CN103214537B - Method for extracting phytosterol from residual biodiesel - Google Patents

Method for extracting phytosterol from residual biodiesel Download PDF

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CN103214537B
CN103214537B CN201310132738.9A CN201310132738A CN103214537B CN 103214537 B CN103214537 B CN 103214537B CN 201310132738 A CN201310132738 A CN 201310132738A CN 103214537 B CN103214537 B CN 103214537B
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sterol
molecular distillation
distillation
temperature
stage molecular
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CN103214537A (en
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强军锋
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Xian University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extracting phytosterol from residual biodiesel. The method comprises the steps of: firstly, adding residual biodiesel and a sodium methoxide water solution in a reaction kettle for an alcoholysis reaction; secondly, after the alcoholysis reaction, adding fatty acid methyl ester and concentrated sulfuric acid in the reaction kettle for an esterification reaction; thirdly, after the esterification reaction, washing the material to neutral by hot water of 60-80 DEG C, and then filtering the material when the material is hot, thus obtaining a filtrate; fourthly, implementing four-stage molecular distillation on the filtrate; fifthly, mixing a third-stage distillate with a fourth-stage distillate after the four-stage molecular distillation, adding fatty acid methyl ester in the mixed distillate to obtain a mixture, then heating the mixture until sterol is dissolved completely, cold precipitating and press-filtering the mixture, thus obtaining coarse sterol; and sixthly, washing the coarse sterol by alcohol and then drying the coarse sterol, thus obtaining the refined phytosterol. According to the method, impurities are removed in a molecular distillation way, the content of sterol is guaranteed, the quality purity of the extracted phytosterol can achieve over 95% and the yield can achieve over 80%.

Description

A kind of method extracting plant sterol from residual biodiesel
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant sterol ester preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method extracting plant sterol from residual biodiesel.
Background technology
Plant sterol is the important component of vegetable cell, has features such as being of high nutritive value, physiologically active is strong.Plant sterol reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases by reducing cholesterol.Plant sterol has stronger anti-inflammatory action to human body, has the effects such as the biochemistry synthesis that human body can be suppressed the absorption of cholesterol, the catabolism promoting cholesterol, suppression cholesterol; For the heart trouble of prophylactic treatment coronary atherosclerosis class, there is obvious curative effect to treatment ulcer, Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma, cervical cancer etc.; Can wound healing be promoted, make hypertrophy, strengthen capillary circulation; Also can be used as the hold back agent that gallbladdergallstonecholetithiasis is formed.Plant sterol has very high perviousness to skin, can keep skin surface moisture content, promotes skin metabolism, suppresses skin inflammation, can anti-sunburn, skin aging, also has effect of hair tonic, hair care.Plant sterol exists mainly with free state or with the chemical combination state that higher fatty acid forms ester usually.Plant sterol in the market mainly from the deodorized distillate soybean oil, Semen Maydis oil, rapeseed oil, cotton oil, certain herbaceous plants with big flowers wet goods refining process through extraction, cold crystallization and obtaining.
Biofuel refers to the waterplant greases such as oil crops, Wild oil plant and engineering microalgae and animal grease, food garbage wet goods to be the reproducibility diesel oil fuel of the replaced petrifaction diesel that stock oil is made by ester exchange process.In recent years, by the impact of crude oil price, environmental protection pressure, Biodiesel is in widespread attention.World's biofuel ultimate production about 2,050 ten thousand tons in 2011, wherein European Union accounts for 51%, and South American region (Brazil is main) accounts for 24%, Asia 13%, and Middle and North America is 11%, other areas 1%.The production capacity of China's biofuel in 2011 is 2,300,000 tons, output about 700,000 tons.The raw material of European Union's biofuel 80% is double-low rapeseed oil (low sulfatide, low erucic acid), the U.S., Brazil mainly soybean, China mainly with woody oleiferous plants, waste grease and microalgae grease for raw material.The residual oil accounting for major product about 5% ~ 10% can be produced in production of biodiesel process, and containing the plant sterol of 2% ~ 10% in these residual oil, by the impact of current plant sterol extraction process, the plant sterol in residual biodiesel is not taken seriously always and utilizes, and causes huge waste.