CN103214204A - Green degree promoter of nano-building material and autoclaved aerated concrete building brick - Google Patents
Green degree promoter of nano-building material and autoclaved aerated concrete building brick Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a green degree promoter of a nano-building material. The promoter mainly comprises 1 part of bentonite, 2-4 parts of bauxite and 1-2 parts of diatomite and is prepared by doping 0.3 parts of nano-coupler to be mixed and grinded till the specific surface area is greater than or equal to 600m<2>/kg. The nano-coupler is composited by nano sodium silicate and aluminic acid ester in proportion of 1:1 at normal temperature. An autoclaved aerated concrete building brick is characterized in that the green degree promoter of the nano-building material according to the claim 1 is added to the pulping step of production of autoclaved aerated concrete, wherein the doping amount is 5-8% of powder, and the pulp is prepared by stirring, and microcrystal silicate minerals are promoted to form by means of high temperature at 190 DEG C, greater than 100% of humidity and high pressure environment of steam pressure at 1.2MPa in the steam pressure process. Meanwhile, the accumulating structure of minerals is changed to form a winding and overlapping structure.
Description
Technical field
This programme relates to a kind of concrete segment, relates in particular to a kind of autoclave aerated concrete building block and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Present domestic heat insulation building block kind is divided into: 1, concrete self-insulating is built fast, light aggregate concrete heat insulation building block.This class building block is to clog thermal insulation material in the hole of concrete segment, as: combustible matls such as XPS, EPS, PU, PF, urea aldehyde, fire resistance is poor.Clog lagging materials such as perlite, glass bead in addition or build forms such as foam cement, this class thermal property is relatively poor, and the mode of production generally adopts natural curing for building and the moulding of mold pressing dual mode, and the employing atmospheric steam curing is also arranged.This class block insulation performance index thermal resistance is at 1.0～2.2(m2K)/W, and hole ratio is greater than 45%, and this programme hole ratio is less than 25%(volumeter algorithm).Its ultimate compression strength (masonry) utilization coefficient only has 0.2～0.3, and this programme product strength utilization coefficient height can reach more than 0.6.Because its natural curing, drying shrinkage value is all bigger, and water ratio height (greater than 10%) causes the thermal property instability.The molding mode decision hole dimension of this class insulation blocks is big, and the little width of Kongzui is greater than 20 millimeters, and the wide size in hole is littler just not to have become type, because the core rod pull-out resistance is too big, has just destroyed structure when extracting.This class is incubated stripping and slicing cost height besides, and cost is at 400 yuan about every cube.
2, autoclave aerated concrete building block.This class insulation blocks is owing to be solid, high its thermal property instability that causes of water ratio, and the wall heat resistance of 240 mm thick is generally less than 1.4(m2K)/W, do not satisfy existing energy conservation standard requirement.But cost is low.Its mode of production is foaming-cutting-high-pressure steaming and cultivating mode.It is domestic sophisticated materials for wall.
3, the soaked mud insulation blocks of non-evaporating hair care.This class insulation stripping and slicing is to add whipping agent, properties-correcting agent, water reducer, water etc. through building the foaming cutting with cement, and natural curing forms.This class building block is owing to natural curing quality instability, freeze-thaw resistance property are poor, and the wall heat resistance of 240 mm thick is generally less than 1.5(m2K)/W, cost height, cost are not less than 320 yuan every cube.
China's utility model patent 201020602891.5 relates to a kind of concrete segment, particularly a kind of many rounds of high-efficiency and energy-saving type autoclave aerated concrete building block.This building block comprises block body, and it is vertical communicating pores or the blind hole of 8～15mm that described block body upper edge short transverse has at least 3 row's diameters, and blind hole is 2～3cm apart from the distance of block body bottom face.Wherein a kind of 600 * 300 * 200mm that is of a size of of described block body has 3～4 row's communicating pores or blind holes on it, communicating pores on every row or blind hole are 6～20.The present invention is owing to offered communicating pores or blind hole on block body, blind hole only is 2～3cm apart from the distance of block body bottom face, and promptly the degree of depth of blind hole is very big, has further reduced the thermal conductivity of autoclave aerated concrete building block, improve its thermal and insulating performance, had higher energy-saving effect.
Summary of the invention
This programme adopts unique processing process based on the high-performance autoclave aerated concrete building block, and special blind hole structure and permutation and combination form high-performance self-heat conserving autoclave aerated concrete building block, satisfy less energy-consumption green building standard-required.
A kind of nanometer building materials greenness promotor, main component is 1 part of a wilkinite, 2～4 parts of bauxitic clays, 1～2 part in diatomite, it is levigate to specific surface area 〉=600m that 0.3 part of nanometer coupling agent of admixture mixes the back
2/ kg forms, and described nanometer coupling agent passes through normal temperature by nanometer water glass and aluminic acid ester according to the ratio of 1:1 and is composited, and is the modification exciting agent of this promotor.
