for refining of former fragrant tea-seed oil, the short brilliant flocculating aids of being made up of perlite and gac that adds in the millipore filtration dewaxing process has adsorption to pigment and carcinogenic substance benzopyrene, makes that the edible safety of tea-seed oil is better.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the scope that embodiment represents.
Embodiment 1:
1, squeezing, filtration: the exsiccant tea seed is cleared up the direct squeezing machine that drops in the back of peeling off carry out physical squeezing, gained slag inclusion grease is squeezed into flame filter press with pump and is filtered after the oil-filtering box processing, promptly get to have the filtering crude oil that the former fragrant breeze of tea-seed oil is distinguished the flavor of;
2, come unstuck: the crude oil after will filtering with pump is squeezed into glue kettle, 0.2% the flocculation agent that adds crude oil weight fully stirred 20 minutes after disk centrifugal separator separates comes unstuck, flocculation agent is the mixture of phosphoric acid solution and salt, and the blending ratio of phosphoric acid and salt is 1:15.
3, dewaxing: the short brilliant flocculating aids that adds crude oil weight 0.1% in the crude oil after coming unstuck carries out the winterization crystallization, behind the growing the grain 24 hours, through flat plate microporous filter membrane machine separate the dewaxing crude oil, the short brilliant flocculating aids that adds is the mixture of perlite and gac, the blending ratio of perlite and gac is at 5:1, the millipore filtration of flat plate microporous filter membrane machine is the inorganic ceramic film of mean pore size at 1 μ m, and the working pressure of flat plate microporous filter membrane machine is 0.1MPa.
4, depickling is decoloured: will dewax with topping-up pump enters the composite nanometer filter film device after crude oil is squeezed into the spiral turbulence promoter again, make free fatty acids and pigment see through filter membrane, the depickling that circulates behind the storage tank of neutral oil through installing ultrasonic unit additional decolouring, the ultrasonic intensity of ultrasonic unit is 45W/cm
2, composite nanometer filtering film is the stainless steel membrane of molecular weight cut-off 400, and composite nanometer filtering film operation of equipment temperature is 40 ℃, and working pressure is 1.2MPa.
The treated oil tea-seed oil final product quality of embodiment 1 detects and sees the following form 1:
The former scented tea seed oil quality detected result that table 1 is produced through embodiment 1
As shown in Table 1, the camellia seed oil that makes of present embodiment meets the quality standard of one-level pressed oil tea-seed oil in the camellia seed oil national standard (GB11765-2003).
Embodiment 2:
1, squeezing, filtration: the exsiccant tea seed is cleared up the direct squeezing machine that drops in the back of peeling off carry out physical squeezing, gained slag inclusion grease is squeezed into flame filter press with pump and is filtered after the oil-filtering box processing, promptly get to have the filtering crude oil that the former fragrant breeze of tea-seed oil is distinguished the flavor of;
2, come unstuck: the crude oil after will filtering with pump is squeezed into glue kettle, 0.15% the flocculation agent that adds crude oil weight fully stirred 30 minutes after disk centrifugal separator separates comes unstuck, flocculation agent is the mixture of phosphoric acid solution and salt, and the blending ratio of phosphoric acid and salt is 1:10.
3, dewaxing: 0.2% of adding crude oil weight short brilliant flocculating aids carries out the winterization crystallization in the crude oil after coming unstuck, behind the growing the grain 18 hours, through flat plate microporous filter membrane machine separate the dewaxing crude oil, the short brilliant flocculating aids that adds is the mixture of perlite and gac, the blending ratio of perlite and gac is at 4:1, and the millipore filtration of flat plate microporous filter membrane machine is the inorganic ceramic film of mean pore size at 1 μ m.The working pressure of flat plate microporous filter membrane machine is 0.08MPa.
4, depickling is decoloured: will dewax with topping-up pump enters the composite nanometer filter film device after crude oil is squeezed into the spiral turbulence promoter again, make free fatty acids and pigment see through filter membrane, the depickling that circulates behind the storage tank of neutral oil through installing ultrasonic unit additional decolouring, the ultrasonic intensity of ultrasonic unit is 60W/cm
2, composite nanometer filtering film is the stainless steel membrane of molecular weight cut-off 400, and composite nanometer filtering film operation of equipment temperature is 40 ℃, and working pressure is 1.0MPa.
The treated oil tea-seed oil final product quality of embodiment 2 detects and sees the following form 2:
The former scented tea seed oil quality detected result that table 2 is produced through embodiment 2
As shown in Table 2, the camellia seed oil that makes of present embodiment meets the quality standard of one-level pressed oil tea-seed oil in the camellia seed oil national standard (GB11765-2003).
Embodiment 3
1, squeezing, filtration: the exsiccant tea seed is cleared up the direct squeezing machine that drops in the back of peeling off carry out physical squeezing, gained slag inclusion grease is squeezed into flame filter press with pump and is filtered after the oil-filtering box processing, promptly get to have the filtering crude oil that the former fragrant breeze of tea-seed oil is distinguished the flavor of;
2, come unstuck: the crude oil after will filtering with pump is squeezed into glue kettle, 0.3% the flocculation agent that adds crude oil weight fully stirred 20 minutes after disk centrifugal separator separates comes unstuck, flocculation agent is the mixture of phosphoric acid solution and salt, and the blending ratio of phosphoric acid and salt is 1:18.