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of technique simple, strong operability, has the method extracting plant sterol from residual biodiesel of good commercial viability.The method adopts the biofuel dregs of fat to be that raw material extracts plant sterol, is the recycling to waste resource, has important economic worth and social value; The method adopts molecular distillation method to remove impurity, and ensure that the content of sterol, the plant sterol quality purity of extraction can reach more than 95%, and improve 15 percentage points than the plant sterol quality purity (80%) of traditional crystallization synthesis, yield can reach more than 80%.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method extracting plant sterol from residual biodiesel, and it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, in reactor, add residual biodiesel and the sodium methylate aqueous solution, be heated to 65 DEG C ~ 75 DEG C under agitation and carry out alcoholysis reaction; The add-on of the described sodium methylate aqueous solution is 60% ~ 70% of residual biodiesel quality; In the described sodium methylate aqueous solution, the mass percentage of sodium methylate is 10% ~ 12%;
Add fatty acid methyl ester in step 2, reactor in step one after alcoholysis reaction, be warming up to 65 DEG C ~ 75 DEG C under agitation, then in reactor, add the vitriol oil, carry out esterification under agitation; The add-on of described fatty acid methyl ester is 0.5 ~ 1 times of residual biodiesel quality, and the acid number of fatty acid methyl ester is not more than 5mgKOH/g; The add-on of the described vitriol oil is 10% ~ 15% of residual biodiesel quality, and the mass concentration of the vitriol oil is not less than 98%;
Step 3, by the material after esterification in step 2 with the hot wash of 60 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C to neutral, then filtered while hot, obtains filtrate;
Step 4, quaternary molecule distillation is carried out to filtrate described in step 3, temperature and the vacuum tightness of quaternary molecule distillation are followed successively by: the temperature of first step molecular distillation is 150 DEG C ~ 170 DEG C, vacuum tightness≤8000Pa, the temperature of second stage molecular distillation is 175 DEG C ~ 185 DEG C, vacuum tightness≤70Pa, the temperature of third stage molecular distillation is 200 DEG C ~ 215 DEG C, vacuum tightness≤10Pa, the temperature of fourth stage molecular distillation is 225 DEG C ~ 235 DEG C, vacuum tightness≤5Pa; The first step molecular distillation of described quaternary molecule distillation adopts thin-film evaporator, and second stage molecular distillation, third stage molecular distillation and fourth stage molecular distillation all adopt short-distance distiller; The inlet amount of described quaternary molecule distillation is 0.3L/m 2heating-surface area ~ 0.4L/m 2heating-surface area, wherein heating-surface area refers to that the total heating surface (THS) that quaternary molecule distills amasss;
Step 5, by the mixing of the fraction of the fraction of third stage molecular distillation in step 4 and fourth stage molecular distillation, in mixed fraction, add fatty acid methyl ester the mass percentage of sterol in mixed fraction is diluted to 8% ~ 12%, then the mixed fraction after heating dilution is dissolved completely to sterol, cold analysis to 5 DEG C again ~ 10 DEG C, press filtration, obtains thick sterol;
Step 6, by dry after sterol ethanol wash thick described in step 5, obtain refined plant sterol.
A kind of above-mentioned method extracting plant sterol from residual biodiesel, the reaction times of alcoholysis reaction described in step one is 2h ~ 5h.
A kind of above-mentioned method extracting plant sterol from residual biodiesel, the reaction times of esterification described in step 2 is 3h ~ 5h.
A kind of above-mentioned method extracting plant sterol from residual biodiesel, the joining day of the vitriol oil described in step 2 is no less than 40min.
A kind of above-mentioned method extracting plant sterol from residual biodiesel, the number of times washed described in step 6 is three times, wash temperature is 30 DEG C ~ 40 DEG C, and the time of each washing is 10min ~ 60min, and the alcohol consumption of each washing is 1 ~ 2 times of thick sterol quality.
A kind of above-mentioned method extracting plant sterol from residual biodiesel, mode dry described in step 6 is vacuum-drying, and dry temperature is 60 DEG C ~ 85 DEG C.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, present invention process is simple, and strong operability, has good commercial viability, adopts the biofuel dregs of fat to be that raw material extracts plant sterol, is the recycling to waste resource, has important economic worth and social value.
2, the present invention adopts molecular distillation method to remove impurity, and ensure that the content of sterol, the plant sterol quality purity of extraction can reach more than 95%, improves 15 percentage points than the plant sterol quality purity (80%) of traditional crystallization synthesis.
3, adopt method of the present invention to extract the plant sterol in the biofuel dregs of fat, yield can reach more than 80%.