The greenness promotor is applicable to air-entrained concrete building block production, and air-entrained concrete building block is divided into powder ash air-entrained concrete building block, sand aerated concrete block, flyash-cement air-entrained concrete building block usually.Using method is: add the greenness promotor in common air-entrained concrete building block production technique pulping process, addition content is the 5%-8% of powder.The greenness promotor can effectively improve the homogeneity and the stability of slurry, can effectively improve the contact area of active material and exciting agent, improves hydration rate and extent of hydration.Autoclave aerated concrete building block had the compaction rate that increases air vent wall, the packed structures of improving hydrated product in the air vent wall, promote the generation of steam-pressing aero-concrete microlitic structure, form and twine overlapping mode, improve its ultimate compression strength and freeze-thaw resistance property, because the amount increase of hydrated product dehydrated form causes the building block degree of compactness to increase, along with the prolongation of time, dehydrated form continues the fine pore of closely knit block, the contraction of block reduces, and bulk strength increases.Dehydrated form is present between the aquation crystal, changed the heat-conductive characteristic between the aquation crystal, reduced the thermal conductivity of this building block, because the increase of intensity and the improvement of structure, improve the stability that steam-pressing aero-concrete uses, prolonged work-ing life.Special structure can discharge by effectively fixed poisonous ion retardation, has significantly improved the use properties of steam-pressing aero-concrete.Utilize the bentonitic respiratory characteristic of preserving moisture to make autoclave aerated concrete building block have humidity conditioning function, thereby improved the characteristic of the green building material of steam-pressing aero-concrete.
A kind of autoclave aerated concrete building block, it is characterized in that producing pulping process at steam-pressing aero-concrete adds the described nanometer building materials of use claim 1 greenness promotor, addition content is 5%～8% of a powder, stirring pulping, the hyperbaric environment of 190 ℃ high temperature, high humidity, vapor pressure 1.2MPa in the utilization steaming pressure process greater than 100%, promote the crystallite silicate minerals to form, change the accumulation structure of mineral simultaneously, form and twine bridging arrangement.
The concrete characteristics of this programme also have, and open the vertical blind hole of 2～4 flat type strips of row downwards at building block upper edge building block upper surface, the wide 16mm in hole～18 mm, and blind-hole bottom is 10 ± 0.5 mm apart from the distance of block body baseplane; Blind hole quantity≤4 on 1≤every row, blind hole and blind hole at interval the heat bridge dimension width must 〉=30 mms necessary greater than 30 mm, two row's blind hole spacings and≤60 mm; Two end edge ribs must not be less than 30 mm along its length, broad ways dual-side rib must not be less than 40 mm for block body; Autoclave aerated concrete building block core hole hole ratio is no more than 24.0%.
In the end of blind hole four jiaos, be provided with the chamfering of radius 5 mm.
Described blind hole is 4 rows, and first row and the 3rd row are arranged in juxtaposition two middle blind holes, and second row and the 4th row all have been arranged in juxtaposition short blind hole from left to right, middle blind hole and short blind hole.
Described blind hole is three rows, and first row and the 3rd row are arranged in juxtaposition two middle blind holes, and second arranges is equipped with long blind hole.
A kind of autoclave aerated concrete building block is characterized in that opening the vertical blind hole of 2～4 flat type strips of row downwards at building block upper edge building block upper surface, the wide 16mm in hole～18 mm, and blind-hole bottom is 10 ± 0.5 mm apart from the distance of block body baseplane; Blind hole quantity≤4 on 1≤every row, blind hole and blind hole at interval the heat bridge dimension width must 〉=30 mms necessary greater than 30 mm, two row's blind hole spacings and≤60 mm; Two end edge ribs must not be less than 30 mm along its length, broad ways dual-side rib must not be less than 40 mm for block body; Autoclave aerated concrete building block core hole hole ratio is no more than 24.0%.
The concrete characteristics of this programme also have, and four jiaos in the end of blind hole, are provided with the chamfering of radius 5 mm.
Described blind hole is 4 rows, and first row and the 3rd row are arranged in juxtaposition two middle blind holes, and second row and the 4th row all have been arranged in juxtaposition short blind hole from left to right, middle blind hole and short blind hole.
Described blind hole is 3 rows, and first row and the 3rd row are arranged in juxtaposition two middle blind holes, and second arranges is equipped with long blind hole.
The beneficial effect of this programme is: produce the greenness promotor that pulping process adds this programme at steam-pressing aero-concrete, addition content is 5%～8% of a powder, stirring pulping, utilize the high temperature (190 ℃), high humidity (greater than 100%), high pressure (vapor pressure 1.2MPa) environment that steam in the pressure process, promote the crystallite silicate minerals to form, change the accumulation structure of mineral simultaneously, form and twine bridging arrangement, thereby reduce the thermal conductivity of this building block, improved steam-pressing aero-concrete ultimate compression strength, realize strengthening, intensity can improve more than 35%; Because being provided with of blind hole changed heat conducting path, the heat transfer coefficient that has reduced this building block has improved the thermal resistance of building block, because the common fault by the wall crazing of concrete block masonry one-tenth has been avoided in the reduction of block shrinkage value, satisfies production requirement.