3, dewaxing: 0.25% of adding crude oil weight short brilliant flocculating aids carries out the winterization crystallization in the crude oil after coming unstuck, behind the growing the grain 24 hours, through flat plate microporous filter membrane machine separate the dewaxing crude oil, the short brilliant flocculating aids that adds is the mixture of perlite and gac, the blending ratio of perlite and gac is at 3:1, and the millipore filtration of flat plate microporous filter membrane machine is the inorganic ceramic film of mean pore size at 1 μ m.The working pressure of flat plate microporous filter membrane machine is 0.15MPa.
4, depickling is decoloured: will dewax with topping-up pump enters the composite nanometer filter film device after crude oil is squeezed into the spiral turbulence promoter again, make free fatty acids and pigment see through filter membrane, the depickling that circulates behind the storage tank of neutral oil through installing ultrasonic unit additional decolouring, the ultrasonic intensity of ultrasonic unit is 50W/cm
2, composite nanometer filtering film is the stainless steel membrane of molecular weight cut-off 400, and composite nanometer filtering film operation of equipment temperature is 45 ℃, and working pressure is 1.2MPa.
The treated oil tea-seed oil final product quality of embodiment 3 detects and sees the following form 2:
The former scented tea seed oil quality detected result that table 3 is produced through embodiment 3
As shown in Table 3, the camellia seed oil that makes of present embodiment meets the quality standard of one-level pressed oil tea-seed oil in the camellia seed oil national standard (GB11765-2003).
Claims (6)
1. the low-temperature physics embrane method process for refining of a former fragrant tea-seed oil, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps: (1) squeezing, filter: directly drop into squeezing machine after the cleaning of exsiccant tea seed is peeled off and carry out physical squeezing, gained slag inclusion grease squeezes into flame filter press with pump after oil-filtering box is handled or leaf filter filters, and promptly gets the filtering crude oil with the former fragrant breeze flavor of tea-seed oil; (2) come unstuck: the crude oil after will filtering with pump is squeezed into glue kettle, adds that a certain proportion of flocculation agent fully stirs for some time after disk centrifugal separator separates comes unstuck; (3) dewaxing: add a certain proportion of short brilliant flocculating aids in the crude oil after coming unstuck and carry out the winterization crystallization, growing the grain is after for some time, through flat plate microporous filter membrane machine separate the dewaxing crude oil; (4) depickling is decoloured: will dewax with topping-up pump enters the composite nanometer filter film device after crude oil is squeezed into the spiral turbulence promoter again, makes free fatty acids and pigment see through filter membrane, the depickling that circulates behind the storage tank of neutral oil through installing ultrasonic unit additional decolouring.
2. the low-temperature physics embrane method process for refining of a kind of former fragrant tea-seed oil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the flocculation agent that uses in the described process of coming unstuck is the mixture of weakly acid soln and inorganic salt, the blending ratio of weak acid and inorganic salt is 1:10-1:30, and the mixture addition is the 0.05%-0.5% of crude oil weight.
3. the low-temperature physics embrane method process for refining of a kind of former fragrant tea-seed oil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the short brilliant flocculating aids that adds in described dewaxing process is the mixture of perlite and gac, the blending ratio of perlite and gac is at 1:1-10:1, and its addition is the 0.02%-0.3% of crude oil weight.
4. according to the low-temperature physics embrane method process for refining of claim 1,3 described a kind of former fragrant tea-seed oils, it is characterized in that, millipore filtration at described dewaxing process middle plateform millipore filtration machine is the inorganic ceramic film of mean pore size at 0.4-2 μ m, and the working pressure of flat plate microporous filter membrane machine is 0.05MPa-0.2MPa.
5. the low-temperature physics embrane method process for refining of a kind of former fragrant tea-seed oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the storage tank in described depickling decolorization has installed ultrasonic unit additional, and ultrasonic intensity is 20-60W/cm
2
6. according to the low-temperature physics embrane method process for refining of claim 1,5 described a kind of former fragrant tea-seed oils, it is characterized in that, composite nanometer filtering film in described depickling decolorization is the mineral membrane of molecular weight cut-off 200-1000, comprise metallic membrane, ceramic membrane, sintered glass film, molecular screen membrane etc., composite nanometer filtering film operation of equipment temperature is 30 ℃-45 ℃, and working pressure is 0.5MPa-1.5MPa.
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| CN107509822A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-26 | 山东鲁派国际食品有限公司 | A kind of special edible oil of pregnant woman and preparation method thereof |
| CN109897726A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-06-18 | 石城县群鑫生态发展有限公司 | A kind of tea seed extracts the squeezing process of tea oil |
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| CN103642596A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-19 | 安徽银丰药业有限公司 | Mentha oil filtering device |
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| CN107308696A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-03 | 南京绿帝环保能源科技有限公司 | A kind of oil product continuous stripping system and method |
| CN107509822A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-26 | 山东鲁派国际食品有限公司 | A kind of special edible oil of pregnant woman and preparation method thereof |
| CN109897726A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-06-18 | 石城县群鑫生态发展有限公司 | A kind of tea seed extracts the squeezing process of tea oil |
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