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Step one, in reactor, add residual biodiesel and the sodium methylate aqueous solution, be heated to 65 DEG C under agitation and carry out alcoholysis reaction, the reaction times is 5h; The add-on of the described sodium methylate aqueous solution is 60% of residual biodiesel quality; In the described sodium methylate aqueous solution, the mass percentage of sodium methylate is 12%;
Fatty acid methyl ester is added in step 2, reactor in step one after alcoholysis reaction, be warming up to 65 DEG C under agitation, then in reactor, slowly the vitriol oil is added, the joining day of the vitriol oil is 45min, carry out esterification under agitation, the reaction times is the joining day that 5h(does not comprise the vitriol oil); The add-on of described fatty acid methyl ester is 0.5 times of residual biodiesel quality, and the acid number of fatty acid methyl ester is 5mgKOH/g; The add-on of the described vitriol oil is 10% of residual biodiesel quality, and the mass concentration of the vitriol oil is 98%;
Step 3, by the material after esterification in step 2 with the hot wash of 60 DEG C to neutral, then filtered while hot, obtains filtrate;
Step 4, quaternary molecule distillation is carried out to filtrate described in step 3, temperature and the vacuum tightness of quaternary molecule distillation are followed successively by: the temperature of first step molecular distillation is 150 DEG C, vacuum tightness is 5000Pa, the temperature of second stage molecular distillation is 175 DEG C, vacuum tightness is 30Pa, and the temperature of third stage molecular distillation is 200 DEG C, and vacuum tightness is 4Pa, the temperature of fourth stage molecular distillation is 225 DEG C, and vacuum tightness is 2Pa; The first step molecular distillation of described quaternary molecule distillation adopts thin-film evaporator, and second stage molecular distillation, third stage molecular distillation and fourth stage molecular distillation all adopt short-distance distiller; The inlet amount of described quaternary molecule distillation is 0.3L/m 2heating-surface area, wherein heating-surface area refers to that the total heating surface (THS) that quaternary molecule distills amasss;
Step 5, by the mixing of the fraction of the fraction of third stage molecular distillation in step 4 and fourth stage molecular distillation, in mixed fraction, add fatty acid methyl ester the mass percentage of sterol in mixed fraction is diluted to 8%, then the mixed fraction after heating dilution is dissolved completely to sterol, cold analysis to 5 DEG C again, press filtration, obtains thick sterol;
Step 6, by dry after sterol ethanol wash thick described in step 5, obtain refined plant sterol; The number of times of described washing is three times, and wash temperature is 30 DEG C, and the time of each washing is 30min, and the alcohol consumption of each washing is 1 times of thick sterol quality; The mode of described drying is vacuum-drying, and dry temperature is 60 DEG C.
The present embodiment adopts the biofuel dregs of fat to be that raw material extracts plant sterol, and technique is simple, and strong operability, has good commercial viability, and this operational path is the recycling to waste resource, has important economic worth and social value.Plant sterol quality purity prepared by the present embodiment reaches 95%, and yield reaches 80%.
Embodiment 2
Step one, in reactor, add residual biodiesel and the sodium methylate aqueous solution, be heated to 75 DEG C under agitation and carry out alcoholysis reaction, the reaction times is 2h; The add-on of the described sodium methylate aqueous solution is 70% of residual biodiesel quality; In the described sodium methylate aqueous solution, the mass percentage of sodium methylate is 10%;
Fatty acid methyl ester is added in step 2, reactor in step one after alcoholysis reaction, be warming up to 70 DEG C under agitation, then in reactor, slowly the vitriol oil is added, the joining day of the vitriol oil is 50min, carry out esterification under agitation, the reaction times is the joining day that 4h(does not comprise the vitriol oil); The add-on of described fatty acid methyl ester is 1 times of residual biodiesel quality, and the acid number of fatty acid methyl ester is 4mgKOH/g; The add-on of the described vitriol oil is 15% of residual biodiesel quality, and the mass concentration of the vitriol oil is 98.3%;
Step 3, by the material after esterification in step 2 with the hot wash of 80 DEG C to neutral, then filtered while hot, obtains filtrate;
Step 4, quaternary molecule distillation is carried out to filtrate described in step 3, temperature and the vacuum tightness of quaternary molecule distillation are followed successively by: the temperature of first step molecular distillation is 170 DEG C, vacuum tightness is 8000Pa, the temperature of second stage molecular distillation is 185 DEG C, vacuum tightness is 70Pa, and the temperature of third stage molecular distillation is 215 DEG C, and vacuum tightness is 10Pa, the temperature of fourth stage molecular distillation is 235 DEG C, and vacuum tightness is 5Pa; The first step molecular distillation of described quaternary molecule distillation adopts thin-film evaporator, and second stage molecular distillation, third stage molecular distillation and fourth stage molecular distillation all adopt short-distance distiller; The inlet amount of described quaternary molecule distillation is 0.4L/m 2heating-surface area, wherein heating-surface area refers to that the total heating surface (THS) that quaternary molecule distills amasss;
Step 5, by the mixing of the fraction of the fraction of third stage molecular distillation in step 4 and fourth stage molecular distillation, in mixed fraction, add fatty acid methyl ester the mass percentage of sterol in mixed fraction is diluted to 12%, then the mixed fraction after heating dilution is dissolved completely to sterol, cold analysis to 10 DEG C again, press filtration, obtains thick sterol;
Step 6, by dry after sterol ethanol wash thick described in step 5, obtain refined plant sterol; The number of times of described washing is three times, and wash temperature is 40 DEG C, and the time of each washing is 10min, and the alcohol consumption of each washing is 2 times of thick sterol quality; The mode of described drying is vacuum-drying, and dry temperature is 85 DEG C.