In blind hole, need not clog thermal insulation material; do not need to pour into foam material or glass bead class lagging material yet; utilize distinctive blind hole structure of autoclave aerated concrete building block block and accurate dimension; realized that fully thin mortar joint builds by laying bricks or stones; mortar joint is controlled at 2.5 ± 0.5 millimeters; reduce the influence of the mortar joint heat bridge that traditional masonry way brings significantly, guaranteed the validity of thermal characteristic of wall.Counter be built into body of wall after, all blind holes in the block have formed the heat flow blocking structure of enclosed construction in body of wall, because the unique construction of this programme, special blind hole width, the thermal radiation heat transfer in the hole and the intensity of transmission of heat by convection have effectively been controlled, thereby obtained to increase substantially the effect of block masonry thermal resistance value, made its energy-saving heat preserving effect reach the best, can improve one times of thermal resistance with the common autoclave aerated concrete building block ratio of atresia.Block masonry thermal resistance 〉=the 2.60(m of described specification
2K)/and W, be higher than the requirement of JGJ 26-2010 " severe cold and cold district energy Saving Design of Residential Buildings standard " for exterior wall.This block structure is reasonable, masonry strength utilization coefficient height can reach (common building block general 0.2～0.3) more than 0.60, and mechanics index of physics is good, ultimate compression strength 〉=3.5 MPa satisfies GB 50574-2010 " materials for wall is used unified technical specifications " regulation fully.Fire prevention, insulation, heat-proof quality satisfy the design requirements of less energy-consumption green building fully.This programme working method adopts recycle, does not have useless environmental protection, realizes cleaner production.The performance index of this programme:
1, ultimate compression strength 〉=3.5 MPa are according to GB 4111-1997 " the concrete small size hollow building block method of inspection ";
2, water ratio≤6% is according to GB 11969-2008 " steam-pressing aero-concrete test method "
3, drying shrinkage value≤0.60mm/m is according to GB 11969-2008 " steam-pressing aero-concrete test method "
4, density≤580kg/m
3,, according to GB 11969-2008 " steam-pressing aero-concrete test method "
5, according to volumeter algorithm hole ratio≤24%;
6, masonry thermal resistance 〉=2.60 (m
2K)/and W, be higher than existing national industry JGJ 26-2010 " severe cold and cold district energy Saving Design of Residential Buildings standard " and, satisfy the insulation requirement of less energy-consumption green building exterior wall for the requirement of exterior wall.
7, sound insulation property is greater than 50bd GB/T 19889.3 prescriptive procedures
Because the special arrangement mode of this programme pass has increased acoustically effective, though in light weight, defening effect is better.
8, burning classification A level, fire endurance reached more than 2 hours.
GB8624-2006 " material of construction and the classification of goods combustionproperty "
9, the constructional feature that has of this programme product itself, intensity utilization coefficient height can reach more than 0.60 when being used for body of wall, and the body of wall that utilizes this product to build by laying bricks or stones is safe, and this is that other any porous building-brick is inaccessible.
10, the product of this programme adopts inorganic materials fully, does not have efficient organic insulation material (XPS, EPS, PU or the like efficient organic lagging material), eliminates disaster hidden-trouble, saves the petrochemical industry resource; This programme working method adopts the cleaner production recycle, does not have useless environmental protection, is beneficial to reduction of discharging; This programme product itself is an energy-conserving product, good energy-conserving effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is four row's blind hole distribution schematic diagrams (four round distribution schemes one) on the autoclave aerated concrete building block; Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an autoclave aerated concrete building block making method schema; Fig. 4 blind hole width and heat group graph of relation; Transverse axis is the B hole width among the figure, mm; The longitudinal axis is efficient blind hole block masonry thermal resistance value R, (m
2K)/W; Basic thermal resistance R
0Be this building block of atresia (common autoclave aerated concrete building block) masonry thermal resistance; When hole width equals the building block width b.Fig. 5 is a double blind hole distribution schematic diagram on the autoclave aerated concrete building block; Fig. 6 is the left view of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is three row's blind hole distribution schemes, one synoptic diagram on the autoclave aerated concrete building block; Fig. 8 is the left view of Fig. 7; Fig. 9 is three row's blind hole distribution schemes, two synoptic diagram on the autoclave aerated concrete building block; Figure 10 is three row's blind hole distribution schemes, three synoptic diagram on the autoclave aerated concrete building block; Figure 11 is three row's blind hole distribution schemes, three synoptic diagram on the autoclave aerated concrete building block; Figure 12 is three row's blind hole distribution schemes, four synoptic diagram on the autoclave aerated concrete building block; Figure 13 is three row's blind hole distribution schemes, five synoptic diagram on the autoclave aerated concrete building block; Figure 14 is three row's blind hole distribution schemes, six synoptic diagram on the autoclave aerated concrete building block; Figure 15 is three row's blind hole distribution schemes, seven synoptic diagram on the autoclave aerated concrete building block; Figure 16 is four row's blind hole distribution scheme two synoptic diagram (embodiment 3) on the autoclave aerated concrete building block.
Among the figure: the long blind hole of 1-; Blind hole among the 2-; The short blind hole of 3-.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of nanometer building materials greenness promotor, main component is 1 part of a wilkinite, 3 parts of bauxitic clays, 1 part in diatomite, it is levigate after 0.3 part of nanometer coupling agent of admixture mixes that (specific surface area is not less than 600m
2/ kg) forming, described nanometer coupling agent passes through normal temperature by nanometer water glass and aluminic acid ester according to the ratio of 1:1 and is composited, and is the modification exciting agent of this promotor.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of autoclave aerated concrete building block is opened the vertical blind hole of the 4 flat type strips of row downwards at the building block upper surface, and first row and the 3rd row are arranged in juxtaposition two middle blind holes, second row and the 4th row all have been arranged in juxtaposition short blind hole from left to right, middle blind hole and short blind hole.The wide 16-18 mm in hole, blind-hole bottom is 10 ± 0.5 mm apart from the distance of block body baseplane; Blind hole quantity≤4 on 2≤every row, blind hole and blind hole at interval the heat bridge dimension width greater than 30 mm, two row's blind hole spacing 〉=30 mm and≤60 mm; Two end edge ribs are not less than 30 mm to block body along its length, broad ways dual-side rib is not less than 40 mm; Autoclave aerated concrete building block core hole hole ratio is no more than 23.0%.In the end of flat type blind hole four jiaos, be provided with the chamfering of radius 5 mm.
Add the greenness promotor of this programme at common production technology of autoclaved aerated concrete pulping process, addition content is 5%～8% of a powder, stirring pulping, utilize the high temperature (190 ℃), high humidity (greater than 100%), high pressure (vapor pressure 1.2MPa) environment that steam in the pressure process, promote the crystallite silicate minerals to form, change the accumulation structure of mineral simultaneously, form tangled structure.
The described nanometer building materials of this programme greenness promotor, main component is 1 part of a wilkinite, 3 parts of bauxitic clays, 1 part in diatomite, it is levigate after 0.3 part of nanometer coupling agent of admixture mixes that (specific surface area is not less than 600m
2/ kg) forming, described nanometer coupling agent passes through normal temperature by nanometer water glass and aluminic acid ester according to the ratio of 1:1 and is composited, and is the modification exciting agent of this promotor.
Blind hole is divided into: 3 kinds of long blind holes, middle blind hole, short blind hole, hole length is respectively 537 mm(and sees Figure 16 four round distribution schemes two), 253 mm, 111 mm, wide 16 mm in hole; High 227 mm in hole.Pass one-tenth various ways capable of being combined is effectively blocked hot-fluid.According to minimum two rounds of three kinds of hole organic assembling of this programme, can reach the effect of this programme.The blind hole width is the 16-18 millimeter, through a large amount of experimental studies, finds that the thermal resistance of blind hole width and this programme product is closely related.When the blind hole width less than 12 millimeters or during greater than 22 millimeters, thermal resistance reduces, and compares the thermal resistance value increase rate less than 35% with the building block of body atresia, effect is unsatisfactory.A large amount of experimental results proofs hole wide when the 16-18 millimeter its thermal resistance best, the best.This mainly is to work as the blind hole width less than 12 millimeters, radiative transfer aggravation in the hole; When blind hole width during greater than 22 millimeters, air aggravates along two side, hole convective heat exchange in the hole.Measured result is the wide trend map of face thermal resistance and hole as follows.When the hole is wide when being building block width b, thermal resistance is zero, no heat insulation effect.
This programme hole width is at 16～18 millimeters.This is the important conclusion of this programme.This programme utilizes protective hot box method thermal property detector to detect according to standard GB/T 13475-2008 " mensuration of adiabatic steady state heat transfer system is demarcated and the protective hot box method ", comparative study has been carried out in building block for the different hole widths of the pass of this programme, and statistical law as shown in Figure 4.See Fig. 4 blind hole width and heat group graph of relation (statistical graph) for details.
Product specification dimension precision requirement height.Compare with the building block that meets GB 11968-2008 " autoclave aerated concrete building block " standard, length, width, all requirements of gauge deviation have been improved, be controlled at ± 0.5 millimeter, increased hole width deviation control ± 0.5 millimeter simultaneously, to guarantee best thermal property.
Adopting the high-performance autoclave aerated concrete building block of this programme is starting material, in high-performance autoclave aerated concrete building block production miller---machining center retrofit, after building block processed on four sides, on the lathe that parallel many gang millings are bored, move processing again, one-step pore-creating, hole depth rate piece thickness is little 10 millimeters, form the blind hole building block, building block is built by laying bricks or stones conversely when building a wall, realized that fully thin mortar joint builds by laying bricks or stones, mortar joint is controlled at 2.5 ± 0.5 millimeters, has reduced the influence of the mortar joint heat bridge that traditional masonry way brings significantly, has guaranteed the validity of thermal characteristic of wall.