The present embodiment adopts the biofuel dregs of fat to be that raw material extracts plant sterol, and technique is simple, and strong operability, has good commercial viability, and this operational path is the recycling to waste resource, has important economic worth and social value.Plant sterol quality purity prepared by the present embodiment reaches 98%, and yield reaches 82%.
Embodiment 3
Step one, in reactor, add residual biodiesel and the sodium methylate aqueous solution, be heated to 70 DEG C under agitation and carry out alcoholysis reaction, the reaction times is 3h; The add-on of the described sodium methylate aqueous solution is 65% of residual biodiesel quality; In the described sodium methylate aqueous solution, the mass percentage of sodium methylate is 11%;
Fatty acid methyl ester is added in step 2, reactor in step one after alcoholysis reaction, be warming up to 75 DEG C under agitation, then in reactor, slowly the vitriol oil is added, the joining day of the vitriol oil is 40min, carry out esterification under agitation, the reaction times is the joining day that 3h(does not comprise the vitriol oil); The add-on of described fatty acid methyl ester is 0.8 times of residual biodiesel quality, and the acid number of fatty acid methyl ester is 3mgKOH/g; The add-on of the described vitriol oil is 12% of residual biodiesel quality, and the mass concentration of the vitriol oil is 98.27%;
Step 3, by the material after esterification in step 2 with the hot wash of 70 DEG C to neutral, then filtered while hot, obtains filtrate;
Step 4, quaternary molecule distillation is carried out to filtrate described in step 3, temperature and the vacuum tightness of quaternary molecule distillation are followed successively by: the temperature of first step molecular distillation is 160 DEG C, vacuum tightness is 7000Pa, the temperature of second stage molecular distillation is 180 DEG C, vacuum tightness is 50Pa, and the temperature of third stage molecular distillation is 210 DEG C, and vacuum tightness is 5Pa, the temperature of fourth stage molecular distillation is 230 DEG C, and vacuum tightness is 1Pa; The first step molecular distillation of described quaternary molecule distillation adopts thin-film evaporator, and second stage molecular distillation, third stage molecular distillation and fourth stage molecular distillation all adopt short-distance distiller; The inlet amount of described quaternary molecule distillation is 0.35L/m 2heating-surface area, wherein heating-surface area refers to that the total heating surface (THS) that quaternary molecule distills amasss;
Step 5, by the mixing of the fraction of the fraction of third stage molecular distillation in step 4 and fourth stage molecular distillation, in mixed fraction, add fatty acid methyl ester the mass percentage of sterol in mixed fraction is diluted to 10%, then the mixed fraction after heating dilution is dissolved completely to sterol, cold analysis to 8 DEG C again, press filtration, obtains thick sterol;
Step 6, by dry after sterol ethanol wash thick described in step 5, obtain refined plant sterol; The number of times of described washing is three times, and wash temperature is 35 DEG C, and the time of each washing is 60min, and the alcohol consumption of each washing is 1.5 times of thick sterol quality; The mode of described drying is vacuum-drying, and dry temperature is 70 DEG C.