Utilize protective hot box method thermal property detector, measure,, draw to draw a conclusion through the great deal of experiment data checking according to GB/T 13475-2008 " mensuration of adiabatic steady state heat transfer system is demarcated and the protective hot box method ":
Blind-hole bottom is apart from 10 millimeters of the every increases of the distance P of block body baseplane, and thermal resistance reduces about 3%, and when reaching 30 millimeters, thermal resistance reduces more than 11%, for example: specification is the building block of 600 * 300 * 200mm, highly is 200 millimeters, when the P value is got 30 millimeters:
The thermal bridge area ratio is 15%, increases by 15% by the exterior wall dispersed heat, and thermal resistance has reduced 15%, and this is deleterious technical scheme.
So blind-hole bottom is the smaller the better apart from the distance P value of block body baseplane, still, when being through hole, during masonry mortar will drop into the hole along the hole upper end open in the construction process, lose the perforate meaning, facts have proved, through hole is difficult to guarantee to thermal property in construction process.
The waste residue that the retrofit production line is discharged can be recycled to autoclave aerated concrete building block production line cyclic production and use, and accomplishes the cleaner production energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Heat-insulating property efficiently.Being different from other insulation stripping and slicing characteristics and in the piece hole, need not clogging thermal insulation material exactly of this programme; do not need to pour into foam material or glass bead class lagging material yet; utilize the distinctive blind hole structure of block; after the traditional method of indicating the pronunciation of a Chinese character became body of wall, all blind holes in the block had formed the blocking-up structure of the hot-fluid of enclosed construction in body of wall.According to GB/T 13475-2008 " mensuration of adiabatic steady state heat transfer system is demarcated and the protective hot box method " through a large amount of detections, adopt the product after this programme technology is processed, its performance is compared with former material (steam-pressing aero-concrete of employing), thermal conductivity constant (material essence does not become), other physicalies are almost constant, being built into the contrast body of wall detects according to GB/T 13475-2008 " mensuration of adiabatic steady state heat transfer system is demarcated and the protective hot box method ", about its thermal resistance doubled, (three rows, four round building blocks) wall heat resistance was greater than 2.60(m
2K)/W.
Unique working method of this programme, also be applicable to the building block body that the every base material of concrete, light aggregate concrete, foam cement or the like is made, carry out the hole milling mode of present method and process, but the product processed thermal property is difficult to assurance, also do not reach the effect of this programme.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment and embodiment 2 something in common repeat no more, and difference is that embodiment 3 building block blind hole distribution plans are seen Figure 16 (four round arrangements two), and every index is as follows:
Wherein a kind of 597 * 240 * 237mm that is of a size of of described block body utilizes the working method of this programme, in the time processing moulding of retrofit center.Have 4 row's blind holes on it.The described blind hole pass of this programme is the square type hole that has chamfering, and kind is 3 kinds, is divided into: grow blind hole, middle blind hole, lack 3 kinds of blind holes, hole length is respectively 537 mm, 253 mm, 111 mm, wide 16 mm in hole; High 227 mm in hole; Hole and span heat bridge dimension width greater than 30 mm, two round spacings 〉=30 mm and≤60 mm; Two end edge ribs are not less than 30 mm to block body along its length, broad ways dual-side rib is not less than 40 mm; Each size deviation of building block and hole is controlled at ± 0.5 mm.
The not combination of blind hole of the same race forms the building block of various ways, but the hole number of every round is no more than 4, and is long as far as possible with the control heat-transfer path, reduces heat bridge quantity, to realize best effect.
Only with Fig. 1 symbol for dimensioning explanation specification:
(specification of starting material autoclave aerated concrete building block idiosome is 600 * 240 * 240mm)
Product master ga(u)ge lattice a * b * h=597 * 240 * 237mm; Other specifications meet GB 11968-2008 " autoclave aerated concrete building block " standard-required
End edge rib y 〉=30 mm (requirement of this programme structure)
Limit rib x 〉=40 mm (requirement of this programme structure)
Blind hole width w:16 mm (requirement of this programme structure)
The structural connecting portion of heat bridge Z: 30mm, controlling its size purpose is the sectional area that the control hot-fluid transmits, and improves thermal property.Be also referred to as heat bridge.
The bottom, hole is apart from 10 millimeters of the distance P values of block body baseplane.
Adjacent two row's blind hole spacings are necessary: 〉=30 mm. and≤60 mm;
The production process of this programme:
Idiosome size: 600 * 240 * 240mm; Cutting hole flushing error control: ± 0.5 millimeter;
Product size: 597 * 240 * 237mm; Dry oven dry controlling index: water ratio≤6%;
Vacuumize: vacuum tightness 〉=500Pa.
The construction using method:
1, adopts special masonry mortar, satisfy JC890-2001 " steam-pressing aero-concrete masonry mortar and plastering mortar ".