The present embodiment adopts the biofuel dregs of fat to be that raw material extracts plant sterol, and technique is simple, and strong operability, has good commercial viability, and this operational path is the recycling to waste resource, has important economic worth and social value.Plant sterol quality purity prepared by the present embodiment reaches 97%, and yield reaches 85%.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not any restriction is done to the present invention, every above embodiment is done according to invention technical spirit any simple modification, change and equivalent structure change, all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. from residual biodiesel, extract a method for plant sterol, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, in reactor, add residual biodiesel and the sodium methylate aqueous solution, be heated to 65 DEG C ~ 75 DEG C under agitation and carry out alcoholysis reaction, the reaction times of alcoholysis reaction is 2h ~ 5h; The add-on of the described sodium methylate aqueous solution is 60% ~ 70% of residual biodiesel quality; In the described sodium methylate aqueous solution, the mass percentage of sodium methylate is 10% ~ 12%;
Fatty acid methyl ester is added in step 2, reactor in step one after alcoholysis reaction, be warming up to 65 DEG C ~ 75 DEG C under agitation, then in reactor, add the vitriol oil, carry out esterification under agitation, the reaction times of esterification is 3h ~ 5h; The add-on of described fatty acid methyl ester is 0.5 ~ 1 times of residual biodiesel quality, and the acid number of fatty acid methyl ester is not more than 5mgKOH/g; The add-on of the described vitriol oil is 10% ~ 15% of residual biodiesel quality, and the mass concentration of the vitriol oil is not less than 98%;
Step 3, by the material after esterification in step 2 with the hot wash of 60 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C to neutral, then filtered while hot, obtains filtrate;
Step 4, quaternary molecule distillation is carried out to filtrate described in step 3, temperature and the vacuum tightness of quaternary molecule distillation are followed successively by: the temperature of first step molecular distillation is 150 DEG C ~ 170 DEG C, vacuum tightness≤8000Pa, the temperature of second stage molecular distillation is 175 DEG C ~ 185 DEG C, vacuum tightness≤70Pa, the temperature of third stage molecular distillation is 200 DEG C ~ 215 DEG C, vacuum tightness≤10Pa, the temperature of fourth stage molecular distillation is 225 DEG C ~ 235 DEG C, vacuum tightness≤5Pa; The first step molecular distillation of described quaternary molecule distillation adopts thin-film evaporator, and second stage molecular distillation, third stage molecular distillation and fourth stage molecular distillation all adopt short-distance distiller; The inlet amount of described quaternary molecule distillation is 0.3L/m 2heating-surface area ~ 0.4L/m 2heating-surface area, wherein heating-surface area refers to that the total heating surface (THS) that quaternary molecule distills amasss;
Step 5, by the mixing of the fraction of the fraction of third stage molecular distillation in step 4 and fourth stage molecular distillation, in mixed fraction, add fatty acid methyl ester the mass percentage of sterol in mixed fraction is diluted to 8% ~ 12%, then the mixed fraction after heating dilution is dissolved completely to sterol, cold analysis to 5 DEG C again ~ 10 DEG C, press filtration, obtains thick sterol;
Step 6, by dry after sterol ethanol wash thick described in step 5, obtain refined plant sterol.
2. a kind of method extracting plant sterol from residual biodiesel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the joining day of the vitriol oil described in step 2 is no less than 40min.
3. a kind of method extracting plant sterol from residual biodiesel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the number of times washed described in step 6 is three times, wash temperature is 30 DEG C ~ 40 DEG C, the time of each washing is 10min ~ 60min, and the alcohol consumption of each washing is 1 ~ 2 times of thick sterol quality.
4. a kind of method extracting plant sterol from residual biodiesel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, mode dry described in step 6 is vacuum-drying, and dry temperature is 60 DEG C ~ 85 DEG C.
CN201310132738.9A 2013-04-16 2013-04-16 Method for extracting phytosterol from residual biodiesel Expired - Fee Related CN103214537B (en)

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CN104262444B (en) * 2014-09-03 2016-09-14 陕西海斯夫生物工程有限公司 One phytosterin fatty acid ester and process for catalytic synthesis thereof
CN106883933B (en) * 2015-12-16 2021-05-18 丰益油脂科技(连云港)有限公司 Coconut oil acid production method and coconut oil acid prepared by same
CN107694202B (en) * 2017-09-20 2021-06-01 湖北绿色家园材料技术股份有限公司 Benzyl benzoate oil residue treatment device and method
CN107827947B (en) * 2017-11-17 2020-03-10 浙江伊宝馨生物科技股份有限公司 Method for extracting high-purity sterol from residual oil containing sterol ester
CN111718391B (en) * 2019-11-19 2021-01-19 福建省格兰尼生物工程股份有限公司 Residual oil treatment method for recovering sterol
CN114891055A (en) * 2022-04-13 2022-08-12 福建省格兰尼生物工程股份有限公司 Method for extracting sterol from plant residual oil by chemical and biological methods

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