2, this programme building block end face and bottom surface are overturn 180 °, with the blind hole mouth down, mortar is smeared in the bottom surface, and building block is counter builds, and forms closed pores.
With the sand aerated concrete block production line test, add the greenness promotor of this programme embodiment 1 prescription at pulping process, addition content is 6.0% of a powder amount, stirring pulping, produce with domestic common autoclave aerated concrete building block production process, utilize the high temperature (190 ℃), high humidity (greater than 100%), high pressure (vapor pressure 1.2MPa) environment that steam in the pressure process, steam-cured 8 hours.
With this building block is the production base material of blind hole building block, after both ends of the surface and upper and lower faces are finished cutting, carries out hole milling at the retrofit production line again, through flash baking in 6 minutes, carries out vacuum packaging after the cooling.According to according to GB 4111-1997 " the concrete small size hollow building block method of inspection ", adopt universal testing machine then, carry out compressive strength test; Adopt electronic balance and electric drying oven with forced convection according to GB 11969-2008 " steam-pressing aero-concrete test method ", carry out the block density test; Utilize protective hot box method thermal property detector, carry out the experiment of masonry heat group according to GB/T 13475-2008 " mensuration of adiabatic steady state heat transfer system is demarcated and the protective hot box method ".
Building test on protective hot box method thermal property detector test specimen installation position by laying bricks or stones builds bare body of wall by laying bricks or stones with blind hole autoclave aerated concrete building block and special masonry mortar (does not plaster in the body of wall both sides, jointing), adopt thin mortar joint to build by laying bricks or stones, mortar joint is controlled at 2.5 ± 0.5 millimeters, build by laying bricks or stones to finish to place after 10 days and experimentize, 20 ± 3 ℃ of laboratory environment temperature, wide 16 millimeters through surveying four row's blind hole holes: thermal resistance is 2.668(m
2K)/W; Ultimate compression strength is 4.4MPa, blind hole density of building block 456kg/m
3Actual measurement body compression strength of building block 6.9MPa, atresia density of building block 576kg/m
3
Comparative Examples 1
This Comparative Examples adopts the test conditions identical with embodiment 3, use the test set universal testing machine, carry out compressive strength test according to GB 4111-1997 " the concrete small size hollow building block method of inspection ", utilize protective hot box method thermal property detector, carry out the experiment of heat group according to GB/T 13475-2008 " mensuration of adiabatic steady state heat transfer system is demarcated and the protective hot box method ".
Test sample is common autoclave aerated concrete building block (sand aerating), and idiosome building block sample specification is identical, and it is circular that four rows are set, and every row adopts 15 millimeters 10 circular blind holes of diameter, the little 30mm of hole depth rate block thickness; The autoclave aerated concrete building block width is selected 240 millimeters for use.
Comparative Examples 2
Present embodiment adopts identical test conditions with embodiment 3, idiosome building block sample specification is identical, difference is, test sample is common autoclave aerated concrete building block (sand aerating), it is circular that four rows are set, every row adopts 15 millimeters 20 circular blind holes of diameter, the little 30mm of hole depth rate block thickness; The autoclave aerated concrete building block width is selected 240 millimeters for use.
Comparative Examples 3
Present embodiment and embodiment 3 adopts identical test conditions, and difference is, common autoclave aerated concrete building block (sand aerating), and idiosome building block sample specification is identical, adopts the pass of this programme, adopts the wide 15 millimeters scheme samples in hole.
Comparative Examples 4
Present embodiment and embodiment 3 adopts identical test conditions, and difference is, test sample is common autoclave aerated concrete building block, and building block sample specification is identical, is the atresia building block.
Conclusion (of pressure testing): all about 580 kilograms, its masonry thermal resistance and compression strength of building block result are as follows for atresia building block piece density:
Thermal resistance result: ultimate compression strength: atresia density of building block
Comparative Examples 1:1.464(m
2K)/W; 3.6 MPa is with Comparative Examples 4
Comparative Examples 2:1.748 (m
2K)/W; 3.1 MPa is with Comparative Examples 4
Comparative Examples 3:1.869(m
2K)/W; 2.4 MPa is with Comparative Examples 4
Comparative Examples 4:1.217 (m
2K)/W; 4.3 MPa 589kg/m
3
Embodiment 3:2.668(m
2K)/W; 4.4 MPa 576kg/m
3
Above interpretation of result is as can be known:
A: Comparative Examples 2 thermal resistances only are 1. 748(m
2K)/and W, relatively thermal resistances only improve 43.6%, ultimate compression strength is 3.1 MPa with Comparative Examples 4, do not reach the minimum requirements of 3.5 MPa this programme;
This programme embodiment 3, Comparative Examples 2, Comparative Examples 4 compare mutually, embodiment 3 thermal resistance results be Comparative Examples 2 152.6%, embodiment 3 is 219.22% of Comparative Examples 4; Comparative Examples 2 thermal resistance results be Comparative Examples 4 146.3%, be 65.5% of embodiment 3;
This programme embodiment 3, Comparative Examples 2, Comparative Examples 3 compare mutually, and embodiment 3 thermal resistance results are 142.8% of Comparative Examples 3; Comparative Examples 2 thermal resistance results be Comparative Examples 3 93.5%, Comparative Examples 2 is 65.5% of embodiment 3;
Illustrate the wide 16 millimeters effect of this programme embodiment 3 blind holes be Comparative Examples 2, Comparative Examples 3 15 millimeters can not replace, that is to say that 15 millimeters effects are not all right.
This programme embodiment 3 compares with Comparative Examples 2, and embodiment 3 ultimate compression strength are 141.9% of Comparative Examples 2, and the ultimate compression strength of the atresia building block sample of embodiment 3 blind hole compression strength of building block and Comparative Examples 4 is basic identical.
This illustrates that common autoclave aerated concrete building block does not adopt this programme enhancing modified technology, is difficult to reach this programme effect.Simultaneously illustrate that also this programme technique effect is that Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is inaccessible far away.
B: and Comparative Examples 3 adopts the scheme of the pass of this programme to compare with Comparative Examples 2 schemes, thermal resistance improves 6.9%, ultimate compression strength 2.4 MPa, and ultimate compression strength and Comparative Examples 2 are relatively, reduce by 41.5%, this result can not satisfy GB 50574-2010 " materials for wall is used unified technical specifications " regulation.
According to autoclave aerated concrete building block intensity and hole ratio relation curve, hole ratio high strength more is low more, after circular port became the prolate hole, its ultimate compression strength and hole ratio relation curve became exponential decay dependence, so the circular port structure can not become the prolate pore structure.Especially behind hole ratio 24%, the ultimate compression strength decay is more severe, so this programme control core hole hole ratio is no more than 24%.
This illustrates this building block of 201020602891.5 patent indications, even if adopt the wide 15 millimeters scheme in hole, prolate hole, not only do not reach the result of this programme technology, be exactly that its ultimate compression strength can not satisfy standard-required, the product of production can not satisfy the regulation of GB 50574-2010 " materials for wall is used unified technical specifications ".
Embodiment 4(see figure 5)
Present embodiment and embodiment 2 something in common repeat no more, and difference is that embodiment 4 building block blind hole distribution plans are seen Fig. 5, is the blind hole building block of double hole.
Adopt the nanometer building materials greenness promotor of embodiment 1 prescription of this programme research and development, with fly-ash steaming pressing aero-concrete production line test, at the greenness promotor of pulping process interpolation this programme, addition content is 5.0% of a powder, stirring pulping, production process is with embodiment 3, test method is with embodiment 3, and double blind hole hole is wide 18 millimeters, opens the vertical blind hole of the 2 flat type strips of row downwards at the building block upper surface, wide 18 mm in hole, blind-hole bottom is 10 ± 0.5 mm apart from the distance of block body baseplane; 1 of blind hole quantity on every row, blind hole and blind hole heat bridge dimension width are at interval arranged blind hole spacings 60 mm greater than 30 mm, two; Block body two end edge ribs along its length is not less than 30 mm, broad ways dual-side rib greater than 40 mm; Autoclave aerated concrete building block core hole hole ratio 12.9%.In the end of blind hole four jiaos, be provided with the chamfering of radius 5 mm.
Measured result is: thermal resistance is 2.275(m
2K)/W; Ultimate compression strength is 4.2 MPa, double long blind hole density of building block 518kg/m
3Body atresia compression strength of building block 6.3MPa, density 603kg/m
3
Embodiment 5
Present embodiment and embodiment 2 something in common repeat no more, and difference is that embodiment 5 building block blind hole distribution plans are seen Fig. 7 and 8, is three round blind hole building blocks.
Adopt the embodiment 1 prescription nanometer building materials greenness promotor of this programme research and development, in flyash-cement steam-pressing aero-concrete production line test, add the greenness promotor of this programme at pulping process, addition content is 8% of a powder, stirring pulping, production process is identical with embodiment 3 with test method, and described blind hole is 3 rows, first row and the 3rd row are arranged in juxtaposition two middle blind holes, and second arranges is equipped with long blind hole.Three row's blind hole holes are wide 16 millimeters, open the vertical blind hole of the 3 flat type strips of row downwards at the building block upper surface, wide 16 mm in hole, and blind-hole bottom is 10 ± 0.5 mm apart from the distance of block body baseplane; Blind hole quantity on every row is smaller or equal to 2, and blind hole and blind hole interval heat bridge dimension width are greater than 30 mm, every row's blind hole spacing 56 mm; Block body two end edge ribs along its length is not less than 30 mm, broad ways dual-side rib 40 mm; Autoclave aerated concrete building block core hole hole ratio 22.9%.In the end of blind hole four jiaos, be provided with the chamfering of radius 5 mm.
Measured result is: thermal resistance is 2.603(m
2K)/W; Ultimate compression strength is 3.8 MPa, three row's blind hole density of building block 482kg/m
3Actual measurement body compression strength of building block 6.5MPa, density of building block 576kg/m
3
By above embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 as can be seen: greenness promotor, addition content are 6.0% o'clock reinforced effects optimum of powder.A large amount of experimental results show that: addition content is lower than 5% or be higher than at 8% o'clock, and the intensity enhancing effect reduces relatively.
Embodiment 6
Present embodiment and embodiment 2 something in common repeat no more, and difference is that embodiment 6 building block blind holes distribute.Shown in Fig. 9-15, three row's blind hole distribution schemes, two to seven synoptic diagram on the autoclave aerated concrete building block.
Claims (10)
1. nanometer building materials greenness promotor, main component is 1 part of a wilkinite, 2～4 parts of bauxitic clays, 1～2 part in diatomite, it is levigate to specific surface area 〉=600m that 0.3 part of nanometer coupling agent of admixture mixes the back
2/ kg forms, and described nanometer coupling agent passes through normal temperature by nanometer water glass and aluminic acid ester according to the ratio of 1:1 and is composited.
2. autoclave aerated concrete building block, it is characterized in that producing pulping process at steam-pressing aero-concrete adds the described nanometer building materials of use claim 1 greenness promotor, addition content is 5%～8% of a powder, stirring pulping, the hyperbaric environment of 190 ℃ high temperature, high humidity, vapor pressure 1.2MPa in the utilization steaming pressure process greater than 100%, promote the crystallite silicate minerals to form, change the accumulation structure of mineral simultaneously, form and twine bridging arrangement.
3. autoclave aerated concrete building block according to claim 2 is characterized in that opening the vertical blind hole of 2～4 flat type strips of row downwards at building block upper edge building block upper surface, the wide 16mm in hole～18 mm, and blind-hole bottom is 10 ± 0.5 mm apart from the distance of block body baseplane; Blind hole quantity≤4 on 1≤every row, blind hole and blind hole at interval the heat bridge dimension width must 〉=30 mms necessary greater than 30 mm, two row's blind hole spacings and≤60 mm; Two end edge ribs must not be less than 30 mm along its length, broad ways dual-side rib must not be less than 40 mm for block body; Autoclave aerated concrete building block core hole hole ratio is no more than 24.0%.
4. autoclave aerated concrete building block according to claim 3 is characterized in that in the end of blind hole four jiaos, is provided with the chamfering of radius 5 mm.
5. autoclave aerated concrete building block according to claim 3 is characterized in that described blind hole is 4 rows, and first row and the 3rd row are arranged in juxtaposition two middle blind holes, and second row and the 4th row all have been arranged in juxtaposition short blind hole from left to right, middle blind hole and short blind hole.
6. autoclave aerated concrete building block according to claim 3 is characterized in that described blind hole is three rows, and first row and the 3rd row are arranged in juxtaposition two middle blind holes, and second arranges is equipped with long blind hole.
7. an autoclave aerated concrete building block is characterized in that opening the vertical blind hole of 2～4 flat type strips of row downwards at building block upper edge building block upper surface, the wide 16mm in hole～18 mm, and blind-hole bottom is 10 ± 0.5 mm apart from the distance of block body baseplane; Blind hole quantity≤4 on 1≤every row, blind hole and blind hole at interval the heat bridge dimension width must 〉=30 mms necessary greater than 30 mm, two row's blind hole spacings and≤60 mm; Two end edge ribs must not be less than 30 mm along its length, broad ways dual-side rib must not be less than 40 mm for block body; Autoclave aerated concrete building block core hole hole ratio is no more than 24.0%.
8. autoclave aerated concrete building block according to claim 7 is characterized in that in the end of blind hole four jiaos, is provided with the chamfering of radius 5 mm.
9. autoclave aerated concrete building block according to claim 7 is characterized in that described blind hole is 4 rows, and first row and the 3rd row are arranged in juxtaposition two middle blind holes, and second row and the 4th row all have been arranged in juxtaposition short blind hole from left to right, middle blind hole and short blind hole.
10. autoclave aerated concrete building block according to claim 7 is characterized in that described blind hole is 3 rows, and first row and the 3rd row are arranged in juxtaposition two middle blind holes, and second arranges is equipped with long blind hole.
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| CN201410316280.7A CN104088393B (en) | 2013-04-23 | 2013-04-23 | Autoclave aerated concrete building block |
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| CN105040886A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-11 | 山东易通建材有限公司 | Multi-slot autoclaved aerated concrete block |
| CN108341688A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-07-31 | 丁燕炜 | Self-heat conserving autoclave aerated concrete building block, process units and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105040886A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-11 | 山东易通建材有限公司 | Multi-slot autoclaved aerated concrete block |
| CN108341688A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-07-31 | 丁燕炜 | Self-heat conserving autoclave aerated concrete building block, process units and preparation method thereof |
| CN108341688B (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2021-06-29 | 湖南地利节能建材有限公司 | Self-heat-preservation autoclaved aerated concrete block, production device and preparation method thereof |
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